A local smoke and aerosol trapping filter device

Abstract

This invention discloses a localized smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device, relating to the field of air purification technology. It includes a housing with an air inlet on one side and a directional outlet on the other side. A filter assembly is disposed within the housing, downstream of the air inlet, and an airflow generating structure is also disposed within the housing. This invention achieves efficient capture of smoke, aerosols, and particulate matter near the emission source by using an air inlet covering the lower surface of the housing, a filter assembly with an area greater than half the cross-sectional area of ​​the housing, and a directional outlet extending partially circumferentially. The treated air is then directionally discharged, avoiding interference with the localized capture area. Furthermore, it offers advantages such as compact structure, portability, ease of maintenance, and wide applicability, effectively solving the technical problems existing in current air purification devices regarding near-source capture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air purification technology, specifically to a localized smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device. Background Technology

[0002] In daily life, smoke, exhaled smoke, cigar smoke, cigarette smoke, incense smoke, odorous vapors, aerosol particles, and other localized air emissions can quickly spread into surrounding rooms or localized environments. Once dispersed, these pollutants are more difficult to effectively capture with ordinary indoor air purifiers because they primarily rely on overall ambient air circulation rather than direct capture at or near the emission source.

[0003] Currently, there are various air handling units on the market, but most are configured for room-scale purification rather than near-source air capture. While some compact units are small in size, they often have the following shortcomings:

[0004] First, many devices use limited side air inlets, ashtray-like bowl-shaped structures, top inlets, narrow filters, or highly localized suction ports. Such configurations cannot form a sufficiently wide capture area facing the source, require precise positioning of the emission source, and also result in uneven loading of the filter material and an inability to fully capture smoke or aerosol plumes released from different locations or angles.

[0005] Second, some compact devices discharge exhaust upwards, downwards, symmetrically, or in a non-directional manner. These discharge patterns are prone to interfering with local suction, disturbing the incoming plume, or causing recirculation near the discharge source, thereby reducing the actual capture efficiency.

[0006] Third, existing small devices typically provide only a small effective filtration area, which can easily lead to increased pressure drop, increased fan noise, increased energy consumption, and excessive local filter media load, while also shortening the filter element's lifespan.

[0007] Therefore, there is a need to design a compact, portable, and practical local smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the above-mentioned technologies.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a localized smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device, comprising: a housing, wherein an air inlet is provided on one side of the housing and a directional outlet is provided on the other side; a filter assembly disposed within the housing and located downstream of the air inlet, wherein the filter assembly is a bottom-area filter stack with an area greater than half the cross-sectional area of ​​the housing; an airflow generating structure disposed within the housing; and an upper flow cavity disposed downstream of the filter assembly; wherein the filter assembly includes one or more of the following arranged from bottom to top: a pre-filtration layer, a particulate matter filter layer, an adsorption layer, a functional treatment layer, and a support layer; wherein the adsorption layer is an activated carbon layer, an impregnated carbon layer, a zeolite layer, a porous ceramic layer, or a treated fiber media layer; and wherein the functional treatment layer is a catalytic layer, a photocatalytic layer, an antimicrobial layer, a deodorizing layer, a reactive layer, a neutralizing layer, or an electrostatic layer.

[0010] In addition, the local smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device proposed according to the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0011] Furthermore, the housing is one of the following shapes: disc-shaped, dome-shaped, hemispherical, capsule-shaped, elliptical, pill-shaped, or pod-shaped, and its width is greater than its height. The air inlet covers the lower surface of the housing, and the directional outlet is opened on the side wall of the housing and extends along part of its circumference. The directional outlet is located at the joint between the upper and lower parts of the housing, and an upwardly arranged guide shell is detachably provided on the housing located at the directional outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, a recessed air intake cavity is provided above the air intake, and the recessed air intake cavity has a concave, stepped, smooth curved, ribbed, annular, or funnel-shaped structure.

[0013] Furthermore, a source-delay support structure is provided on one side of the housing, and the source-delay support structure is a support leg, guide rail, rib, spacer, support ring, bracket or support frame.

[0014] Furthermore, the filter assembly is detachably installed inside the housing, and the airflow generating structure is located above, below, inside, or adjacent to the upper flow cavity.

[0015] Furthermore, the airflow generating structure is one or more of the following: axial fan, centrifugal blower, radial impeller, mixed flow fan, crossflow fan, annular induction structure, or air multiplier structure.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a power interface and a power supply battery, wherein the power interface is located on the side of the housing; the power supply battery is located inside the housing; the power interface is a USB interface, a magnetic charging interface, a wireless charging interface, or an AC power supply interface, and the power supply battery is a rechargeable battery, a replaceable battery, or a dock-powered battery.

[0017] Furthermore, the air inlet is composed of multiple first filter holes, and the bottom of the housing has an insertion hole and an annular groove. The bottom of the housing is provided with an adjustment structure, including: an adjustment rod, a filter plate, a knob, and an annular bar. The adjustment rod is axially connected to the insertion hole; the filter plate is fixedly mounted on the adjustment rod and fits against the bottom of the housing, and the filter plate has multiple second filter holes, each corresponding to one of the first filter holes; the knob is located at the bottom of the filter plate and is coaxial with the adjustment rod; the annular bar is located at the top of the filter plate and engages in the annular groove.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of the present invention provides a method for capturing and filtering localized smoke and aerosols applied to the first aspect, comprising: orienting the air inlet of the device toward a localized smoke, aerosol, vapor, odor, or particulate matter plume; operating an airflow generating structure to draw in contaminated air through the air inlet and pass it through the filter assembly; and discharging the treated air from the directional outlet in a direction away from the localized plume; wherein the localized plume is discharged from the user's mouth area during exhalation, or from a smoking product, or from a localized emission source placed on a support surface.

[0019] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of the present invention provides a replaceable filter element for use in the first aspect, comprising: a filter assembly configured to be detachably disposed within the housing of the device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, receiving contaminated air from the air inlet and discharging filtered air to the directional outlet; the filter assembly comprising one or more of a pre-filter layer, a particulate filter layer, an adsorption layer, a functional treatment layer, and a support layer, wherein the adsorption layer is an activated carbon layer, an impregnated carbon layer, a zeolite layer, a porous ceramic layer, or a treated fiber media layer, and the functional treatment layer is a catalytic layer, a photocatalytic layer, an antimicrobial layer, a deodorizing layer, a reactive layer, a neutralizing layer, or an electrostatic layer.

[0020] This invention provides a localized smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device. Through an air inlet covering the lower surface of the housing, a filter component with an area larger than half the cross-sectional area of ​​the housing, and a directional outlet extending along a portion of the circumference, it achieves efficient capture of smoke, aerosols, and particulate matter near the emission source and directional discharge of the treated air, avoiding interference with the localized capture area. It also has the advantages of compact structure, portability, easy maintenance, and wide applicability, effectively solving the technical problems existing in the near-source capture of existing air purification devices. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a local smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another local smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional internal schematic diagram of a local smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is an exploded perspective view of a local smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is an exploded three-dimensional structural diagram of the filter assembly of a local smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is an exploded perspective view of the adjustment structure of a local smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 (a, b, c) is a schematic diagram of the usage state of a local smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] As shown in the figure:

[0030] 1. Housing; 11. Air inlet; 12. Directional outlet; 13. Recessed air inlet chamber; 14. Off-source support structure; 15. Guide shell; 16. Insertion hole; 17. Annular groove; 18. Adjustment structure; 181. Adjustment rod; 182. Filter plate; 183. Knob; 184. Annular bar; 2. Filter assembly; 21. Pre-filter layer; 22. Particulate matter filter layer; 23. Adsorption layer; 24. Functional processing layer; 25. Support layer; 3. Airflow generation structure; 4. Upper flow chamber; 5. Power interface; 6. Power supply battery. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, with examples of the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, describes a localized smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 7, a local smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a housing 1, a filter assembly 2, and an airflow generating structure 3.

[0035] The housing 1 has an air inlet 11 on one side and a directional outlet 12 on the other side. The filter assembly 2 is installed inside the housing 1 and located downstream of the air inlet 11. The airflow generating structure 3 is installed inside the housing 1.

[0036] In this embodiment, the device is a portable, desktop, handheld, bracket-supported, mounted, or semi-fixed device, which can be configured in various usage forms, including but not limited to: it can be carried and held by the user, placed on a desktop, tabletop, or other supporting surface, supported by a bracket or other structure, fixedly installed on a wall, furniture, or vehicle, or temporarily fixed in a semi-fixed manner (such as magnetic attraction, snap-fit, etc.).

[0037] It should be noted that the shell 1 is one of the following shapes: disc-shaped, dome-shaped, hemispherical, capsule-shaped, elliptical, pill-shaped, or pod-shaped, and its width is greater than its height. The air inlet 11 covers the lower surface of the shell 1, so that polluted air can enter the device from the entire bottom.

[0038] Specifically, the directional outlet 12 is opened on the side wall of the housing 1 and extends along part of its circumference. The directional outlet 12 is located at the joint between the upper and lower parts of the housing 1 and is used to directionally discharge the air treated by the filter assembly 2 in a direction away from the local emission source. The housing 1 located at the directional outlet 12 is detachably provided with an upwardly arranged guide shell 15 to directionally discharge the purified air and avoid interference.

[0039] More specifically, a magnetic block (not shown in the figure) is provided on the side wall of the housing 1, and a magnetic block frame (not shown in the figure) is provided on the guide housing 15. The guide housing 15 is detachably mounted on the housing 1 through the magnetic block frame and the magnetic block magnetically attracted to each other.

[0040] As other possible configurations, the directional outlet 12 may also be configured as a slot outlet, louvered outlet, perforated outlet, segmented outlet, curved outlet, or arc-shaped outlet. The directional outlet 12 may also include louvers, guide vanes, diffusers, baffles, dampers, or exhaust shaping structures to influence the direction, velocity, diffusion range, noise, or recirculation behavior of the exhaust airflow.

[0041] As one possible scenario, the range of the directional outlet 12 is, for example, 30° to 270°.

[0042] It should be noted that a recessed air intake chamber 13 is provided above the air intake 11, and the recessed air intake chamber 13 is a concave, stepped, smooth curved, ribbed, annular or funnel-shaped structure, used to collect and guide the polluted air entering through the air intake 11, so that it is evenly distributed to the filter assembly 2.

[0043] It should be noted that a source-free support structure 14 is provided on one side of the housing 1 to maintain an airflow gap between the air inlet 11 and the support surface or local emission source, and the source-free support structure 14 is a support leg, guide rail, rib, spacer, leg, support ring, bracket or bracket.

[0044] It should be noted that the air inlet 11 is composed of multiple first filter holes, and the bottom of the housing 1 is provided with an insertion hole 16 and an annular groove 17. The bottom of the housing 1 is provided with an adjustment structure 18 to indirectly adjust the flow rate of the air inlet 11, thereby adapting to smoke sources at near and far distances.

[0045] The adjustment structure 18 includes: an adjustment rod 181, a filter plate 182, a knob 183, and an annular bar 184.

[0046] The adjusting rod 181 is axially connected to the insertion hole 16. The filter plate 182 is fixedly mounted on the adjusting rod 181 and fits against the bottom of the housing 1. The filter plate 182 has multiple second filter holes, which correspond to each first filter hole. The knob 183 is located at the bottom of the filter plate 182 and is coaxial with the adjusting rod 181. The annular strip 184 is located at the top of the filter plate 182 and is engaged in the annular groove 17.

[0047] Specifically, when it is necessary to adjust the aperture of each of the first filter holes, turn the knob 183, which will cause the filter plate 182 and the annular bar 184 to rotate along the annular groove 17, thereby adjusting the overlapping area between the second filter hole and the first filter hole.

[0048] More specifically, with the rotation speed of the airflow generating structure 3 remaining constant, reducing the aperture of the first filter hole will significantly increase the airflow speed and create a stronger local negative pressure, which will pull the smoke from a distance like a "straw". Increasing the aperture of the first filter hole can reduce the air intake speed and prevent the suction from being too strong and directly sucking in the burning cigarette butt sparks or light ash. At the same time, it can also reduce the excessive disturbance of the airflow to the smoke column.

[0049] It should be noted that the annular strip 184 is made of rubber, which increases the friction between it and the annular groove 17, thereby preventing it from rotating when the knob 183 is not operated.

[0050] Preferably, a metal flame arrestor mesh (not shown in the figure) is provided on the filter plate 182 to prevent burning cigarette butts or sparks from entering the housing 1.

[0051] As another possible configuration, the air intake 11 may include a grille, a perforated plate, a mesh, a honeycomb array, a slotted array, an annular array, or a combination thereof, and the corresponding second filter hole may be the same as that of the air intake 11.

[0052] It should be noted that the filter assembly 2 is a bottom area filter stack, and its area is greater than half of the cross-sectional area of ​​the housing 1, so that polluted air passes through the thickness of the filter assembly 2 over a wide area.

[0053] Specifically, the bottom area filter stack is formed by the filter component 2 extending along the bottom surface of the air inlet 11, and its effective filter projection area is greater than half of the effective air intake area projection area at the bottom of the housing 1.

[0054] Specifically, the filter assembly 2 includes one or more of the following: a pre-filter layer 21, a particulate filter layer 22, an adsorption layer 23, a functional processing layer 24, and a support layer 25.

[0055] More specifically, the pre-filter layer 21 is used to capture larger particles, lint, hair and ash fragments, the particulate filter layer 22 is used to capture smaller particles, including smoke particles and fine airborne particles, the adsorption layer 23 is used to reduce odors and volatile organic compounds, the functional treatment layer 24 is used to further decompose residual pollutants, and the support layer 25 is used to support and stabilize the above layers.

[0056] More specifically, the adsorption layer 23 is an activated carbon layer, an impregnated carbon layer, a zeolite layer, a porous ceramic layer, or a treated fiber medium layer, and the functional treatment layer 24 is a catalytic layer, a photocatalytic layer, an antimicrobial layer, a deodorizing layer, a reactive layer, a neutralizing layer, or an electrostatic layer.

[0057] It should be noted that the filter assembly 2 is detachably installed inside the housing 1 for easy replacement or cleaning. Downstream of the filter assembly 2 is an upper flow chamber 4, which is used to collect the air treated by the filter assembly 2 and guide it to the directional outlet 12. The airflow generating structure 3 is located above, below, inside or adjacent to the upper flow chamber 4, and is used to generate airflow so that polluted air is drawn in through the air inlet 11 and passes through the filter assembly 2.

[0058] Specifically, a filter element frame is provided on the inner wall of the housing 1, and the filter element frame includes one or more of the following: edge, gasket, seal, spacer, handle, pull tab, locking structure, bayonet structure, bonding structure, anti-reverse installation structure or positioning structure. The filter assembly 2 is detachably installed in the housing 1 through the filter element frame.

[0059] Specifically, the airflow generating structure 3 is one or more of the following: axial fan, centrifugal blower, radial impeller, mixed flow fan, crossflow fan, annular induction structure, or air multiplier structure.

[0060] As one possibility, multiple airflow generating structures 3 are provided and arranged in the radial or circumferential direction.

[0061] Preferably, the bottom of the housing 1 and the directional outlet 12 are respectively provided with rotatable covers (not shown in the figure) to physically block the air inlet 11 and the directional outlet 12 from being exposed for a long time, thereby reducing the service life of the present invention.

[0062] An embodiment of the present invention provides a localized smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device, which further includes a power interface 5 and a power supply battery 6.

[0063] The power interface 5 is located on the side of the housing 1 and is used to connect to an external power source. The power supply battery 6 is located inside the housing 1 and is electrically connected to the power interface 5. It is used to power the airflow generating structure 3 and other electronic components. The power interface 5 is a USB interface, a magnetic charging interface, a wireless charging interface, or an AC power supply interface. The power supply battery 6 is a rechargeable battery, a replaceable battery, or a base-powered battery.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] This embodiment provides a method for localized smoke and aerosol capture and filtration, applied to the device described in Embodiment 1. The method includes the following steps:

[0066] Orient the device’s air inlet 11 toward a localized plume of smoke, aerosol, vapor, odor, or particulate matter.

[0067] The airflow generating structure 3 operates so that polluted air is drawn in through the air inlet 11 and passes through the filter assembly 2.

[0068] The treated air is discharged from directional outlet 12 in a direction away from the local plume.

[0069] Specific use cases are as follows:

[0070] Scenario 1: When the user exhales smoke from the mouth area, the device is placed near the mouth so that the air inlet 11 faces the exhaled plume. The polluted air enters from the air inlet 11, is guided by the recessed air inlet chamber 13, passes through the filter assembly 2, is collected by the upper flow chamber 4, and is driven by the airflow generating structure 3 to be discharged from the directional outlet 12 in a direction away from the emission source.

[0071] Scenario 2: When using a smoking product, place the device above the smoking product so that the smoke plume enters from the air inlet 11. The smoking product includes cigarettes, cigars, incense sticks, heated tobacco products, or products that produce vapor.

[0072] Scenario 3: When using other local emission sources, place the device on the support surface so that the emission source is below the air inlet 11.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] This embodiment provides a replaceable filter cartridge for a localized smoke and aerosol capture device.

[0075] The replaceable filter includes a filter assembly 2, which is configured to be detachably disposed within the housing 1 of the device of Embodiment 1, receiving contaminated air from the air inlet 11 and discharging filtered air to the directional outlet 12.

[0076] The replaceable filter element is a washable or refillable filter element, meaning that after the filter assembly 2 reaches the end of its service life, it can be removed from the housing 1, cleaned or refilled, and then reinstalled for use.

[0077] Specifically, replaceable filter elements can be disc-shaped, ring-shaped, curved, segmented, tray-based, or filter element-based.

[0078] Specifically, the replaceable filter element also includes a frame, edges, gaskets, seals, spacers, handles, pull tabs, locking structures, bayonet structures, bonding structures, or positioning structures configured to position, seal, or retain the replaceable filter element within the housing.

[0079] The replaceable filter element can be removed from the housing 1 and replaced with a new one after the filter assembly 2 has reached the end of its service life.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that this device also includes a sensor, a controller, and optional control components, indicator lights, a wireless connection module, or a filter life monitoring module (not shown in the figure). The sensor is a smoke sensor or a particulate sensor, used to detect the presence of local smoke or aerosol plumes. The controller automatically controls the operating speed of the airflow generating structure 3 according to the sensor's detection signal: when smoke or aerosol plumes are detected, the controller controls the airflow generating structure 3 to operate in high-speed mode to enhance suction power; when no plume is detected, the controller controls the airflow generating structure 3 to operate in low-speed mode or silent mode to reduce suction power, thereby saving energy and reducing noise. The control components are used for users to manually operate the device, the indicator lights are used to display the device's working status, the wireless connection module is used to communicate with external devices, and the filter life monitoring module is used to monitor the service life of the filter assembly 2.

[0082] As other possibilities, the sensor may also be a volatile organic compound sensor, an odor sensor, a proximity sensor, an airflow sensor, a pressure sensor, or a filter life sensor. The controller may also control the airflow generating structure 3 to operate in medium speed mode, enhanced mode, automatic mode, timed mode, or sensor response mode.

[0083] Specifically, the working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0084] When in use, direct the air inlet 11 of this device toward a localized plume of smoke, aerosol, vapor, odor, or particulate matter.

[0085] like Figure 1 , Figure 4As shown in Figure 7(a), when the user exhales smoke from the mouth area, the device can be placed near the mouth so that the air inlet 11 faces the exhaled plume. The polluted air enters from the air inlet 11, is guided through the recessed air inlet chamber 13, passes through the filter assembly 2, is collected by the upper flow chamber 4, and is driven by the airflow generating structure 3 to be discharged from the directional outlet 12 in a direction away from the emission source.

[0086] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown in Figure 7(b), when using a smoking product, this device can be placed above the smoking product so that the smoke plume enters from the air inlet 11.

[0087] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown in Figure 7(c), when using other local emission sources, this device can be placed on a support surface so that the emission source is located below the air inlet 11, which can also achieve near-source capture and directional emission.

[0088] In summary, the local smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention, through an air inlet 11 covering the lower surface of the housing 1, a filter component 2 with an area greater than half the cross-sectional area of ​​the housing 1, and a directional outlet 12 extending in part of the circumference, achieves efficient capture of smoke, aerosols, and particulate matter near the emission source and directional discharge of the treated air, avoiding interference with the local capture area. It also has the advantages of compact structure, portability, easy maintenance, and wide applicability, effectively solving the technical problems existing in the near-source capture of existing air purification devices.

[0089] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0090] In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0091] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0092] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A localized smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device, characterized in that, include: The housing (1) has an air inlet (11) on one side and a directional outlet (12) on the other side. A filter assembly (2) is disposed inside the housing (1) and located downstream of the air inlet (11), and the filter assembly (2) is a bottom area filter stack with an area greater than half the cross-sectional area of ​​the housing (1); An airflow generating structure (3) is disposed inside the housing (1); The upper flow chamber (4) is located downstream of the filter assembly (2); The filter assembly (2) includes one or more of the following arranged from bottom to top: a pre-filter layer (21), a particulate filter layer (22), an adsorption layer (23), a functional processing layer (24), and a support layer (25); The adsorption layer (23) is an activated carbon layer, an impregnated carbon layer, a zeolite layer, a porous ceramic layer, or a treated fiber medium layer, and the functional treatment layer (24) is a catalytic layer, a photocatalytic layer, an antimicrobial layer, a deodorizing layer, a reactive layer, a neutralizing layer, or an electrostatic layer.

2. The localized smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (1) is one of the following: disc-shaped, dome-shaped, hemispherical, capsule-shaped, elliptical, pill-shaped, or pod-shaped, and its width is greater than its height. The air inlet (11) covers the lower surface of the housing (1). The directional outlet (12) is opened on the side wall of the housing (1) and extends along part of its circumference. The directional outlet (12) is located at the joint between the upper and lower parts of the housing (1). A guide shell (15) is detachably provided on the housing (1) located at the directional outlet (12) and arranged upward.

3. The localized smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A recessed air intake cavity (13) is provided above the air intake port (11), and the recessed air intake cavity (13) is a concave, stepped, smooth curved, ribbed, annular or funnel-shaped structure.

4. The localized smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A source-depleting support structure (14) is provided on one side of the housing (1), and the source-depleting support structure (14) is a foot, guide rail, rib, spacer, leg, support ring, bracket or support.

5. The localized smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter assembly (2) is detachably installed inside the housing (1), and the airflow generating structure (3) is located above, below, inside or adjacent to the upper flow cavity (4).

6. The localized smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airflow generating structure (3) is one or more of the following: axial fan, centrifugal blower, radial impeller, mixed flow fan, crossflow fan, annular induction structure or air multiplier structure.

7. The localized smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a power interface (5) and a power supply battery (6), wherein, The power interface (5) is located on the side of the housing (1); The power supply battery (6) is disposed inside the housing (1); The power interface (5) is a USB interface, a magnetic charging interface, a wireless charging interface or a mains power interface, and the power supply battery (6) is a rechargeable battery, a replaceable battery or a base power supply battery.

8. The localized smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet (11) is composed of multiple first filter holes, and the bottom of the housing (1) is provided with an insertion hole (16) and an annular groove (17). The bottom of the housing (1) is provided with an adjustment structure (18), including: an adjustment rod (181), a filter plate (182), a knob (183), and an annular strip (184). The adjusting rod (181) is axially connected to the insertion hole (16); The filter plate (182) is fixedly mounted on the adjusting rod (181) and fits against the bottom of the housing (1). The filter plate (182) has a plurality of second filter holes, which correspond to each of the first filter holes. The knob (183) is located at the bottom of the filter plate (182) and is coaxial with the adjusting rod (181); The annular bar (184) is disposed on the top of the filter plate (182) and engages in the annular groove (17).

9. A method for capturing and filtering localized smoke and aerosols, applied to the localized smoke and aerosol capturing and filtering device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: Orient the air inlet (11) of this device toward a localized plume of smoke, aerosol, vapor, odor, or particulate matter; The airflow generating structure (3) is operated so that polluted air is drawn in through the air inlet (11) and passes through the filter assembly (2). The treated air is discharged from the directional outlet (12) in a direction away from the local plume; The localized plume is emitted from the user's mouth area during exhalation, or from a smoking product, or from a localized emission source placed on a support surface.

10. A replaceable filter element for a localized smoke and aerosol capture device, characterized in that, include: The filter assembly (2) is configured to be detachably disposed within the housing (1) of the local smoke and aerosol capture and filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, receiving polluted air from the air inlet (11) and discharging filtered air to the directional outlet (12). The filter assembly (2) includes one or more of the following: a pre-filter layer (21), a particulate filter layer (22), an adsorption layer (23), a functional treatment layer (24), and a support layer (25). The adsorption layer (23) is an activated carbon layer, an impregnated carbon layer, a zeolite layer, a porous ceramic layer, or a treated fiber media layer. The functional treatment layer (24) is a catalytic layer, a photocatalytic layer, an antimicrobial layer, a deodorizing layer, a reactive layer, a neutralizing layer, or an electrostatic layer.

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