A drilling and milling device for hardware machining

Abstract

This invention discloses a drilling and milling device for metal parts processing, relating to the field of metal processing technology. The device includes a Y-axis base plate with a worktable on its top surface. X-axis support plates are fixed on both sides of the Y-axis base plate, and an X-axis crossbeam is mounted on the top of the two support plates. A Z-axis mounting plate is mounted on the front of the crossbeam. A brushless motor mounting seat is provided on the front of the Z-axis mounting plate, on which a brushless motor is fixed, and a drilling and milling cutter is mounted on the motor output shaft. A worktable top surface has a carrying plate, a fixed baffle is provided on the rear side of the carrying plate, a fixed plate is provided on the front side, and a metal part is placed in the middle. The fixed plate limits and fixes the metal part through a limiting component. This invention adopts a three-axis linkage precision drive, combined with an adjustable limiting clamping structure. The structural layout is reasonable, enabling efficient, precise, and stable processing of metal parts, saving labor costs, improving processing quality and efficiency, adapting to various metal part drilling and milling operations, and possessing good application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hardware processing technology, and in particular to a drilling and milling device for processing hardware parts. Background Technology

[0002] In metal parts processing, drilling and milling are core processes, and the corresponding drilling and milling devices have gradually evolved with the development of the machine tool industry. Early drilling and milling equipment was mainly manual or semi-automatic, relying on manual adjustment of the workpiece and tool positions, resulting in low efficiency. With the advancement of mechanical manufacturing technology, power-driven drilling and milling machine tools gradually emerged, evolving from single-axis reciprocating motion to multi-axis linkage structures, expanding the processing range. Although subsequent introductions of structures such as lead screw drives and slide rail guides improved operational convenience, they are still limited by structural design and have not yet fully adapted to the processing needs of irregular metal parts. Overall, the process is gradually being optimized and improved towards precision and adaptability.

[0003] Existing metal drilling and milling equipment still has significant shortcomings, making it difficult to meet actual processing needs. First, processing accuracy is insufficient; some devices suffer from poor multi-axis drive coordination, resulting in deviations in displacement adjustment and an inability to precisely control processing depth and position. Second, adaptability is lacking; fixed limiting structures lead to unstable clamping of irregular metal parts, causing displacement and wobbling, and adjustments are cumbersome. Third, overall stability is insufficient; some support structures are poorly designed, making transmission jamming prone to occur during long-term high-frequency processing. Furthermore, the reliance on manual intervention results in low processing efficiency, making it difficult to meet the demands of batch, high-precision metal drilling and milling processing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to propose a drilling and milling device for hardware processing.

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A drilling and milling device for machining hardware parts includes a Y-axis base plate. A worktable that can slide back and forth is provided on the top surface of the Y-axis base plate. A pair of X-axis support plates are fixedly provided on both sides of the Y-axis base plate. A transversely distributed X-axis beam is fixedly provided between the top ends of the pair of X-axis support plates. A Z-axis mounting plate that can slide left and right is provided on the front side of the X-axis beam. A brushless motor mounting seat that can slide up and down is provided on the front side of the Z-axis mounting plate. A brushless motor is fixedly mounted on the brushless motor mounting seat. A drilling and milling tool is fixedly mounted on the output shaft end of the brushless motor. A carrying plate is fixedly installed on the top surface of the workbench. A fixed baffle is fixedly installed on the rear side of the top surface of the carrying plate. A fixed plate that can slide back and forth is installed on the front side of the top surface of the carrying plate. A hardware component is placed in the middle of the top surface of the carrying plate. The fixed plate is limited and connected to the hardware component through a limiting component.

[0006] Preferably, a pair of parallel Y-axis slide rails are fixedly provided on the left and right sides of the top surface of the Y-axis base plate, and a pair of parallel Y-axis slide plates are fixedly provided on the left and right sides of the bottom surface of the worktable. Each Y-axis slide plate is slidably engaged on the corresponding Y-axis slide rail, thereby realizing the sliding cooperation between the worktable and the Y-axis base plate.

[0007] Preferably, a Y-axis translation plate is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the worktable, and a Y-axis threaded hole is opened in the middle of the Y-axis translation plate. A Y-axis stepper motor is fixedly installed on the back of the Y-axis base plate, and a Y-axis lead screw is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the Y-axis stepper motor. The Y-axis lead screw is threaded into the Y-axis threaded hole, and the front end of the Y-axis lead screw is rotatably inserted into the Y-axis base plate, thus forming the Y-axis drive structure of the worktable.

[0008] Preferably, X-axis slide rail one and X-axis slide rail two are fixedly installed on the front and bottom surfaces of the X-axis crossbeam, respectively, and X-axis sliding plate one and X-axis sliding plate two are fixedly installed on the back and bottom surfaces of the Z-axis mounting plate, respectively. X-axis sliding plate one is slidably engaged with X-axis slide rail one, and X-axis sliding plate two is slidably engaged with X-axis slide rail two, thereby realizing the sliding cooperation between the Z-axis mounting plate and the X-axis crossbeam.

[0009] Preferably, the Z-axis mounting plate has an X-axis threaded hole in the middle, and an X-axis stepper motor is fixedly mounted on the top of the X-axis support plate on the right side. An X-axis lead screw is fixedly provided at the end of the output shaft of the X-axis stepper motor. The X-axis lead screw is threaded into the X-axis threaded hole, and the left end of the X-axis lead screw is rotatably inserted into the X-axis support plate on the left side, thus forming the X-axis drive structure of the Z-axis mounting plate.

[0010] Preferably, the front of the Z-axis mounting plate is fixedly provided with vertically distributed Z-axis slide rails, the back of the brushless motor mounting base is fixedly provided with a Z-axis lifting plate, the back of the Z-axis lifting plate is fixedly provided with a Z-axis sliding plate, and the Z-axis sliding plate is slidably engaged with the Z-axis slide rails to achieve sliding cooperation between the brushless motor mounting base and the Z-axis mounting plate.

[0011] Preferably, the Z-axis lifting plate has a Z-axis threaded hole in the middle, and a pair of Z-bearing plates are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the Z-axis mounting plate. A Z-axis stepper motor is fixedly installed on the top surface of the upper Z-bearing plate, and a Z-axis lead screw is fixedly installed at the output shaft end of the Z-axis stepper motor. The Z-axis lead screw is threaded into the Z-axis threaded hole, and the bottom end of the Z-axis lead screw is rotatably inserted into the lower Z-bearing plate, thus forming the Z-axis drive structure of the brushless motor mounting base.

[0012] Preferably, a pair of fixed lugs are fixedly provided on the front of the fixed baffle. A trapezoidal bracket is hinged to the front end of each fixed lug. Limiting rollers are rotatably installed at both ends of each trapezoidal bracket. The outer surface of each limiting roller abuts against the back of the hardware. A pair of tension springs are fixedly provided on both sides of the back of each trapezoidal bracket. The other end of each tension spring is fixedly connected to the fixed baffle. The elastic limit of the back of the hardware is achieved by the elastic force of the tension spring.

[0013] Preferably, a pair of U-shaped rails are fixedly provided on both sides of the top surface of the carrying plate, and a pair of I-shaped sliding plates are fixedly provided on both sides of the fixing plate. Each I-shaped sliding plate is slidably engaged in the U-shaped rail on the corresponding side, so as to realize the sliding cooperation between the fixing plate and the carrying plate. A fixed seat is fixedly installed on the front side of the top of the loading plate. A threaded cylinder is rotatably installed in the middle of the fixed seat. A knob is fixedly sleeved on the front end of the threaded cylinder. A fixed screw is threaded into the middle of the threaded cylinder. The rear end of the fixed screw is fixedly connected to the fixed plate, forming a front and rear adjustment structure of the fixed plate.

[0014] Preferably, the limiting component includes a trapezoidal sliding plate, a lateral sliding plate, and a limiting clamping block. A transverse slot is provided on the top surface of the fixing plate. The trapezoidal sliding plate is slidably fitted inside the transverse slot. A first elliptical pin hole is provided in the middle of the trapezoidal sliding plate. A first pin is fixedly provided in the middle of the transverse slot. The first pin is slidably fitted into the first elliptical pin hole to realize the transverse sliding limiting of the trapezoidal sliding plate. The top surface of the fixed plate is provided with a pair of longitudinal slots that are perpendicular to the transverse slots. Each longitudinal slot is slidably fitted with a lateral sliding plate. Each lateral sliding plate is provided with a second elliptical pin hole in the middle. Each longitudinal slot is fixedly provided with a second pin shaft in the middle. Each second pin shaft is slidably inserted into the second elliptical pin hole on the corresponding side to realize the longitudinal sliding limit of the lateral sliding plate. Each of the lateral sliding plates is fixedly provided with a limiting clamp at its outer end. Each limiting clamp abuts against the front of the hardware. The front end of each lateral sliding plate is chamfered. The front ends of a pair of lateral sliding plates are respectively slidably engaged with the two ends of the trapezoidal sliding plate. The lateral movement of the trapezoidal sliding plate drives the pair of lateral sliding plates to move synchronously in opposite directions, thereby achieving front-side limiting of the hardware.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In this invention, precise drilling and milling of hardware parts is achieved from all directions. Through the independent drive structure of the X, Y, and Z axes, the hardware parts and the drilling and milling cutter are driven to complete the relative displacement of front-back, left-right, and up-down. Each axis is driven by a stepper motor and a lead screw, which is combined with the sliding guide of the slide rail and the slide plate. The displacement adjustment is stable and precise, and the machining position and depth can be accurately controlled. This solves the problems of limited machining position and insufficient precision of traditional devices, and ensures the quality of drilling and milling. 2. In this invention, the optimized limiting component improves the stability and adaptability of clamping irregular hardware parts. Through elastic limiting and adjustable clamping structure, it can not only achieve all-round limiting of hardware parts to avoid displacement and shaking during processing, but also adapt to irregular workpieces of different specifications. At the same time, the limiting adjustment operation is convenient, without complicated debugging, reducing auxiliary operation time, reducing manual labor intensity, and improving processing efficiency. 3. In this invention, the overall structure of the device is reasonably designed, each component is installed firmly and the transmission is smooth. The Y-axis base plate, X-axis crossbeam and other supporting structures provide reliable support for the whole machine and ensure the stability of long-term high-frequency processing. The brushless motor drives the drilling and milling cutter to rotate at high speed, with sufficient power and stable operation, which further improves the processing accuracy and efficiency, adapts to the drilling and milling processing needs of various hardware parts, and has strong practicality. In summary, this invention effectively solves the problems of low machining accuracy, poor adaptability, and cumbersome operation of traditional drilling and milling devices through three-axis precision drive, optimized limiting structure, and reasonable overall design. It enables efficient, precise, and stable machining of hardware parts, reduces labor costs, improves machining quality and efficiency, meets the actual needs of various hardware parts processing, and has high application value. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the Y-axis base plate, worktable, and carrier plate of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the Y-axis base plate and worktable structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pair of X-axis support plates, an X-axis crossbeam, and a Z-axis mounting plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the X-axis crossbeam and Z-axis mounting plate structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the Z-axis mounting plate structure of the present invention; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the carrier plate and fixing plate structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the carrier plate and fixing plate structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the carrier plate and fixing plate of the present invention from another perspective; The numbers in the diagram are as follows: 100, Y-axis base plate; 101, worktable; 102, Y-axis slide rail; 103, Y-axis slide plate; 104, Y-axis stepper motor; 105, Y-axis lead screw; 106, Y-axis translation plate; 200, X-axis support plate; 201, X-axis crossbeam; 202, X-axis slide rail one; 203, X-axis slide rail two; 204, X-axis slide plate one; 205, X-axis slide plate two; 206, X-axis stepper motor; 207, X-axis lead screw; 300, Z-axis mounting plate; 301, Z-bearing plate; 302, Z-axis slide rail; 303, Z-axis slide plate; 304, Z-axis lifting plate; 305, Z-axis stepper motor. Machine; 306, Z-axis lead screw; 307, brushless motor mounting base; 308, brushless motor; 309, drilling and milling cutter; 400, carrying plate; 401, fixed baffle; 402, fixed lug; 403, trapezoidal bracket; 404, tension spring; 405, limit chuck; 406, hardware; 407, U-shaped rail; 408, I-shaped slide plate; 500, fixed plate; 501, trapezoidal slide plate; 502, first pin; 503, side slide plate; 504, limit clamp; 505, second pin; 506, fixed base; 507, threaded cylinder; 508, knob; 509, fixed lead screw. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0018] Example 1: This example provides a drilling and milling device for machining hardware parts. See [link to example]. Figures 1 to 9Specifically, it includes a Y-axis base plate 100, which supports and mounts components such as a worktable 101, a Y-axis slide rail 102, and a Y-axis stepper motor 104, serving as the mounting base for the entire machine along the Y-axis. The top surface of the Y-axis base plate 100 is equipped with a worktable 101 that can slide back and forth. The worktable 101 supports a loading plate 400 and hardware components 406, and can slide back and forth along the Y-axis base plate 100, thereby adjusting the position of the hardware components 406. A pair of X-axis support plates 200 are fixedly installed on both sides of the 100. The X-axis support plates 200 fix the X-axis crossbeam 201 and install the X-axis stepper motor 206 to form a support frame for the X-axis structure. A horizontally distributed X-axis crossbeam 201 is fixedly installed between the top ends of the pair of X-axis support plates 200. X-axis slide rail 1 202 and X-axis slide rail 203 are installed on the X-axis crossbeam 201 to provide a mounting base for the Z-axis mounting plate 300 to slide left and right. The X-axis beam 201 has a Z-axis mounting plate 300 that can slide left and right on its front side. The Z-axis mounting plate 300 supports the brushless motor mounting base 307, the Z-axis slide rail 302, and the Z-bearing plate 301. It can slide left and right along the X-axis beam 201. The Z-axis mounting plate 300 has a brushless motor mounting base 307 that can slide up and down on its front side. The brushless motor mounting base 307 is fixedly mounted with a brushless motor 308. It can slide up and down along the Z-axis mounting plate 300 to drive the drilling and milling cutter 309 to achieve lifting and adjustment. The brushless motor 308 is fixedly mounted on the brushless motor mounting base 307. The brushless motor 308 drives the drilling and milling cutter 309 to rotate at high speed, providing rotational power for the drilling and milling of the hardware part 406. The drilling and milling cutter 309 is fixedly mounted at the end of the output shaft of the brushless motor 308. The drilling and milling cutter 309 rotates at high speed with the brushless motor 308 to perform drilling and milling operations on the hardware part 406. A carrying plate 400 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the workbench 101. The carrying plate 400 is used to place hardware parts 406 and is equipped with a fixed baffle 401, a U-shaped rail 407, and a fixed seat 506, serving as a support platform for the hardware parts 406. A fixed baffle 401 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the top surface of the carrying plate 400. The fixed baffle 401 is equipped with a fixed lug 402 and a tension spring 404, which, together with the limiting roller 405, provides limiting support for the back of the hardware parts 406. A sliding fixed plate 500 is provided on the front side of the top surface of the 400. The fixed plate 500 supports the various components of the installation and limiting assembly and can slide back and forth along the platform 400 to achieve the clamping and limiting of the front end of the hardware 406. The hardware 406 is placed in the middle of the top surface of the platform 400. The fixed plate 500 is connected to the hardware 406 through the limiting assembly. The hardware 406, as the workpiece to be drilled and milled, is fixed by the limiting assembly and then receives the machining operation of the drilling and milling tool 309.

[0019] In the specific implementation process, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a pair of Y-axis slide rails 102 are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the top surface of the Y-axis base plate 100. The Y-axis slide rails 102 and the Y-axis slide plate 103 slide in cooperation to provide guidance and limit for the front and back sliding of the worktable 101. A pair of Y-axis slide plates 103 are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the bottom surface of the worktable 101. The Y-axis slide plates 103 move synchronously with the worktable 101 and slide on the Y-axis slide rails 102 to achieve sliding guidance. The Y-axis slide plates 103 slide on the corresponding side of the Y-axis slide rails 102 to achieve sliding cooperation between the worktable 101 and the Y-axis base plate 100. A Y-axis translation plate 106 is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the worktable 101. The Y-axis translation plate 106 has a Y-axis threaded hole, which is threadedly engaged with the Y-axis lead screw 105 to convert rotational power into linear power to drive the worktable 101 to move. The Y-axis translation plate 106 has a Y-axis threaded hole in the middle. A Y-axis stepper motor 104 is fixedly installed on the back of the Y-axis base plate 100. The Y-axis stepper motor 104 provides Y-axis drive power to drive the Y-axis lead screw 105 to rotate. The output shaft end of the Y-axis stepper motor 104 is fixedly provided with the Y-axis lead screw 105. The Y-axis lead screw 105 is threadedly engaged with the Y-axis translation plate 106 to drive the worktable 101 to slide back and forth linearly. The Y-axis lead screw 105 is threadedly inserted into the Y-axis threaded hole, and the front end of the Y-axis lead screw 105 is rotatably inserted into the Y-axis base plate 100, which constitutes the Y-axis drive structure of the worktable 101.

[0020] In the specific implementation process, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, X-axis slide rail 1 202 and X-axis slide rail 203 are fixedly installed on the front and bottom surfaces of the X-axis beam 201, respectively. X-axis slide rail 1 202 slides in conjunction with X-axis slide plate 1 204 to provide upper guidance for the left and right sliding of the Z-axis mounting plate 300. X-axis slide rail 203 slides in conjunction with X-axis slide plate 205 to provide bottom guidance for the left and right sliding of the Z-axis mounting plate 300. X-axis slide plate 1 204 and X-axis slide rail 203 are fixedly installed on the back and bottom surfaces of the Z-axis mounting plate 300, respectively. Plate 205 and X-axis slide plate 204 move synchronously with Z-axis mounting plate 300 and slide engage on X-axis slide rail 202 for guidance. X-axis slide plate 205 moves synchronously with Z-axis mounting plate 300 and slide engage on X-axis slide rail 203 for guidance. X-axis slide plate 204 slides engage on X-axis slide rail 202 and X-axis slide plate 205 slides engage on X-axis slide rail 203, realizing the sliding engagement between Z-axis mounting plate 300 and X-axis crossbeam 201. The Z-axis mounting plate 300 has an X-axis threaded hole in the middle. An X-axis stepper motor 206 is fixedly mounted on the top of the X-axis support plate 200 on the right side. The X-axis stepper motor 206 provides X-axis drive power, which drives the X-axis lead screw 207 to rotate. The X-axis lead screw 207 is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the X-axis stepper motor 206. The X-axis lead screw 207 is threadedly engaged with the X-axis threaded hole of the Z-axis mounting plate 300, which drives the Z-axis mounting plate 300 to slide left and right. The X-axis lead screw 207 is threadedly inserted into the X-axis threaded hole. The left end of the X-axis lead screw 207 is rotatably inserted into the X-axis support plate 200 on the left side, thus forming the X-axis drive structure of the Z-axis mounting plate 300.

[0021] It should be noted that: such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the Z-axis mounting plate 300 has vertically distributed Z-axis slide rails 302 fixedly installed on its front side. The Z-axis slide rails 302 and Z-axis slide plates 303 slide in cooperation, providing vertical guidance for the brushless motor mounting base 307 to slide up and down. The Z-axis lifting plate 304 is fixedly installed on the back side of the brushless motor mounting base 307. The Z-axis lifting plate 304 fixes the Z-axis slide plate 303 and has a Z-axis threaded hole. It works with the Z-axis lead screw 306 to drive the brushless motor mounting base 307 to rise and fall. The Z-axis slide plate 303 is fixedly installed on the back side of the Z-axis lifting plate 304. The Z-axis slide plate 303 moves synchronously with the Z-axis lifting plate 304 and slides into the Z-axis slide rails 302 to achieve vertical sliding guidance. The Z-axis slide plate 303 slides into the Z-axis slide rails 302 to achieve sliding cooperation between the brushless motor mounting base 307 and the Z-axis mounting plate 300. The Z-axis lifting plate 304 has a Z-axis threaded hole in the middle. A pair of Z-bearing plates 301 are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the Z-axis mounting plate 300. The Z-bearing plates 301 are fixedly installed in pairs at the upper and lower ends of the Z-axis mounting plate 300 to support the two ends of the Z-axis lead screw 306 and ensure its stable rotation. A Z-axis stepper motor 305 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the upper Z-bearing plate 301. The Z-axis stepper motor 305 provides Z-axis drive power to drive the Z-axis lead screw 306 to rotate. The Z-axis lead screw 306 is fixedly installed at the output shaft end of the Z-axis stepper motor 305. The Z-axis lead screw 306 is threadedly engaged with the Z-axis threaded hole of the Z-axis lifting plate 304, which drives the brushless motor mounting base 307 to move up and down. The Z-axis lead screw 306 is threadedly inserted into the Z-axis threaded hole. The bottom end of the Z-axis lead screw 306 is rotatably inserted into the lower Z-bearing plate 301, which constitutes the Z-axis drive structure of the brushless motor mounting base 307.

[0022] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: First, the hardware part 406 to be processed is placed stably on the top surface of the carrier plate 400. The hardware part 406 with irregular structure is precisely clamped and fixed by the limiting component to ensure that the hardware part 406 does not move or shake during the drilling and milling process, thus ensuring the processing accuracy.

[0023] After the machining operation starts, the drive structures of each axis work together to drive the hardware 406 and the drilling and milling cutter 309 to complete the relative displacement, realizing all-round drilling and milling: Under the drive of the Y-axis stepper motor 104, its output shaft drives the Y-axis lead screw 105 to rotate synchronously. Through the threaded engagement between the Y-axis lead screw 105 and the Y-axis translation plate 106, the Y-axis translation plate 106 drives the worktable 101 and the Y-axis slide plate 103 on the bottom surface to slide smoothly along the Y-axis slide rail 102 on the top surface of the Y-axis base plate 100. Then, through the carrier plate 400, the hardware 406 fixed on it is driven to complete the translation adjustment in the front and back directions to adapt to the front and back position requirements of drilling and milling.

[0024] Meanwhile, driven by the X-axis stepper motor 206, its output shaft drives the X-axis lead screw 207 to rotate synchronously. With the help of the threaded engagement between the X-axis lead screw 207 and the X-axis threaded hole in the middle of the Z-axis mounting plate 300, the Z-axis mounting plate 300 and its back and bottom X-axis slide plates 204 and 205 slide smoothly along the X-axis slide rails 202 and 203 on the X-axis beam 201, respectively. Then, through the brushless motor mounting base 307, the brushless motor 308 is driven to complete the translation adjustment in the left and right directions, so as to achieve precise control of the left and right position of the drilling and milling tool 309.

[0025] Furthermore, driven by the Z-axis stepper motor 305, its output shaft drives the Z-axis lead screw 306 to rotate synchronously. Through the thread engagement between the Z-axis lead screw 306 and the Z-axis threaded hole in the middle of the Z-axis lifting plate 304, the Z-axis lifting plate 304 and the Z-axis slide plate 303 on its back are driven to slide smoothly along the Z-axis slide rail 302 on the front of the Z-axis mounting plate 300. Then, through the brushless motor mounting seat 307, the brushless motor 308 is driven to complete the vertical lifting adjustment, thereby achieving precise control of the machining depth of the drilling and milling tool 309.

[0026] After each axis completes position adjustment and the drilling and milling cutter 309 is aligned with the hardware part 406 to be processed, the brushless motor 308 starts and drives the drilling and milling cutter 309 at the end of its output shaft to rotate at high speed. The high-speed rotating drilling and milling cutter 309 performs precise drilling and milling operations on the hardware part 406 fixed on the carrier plate 400, and finally completes the preset processing requirements of the hardware part 406.

[0027] Example 2: Based on Example 1, this example optimizes the limiting component structure (adding a trapezoidal bracket 403, tension spring 404, limiting roller 405, adjustable fixing plate 500, and side sliding plate 503, etc.) to solve the problems of insufficient precision and stability in clamping and limiting irregular hardware parts 406, and inconvenient limiting adjustment in Example 1. Simultaneously, by improving the front and rear adjustment structure of the fixing plate 500, the adaptability and ease of operation of clamping hardware parts 406 are enhanced, further ensuring the accuracy of drilling and milling. It also includes: In the specific implementation process, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a pair of fixing lugs 402 are fixedly provided on the front of the fixing baffle 401. The fixing lugs 402 are fixed to the front of the fixing baffle 401. A trapezoidal bracket 403 is hingedly installed, providing a hinge fulcrum for the trapezoidal bracket 403. The trapezoidal bracket 403 is hinged to the front end of the fixing lugs 402. The trapezoidal bracket 403 is hinged to the fixing lugs 402. A limiting roller 405 is installed and connected to a tension spring 404 to achieve elastic limiting of the back of the hardware 406. The two ends of the trapezoidal bracket 403 are rotatably installed with the limiting rollers 405. The limiting rollers 405 are rotatably installed on the trapezoidal bracket 406. The end of the trapezoidal bracket 403 fits against the back of the hardware 406 to achieve back-side limitation and avoid scratching the workpiece. The outer surface of the limiting roller 405 abuts against the back of the hardware 406. A pair of tension springs 404 are fixedly installed on both sides of the back of the trapezoidal bracket 403. The tension springs 404 connect the fixed baffle 401 and the trapezoidal bracket 403. The elastic force makes the limiting roller 405 fit against the back of the hardware 406 to achieve elastic pressing. The other end of the tension spring 404 is fixedly connected to the fixed baffle 401. The elastic force of the tension spring 404 achieves elastic limitation of the back of the hardware 406. A pair of U-shaped rails 407 are fixedly installed on both sides of the top surface of the carrying plate 400. The U-shaped rails 407 are fixed on both sides of the top surface of the carrying plate 400 and slide in cooperation with the I-shaped sliding plate 408 to provide guidance for the back and forth sliding of the fixed plate 500. A pair of I-shaped sliding plates 408 are fixed on both sides of the fixed plate 500 and slide in the U-shaped rails 407 to drive the fixed plate 500 to slide smoothly back and forth. The I-shaped sliding plate 408 slides in the U-shaped rails 407 on the corresponding side to realize the sliding cooperation between the fixed plate 500 and the carrying plate 400. A fixed seat 506 is fixedly installed on the front side of the top face of the carrying plate 400. The fixed seat 506 is fixed on the front side of the top face of the carrying plate 400. A threaded cylinder 507 is rotatably mounted on the middle of the fixed seat 506. The threaded cylinder 507 is rotatably mounted on the middle of the fixed seat 506 and is threadedly engaged with the fixed screw 509, which converts the rotation of the knob 508 into linear transmission. The knob 508 is fixedly sleeved on the front end of the threaded cylinder 507. The knob 508 is sleeved and fixed on the front end of the threaded cylinder 507 for manual rotation to drive the threaded cylinder 507 to rotate. The fixed screw 509 is threadedly inserted into the middle of the threaded cylinder 507. The fixed screw 509 is threadedly engaged with the threaded cylinder 507. The rear end is connected to the fixed plate 500. The transmission drives the fixed plate 500 to move back and forth. The rear end of the fixed screw 509 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 500, forming the front and rear adjustment structure of the fixed plate 500.

[0028] It should be noted that: such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the limiting component includes a trapezoidal slide plate 501, a lateral slide plate 503, and a limiting clamping block 504. A transverse slot is provided on the top surface of the fixed plate 500. The trapezoidal slide plate 501 is slidably fitted inside the transverse slot. The trapezoidal slide plate 501 is slidably fitted inside the transverse slot of the fixed plate 500. Lateral movement can drive a pair of lateral slide plates 503 to move synchronously in opposite directions. A first elliptical pin hole is provided in the middle of the trapezoidal slide plate 501. A first pin shaft 502 is fixedly provided in the middle of the transverse slot. The first pin shaft 502 is fixed in the middle of the transverse slot of the fixed plate 500 and slidably inserted into the first elliptical pin hole to limit the lateral sliding of the trapezoidal slide plate 501. The first pin shaft 502 is slidably fitted into the first elliptical pin hole to realize the lateral sliding limit of the trapezoidal slide plate 501. A pair of longitudinal slots perpendicular to the transverse slots are provided on the top surface of the fixed plate 500. A lateral sliding plate 503 is slidably fitted inside the longitudinal slot. The lateral sliding plate 503 is slidably fitted in the longitudinal slot of the fixed plate 500 and moves in conjunction with the trapezoidal sliding plate 501, thereby driving the limiting clamp 504 to achieve lateral clamping. A second elliptical pin hole is provided in the middle of the lateral sliding plate 503. A second pin 505 is fixedly installed in the middle of the longitudinal slot. The second pin 505 is fixed in the middle of the longitudinal slot of the fixed plate 500 and slidably inserted into the second elliptical pin hole to limit the longitudinal sliding of the lateral sliding plate 503. The second pin 505 is slidably fitted into the second elliptical pin hole on the corresponding side to achieve the longitudinal sliding limit of the lateral sliding plate 503. A limiting clamp 504 is fixedly provided at the outer end of the side slide plate 503. The limiting clamp 504 is fixed at the outer end of the side slide plate 503 and directly presses against the front of the hardware part 406 to achieve front limiting clamping of the workpiece. The limiting clamp 504 presses against the front of the hardware part 406. The front end of the side slide plate 503 is chamfered, and the front ends of a pair of side slide plates 503 are respectively slidably engaged with the two ends of the trapezoidal slide plate 501. The lateral movement of the trapezoidal slide plate 501 drives the pair of side slide plates 503 to move synchronously in the opposite direction to achieve front limiting of the hardware part 406.

[0029] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: First, the hardware part 406 to be processed is placed stably on the top surface of the carrier plate 400. By rotating the knob 508, the threaded cylinder 507 is driven to rotate synchronously. The threaded engagement between the threaded cylinder 507 and the fixed screw 509 drives the fixed plate 500 and the I-shaped sliding plates 408 on both sides to slide smoothly along the U-shaped rails 407 on both sides of the top surface of the carrier plate 400. This causes a pair of limiting clamps 504 in the limiting assembly to move towards the hardware part 406 and press against the front of the irregular hardware part 406. At the same time, the back of the hardware part 406 is pushed against the limiting roller 405 and the trapezoidal bracket 403.

[0030] At this time, the trapezoidal bracket 403, which is hinged to the front fixed ear seat 402 of the fixed baffle 401, drives the limiting rollers 405 at both ends to fit tightly against the back of the hardware 406 under the elastic force of the tension spring 404 and the cooperation of the hinge structure, so as to achieve elastic limiting of the back of the hardware 406 and avoid damage to the hardware 406 due to excessive clamping or displacement due to excessive clamping.

[0031] At the same time, the limiting components operate synchronously: the trapezoidal slide plate 501 on the top surface of the fixed plate 500 slides along the transverse slot (the transverse limiting is achieved by the sliding engagement of the first pin 502 and the first elliptical pin hole). The transverse movement of the trapezoidal slide plate 501 drives a pair of side slide plates 503 that are slidably engaged with its two ends to move synchronously in the opposite direction along the longitudinal slot on the fixed plate 500 (the longitudinal limiting is achieved by the sliding engagement of the second pin 505 and the second elliptical pin hole). This causes the limiting clamping block 504 at the outer end of the side slide plate 503 to precisely abut against the front of the hardware 406, achieving all-round and stable limiting and fixing of the irregular hardware 406, laying the foundation for subsequent drilling and milling operations.

[0032] After the limit is fixed, the drive and drilling and milling operation logic of each axis in Embodiment 1 is followed. The Y-axis stepper motor 104, X-axis stepper motor 206 and Z-axis stepper motor 305 drive the corresponding components to drive the hardware 406 and the drilling and milling cutter 309 to complete the relative displacement in the front-back, left-right and up-down directions. Under the drive of the brushless motor 308, the drilling and milling cutter 309 rotates at high speed to perform precise drilling and milling on the hardware 406 after the limit is fixed, and finally complete the preset processing requirements.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling and milling device for machining hardware parts, comprising a Y-axis base plate (100), characterized in that: A sliding worktable (101) is provided on the top surface of the Y-axis base plate (100). A pair of X-axis support plates (200) are fixedly provided on both sides of the Y-axis base plate (100). An X-axis crossbeam (201) is fixedly provided between the top ends of the pair of X-axis support plates (200). A sliding Z-axis mounting plate (300) is provided on the front side of the X-axis crossbeam (201). A sliding brushless motor mounting base (307) is provided on the front side of the Z-axis mounting plate (300). A fixed brushless motor mounting base (307) is installed on the brushless motor mounting base (307). There is a brushless motor (308), and a drilling and milling cutter (309) is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the brushless motor (308); a carrying plate (400) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the worktable (101), a fixed baffle (401) is fixedly provided on the rear side of the top surface of the carrying plate (400), a fixed plate (500) that slides back and forth is provided on the front side of the top surface of the carrying plate (400), and a hardware part (406) is placed in the middle of the top surface of the carrying plate (400). The fixed plate (500) is limited and connected to the hardware part (406) through a limiting component.

2. The drilling and milling device for hardware processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of Y-axis slide rails (102) are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the top surface of the Y-axis base plate (100), and a pair of Y-axis slide plates (103) are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the bottom surface of the worktable (101). The Y-axis slide plates (103) are slidably engaged on the Y-axis slide rails (102) on the corresponding side.

3. The drilling and milling device for hardware processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A Y-axis translation plate (106) is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom surface of the worktable (101). A Y-axis threaded hole is opened in the middle of the Y-axis translation plate (106). A Y-axis stepper motor (104) is fixedly installed on the back of the Y-axis base plate (100). A Y-axis lead screw (105) is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the Y-axis stepper motor (104). The Y-axis lead screw (105) is threaded into the Y-axis threaded hole. The front end of the Y-axis lead screw (105) is rotatably inserted into the Y-axis base plate (100).

4. The drilling and milling device for hardware processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and bottom surfaces of the X-axis beam (201) are respectively fixedly provided with X-axis slide rail one (202) and X-axis slide rail two (203). The back and bottom surfaces of the Z-axis mounting plate (300) are respectively fixedly provided with X-axis slide plate one (204) and X-axis slide plate two (205). X-axis slide plate one (204) is slidably engaged on X-axis slide rail one (202), and X-axis slide plate two (205) is slidably engaged on X-axis slide rail two (203).

5. A drilling and milling device for machining hardware parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-axis mounting plate (300) has an X-axis threaded hole in the middle. An X-axis stepper motor (206) is fixedly installed on the top of the X-axis support plate (200) on the right side. An X-axis lead screw (207) is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the X-axis stepper motor (206). The X-axis lead screw (207) is threaded into the X-axis threaded hole. The left end of the X-axis lead screw (207) is rotatably inserted into the X-axis support plate (200) on the left side.

6. The drilling and milling device for hardware processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-axis mounting plate (300) is fixedly provided with vertically distributed Z-axis slide rails (302) on the front side, and the brushless motor mounting base (307) is fixedly provided with a Z-axis lifting plate (304) on the back side. The Z-axis lifting plate (304) is fixedly provided with a Z-axis sliding plate (303) on the back side. The Z-axis sliding plate (303) is slidably engaged with the Z-axis slide rails (302).

7. A drilling and milling device for machining hardware parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Z-axis lifting plate (304) has a Z-axis threaded hole in the middle. A pair of Z-bearing plates (301) are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the Z-axis mounting plate (300). A Z-axis stepper motor (305) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the upper Z-bearing plate (301). A Z-axis lead screw (306) is fixedly installed at the output shaft end of the Z-axis stepper motor (305). The Z-axis lead screw (306) is threaded into the Z-axis threaded hole. The bottom end of the Z-axis lead screw (306) is rotatably inserted into the lower Z-bearing plate (301).

8. A drilling and milling device for machining hardware parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of fixed lugs (402) are fixedly provided on the front of the fixed baffle (401). A trapezoidal bracket (403) is hinged to the front end of the fixed lugs (402). Limiting rollers (405) are rotatably installed at both ends of the trapezoidal bracket (403). The outer surface of the limiting rollers (405) abuts against the back of the hardware (406). A pair of tension springs (404) are fixedly provided on both sides of the back of the trapezoidal bracket (403). The other end of the tension springs (404) is fixedly connected to the fixed baffle (401).

9. A drilling and milling device for machining hardware parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of U-shaped rails (407) are fixedly provided on both sides of the top surface of the loading plate (400), and a pair of I-shaped sliding plates (408) are fixedly provided on both sides of the fixing plate (500). The I-shaped sliding plates (408) are slidably engaged in the U-shaped rails (407) on the corresponding side. A fixed seat (506) is fixedly provided on the front side of the top of the loading plate (400). A threaded cylinder (507) is rotatably installed in the middle of the fixed seat (506). A knob (508) is fixedly sleeved on the front end of the threaded cylinder (507). A fixed screw (509) is threaded into the middle of the threaded cylinder (507). The rear end of the fixed screw (509) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (500).

10. A drilling and milling device for machining hardware parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting component includes a trapezoidal sliding plate (501), a lateral sliding plate (503), and a limiting clamp (504). A transverse slot is provided on the top surface of the fixing plate (500). The trapezoidal sliding plate (501) is slidably fitted inside the transverse slot. A first elliptical pin hole is provided in the middle of the trapezoidal sliding plate (501). A first pin (502) is fixedly provided in the middle of the transverse slot. The first pin (502) is slidably fitted into the first elliptical pin hole. The top surface of the fixing plate (500) is provided with a pair of longitudinal slots that are perpendicular to the transverse slots. A lateral sliding plate (503) is slidably fitted inside the longitudinal slot. A second elliptical pin hole is provided in the middle of the lateral sliding plate (503). A second pin (505) is fixedly installed in the middle of the longitudinal slot. The second pin (505) is slidably fitted into the second elliptical pin hole on the corresponding side. The outer end of the side slide plate (503) is fixedly provided with a limiting clamp (504), the limiting clamp (504) abuts against the front of the hardware (406), the front end of the side slide plate (503) is chamfered, and the front ends of a pair of side slide plates (503) respectively slide with the two ends of the trapezoidal slide plate (501).

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