A simulation device for seawater erosion of seawall revetment concrete

Abstract

This invention discloses a simulation device for the erosion of seawall concrete by seawater, belonging to the technical field of marine civil engineering simulation test devices. It includes an experimental water tank, a sample support device, a wave-generating mechanism, a jetting and sand-lifting mechanism, and a linkage drive mechanism. The linkage drive mechanism has a first drive component and a second drive component on its rotating main shaft, which respectively drive the wave-generating mechanism and the jetting and sand-lifting mechanism. This application configures a phase difference between the first and second drive components, so that when the rotating main shaft rotates, the second drive component preferentially drives the jetting and sand-lifting mechanism to spray fluid to lift the bottom abrasive medium. Subsequently, the first drive component drives the wave-generating mechanism to perform wave-generating action, ensuring that a high concentration of suspended abrasive medium is formed in the water when the wave is generated and impacts the sample. This effectively solves the problem of easy sedimentation of abrasive medium in traditional experiments, simulating the erosion and sand-laden waves of the ocean on concrete.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine civil engineering simulation test device technology, and in particular to a simulation device for seawater erosion of seawall concrete. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, research on the durability of seawall concrete in marine environments mainly employs indoor artificial simulation accelerated erosion tests. Existing simulation devices typically include experimental water tanks, artificial wave generators, and circulation systems for adjusting salt concentration. These devices can simulate the chemical penetration of seawater onto the concrete surface and the physical impact of waves. To simulate real nearshore conditions, some devices also integrate heating devices and simple water injection and drainage systems to simulate the alternating wet and dry cycles caused by solar radiation and tidal fluctuations. In wave dynamics simulation, flapper wave generators are commonly used, where mechanical linkages drive the wave-generating plates to oscillate back and forth in the water to generate traveling waves.

[0003] Currently, laboratories often simulate abrasive media by pre-placing quartz sand at the bottom of a water tank. However, due to its physical properties, quartz sand settles rapidly in still water due to gravity and accumulates at the bottom. Traditional wave generators mainly produce horizontal traveling waves, whose wave energy is concentrated in the upper and middle layers of the water. The kinetic energy of the disturbance transmitted to the bottom is extremely weak and insufficient to overcome the settling resistance of sediment and re-lift it. This results in a very low effective abrasive concentration in the water propelled by the wave generator, which can only simulate the scouring conditions of clear water and cannot reproduce the real process of ocean waves violently stirring up seabed sediment and forming a high concentration of suspended abrasive impacting the surface of seawalls. This sand-water separation phenomenon makes the simulation of physical wear and peeling of cement paste on the concrete surface poor, and it is difficult to accurately assess the durability evolution of concrete structures under the combined effects of physical wear and chloride erosion. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a simulation device for the erosion of seawall concrete by seawater, in order to solve the technical problem that the abrasive medium is prone to settling during the experiment, resulting in insufficient wave-carried sand concentration and making it difficult to realistically simulate the severe scouring and abrasion effect of sea waves rolling up mud and sand on the concrete surface.

[0005] This invention employs the following technical solution: a simulation device for the erosion of seawall concrete by seawater. It includes an experimental water tank for containing water and abrasive media; A sample support device is installed inside the experimental water tank to support the concrete sample; A wave-generating mechanism is installed inside the experimental water tank to disturb the water and generate waves; A jetting and sand-lifting mechanism is installed at the bottom of the experimental water tank and is used to jet fluid into the water to lift up the abrasive medium. A linkage drive mechanism, including a drive source and a rotating spindle driven by it; The rotating main shaft is provided with a first driving member for driving the wave-generating mechanism and a second driving member for driving the sand-spraying mechanism. There is an action phase difference between the first driving member and the second driving member, so that when the rotating main shaft rotates, the second driving member drives the sand-spraying mechanism to perform the spraying action first, and the first driving member then drives the wave-generating mechanism to perform the wave-generating action.

[0006] Furthermore, the first driving component is a wave-generating driving cam, which is fixedly sleeved on the rotating main shaft. The wave-generating mechanism includes a gantry frame fixedly installed in the experimental water tank, a pusher seat movably installed on the gantry frame, and a wave-generating panel in the water. The center of the wave-generating panel is movably connected to the gantry frame through a horizontal rotating shaft. The pusher seat is configured to receive the rotational movement of the wave-generating driving cam and generate a vertical reciprocating movement along the gantry frame. The pusher seat is drively connected to the wave-generating panel and is configured to drive the wave-generating panel to swing in a fan shape around the rotating shaft when the pusher seat moves vertically downward.

[0007] Furthermore, vertically extending guide channel steels are fixed on both sides of the inner wall of the gantry frame, and the two ends of the push seat are slidably engaged in the guide channel steels. The wave-making mechanism also includes a support frame fixed on the gantry frame, a contact link vertically fixed on the push seat, a pressure plate connected to the top of the contact link, and a return spring sleeved on the contact link. The contact link vertically moves through the support frame and connects to the pressure plate. The contour surface of the wave-making drive cam is in contact with the pressure plate. The two ends of the return spring are respectively connected between the bottom surface of the support frame and the upper surface of the push seat. The transmission connection structure between the push seat and the wave-making panel is a lower rocker arm link. One end of the lower rocker arm link is movably connected to the push seat, and the other end is movably connected to the wave-making panel.

[0008] Furthermore, the support frame has upwardly extending ends at both ends, the drive source is fixedly installed on the side of one set of the extending ends, the side of the gantry frame is also fixed with several mounting seats, the rotating main shaft is rotatably supported on the mounting seats, the bottom surface of the push seat is fixed with rotating shaft connecting ears at both ends, and one end of the lower rocker arm connecting rod is hinged to the rotating shaft connecting ear through a pin.

[0009] Furthermore, the jet sand-throwing mechanism includes a mounting frame, a cylinder, and a pump head assembly. The mounting frame is fixed to the inner wall of the experimental water tank. The second driving component is a sand-throwing driving cam. A piston rod is provided inside the cylinder. The top end of the piston rod extends to the outside of the cylinder and is connected to a plunger head. The plunger head is located below the rotation trajectory of the sand-throwing driving cam. An installation cavity is provided inside the cylinder. A buffer spring is sleeved on the piston rod. The buffer spring is configured to provide a reset force after the sand-throwing driving cam disengages from the plunger head.

[0010] Furthermore, the pump head assembly is connected to the bottom of the cylinder. One side of the pump head assembly is provided with an inlet check valve interface, and the other side is provided with an outlet check valve interface. The inlet check valve interface extends to below the water surface of the experimental water tank through a pipeline. The jet sand-lifting mechanism also includes a jet pipe network connected to the outlet check valve interface through a hose. The jet pipe network is laid at the bottom of the experimental water tank. Several nozzles are evenly distributed on the jet pipe network. The nozzles are arranged facing upwards and located at the bottom of the experimental water tank. They are configured to be covered by abrasive media and to flush up quartz sand to form a turbid liquid through high-pressure water flow.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a light source simulation mechanism, which includes an arc-shaped guide rail spanning above the experimental water tank. The two ends of the arc-shaped guide rail are respectively fixed to the two sides of the experimental water tank. A movable slide is slidably mounted on the arc-shaped guide rail. The movable slide is engaged with the arc-shaped guide rail by guide rail rollers. A transmission toothed belt is laid along the arc of the arc-shaped guide rail. A revolution drive motor is fixed on the movable slide. The output shaft of the revolution drive motor is connected to a gear. The gear meshes with the transmission toothed belt and is configured to drive the movable slide to move along the arc-shaped guide rail to simulate the celestial orbit of the sun.

[0012] Furthermore, a light source frame is suspended at the bottom of the movable slide. An ultraviolet lamp group and an infrared lamp group are integrated on the side of the light source frame facing the inside of the experimental water tank. The ultraviolet lamp group is used to simulate the aging effect of ultraviolet rays in sunlight on concrete, and the infrared lamp group is used to simulate the temperature stress generated by solar radiation heat on concrete.

[0013] Furthermore, the system also includes a wind field simulation mechanism. This mechanism comprises horizontal support beams installed on both sides of the top of the experimental water tank. A surrounding guide rail, covering the water tank, is connected to the horizontal support beams on both sides. The surrounding guide rail is a waist-shaped closed-loop structure composed of straight and arc segments. A mobile vehicle is mounted on the surrounding guide rail. The mobile vehicle is engaged in the groove of the surrounding guide rail via a set of guide wheels. A blower is connected to the bottom of the mobile vehicle via two suspension arms. The blower is connected to the two suspension arms via an adjusting hinge. The adjusting hinge has a locking knob. The system is configured to simulate wind fields at different locations on the water surface by moving the mobile vehicle around the tank, and to adjust the pitch angle of the blower via the adjusting hinge and lock the adjustment angle via the locking knob.

[0014] Furthermore, the sample support device is a pad device fixed to the bottom of the experimental water tank, which has several stepped surfaces of different heights to support the concrete sample in the fully submerged zone, the tidal fluctuation zone, and the splash zone, respectively.

[0015] The above-mentioned technical solution adopted in this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: A simulation device for seawater erosion of seawall concrete is provided. By setting up a linkage drive mechanism and a first drive component and a second drive component with a phase difference, the device ingeniously utilizes the unidirectional rotation of the main shaft to achieve precise coordination of the action sequence of the jetting and sand-raising mechanism and the wave-making mechanism. Specifically, the phase difference allows the second drive component to prioritize driving the jetting and sand-raising mechanism to spray fluid into the water to raise the bottom abrasive medium. Subsequently, the first drive component drives the wave-making mechanism to disturb the water and generate waves. This ensures that when the waves are generated, advance, and impact the concrete sample on the sample support device, the water has already been forcibly raised and a high concentration of suspended abrasive medium has been formed. This effectively overcomes the shortcomings of traditional simulation experiments, such as insufficient sand-carrying capacity of waves due to the rapid settling of abrasive medium, which makes it difficult to realistically simulate the sand-carrying and scouring conditions of marine storm surges. This improves the authenticity and reliability of the durability test data of seawall concrete. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the invention and constitute a part of this invention, are illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0017] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a simulation device for seawater erosion of seawall concrete in this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the bottom view structure; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram at point A; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial structure; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point B; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the central light source simulation mechanism; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified structural diagram at point C; Figure 8 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a partial structure; Figure 9 for Figure 8 A magnified structural diagram at point D; Figure 10 for Figure 8 A magnified structural diagram at point E; Figure label: 1. Support base; 11. Experimental water tank; 12. Sample support device; 13. Concrete sample; 2. Water storage mechanism; 21. Water storage tank; 22. Drainage pump; 23. Inlet pipe; 24. Outlet pipe; 3. Light source simulation mechanism; 31. Arc-shaped guide rail; 32. Moving slide; 33. Guide rail roller; 34. Transmission toothed belt; 35. Gear; 36. Light source frame; 37. Ultraviolet lamp assembly; 38. Infrared lamp assembly; 39. Revolution drive motor; 4. Wind field simulation mechanism; 41. Horizontal support beam; 42. Circular guide rail; 43. Moving vehicle; 431. Vehicle guide wheel assembly; 44. Suspension arm; 45. Blower; 46. Adjusting hinge; 47. Locking knob 5. Button; 6. Wave-generating mechanism; 7. Gantry frame; 8. Bearing frame; 9. Extension end; 10. Drive source; 11. Pressure plate; 12. Mounting seat; 13. Rotating spindle; 14. First drive component; 15. Push seat; 16. Contact link; 17. Return spring; 18. Rotary shaft connecting lug; 19. Lower rocker arm link; 10. Wave-generating panel; 10. Rotating shaft; 11. Jet sand-spraying mechanism; 12. Second drive component; 13. Mounting frame; 14. Cylinder; 15. Piston rod; 16. Buffer spring; 17. Plunger head; 18. Pump head assembly; 19. Inlet check valve interface; 10. Hose; 10. Jet network; 11. Nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0019] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Reference Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a simulation device for the erosion of seawall concrete by seawater, which is used to simulate the comprehensive erosion effect of the marine environment on concrete revetment in a laboratory environment. The device mainly includes a support base 1, an experimental water tank 11, a sample support device 12, a water storage mechanism 2, a light source simulation mechanism 3, a wind field simulation mechanism 4, a wave generation mechanism 5, a jet sand blowing mechanism 6, and a PLC control system.

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the experimental water tank 11 is the main container for holding simulated seawater and concrete specimens. It is fixed on the support base 1. To simulate a real marine tidal environment, this embodiment has a water storage mechanism 2 on one side of the experimental water tank 11. The water storage mechanism 2 includes a water storage tank 21, a drainage pump 22, and matching inlet pipe 23 and outlet pipe 24. The water storage tank 21 is mounted on the ground, and the drainage pump 22 is installed between the water storage tank 21 and the experimental water tank 11 to facilitate the extraction and transportation of fluids. The water storage tank 21 integrates a salinity monitoring sensor (not shown in the figure) to monitor the salinity parameters of the simulated seawater in real time. One end of the inlet pipe 23 is connected to the bottom of the side wall of the experimental water tank 11, and the other end is connected to the interface of the drainage pump 22 to drain the water in the experimental water tank 11. One end of the outlet pipe 24 is connected to the output end of the drainage pump 22, and the other end is connected to the experimental water tank 11.

[0022] The drainage pump 22 is controlled by a PLC control system. When it is necessary to simulate high tide (water injection), the drainage pump 22 starts and pumps the water in the storage tank 21 into the experimental water tank 11 through the pipeline. When it is necessary to simulate low tide (drainage), the water is returned to the storage tank 21 through the water inlet pipe 23 connected at the bottom by switching the pipeline valve or reversing the pump. The system is configured to follow the preset tide curve program and periodically perform the above water injection or drainage actions, thereby simulating the alternating water level changes of high tide and low tide in the experimental water tank 11.

[0023] To simulate the aging effect of solar radiation on concrete, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, this device is equipped with a light source simulation mechanism 3, which includes an arc-shaped guide rail 31 spanning above the experimental water tank 11. The two ends of the arc-shaped guide rail 31 are respectively connected to the top of the two sides of the experimental water tank 11. The center of the trajectory circle of the arc-shaped guide rail 31 corresponds to the geometric center of the water surface. A transmission toothed belt 34 is laid on the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped guide rail 31. A movable slide 32 is provided in cooperation with the arc-shaped guide rail 31. The movable slide 32 is engaged with the arc-shaped guide rail 31 by guide rail rollers 33. A light source frame 36 is suspended and fixed at the bottom of the movable slide 32 by a bracket. A revolution drive motor 39 is fixedly installed on the movable slide 32. The output shaft of the revolution drive motor 39 is connected to a gear 35. The gear 35 and the transmission toothed belt 34 form a meshing transmission cooperation, thereby forming a climbing mechanism driven by the revolution drive motor 39.

[0024] A composite light source assembly is integrated on the side of the light source frame 36 facing the experimental water tank 11. The composite light source assembly includes an ultraviolet lamp group 37 and an infrared lamp group 38. The ultraviolet lamp group 37 is configured to emit high-intensity ultraviolet light to simulate the aging and erosion effect of photochemical reactions on the concrete surface. The infrared lamp group 38 is configured to generate directional radiant heat to simulate the temperature stress generated inside the concrete due to changes in solar temperature.

[0025] The PLC control system issues commands to control the rotation of the revolution drive motor 39, which drives the gear 35 to move up or down along the transmission belt 34, thereby driving the movable slide 32 and the light source frame 36 to reciprocate along the arc-shaped guide rail 31. This motion trajectory can simulate the changes in the angle of sunlight from sunrise to sunset throughout the day. With the synchronous activation of the composite light source, it realizes the realistic simulation of multiple environments such as dynamic light angle, ultraviolet erosion, and thermal radiation.

[0026] To simulate the variable wind field environment at sea, such as Figures 4-5 As shown, this device is also equipped with a wind field simulation mechanism 4. The wind field simulation mechanism 4 includes horizontal support beams 41 installed on both sides of the top of the experimental water tank 11. A surrounding guide rail 42 covering the water tank is connected to the horizontal support beams 41 on both sides. The surrounding guide rail 42 is formed by connecting straight sections and arc sections to form a waist-shaped closed loop structure. A mobile carrier 43 is installed on the surrounding guide rail 42. Specifically, the bottom of the mobile carrier 43 is provided with a carrier guide wheel assembly 431. The carrier guide wheel assembly 431 is inserted into the guide groove of the surrounding guide rail 42, so that the mobile carrier 43 can slide along the surrounding guide rail 42 without falling off. Two suspension arms 44 extend below the mobile carrier 43. A blower 45 is installed between the two suspension arms 44. The blower 45 is used to output a strong airflow to the water surface.

[0027] To simulate and flexibly adjust the wind direction, a damped friction type adjusting hinge 46 is used at the connection between the blower 45 and the suspension arm 44. Specifically, the bottom ends of the two suspension arms 44 are provided with coaxial mounting through holes (not shown in the figure). Rotary seats that cooperate with the mounting through holes are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the blower 45 housing. The locking knob 47 is designed as a hand-tightening bolt structure with an enlarged handle head, which includes a screw end and a handle end. During assembly, the screw end of the locking knob 47 passes horizontally through the mounting through hole on the suspension arm 44 and screws the thread into the internal thread hole of the rotating seat on the side of the blower 45, thereby movably connecting the suspension arm 44 and the blower 45.

[0028] When the operator needs to adjust the air attack angle, first loosen the screw by turning the locking knob 47 counterclockwise, causing the screw to move outward a small distance, thereby reducing the axial clamping force between the inner wall of the suspension arm 44 and the rotating seat of the blower 45. At this time, the blower 45 is in a low-damping state and can rotate steplessly between the two suspension arms 44 around the axis of the screw. The operator can then manually adjust the pitch angle of the air outlet to the preset experimental value.

[0029] After adjusting to the predetermined angle, tighten the locking knob 47 clockwise. As the screw is screwed in, the end face of the locking knob 47 applies axial pressure, forcing the inner wall of the suspension arm 44 to press tightly against the side of the rotating seat of the blower 45. By utilizing the huge axial static friction force generated between the two contact surfaces, the blower 45's own gravity torque and the wind reaction torque during operation are overcome, achieving rigid locking of the pitch attitude of the blower 45 and ensuring that the wind field angle remains stable and does not shift during the experiment.

[0030] like Figures 6-10 As shown, the wave-generating mechanism 5 is arranged inside the experimental water tank 11. In order to achieve the synchronization of multi-physics coupling simulation, the wave-generating mechanism 5 adopts a linkage drive form, which includes a drive source 54 and a rotating main shaft 57 driven by it. The drive source 54 is preferably a variable frequency motor. The rotating main shaft 57 serves as the power distribution center. A first drive member 58 and a second drive member 61 are keyed to the rotating main shaft 57. The first drive member 58 is constructed as a wave-generating drive cam and is configured to drive the main body movement of the wave-generating mechanism 5. The second drive member 61 is constructed as a sand-throwing drive cam and is configured to drive the jet sand-throwing mechanism 6 to generate high-pressure water flow.

[0031] To realistically simulate the natural conditions of sediment uplift accompanied by wave impact, this device has a pre-set action sequence at the mechanical structure level. Specifically, the first drive component 58 and the second drive component 61 are not arranged synchronously in the circumferential direction of the rotating main shaft 57, but are configured with a specific installation phase angle (i.e., action phase difference). When the drive source 54 drives the rotating main shaft 57 to rotate unidirectionally, based on the geometric characteristics of this phase difference, the raised contour of the second drive component 61 first contacts and triggers the jetting and sand-lifting mechanism 6 to perform the jetting action, which lifts the abrasive medium at the bottom. Subsequently, the raised contour of the first drive component 58 triggers the wave-generating mechanism 5 to perform the wave-generating action. This sequence achieves the coordination of sand lifting first and wave generation later, so that the abrasive medium at the bottom has entered a suspended state before the wave forms and impacts the sample, thereby simulating the seawater erosion conditions with sediment content.

[0032] The wave-generating mechanism 5 uses a gantry frame 51 fixedly installed inside the experimental water tank 11 as its basic framework, such as... Figures 7-9 As shown, a support frame 52 is bolted to the side of the gantry frame 51. The two ends of the support frame 52 are constructed with vertically upward extension ends 53. The drive source 54 is fixed to the side surface of one of the extension ends 53, thereby keeping it away from the water surface to ensure electrical safety. In order to ensure the smoothness of transmission, several mounting seats 56 are distributed and fixed along a straight line on the horizontal beam of the gantry frame 51. The rotating main shaft 57 is rotatably mounted in these mounting seats 56 to achieve stable rotational support.

[0033] like Figures 8-10 As shown, the wave-generating mechanism 5 in this embodiment is configured to convert rotational power into a pushing action on the water. Structurally, the wave-generating mechanism 5 also includes a transmission component and a wave-generating execution component.

[0034] Specifically, the transmission assembly includes a contact link 591 vertically fixed to the push base 59, a pressure plate 55 connected to the top of the contact link 591, and a return spring 510 sleeved on the contact link 591. The contact link 591 is provided as a plurality of links, the bottom end of which is fixed to the upper surface of the push base 59. The rod of the contact link 591 extends vertically upward and is movably inserted through the support frame 52. The pressure plate 55 is horizontally fixedly connected to the top of all the contact links 591, and the upper surface of the pressure plate 55 is configured to maintain contact with the contour surface of the wave-generating drive cam (i.e., the first drive member 58).

[0035] To ensure continuous contact, the return spring 510 is coaxially sleeved on the contact link 591, and the two ends of the return spring 510 abut against the bottom surface of the support frame 52 and the upper surface of the push seat 59, respectively. This structure utilizes the preload of the return spring 510 to always give the pressure plate 55 an upward movement tendency, thereby ensuring that it closely follows the contour of the wave-generating drive cam.

[0036] The wave-generating actuator includes a pusher seat 59 movably installed inside the gantry frame 51, two lower rocker arm connecting rods 512, a wave-generating panel 513, and a rotating shaft 514. Vertically extending guide channel steel (not shown in the figure) is fixed on both sides of the inner wall of the gantry frame 51. The two ends of the pusher seat 59 are slidably engaged in the slots of the guide channel steel, thereby restricting the pusher seat 59 to only move back and forth in the vertical direction. Rotary shaft connecting ears 511 are fixed at both ends of the bottom surface of the pusher seat 59 near one side. One end of the lower rocker arm connecting rod 512 is hinged to the rotary shaft connecting ear 511 through a pin, and the other end is hinged to the connecting ear (not shown in the figure) on the back of the wave-generating panel 513. The wave-generating panel 513 is in the water inside the experimental water tank 11. The wave-generating panel 513 is movably connected to the inner walls of the two vertical ends of the gantry frame 51 through the bottom horizontal rotating shaft 514, so that the wave-generating panel 513 can swing in a fan shape with the rotating shaft 514 as the fulcrum.

[0037] In actual wave-making operations, the rotating spindle 57 drives the first driving component 58 (wave-making driving cam) to rotate. When the cam's protruding section rotates to the bottom and contacts the pressure plate 55, the cam overcomes the elastic force of the return spring 510 and presses down the contact link 591 through the pressure plate 55, driving the pusher seat 59 to move vertically downward along the guide channel steel. At this time, the pusher seat 59 pushes down the rocker arm link 512 through the rotating shaft connecting lug 511, thereby forcing the wave-making panel 513 to deflect outward around the bottom rotating shaft 514, pushing the water to form wave crests.

[0038] When the cam rotates past its highest point, the return spring 510 releases the stored elastic potential energy, pushing the pusher seat 59 to return vertically upward. The pressure plate 55 then rises and presses against the return surface of the cam. At this time, the pusher seat 59 pulls the wave-making panel 513 to swing back and return to its original position through the lower rocker arm connecting rod 512, preparing for the next wave generation. This cycle repeats continuously to achieve continuous wave simulation.

[0039] like Figures 7-10 As shown, in order to simulate the abrasive environment of concrete caused by seawater mixed with silt, this device is equipped with a sand-spraying mechanism 6 at the bottom. The sand-spraying mechanism 6 is mainly composed of a mounting frame 62, a cylinder 63 and a pump head assembly 67. The mounting frame 62 is fixedly installed on the inner wall side of the experimental water tank 11 by bolts. The cylinder 63 is vertically fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the mounting frame 62. Its main body is divided into two mutually isolated functional areas. A piston rod 64 is movably installed inside the cylinder 63. The top end of the piston rod 64 extends upward out of the cylinder 63, and its bottom end is fixedly connected to a plunger head 66. The top end of the piston rod 64 contacts the rotation trajectory of the second driving member 61 (i.e., the sand-spraying driving cam) and is configured to receive the periodic downward pressing action of the second driving member 61.

[0040] To ensure smooth reset of the piston rod 64, a separate mounting cavity (not shown in the figure) is provided at the top of the cylinder 63. A buffer spring 65 is coaxially sleeved on the piston rod 64 in this mounting cavity. The piston rod 64 has a radially protruding limiting shoulder on the rod section located in the mounting cavity. One end of the buffer spring 65 abuts against the bottom of the inner wall of the mounting cavity, and the other end abuts against the upper surface of the limiting shoulder on the piston rod 64. The shoulder is located in the mounting cavity. The buffer spring 65 is configured to always apply an upward elastic preload to the piston rod 64. When the sand-spraying drive cam presses down the plunger head 66, the piston rod 64 moves down and compresses the buffer spring 65 to store energy. When the cam rotates through the maximum stroke and disengages from the head, the buffer spring 65 releases its elastic potential energy and quickly drives the piston rod 64 to spring back to reset.

[0041] The pump head assembly 67 is sealed and connected to the bottom of the cylinder 63 (i.e., the outlet of the lower pump chamber). It integrates a one-way valve group (not shown in the figure). One side of the pump head assembly 67 has an inlet one-way valve port 671, and the other side has an outlet one-way valve port (not shown in the figure). The inlet one-way valve port 671 is connected to a suction pipe that extends downwards and is submerged below the water surface of the experimental water tank 11, used to draw water when the piston moves upwards and resets to generate negative pressure. The outlet one-way valve port is connected via a hose 672 to a spray pipe network 68 laid on the bottom surface inside the experimental water tank 11. The spray pipe network 68 is a grid or multiple parallel rows, with several upward-facing nozzles 69 evenly distributed along its pipes. During the experimental preparation phase, these nozzles 69 were covered under the abrasive media layer such as quartz sand deposited at the bottom of the tank. When the piston moved down and generated a high-pressure water flow, the water flow was sprayed upward at high speed through the nozzles 69, which forcefully lifted the abrasive media above, forming a turbid erosive environment.

[0042] In order to obtain erosion data of concrete revetment under different elevation environments in a single experiment, this device is equipped with a sample support device 12. The sample support device 12 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface inside the experimental water tank 11 and is positioned away from the wave-generating mechanism 5 (i.e., the wave-facing side of the simulated seawall). The overall structure of the sample support device 12 is a stepped raised pad device, and its material is preferably a corrosion-resistant material with high load-bearing capacity. The sample support device 12 has several horizontal step surfaces of different heights, which are staggered along the height direction and are configured to place and fix the concrete sample 13.

[0043] To simulate a real marine vertical zonation environment, the height of each step surface of the sample support device 12 is designed based on the highest and lowest tidal water level lines set by the water storage mechanism 2 and the wave height range generated by the wave-generating mechanism 5, and is specifically divided into the following three functional areas: The fully submerged zone is located at the bottom of the device. The height of this stepped surface is below the lowest water level of the simulated tide. The concrete sample 13 in this zone is always completely submerged in seawater containing abrasive media, regardless of whether the experiment is during high or low tide, to simulate the long-term immersion of the seawall foundation in seawater and the abrasion of silt in deep water.

[0044] The tidal variation zone is located in the middle of the device. The height of the stepped surface is between the lowest and highest water level lines of the simulated tide. The concrete sample 13 in this area experiences a wet-dry cycle of submersion and exposure as the water level rises and falls periodically with the control of the drainage pump 22. This is used to simulate the combined erosion conditions of the intertidal zone of the seawall under wet-dry cycles, salt crystallization, and direct wave impact.

[0045] The splash zone is located at the top of the device. The height of this step surface is higher than the highest water level of the simulated tide, but it is within the splash range of the waves generated by the wave-generating mechanism 5. The concrete sample 13 in this area does not usually come into contact with the still water surface, but it will be frequently impacted by the splashes and water mist when the waves break. It is used to simulate the working conditions of the seawall or superstructure being subjected to splashes, chloride ion penetration and strong oxidation corrosion.

[0046] Working principle: Before the experiment, concrete samples 13 are installed on the various steps of the sample support device 12. The stepped structure is divided according to the vertical zones of the ocean. The bottom fully submerged zone is below the lowest tide line to simulate the erosion of the seawall foundation by silt in deep water. The middle tidal fluctuation zone is between the highest and lowest tide lines to simulate the wet-dry cycle of the intertidal zone. The top splash zone is above the highest tide line to simulate the splashing of waves and chloride ion penetration. After the sample is placed, the PLC control system is started. The water storage mechanism 2 controls the drainage pump 22 to operate according to the preset program, so that the water level in the experimental water tank 11 is periodically adjusted between the fully submerged zone and the splash zone. At the same time, the light source simulation mechanism 3 drives the light source frame 36 to simulate the trajectory of the sun along the arc guide rail 31, and applies photothermal aging to the sample in conjunction with the ultraviolet and infrared lamp group 38. The wind field simulation mechanism 4 transports the blower to the designated position and locks the wind angle of attack through the mobile carrier to apply continuous wind load to the water surface.

[0047] Then, the drive source 54 is started to drive the rotating spindle 57 to rotate continuously in one direction. By using the preset mechanical installation phase difference on the shaft, the action sequence of first raising sand and then creating waves is forced. The specific process is as follows: In the first half of the rotation cycle, the sand-lifting drive cam (second drive component 61) first contacts and presses down the plunger head 66, driving the piston rod 64 to overcome the resistance of the buffer spring 65 and move downward, forcing the pump head assembly 67 to press the high-pressure water flow into the bottom spray pipe network 68, which is then sprayed upward at high speed through the nozzle 69, forcefully stirring up the abrasive medium covered at the bottom of the tank, causing it to instantly form a high-concentration suspended turbid liquid in the water. Then, in the second half of the rotation cycle, when the turbidity of the water reaches its peak, the wave-generating drive cam (first drive component 58) immediately presses down the pressure plate 55, driving the wave-generating panel 513 to deflect around the rotating shaft 514 through the transmission component, pushing the water to form waves. This timing design ensures that when the waves are generated and move forward, the water has fully carried the suspended abrasive medium, thus forming sand-containing waves with high kinetic energy and strong abrasiveness.

[0048] As the rotating spindle 57 continues to rotate in one direction, after the second drive member 61 (sand-spraying drive cam) and the first drive member 58 (wave-making drive cam) have successively passed the maximum lift position of their cam profiles, they enter the reset stroke. At this time, the downward pressure is no longer restricted, and the buffer spring 65 in the sand-spraying mechanism 6 and the reset spring 510 in the wave-making mechanism 5 release their accumulated elastic potential energy. The buffer spring 65 pushes the piston rod 64 to rebound upward, causing a negative pressure to be generated inside the pump head assembly 67. External water is then drawn in through the water inlet check valve interface 671, completing the water suction reset. At the same time, the reset spring 510 pushes the pusher seat 59 vertically along the guide trajectory. The wave generator is reset upwards, and the wave-generating panel 513 is pulled back and swung around the rotating shaft 514 by the lower rocker arm linkage 512 to reset, so as to generate water-pushing waves. This process is repeated continuously. With the support of the directional wind field output by the wind field simulation mechanism 4, the waves containing suspended abrasive media continuously and directionally impact the stepped concrete sample 13 fixed on the sample support device 12, producing differentiated erosion effects. This operation mode, which highly couples hydrodynamic impact, solid particle abrasion, chemical corrosion and environmental wind and light aging in time and space, realistically and acceleratedly simulates the complex erosion process faced by seawall revetment concrete in the entire marine life cycle.

[0049] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation device for seawater erosion of seawall revetment concrete, characterized in that, include: Experimental water tank (11) is used to contain water and abrasive media; The sample support device (12) is installed inside the experimental water tank (11) and is used to support the concrete sample; A wave-generating mechanism (5) is installed inside the experimental water tank (11) to disturb the water and generate waves; The jetting and sand-raising mechanism (6) is located at the bottom of the experimental water tank (11) and is used to jet fluid into the water to raise the abrasive medium. The linkage drive mechanism includes a drive source (54) and a rotating spindle (57) driven by it. The rotating spindle (57) is provided with a first drive member (58) for driving the wave-making mechanism (5) and a second drive member (61) for driving the jet sand-spraying mechanism (6). There is an action phase difference between the first drive member (58) and the second drive member (61), such that when the rotating spindle (57) rotates, the second drive member (61) drives the jet sand-spraying mechanism (6) to perform the jetting action first, and the first drive member (58) then drives the wave-making mechanism (5) to perform the wave-making action.

2. The simulation device for seawater erosion of seawall concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving component (58) is a wave-generating driving cam, which is fixedly sleeved on the rotating main shaft (57). The wave-generating mechanism (5) includes a gantry frame (51) fixedly installed in the experimental water tank (11), a pusher seat (59) movably installed on the gantry frame (51), and a wave-generating panel (513) in the water. The wave-generating panel (513) is movably connected to the gantry frame (51) through a bottom horizontal rotating shaft (514). The pusher seat (59) is configured to receive the rotational action of the wave-generating driving cam and generate a vertical reciprocating motion along the gantry frame (51). The pusher seat (59) is connected to the wave-generating panel (513) in a transmission connection and is configured to drive the wave-generating panel (513) to swing in a fan shape around the rotating shaft (514) when the pusher seat (59) moves vertically downward.

3. The simulation device for seawater erosion of seawall concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner walls of the gantry (51) are fixed with vertically extending guide channels. The two ends of the pusher seat (59) are slidably engaged in the guide channels. The wave-generating mechanism (5) also includes a support frame (52) fixed on the gantry (51), a contact link (591) vertically fixed on the pusher seat (59), a pressure plate (55) connected to the top of the contact link (591), and a return spring (510) sleeved on the contact link (591). The contact link (591) vertically moves through the support frame. (52) and connected to the pressure plate (55), the contour surface of the wave-generating drive cam is in contact with the pressure plate (55), the two ends of the return spring (510) are respectively connected between the bottom surface of the support frame (52) and the upper surface of the push seat (59), the transmission connection structure between the push seat (59) and the wave-generating panel (513) is a lower rocker arm connecting rod (512), one end of the lower rocker arm connecting rod (512) is movably connected to the push seat (59), and the other end is movably connected to the wave-generating panel (513).

4. The simulation device for seawater erosion of seawall concrete according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support frame (52) has upwardly extending ends (53) at both ends. The drive source (54) is fixedly installed on the side of one of the extension ends (53). The side of the gantry frame (51) is also fixed with several mounting seats (56). The rotating spindle (57) is rotatably supported on the mounting seats (56). The bottom surface of the push seat (59) is fixed with rotating shaft connecting ears (511) at both ends. One end of the lower rocker arm connecting rod (512) is hinged to the rotating shaft connecting ear (511) through a pin.

5. The simulation device for seawater erosion of seawall concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that: The jet sand-throwing mechanism (6) includes a mounting frame (62), a cylinder (63), and a pump head assembly (67). The mounting frame (62) is fixed to the inner wall of the experimental water tank (11). The second driving component (61) is a sand-throwing driving cam. A piston rod (64) is provided inside the cylinder (63). The top end of the piston rod (64) extends to the outside of the cylinder (63) and is connected to a plunger head (66). The plunger head (66) is located below the rotation trajectory of the sand-throwing driving cam. An installation cavity is provided inside the cylinder (63). A buffer spring (65) is sleeved on the piston rod (64). The buffer spring (65) is configured to provide a reset force after the sand-throwing driving cam disengages from the plunger head (66).

6. The simulation device for seawater erosion of seawall revetment concrete according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pump head assembly (67) is connected to the bottom of the cylinder (63). The pump head assembly (67) has an inlet check valve interface (671) on one side and an outlet check valve interface on the other side. The inlet check valve interface (671) extends through a pipeline to below the water surface of the experimental water tank (11). The jet sand-lifting mechanism (6) also includes a jet network (68) connected to the outlet check valve interface through a hose (672). The jet network (68) is laid at the bottom of the experimental water tank (11). Several nozzles (69) are evenly distributed on the jet network (68). The nozzles (69) are arranged facing upward and located at the bottom of the experimental water tank (11). They are configured to be covered by abrasive media and to flush up quartz sand to form a turbid liquid through high-pressure water flow.

7. The simulation device for seawater erosion of seawall concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a light source simulation mechanism (3), which includes an arc-shaped guide rail (31) spanning above the experimental water tank (11). The two ends of the arc-shaped guide rail (31) are respectively fixed to the two sides of the experimental water tank (11). A movable slide (32) is slidably installed on the arc-shaped guide rail (31). The movable slide (32) is engaged with the arc-shaped guide rail (31) by a guide rail roller (33). A transmission toothed belt (34) is laid along the arc of the arc-shaped guide rail (31). A revolution drive motor (39) is fixed on the movable slide (32). The output shaft of the revolution drive motor (39) is connected to a gear (35). The gear (35) meshes with the transmission toothed belt (34) and is configured to drive the movable slide (32) to simulate the celestial orbit of the sun along the arc-shaped guide rail (31).

8. The simulation device for seawater erosion of seawall concrete according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the movable slide (32) is suspended by a light source frame (36). The side of the light source frame (36) facing the inside of the experimental water tank (11) is equipped with an ultraviolet lamp group (37) and an infrared lamp group (38). The ultraviolet lamp group (37) is used to simulate the aging effect of ultraviolet rays in sunlight on concrete, and the infrared lamp group (38) is used to simulate the temperature stress generated by solar radiation heat on concrete.

9. The simulation device for seawater erosion of seawall concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a wind field simulation mechanism (4), which includes horizontal support beams (41) installed on both sides of the top of the experimental water tank (11). A surrounding guide rail (42) covering the water tank is connected to the horizontal support beams (41) on both sides. The surrounding guide rail (42) is a waist-shaped closed-loop structure composed of straight and arc segments. A mobile carrier (43) is installed on the surrounding guide rail (42). The mobile carrier (43) is engaged with the surrounding guide rail (42) via a carrier guide wheel assembly (431). Inside the groove, a blower (45) is connected to the bottom of the mobile vehicle (43) via two suspension arms (44). The blower (45) is connected to the two suspension arms (44) via an adjusting hinge (46). The adjusting hinge (46) is equipped with a locking knob (47). It is configured to simulate the wind field at different positions on the water surface by moving the mobile vehicle (43) around, and to adjust the pitch angle of the blower (45) by the adjusting hinge (46) and lock the adjustment angle by the locking knob (47).

10. The simulation device for seawater erosion of seawall concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample support device (12) is a pad device fixed to the bottom of the experimental water tank (11), which has several steps of different heights to support the concrete sample (13) in the fully submerged zone, the tidal zone and the splash zone respectively.

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