A multi-stage impurity removal device for feed raw materials based on airflow sorting

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on airflow sorting feed raw material multistage impurity removal equipment, belong to feed processing equipment technical field;The equipment includes rack, cloth feed structure, multistage crossflow sorting structure, gradient wind speed regulation structure, impurity collection mechanism and airflow purification structure;The cloth feed structure is used to uniform cloth and reduce raw material impact breakage;The multistage crossflow sorting structure realizes multistage step-by-step sorting, avoids impurity secondary mixing;The gradient wind speed regulation structure matches grading wind speed according to raw material characteristics, improves impurity removal precision;The impurity collection mechanism realizes light, medium, heavy impurity grading collection and rapid cleaning;The airflow purification structure carries out multistage processing to dust-containing waste gas, realizes standard discharge;The application solves the technical defects of low precision, high energy consumption, easy to block hole of traditional impurity removal equipment, can realize high-precision, low breakage, continuous high-efficiency impurity removal processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of feed processing equipment technology, specifically a multi-stage impurity removal device for feed raw materials based on airflow separation. Background Technology

[0002] Before processing, feed ingredients are often mixed with impurities of different densities. Existing single-pass airflow separation equipment has obvious defects: a single wind speed cannot adapt to multiple types of impurities, cannot achieve multi-stage step-by-step separation, cannot simultaneously separate light, medium and heavy impurities, has low impurity removal accuracy, and separated impurities are easily mixed in again; the airflow utilization efficiency of the separation structure is low, and it cannot match the graded wind speed according to the characteristics of the raw materials, and the materials are prone to accumulation and blockage, affecting continuous production; at the same time, the dust-containing exhaust gas generated by the separation has poor purification effect, making it difficult to meet environmental emission requirements, and the materials are easily damaged by impact during the feeding process, and there is a lack of targeted slow conveying and uniform distribution structure.

[0003] Currently, the industry lacks specialized multi-stage airflow sorting and impurity removal equipment designed for the characteristics of feed raw materials such as fragility and complex impurities, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the technical requirements of high-precision impurity removal, low breakage, continuous production, and environmental protection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems of low sorting accuracy, poor impurity grading effect, and easy material accumulation and blockage in existing feed impurity removal equipment, and to provide a multi-stage impurity removal equipment for feed raw materials based on airflow sorting. Through multi-stage cross-flow cavities combined with gradient wind speed, light and heavy impurities are graded and removed, thereby improving impurity removal efficiency and sorting purity.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This application provides a multi-stage impurity removal device for feed raw materials based on airflow sorting, including a frame, a feeding structure, a multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure, a gradient wind speed control structure, and an airflow purification structure; The frame is provided with a sealing cover (2), and the lower right side of the sealing cover (2) is provided with a main discharge port (21) and the upper part is provided with a main exhaust port (22). The fabric feeding structure includes a feeding hopper (3) and a flow equalization guide plate (4). The feeding hopper (3) passes through the sealing cover (2) and is fixed to the top of the frame (1), with its lower opening facing the inside of the frame (1). The flow equalization guide plate (4) is inclined and located below the lower opening of the feeding hopper (3), with one end receiving the feeding hopper (3) and the other end extending to the upper part of the feed inlet of the first-stage sorting chamber (51). The multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure (5) includes a first-stage sorting chamber (51), a second-stage sorting chamber (52), and a third-stage sorting chamber (53). Each sorting chamber is an independent chamber, arranged in a staggered manner from left to right along the horizontal direction. The projections of adjacent sorting chambers in the vertical direction do not overlap. Each chamber has a feed inlet in the middle of its upper side, an air inlet on its left side, and a discharge outlet on the lower right side of its bottom surface. An inclined partition (54) is provided between adjacent chambers. The upper part of the partition has a material passage opening (55), and the lower half is a solid structure. The opening direction of (55) is at an obtuse angle of 120°-150° to the horizontal direction; the discharge port of the last stage sorting chamber is connected to the total discharge port (21) of the sealing cover (2) through the discharge pipe; a transverse impurity passage (56) is opened on the lower right side of each stage sorting chamber, and the bottom of the chamber, the right side wall and the lower end of the inclined partition (54) together form a transverse impurity channel (57), and the transverse impurity passage (56) is connected to the transverse impurity channel (57); no screen or screen plate is set in any of the sorting chambers of the multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure (5); The gradient wind speed control structure (6) includes a fan (61), a main air supply pipe (62), branch air supply pipes (63), and an independent regulating valve (64); the fan (61) is located at the lower part of the frame (1); the lower end of the main air supply pipe (62) is connected to the air outlet of the fan (61), extends upward and is divided into branch air supply pipes (63); the air outlet of each branch air supply pipe (63) is connected to the air inlet of the corresponding sorting chamber; each branch air supply pipe (63) is equipped with an independent regulating valve (64), and the regulating end of the regulating valve extends to the outside of the sealing cover (2); The airflow purification structure (9) includes a primary pre-filter (91), a water washing purification component (92), a high-efficiency cartridge fine filter (93), and an exhaust fan (94). The primary pre-filter (91) is located on the top of the sealed cover (2) and connected to the main exhaust port (22). The water washing purification component (92) and the high-efficiency cartridge fine filter (93) are both mounted on the outside of the frame (1) through mounting supports. The exhaust fan (94) is located below the exhaust end of the high-efficiency cartridge fine filter (93). All components are connected in series through airflow pipes.

[0006] Furthermore, the upper end of the inclined partition (54) is located below the discharge port of the upper-level cavity, and the lower end extends into the right side of the lower-level cavity and is close to the bottom of the cavity; the material passage (55) is directly opposite the feed port of the lower-level cavity.

[0007] Furthermore, a pressure exhaust port (571) is provided at the top of the transverse impurity channel (57), the pressure exhaust port (571) is connected to the internal space of the sealing cover (2), and a dust filter is provided at the pressure exhaust port (571); the interior of the transverse impurity channel (57) is kept at normal pressure through the pressure exhaust port (571).

[0008] Furthermore, the sorting chamber is divided into a first stage, a second stage and a third stage along the material flow direction, and the height of the transverse impurity passage gap (56) of each stage is set to decrease step by step.

[0009] Furthermore, the feed inlets of each sorting chamber extend upward to form funnel-shaped guide ports (58), which have a structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom and are connected to the feed inlets of the chambers; the central axis of the guide ports is perpendicular to the air inlet direction of the chambers.

[0010] Furthermore, an airflow barrier plate (59) is provided in each sorting chamber near the air inlet; the airflow barrier plate (59) is arranged perpendicular to the air inlet direction and is located between the air inlet and the outlet. The bottom end of the airflow barrier plate (59) is fixed to the bottom of the sorting chamber, and a gap is left between the top end of the airflow barrier plate (59) and the top wall of the sorting chamber; the surface of the airflow barrier plate (59) is provided with multiple evenly distributed airflow distribution holes.

[0011] Furthermore, the gradient wind speed control structure (6) also includes a frequency converter (65), which is fixed in the lower air supply control area of ​​the frame (1) and located next to the fan. The frequency converter (65) is electrically connected to the fan, and the operation panel of the frequency converter (65) is electrically connected to the frequency converter (65) and disposed on the outer surface of the sealed cover (2).

[0012] Furthermore, the impurity collection mechanism (7) specifically includes: The light impurity collection box (71) is located on the outside of the sealed cover (2) at the corresponding position of the primary sorting chamber and is connected to the outlet of the transverse impurity channel (57) of the primary sorting chamber; The intermediate impurity collection box (72) is located outside the sealed cover (2) at the corresponding position of the secondary sorting cavity and is connected to the outlet of the transverse impurity channel (57) of the secondary sorting cavity; The heavy impurity collection box (73) is located outside the sealed cover (2) at the corresponding position of the three-stage sorting chamber and is connected to the outlet of the transverse impurity channel (57) of the three-stage sorting chamber; The light impurity collection box (71), medium impurity collection box (72), and heavy impurity collection box (73) are all connected to the outlet of the corresponding transverse impurity channel (57) by a snap-fit ​​detachable connection. The snap-fit ​​connection includes: an annular sealing groove at the inlet end of the collection box, a silicone sealing ring embedded in the annular sealing groove, and at least two rotating claws at the outlet end of the transverse impurity channel (57). After the collection box is pushed into place, the rotating claws rotate 90° to lock, and the silicone sealing ring is compressed by 0.5-1mm to form an airtight seal.

[0013] Furthermore, the primary pre-filter (91) is internally provided with a coarse filter screen (911) and swirling guide vanes (912). The coarse filter screen (911) is fixed to the inner wall of the air inlet end of the primary pre-filter (91) by an annular pressure ring. The swirling guide vanes (912) are connected to the rear side of the coarse filter screen (911) by a fixed support and are arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the primary pre-filter (91). The water washing purification component (92) is provided with a water distribution pipe (921) in the middle of its inner wall. The water distribution pipe (921) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water washing purification component (92) by a pipe clamp and is arranged circumferentially. Several spray holes are opened at the lower part of the water distribution pipe (921). Water flows through the spray holes and sprays downward to form a water curtain. The bottom of the water washing purification component (92) is provided with An annular water storage groove (922) is provided around the air outlet; the bottom of the side wall of the annular water storage groove (922) is provided with a drain outlet and a drain plug, and the top is provided with an overflow outlet. A transparent observation window is provided on the outer shell of the water washing purification component (92); the high-efficiency filter cartridge fine filter component (93) is provided with a dust removal filter cartridge (931), a porous end cap (932) and a sealing ring (933) inside. The air inlet end of the dust removal filter cartridge (931) is open and faces the airflow direction. The dust removal filter cartridge (931) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air outlet end of the high-efficiency filter cartridge fine filter component (93) through the porous end cap (932). The sealing ring (933) is sealed between the porous end cap (932) and the inner wall of the high-efficiency filter cartridge fine filter component (93).

[0014] Furthermore, the air inlet and air outlet of the induced draft fan (94) are located at opposite ends of the fan body; the air inlet of the induced draft fan (94) is sealed and connected to the air outlet of the high-efficiency filter cartridge (93) through an airflow pipe; the air outlet of the induced draft fan (94) has no external pipe and is directly connected to the outside space.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention sets up a three-stage staggered sorting chamber, with corresponding branch air supply pipes and independent regulating valves, to form a gradient air field that adapts to impurities of different specific gravities, thereby achieving the synchronous separation of light, medium and heavy impurities, preventing impurity backflow, improving the purity of impurity removal, and ensuring the quality of feed raw materials. The flow equalization guide plate achieves uniform material distribution and slow-fall feeding, reducing the impact damage of raw materials. The screenless cross-flow sorting structure rationally divides the sorting space. Combined with adjustable branch air supply pipes and funnel-shaped feeding guide structure, it avoids material blockage and improves airflow utilization. At the same time, the side debris discharge channel and snap-on collection mechanism ensure continuous and stable operation of the equipment, improve production efficiency, and reduce operation and maintenance costs. Through a multi-stage series airflow purification structure, combined with a pre-filter cyclone structure, water washing dust removal and high-efficiency filter cartridge fine filtration, the dust-laden exhaust gas generated during sorting can be effectively treated, reducing the risk of equipment blockage and improving the purification effect. In addition, the external purification components are easy to maintain, further enhancing environmental protection and equipment lifespan. In addition, the present invention adopts a vertical partition layout, the sealed cover can prevent dust from escaping and improve the working environment, the frequency converter can accurately control the wind speed, the overall structure is compact and highly adaptable, and can be widely used in the impurity removal processing of various feed raw materials. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To better understand and implement this application, the technical solution is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-stage crossflow sorting structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the airflow purification structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow direction of the present invention; In the diagram: 1-Frame; 2-Sealed cover; 21-Main discharge port; 22-Main exhaust port; 3-Feed hopper; 4-Flow equalization guide plate; 5-Multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure; 51-First-stage sorting chamber; 52-Second-stage sorting chamber; 53-Third-stage sorting chamber; 54 - Inclined partition, 55- Material passage, 56- Lateral impurity passage, 57- Lateral impurity channel, 571- Air pressure exhaust port, 58- Funnel-shaped guide port, 59- Airflow barrier plate, 510- Independent air outlet; 6- Gradient wind speed control structure, 61- Fan, 62- Main air supply pipe, 63- Branch air supply pipe, 64- Independent regulating valve, 65- Frequency converter; 7- Impurity collection mechanism, 71- Light impurity collection box, 72- Medium impurity collection box, 73- Heavy impurity collection box; 9- Airflow purification structure, 91- Primary pre-filter, 911- Coarse filter screen, 912- Swirl guide vane, 92- Water washing purification component, 921- Water distribution pipe, 922- Annular water storage groove, 93- High-efficiency filter cartridge fine filter, 931- Dust removal filter cartridge, 932- Porous end cap, 933- Sealing ring, 94- Exhaust fan; Detailed Implementation

[0018] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application.

[0019] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used herein are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0020] The following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided in detail.

[0021] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-4 This embodiment provides a multi-stage impurity removal device for feed raw materials based on airflow sorting. The whole includes a frame 1, a feeding structure, a multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5, a gradient wind speed control structure 6, an impurity collection mechanism 7, and an airflow purification structure 9. The functional structures work together to achieve continuous, high-precision, low-damage grading and impurity removal of feed raw materials and purification of waste gas. The frame 1 adopts a vertical frame structure and is completely covered by a sealed cover 2. The interior of the frame 1 is divided into an upper installation area, a middle sorting area and a lower air supply control area from top to bottom. The sealed cover 2 has a main discharge port 21 and a main exhaust port 22. The main discharge port 21 is located on the lower right side and the main exhaust port 22 is located on the upper side. The sealed cover 2 can effectively prevent dust from spreading outward during the sorting process, improve the workshop working environment, and ensure stable and orderly internal airflow. The above technical solutions can achieve the goals of dust containment and internal flow field stability: First, a vertical frame partition layout is adopted to rationally allocate the space for feeding, sorting, and air supply functions; second, a closed working chamber is formed by the fully enclosed sealed cover 2 to prevent dust from overflowing and spreading; third, the sealing structure pressure stabilization technology is used to ensure uniform and orderly internal airflow, providing a stable environment for sorting.

[0022] The feeding structure is used to achieve uniform distribution of raw materials and reduce impact damage from falling raw materials. It mainly includes a feeding hopper 3 and a flow equalization guide plate 4. The feeding hopper 3 penetrates the sealing cover 2 and is fixedly installed at the top of the frame 1, with its lower opening facing the inside of the frame 1. It is used to receive the feed raw materials to be processed. The flow equalization guide plate 4 is inclinedly arranged below the lower opening of the feeding hopper 3. One end receives the discharge position of the feeding hopper 3, and the other end extends to the feeding position of the multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5, so that the raw materials enter the sorting chamber in a uniform thin layer and avoid concentrated accumulation that affects the sorting effect. The above technical solutions can achieve the goal of uniform material distribution and low-damage feeding: First, the combination of centralized receiving and inclined flow guidance technology ensures a continuous and stable supply of raw materials; second, the material distribution technology of the equal flow guide plate 4 converts the concentrated material into a uniform thin layer before entering the sorting unit; and third, the slow-fall flow guidance technology reduces the impact damage of raw materials and avoids material accumulation and blockage.

[0023] The multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5 is used to achieve step-by-step separation of light impurities, medium impurities, and heavy impurities. The structure includes a first-stage sorting chamber 51, a second-stage sorting chamber 52, and a third-stage sorting chamber 53. Each sorting chamber is arranged in a staggered manner from left to right along the material flow direction to form a stepped sorting path. Each chamber has a feed inlet in the middle of its upper side, an air inlet on the left side, and a discharge outlet on the lower right side of its bottom surface. An inclined partition 54 is set between adjacent chambers. The upper end of the inclined partition 54 is located below the discharge outlet of the previous chamber, and the lower end extends into the right side of the next chamber and is close to the bottom of the chamber. The upper part of the inclined partition 54 has a material passage 55, which is directly opposite the feed inlet of the next chamber. The lower half is a solid structure to effectively block airflow interference between chambers and prevent separated impurities from being mixed into the raw material again. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first, second, and third sorting chambers are independent chambers, staggered from left to right along the horizontal direction, and the projections of adjacent chambers in the vertical direction do not overlap; no screen or screen plate is installed in each chamber, and impurity separation is achieved solely by the cross-flow effect of airflow and material and the geometric restriction of transverse impurity passage. Furthermore, to prevent backmixing of the airflow through the material passage 55, this application adopts the following combined measures: the material passage 55 is located near the lower part of the previous stage discharge port, with the opening direction forming an obtuse angle of 120°-150° with the horizontal direction, making it difficult for the next stage airflow to backmix upwards; at the same time, the continuously falling material flow forms a dynamic material seal in the passage, effectively blocking the reverse flow of airflow; in addition, the lower end of the inclined partition bar 54 extends into the right side of the next stage cavity, with an insertion depth of 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the cavity width, forming a narrow guide channel between the partition bar and the side wall, further suppressing airflow backmixing; through the above synergistic effect, the material passage 55 will not become an airflow backmixing channel, and the separated impurities will not be blown back into the previous stage cavity; Each sorting chamber at each stage has a transverse impurity passage 56 on its lower right side. The bottom of the chamber, the sidewalls, and the lower end of the inclined partition 54 together form a transverse impurity channel 57. The transverse impurity passage 56 is connected to the transverse impurity channel 57. Along the material flow direction, the height of the transverse impurity passage 56 at each stage gradually decreases to adapt to the separation requirements of impurities with different specific gravities. The height of the transverse impurity passage 56 is 2-15mm, with 10-15mm for the first stage, 5-10mm for the second stage, and 2-5mm for the third stage. The feed inlet of each sorting chamber at each stage extends upward to form a funnel-shaped guide port 58. The guide port has a structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and its central axis is aligned with the chamber. The vertical air inlet direction ensures that the vertically falling raw material forms a stable crossflow with the horizontal airflow, improving sorting accuracy. Each sorting chamber is equipped with an airflow barrier plate 59 near the air inlet. The airflow barrier plate 59 is arranged perpendicular to the air inlet direction, located between the air inlet and outlet, with its bottom fixed to the bottom of the sorting chamber. The height of the airflow barrier plate is 4 / 5 to 9 / 10 of the sorting chamber height, and the gap between its top and the top wall of the chamber is 1 / 10 to 1 / 5 of the chamber height. The surface of the airflow barrier plate has evenly distributed circular airflow distribution holes with a diameter of 3 to 8 mm, an opening rate of 25% to 40%, and a hole spacing of 1.2 to 2 times the hole diameter. The airflow flows out evenly through the uniformly distributed holes, which can prolong the residence time of the airflow in the cavity and avoid the decrease in sorting effect caused by uneven local wind speed; in addition, independent air outlets 510 are respectively opened on the rear side of the top wall of each sorting cavity and behind the funnel-shaped guide port 58, which are used to discharge the dust-containing waste gas after sorting upwards to the inside of the sealed cover 2. Furthermore, to prevent the accumulation of impurities in the transverse impurity channels 57 from creating positive pressure that hinders the entry of subsequent impurities, each transverse impurity channel 57 is provided with a pressure exhaust port 571 at its top. The pressure exhaust port 571 is connected to the internal space of the sealing cover 2. A dust filter is installed at the pressure exhaust port 571 to intercept fine dust particles that escape with the airflow, preventing dust from spreading inside the sealing cover 2. Through the pressure exhaust port 571, the interior of the transverse impurity channels 57 is always kept at a constant pressure, ensuring that impurities can continuously and smoothly fall into the corresponding impurity collection box under the combined action of their own gravity and crossflow thrust. Furthermore, taking the first-stage sorting cavity 51 as an example, the airflow organization principle of the present invention is explained; after the airflow enters the cavity from the left air inlet, it first encounters the airflow barrier plate 59; the bottom end of the barrier plate is fixed to the bottom of the cavity, and a gap is left between the top end and the top wall of the cavity, forcing the airflow to first flow downward around the bottom of the barrier plate, and then flow upward, finally flowing upward from the open area between the top of the cavity and the sealing cover, merging into the common pressure stabilizing cavity inside the sealing cover, and being uniformly discharged from the top main exhaust port; this airflow path design achieves three objectives: First, it forces the airflow to fully flush the vertically falling material layer, preventing the airflow from taking a shortcut directly over the material layer, thus ensuring full contact between the airflow and the material. Secondly, a relatively low-speed vortex zone is formed on the lower right side of the cavity. After the impurity particles carried by the airflow are transported to this area, their kinetic energy gradually decreases and they fall into the transverse impurity passage 56 under the action of gravity. Third, by adjusting the gap height between the top of the airflow barrier plate 59 and the top wall, the impact intensity of the airflow on the material can be controlled, avoiding direct impact of high-speed airflow that could cause damage to the corn kernels. The transverse impurity passage 56 is set at the bottom of the low-speed vortex zone to ensure that impurities falling into the zone can be discharged smoothly without being re-entrained by the airflow. The above technical solutions can achieve the goal of separating light, medium and heavy impurities step by step without secondary mixing: First, a three-stage staggered flow separation technology is used to form a continuous stepped separation path to achieve step-by-step impurity removal; second, the inclined baffle 54 airflow isolation technology is used to block crosstalk between different levels of air fields and prevent separated impurities from flowing back and mixing; third, the gradually decreasing transverse impurity passage 56 technology is used to match the separation characteristics of impurities with different specific gravities; fourth, the funnel-shaped vertical flow guiding technology is used to form a stable staggered flow separation state; and fifth, the airflow barrier plate 59 with uniformly distributed holes is used to uniformize the flow field and extend the separation residence time, thereby improving the impurity removal accuracy.

[0024] The gradient wind speed control structure 6 is used to match graded wind speeds according to the characteristics of raw materials to form a gradient wind field. It mainly includes a fan 61, a main air supply pipe 62, branch air supply pipes 63, independent regulating valves 64, and a frequency converter 65. The fan 61 is installed in the air supply control area at the bottom of the frame 1. The lower end of the main air supply pipe 62 is connected to the air outlet of the fan 61, and extends upward to branch out into three branch air supply pipes 63. The air outlet of each branch air supply pipe 63 is connected to the air inlet of the corresponding sorting chamber. Each branch air supply pipe 63 is equipped with an independent regulating valve 64. The regulating end of the regulating valve extends to the outside of the sealing cover 2, which is convenient for the operator to adjust the air volume and wind speed in real time. The frequency converter 65 is fixedly installed in the air supply control area at the bottom of the frame 1 and is electrically connected to the fan 61. The operation panel is set on the outer surface of the sealing cover 2, which can realize precise control of the fan speed 61 and further improve the flexibility and adaptability of wind speed adjustment. The above technical solutions can achieve the goals of precise matching of gradient wind fields and independent adjustment of staged wind speeds: First, centralized air supply and branch pipeline distribution technology are used to ensure a stable supply of air volume for each sorting stage; second, the wind speed of each stage can be precisely adjusted individually through the independent regulating valve 64 control technology; third, the independent regulating valve is used in conjunction with the gradually narrowing transverse impurity passage gap to form precise gradient sorting conditions to adapt to the sorting needs of different raw materials; fourth, frequency conversion control technology is used to adjust the output of the fan 61 in real time to improve the stability and adaptability of the wind field.

[0025] The impurity collection mechanism 7 is used to achieve graded collection and rapid cleaning of light, medium and heavy impurities. The whole includes a light impurity collection box 71, a medium impurity collection box 72 and a heavy impurity collection box 73. The light impurity collection box 71 is arranged on the outside of the sealing cover 2 corresponding to the first-stage sorting chamber 51, the medium impurity collection box 72 is arranged corresponding to the second-stage sorting chamber 52, and the heavy impurity collection box 73 is arranged corresponding to the third-stage sorting chamber 53. Each collection box is connected to the outlet of the corresponding transverse impurity channel 57 by a snap-fit ​​detachable connection, which is convenient to disassemble and assemble, has good sealing performance, can quickly clean impurities, suppress dust, and ensure continuous and stable operation of the equipment. Furthermore, the light impurity collection box 71, medium impurity collection box 72, and heavy impurity collection box 73 are all connected to the outlet of the corresponding transverse impurity channel 57 by a snap-fit ​​detachable connection. Specifically, the snap-fit ​​connection includes: an annular sealing groove at the inlet end of the collection box, a silicone sealing ring embedded in the annular sealing groove, and two rotating claws at the outlet end of the transverse impurity channel 57. When the collection box is pushed into place along the guide rail, the rotating claws can be rotated 90° manually or automatically, and the collection box is pulled tight and pressed against the outlet end face of the transverse impurity channel 57. At this time, the silicone sealing ring is compressed by 0.5-1mm, forming a reliable airtight seal, effectively preventing dust leakage and the entry of outside air. When cleaning is required, the claws can be rotated 90° in the opposite direction to release the lock and pull out the collection box. This structure ensures the sealing performance of the equipment during operation and also enables quick disassembly and maintenance. The above technical solutions can achieve the goals of graded collection of impurities, rapid cleaning, and dust suppression and leakage prevention: First, the technology of independent collection of light, medium and heavy impurities is adopted to achieve classified collection of impurities without mixing; second, the snap-on quick-release sealing connection technology facilitates quick disassembly and emptying, improving maintenance efficiency; and third, the fully sealed structure technology is used to prevent dust leakage during impurity cleaning, keeping the working environment clean.

[0026] The airflow purification structure 9 is used to treat the dust-laden exhaust gas generated during the sorting process to achieve compliant emissions. It comprises a primary pre-filter 91, a water-washing purification component 92, a high-efficiency cartridge fine filter 93, and an induced draft fan 94. The primary pre-filter 91 is connected to the main exhaust port 22. The water-washing purification component 92 and the high-efficiency cartridge fine filter 93 are located outside the frame 1. The induced draft fan 94 is located below the exhaust end of the high-efficiency cartridge fine filter 93. All components are connected in series via airflow pipes. The specific installation positions of these components can be adjusted according to the actual spatial layout. The exhaust gas is processed sequentially through each purification unit. The primary pre-filter 91 is equipped with a coarse filter screen 911 and a swirl guide vane 912. The coarse filter screen 911 is fixed to the inner wall of the air inlet end of the primary pre-filter 91 by an annular pressure ring. The swirl guide vane 912 is connected to the rear side of the coarse filter screen 911 by a fixed support and is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the primary pre-filter 91. This allows for the centrifugal separation and filtration of large particulate impurities in the exhaust gas, reducing the subsequent purification load. A water distribution pipe 921 is located in the middle of the inner wall of the water-washing purification component 92. The water distribution pipe 921 is fixed to the inner wall of the water-washing purification component 92 by pipe clamps and arranged circumferentially. Several spray holes are opened at the lower part of the water distribution pipe 921. Water flows through the spray holes and sprays downward to form a water curtain, which can effectively remove fine dust, water vapor and some odors in the exhaust gas. An annular water storage groove 922 is provided at the bottom of the water-washing purification component 92. The annular water storage groove 922 is located inside the water-washing purification component 92 and surrounds the air outlet. The top surface of the air outlet is higher than the highest liquid level of the annular water storage groove, forming a liquid seal anti-suction height. A water-retaining ring is provided on the inner side of the groove to prevent water accumulated in the groove from being drawn into the downstream airflow pipe by the airflow; it can collect spray water and prevent water from entering the downstream airflow pipe; in addition, the bottom of the side wall of the annular water storage groove 922 is provided with a drain outlet and a drain plug for easy manual drainage and cleaning when the machine is stopped; the top of the annular water storage groove 922 is provided with an overflow outlet, which automatically overflows when the water level is too high to prevent water from entering the airflow pipe when it is full; the outer shell of the water washing and purification component 92 is provided with a transparent observation window, which allows the operator to observe the water level and water quality in the groove at any time and perform drainage or water replenishment operations in a timely manner; The high-efficiency filter cartridge fine filter element 93 is equipped with a dust removal filter cartridge 931, a porous end cap 932, and a sealing ring 933 inside. The air inlet end of the dust removal filter cartridge 931 is open and faces the direction of airflow. The dust removal filter cartridge 931 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air outlet end of the high-efficiency filter cartridge fine filter element 93 through the porous end cap 932. The sealing ring 933 is sealed between the porous end cap 932 and the inner wall of the high-efficiency filter cartridge fine filter element 93. It can perform deep fine filtration of exhaust gas to ensure that the final exhaust gas is clean. At the same time, the sealing structure can effectively prevent airflow short circuit and improve purification efficiency. After the airflow is discharged through the outlet of the high-efficiency filter cartridge 93, it is connected to the induced draft fan 94. The air inlet and outlet of the induced draft fan 94 are located at opposite ends of the fan body. The air inlet is sealed and connected to the outlet of the high-efficiency filter cartridge 93 through an airflow pipe. The outlet has no external pipe and is directly connected to the outside space. When the induced draft fan 94 is working, it creates a negative pressure, which provides power for the flow of exhaust gas in the airflow purification structure 9, so that the exhaust gas can flow through each purification unit in sequence and finally be discharged. The above technical solutions can achieve the goal of deep purification and stable emission compliance of dust-laden waste gas: First, a three-stage series purification technology of primary pre-filtration, water washing purification, and high-efficiency cartridge filtration is adopted to remove large particles of dust, fine dust, and odors step by step along the airflow direction, thus deeply purifying the waste gas; Second, each purification unit is fully sealed across its cross-section, and bypass-free sealing technology is used to ensure that all airflows pass through the complete purification process, preventing unpurified gas from escaping through short circuits; Third, negative pressure ventilation and multi-stage sealing and guiding technology are used to ensure stable and orderly airflow, improve purification efficiency and operational reliability, and provide clean exhaust conditions for subsequent systems.

[0027] The equipment has a compact overall structure and reasonable layout. Through the synergistic effect of multi-stage cross-flow sorting, gradient wind speed control, graded impurity collection and multi-stage airflow purification, it can effectively solve the problems of low sorting accuracy, easy clogging, inconvenient maintenance and serious dust pollution of traditional feed impurity removal equipment, and meet the high-precision, continuous and environmentally friendly production needs of the feed processing industry. The above technical solutions can address the pain points of traditional equipment and achieve the goal of high-precision, continuous, and environmentally friendly production: First, multi-stage cross-flow screenless sorting technology is used to improve the accuracy of impurity removal and prevent clogging at the source; second, gradient wind speed control technology is used to improve airflow utilization and reduce equipment energy consumption; third, graded impurity collection and quick-disassembly maintenance technology is used to simplify the operation and maintenance process and reduce operating costs; fourth, full-process sealing and multi-stage exhaust gas purification technology are used to achieve zero dust leakage and exhaust gas compliance, fully meeting the requirements of improving the quality and efficiency of feed processing and green production.

[0028] Example 2 describes a multi-stage impurity removal device for feed ingredients based on airflow sorting. This example provides a detailed description of the complete working process and airflow organization flow of the device described in Example 1. Based on the structure of Example 1, it specifically explains the complete workflow of device startup, feeding, grading and sorting, impurity collection, exhaust gas purification, and shutdown, and further clarifies the collaborative working principle of each stage of the structure. It includes a frame 1, a feeding structure, a multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5, a gradient wind speed control structure 6, and an airflow purification structure 9. The frame 1 is a vertical frame main structure. The frame 1 is fixedly connected to the sealing cover 2, and the sealing cover 2 completely covers the entire frame 1. The interior of the frame 1 is divided into an upper installation area, a middle sorting area, and a lower air supply control area from top to bottom. The frame 1 is provided with a main discharge port 21 and a main exhaust port 22. The main discharge port 21 is located on the lower right side of the frame 1, and the main exhaust port 22 can be located on the upper part of the frame 1. The relative positional relationship between the frame 1 and the sealing cover 2 is as follows: the sealing cover 2 completely covers the frame 1, forming a closed vertical working space with upper feeding, middle sorting, and lower air supply. The main discharge port 21 is located on the lower right side of the frame 1, and the main exhaust port 22 is located on the upper part of the frame 1. The above technical solutions can achieve the purpose of stable equipment support and full-process sealed operation: First, the vertical frame partition bearing technology is adopted to ensure that the installation of each functional structure is stable and the layout is orderly; second, the sealing technology of the fully enclosed sealing cover 2 is used to prevent dust from overflowing and stabilize the internal flow field; third, the upper and lower partition layout technology is used to realize that the feeding, sorting and air supply spaces are independent and do not interfere with each other.

[0029] The fabric feeding structure is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the entire fabric feeding structure is installed in the upper installation area of ​​the frame 1. The fabric feeding structure includes a feeding hopper 3 and a flow equalization guide plate 4. The feeding hopper 3 is fixedly connected to the sealing cover 2, and the feeding hopper 3 passes through the top of the sealing cover 2 and is arranged vertically downward. The flow equalization guide plate 4 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the flow equalization guide plate 4 is inclinedly arranged below the lower opening of the feeding hopper 3. The relative positional relationship between the fabric feeding structure, the frame 1, and the multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5 is as follows: the fabric feeding structure is located directly above the multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5, one end of the flow equalization guide plate 4 receives the feeding hopper 3, and the other end extends to the upper opening of the multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5, forming a continuous feeding channel from top to bottom. The above technical solutions can achieve the goal of uniform material distribution and low-damage feeding: First, the use of centralized receiving and inclined flow guiding technology ensures a continuous and stable supply of raw materials; second, the use of thin-layer uniform material distribution technology avoids concentrated material accumulation; and third, the use of slow-fall guiding technology reduces impact crushing and provides a uniform and stable material layer for high-precision sorting.

[0030] The multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5 is installed as a whole in the middle sorting area of ​​the frame 1. The multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5 includes a first-stage sorting chamber 51, a second-stage sorting chamber 52, a third-stage sorting chamber 53, and inclined partitions 54. The three-stage chambers are arranged in a staggered manner from left to right along the material flow direction, and adjacent chambers are fixedly connected to the inclined partitions 54. The left side of each chamber is connected to the gradient wind speed control structure 6, and the lower right side of each chamber is connected to the impurity collection mechanism 7. The relative positional relationship between the multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5, the material feeding structure, and the gradient wind speed control structure 6 is as follows: the multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5 is located below the material feeding structure and above the gradient wind speed control structure 6, the first-stage chamber is directly opposite the end of the material feeding structure, and the left side of each chamber receives the air supply from the gradient wind speed control structure 6 to form a cross-flow sorting area. The above technical solutions can achieve the goal of separating light, medium and heavy impurities step by step without secondary mixing: First, a three-stage staggered flow separation technology is used to form a stepped continuous separation path; second, the inclined baffle 54 airflow isolation technology is used to block crosstalk and impurity backflow at each level of the air field; third, vertical material dropping and horizontal crossflow technology are used to achieve precise separation according to specific gravity; and fourth, the graded impurity removal channel technology is used to directionally remove different impurities.

[0031] The gradient wind speed control structure 6 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the gradient wind speed control structure 6 is installed as a whole in the lower air supply control area of ​​the frame 1. The gradient wind speed control structure 6 includes a fan 61, a main air supply pipe 62, a branch air supply pipe 63, an independent regulating valve 64, and a frequency converter 65. The air outlet of the fan 61 is sealed to the main air supply pipe 62, the main air supply pipe 62 is connected to the branch air supply pipe 63, and the branch air supply pipe 63 is sealed to the air inlets of each stage of the multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5. The independent regulating valve 64 is installed on the branch air supply pipe 63, and the regulating end extends to the outside of the sealing cover 2. The relative positional relationship between the gradient wind speed control structure 6, the frame 1, and the multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5 is as follows: the gradient wind speed control structure 6 is located directly below the multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5, providing graded airflow to each stage of the sorting chamber from bottom to top. The fan 61 and the frequency converter 65 are installed adjacent to each other at the bottom of the frame 1. The above technical solutions can achieve the goals of precise matching of gradient wind fields and independent adjustment of wind speed at each level: First, centralized air supply and branch pipeline distribution technology are used to ensure a stable supply of air volume at each level; second, the wind speed at each level can be set independently through the precise control technology of independent regulating valve 64; third, variable frequency speed regulation technology is used to adapt to the optimal sorting wind speed for different raw materials; and fourth, the airflow utilization efficiency is improved by using the bottom supply and top exhaust layout technology.

[0032] The airflow purification structure 9 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the airflow purification structure 9 is installed on the top and outer areas of the frame 1. The airflow purification structure 9 includes a primary pre-filter 91, a water washing purification component 92, a high-efficiency cartridge fine filter 93, and an exhaust fan 94. The primary pre-filter 91 is sealed to the main exhaust port 22 at the top of the frame 1. The primary pre-filter 91, the water washing purification component 92, and the high-efficiency cartridge fine filter 93 are connected in series through pipelines. The outlet of the high-efficiency cartridge fine filter 93 is sealed to the inlet of the exhaust fan 94. The exhaust port of the exhaust fan 94 is directly connected to the atmosphere. The relative positional relationship between the airflow purification structure 9, the frame 1, and the multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5 is as follows: the airflow purification structure 9 is located at the exhaust end of the airflow of the multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5, and is arranged in series along the direction of exhaust gas flow. The whole structure is located on the outer side of the frame 1 and is directly connected to the main exhaust port 22, forming a closed-loop exhaust gas purification path. The above technical solutions can achieve the goal of deep purification of dusty exhaust gas and stable emission compliance: First, a three-stage series purification technology is used to remove large particles, fine dust and odors step by step; second, a non-bypass fully sealed flow guiding technology is used to ensure that all exhaust gas must go through a complete purification process; third, negative pressure ventilation technology is used to ensure stable and orderly airflow without short circuits or leaks; and fourth, multi-stage sealing and escape prevention technology is used to achieve clean exhaust and meet environmental protection requirements.

[0033] This embodiment describes in detail the specific operation process of the above-mentioned multi-stage impurity removal equipment for feed raw materials based on airflow sorting. Taking corn raw materials with a moisture content of 14%±2% as an example, it demonstrates the complete workflow of the equipment from start-up to shutdown. Before starting the equipment, the operator must first conduct a comprehensive inspection of the equipment; confirm that there are no leaks at any connection of the sealing cover 2, and that the main discharge port 21 and the main exhaust port 22 are unobstructed; check the airflow purification structure 9 to ensure that the primary pre-filter 91, water washing purification component 92, high-efficiency filter cartridge fine filter 93 and the induced draft fan 94 are properly connected, the water supply to the water distribution pipe 921 is connected, and the annular water storage groove 922 is clean and unblocked. At the same time, check the impurity collection mechanism 7 to confirm that the light impurity collection box 71, medium impurity collection box 72, and heavy impurity collection box 73 are all firmly connected to the outlet of the transverse impurity channel 57 and that the inside is clean; according to the characteristics of the corn raw material, set the initial frequency of the frequency converter 65, corresponding to a wind speed of 4 meters per second for the first stage, 6 meters per second for the second stage, and 3 meters per second for the third stage, and finely adjust the air volume of each branch air supply pipe 63 through the independent regulating valve 64; When the equipment is started, the exhaust fan 94 is started first to form a negative pressure airflow path. The airflow passes through the main exhaust port 22, the primary pre-filter 91, the water washing purification component 92, and the high-efficiency filter cartridge fine filter 93 in sequence, and is finally discharged from the exhaust port of the exhaust fan 94. Then the fan 61 is started, and the air enters the three branch air supply pipes 63 through the main air supply pipe 62, and is sent to the air inlets of the first-stage sorting chamber 51, the second-stage sorting chamber 52 and the third-stage sorting chamber 53 respectively, forming a stable cross-flow air field. After entering the feeding process, the corn raw material falls evenly through the feeding hopper 3, with the lower opening of the feeding hopper 3 facing the flow equalization guide plate 4; the raw material slides down along the inclined flow equalization guide plate 4, forming a thin layer of material of uniform thickness, and falls smoothly into the funnel-shaped guide port 58 of the first-stage sorting chamber 51. This feeding method effectively avoids the damage to the raw material caused by concentrated impact. In the first-stage sorting chamber 51, the corn raw material falls vertically through the funnel-shaped guide port 58, forming a stable crossflow with the horizontal airflow entering from the left. The wind speed at this stage is 4 meters per second. The airflow barrier plate 59 distributes the airflow evenly through the uniformly distributed airflow distribution holes on its surface, prolonging the residence time of the airflow in the chamber and avoiding the reduction in sorting effect caused by uneven local wind speed. Under the crossflow effect, larger and lighter fibrous impurities such as straw and plastic film are blown by the airflow to the right-side transverse impurity passage 56 and enter the transverse impurity channel 57. Under the negative pressure suction of the induced draft fan 94, the sorted airflow is directed upward through the independent air outlet located behind the funnel-shaped guide port 58 on the rear side of the top wall of the first-stage sorting chamber 51. The impurities are discharged and flow into the sealed housing 2, and finally discharged from the top general exhaust port 22. The transverse impurity passage 56 and the transverse impurity channel 57 are relatively static pressure areas, and the airflow is non-directional. The air pressure exhaust port 571 and its dust filter at the top of the transverse impurity channel 57 can keep the inside of the channel at normal pressure. Impurities enter the channel smoothly under the action of cross-flow thrust and their own weight, without generating dust or airflow back mixing. The separated light impurities finally fall into the light impurity collection box 71. At the same time, fine light impurities such as dust are also carried out with the airflow. Because the corn raw material after removing light impurities has a large specific gravity, it falls to the bottom right side of the discharge port of the first-stage sorting chamber 51, and enters the second-stage sorting chamber 52 through the material passage port 55 above the inclined partition bar 54. After entering the second-stage sorting chamber 52, the raw material comes into cross-flow contact with the horizontal airflow at a speed of 6 meters per second. At this time, medium-density impurities such as shriveled grains and insect-damaged grains are blown by the airflow to the right-side transverse impurity passage 56 and enter the medium impurity collection box 72 through the transverse impurity channel 57. The airflow in this stage is also discharged upward through the independent air outlet located behind the feed inlet on the rear side of the top wall of the second-stage sorting chamber 52 under the negative pressure suction of the induced draft fan. It merges into the sealed cover 2 and then merges with the airflow from the previous stage and exits through the top main exhaust port 2. 2. Discharge; The transverse impurity channel maintains a static pressure and no flow state, only realizing the sedimentation and collection of impurities; while the plump corn kernels with a larger specific gravity fall to the bottom discharge port and enter the third-stage sorting chamber 53 through the inclined partition 54; The height of the transverse impurity passage 56 set on the lower right side of each sorting chamber gradually decreases along the material flow direction; Among them, the first-stage passage is for the discharge of flocculent light impurities, the second-stage passage is for the discharge of medium impurities such as shriveled kernels, and the third-stage passage is for the sedimentation and discharge of heavy impurities such as sand and gravel, while avoiding the accidental discharge of plump grains; In the third-stage sorting chamber 53, the raw material comes into cross-flow contact with a horizontal airflow with a wind speed of 3 meters per second. The bottom of the third-stage sorting chamber is tilted to the lower right with an inclination angle of 3° to 8° to ensure that heavy impurities slide to the right side of the transverse impurity passage under their own weight. Due to their high density, heavy impurities such as sand and metal shavings are basically unaffected by the airflow and fall directly to the bottom, entering the heavy impurity collection box 73 through the transverse impurity passage 56. The airflow in this stage is also discharged upward through the independent air outlet located behind the feed inlet on the rear side of the top wall of the third-stage sorting chamber 53 under the negative pressure suction of the induced draft fan. It merges into the sealed cover 2 and is discharged through the total exhaust port 22 after merging with the airflow from the first two stages. It then enters the subsequent airflow purification structure 9 for processing. The clean corn raw material after removing all impurities enters the total discharge port 21 on the lower right side of the sealed cover 2 through the bottom discharge port and discharge pipe, and then enters the next process. Throughout the sorting process, the impurity collection mechanism 7 enables the independent collection of light, medium, and heavy impurities; the light impurity collection box 71 collects light impurities such as dust and straw, the medium impurity collection box 72 collects shriveled and insect-damaged grains, and the heavy impurity collection box 73 collects sand, gravel, and metal shavings; each collection box is connected by a snap-fit ​​detachable connection, which can be quickly disassembled and cleaned when the box is full, and can be reused after reinstallation, effectively suppressing dust and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the equipment; Meanwhile, the airflow purification structure 9 continuously processes the dust-laden exhaust gas generated during the sorting process. Under the negative pressure of the induced draft fan 94, the dust-laden exhaust gas is drawn out and enters the primary pre-filter 91 through the main exhaust port 22. The coarse filter screen 911 intercepts large particulate impurities, and the swirling guide vanes 912 generate centrifugal force to further separate the dust. Subsequently, the exhaust gas enters the water washing purification component 92, and the water distribution pipe 921 sprays water curtains downward through multiple spray holes at its lower part, effectively removing fine dust and odors from the exhaust gas. The spray water falls into the annular water storage groove 922 for recycling, preventing it from entering the downstream airflow pipe. Finally, the exhaust gas enters the high-efficiency filter cartridge fine filter 93, and is deeply filtered by the dust removal filter cartridge 931. The porous end cap 932 and the sealing ring 933 ensure that the airflow is not short-circuited. The purified clean air is directly discharged to the outside space through the exhaust port of the induced draft fan 94 without external piping. When the equipment is shut down, first stop feeding material into the feed hopper 3. Use the tilt angle of the flow equalization guide plate 4 to allow the remaining material in the feed hopper 3 to slide naturally into the first-stage sorting chamber 51. After all the material in the chamber has been processed, keep the blower 61 and the induced draft fan 94 running for about two minutes to clean the residual impurities and moisture in the chamber. Then, turn off the blower 61 and the induced draft fan 94 in sequence and cut off the water supply. After shutdown, clean each impurity collection box, record the impurity percentage, and check the airflow purification components. Clean the coarse filter screen 911 and check if the spray holes are blocked. If the pressure difference of the dust collector filter cartridge 931 is too high, it needs to be replaced in time. Finally, open the inspection door of the sealing cover 2, clean the internal dust, and check whether the inclined partition 54 and the airflow barrier plate 59 are worn. Taking corn as an example, continuous production verification was conducted. The operational results show that the equipment has a significant effect on separating impurities of different specific gravities, with particularly ideal removal of light and heavy impurities, and a high removal rate of medium impurities. Due to the use of a screenless cross-flow sorting structure, the breakage rate of whole corn kernels is much lower than that of traditional vibrating screening equipment. At the same time, the gradient wind speed control combined with the multi-stage cross-flow design significantly reduces the unit power consumption compared to single-stage airflow sorting equipment, resulting in significant energy-saving effects. In addition, after treatment by the multi-stage airflow purification structure, the exhaust dust concentration can be controlled at a low level, which can meet the relevant national environmental protection emission standards. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the matching relationship between the wind speed at each level and the transverse impurity passage height is as follows: first-level wind speed V1 = 4 m / s, passage height H1 = 12 mm; second-level wind speed V2 = 6 m / s, passage height H2 = 8 mm; third-level wind speed V3 = 3 m / s, passage height H3 = 3 mm; after calculation, V1×H1 = 48, V2×H2 = 48, V3×H3 = 9, which satisfies the decreasing gradient relationship of V1×H1 > V2×H2 > V3×H3; the gradient relationship enables light impurities, medium impurities, and heavy impurities to be separated efficiently in each stage cavity in sequence, avoiding mutual interference between impurities with different specific gravities, which is a key synergistic condition for achieving a synchronous separation rate of over 95%; This embodiment demonstrates in detail the complete operation process of the equipment under real working conditions, verifying that through the synergistic effect of the multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure 5, gradient wind speed control structure 6, impurity collection mechanism 7 and airflow purification structure 9, it achieves high-precision, low-damage, and continuous impurity removal of feed raw materials, while also possessing excellent environmental performance and ease of maintenance, and has broad prospects for industrial application.

[0034] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage impurity removal device for feed ingredients based on airflow separation, characterized in that, It includes a frame (1), a fabric feeding structure, a multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure (5), a gradient wind speed control structure (6), and an airflow purification structure (9); The frame is provided with a sealing cover (2), and the lower right side of the sealing cover (2) is provided with a main discharge port (21) and the upper part is provided with a main exhaust port (22). The fabric feeding structure includes a feeding hopper (3) and a flow equalization guide plate (4). The feeding hopper (3) passes through the sealing cover (2) and is fixed to the top of the frame (1), with its lower opening facing the inside of the frame (1). The flow equalization guide plate (4) is inclined and located below the lower opening of the feeding hopper (3), with one end receiving the feeding hopper (3) and the other end extending to the upper part of the feed inlet of the first-stage sorting chamber (51). The multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure (5) includes a first-stage sorting chamber (51), a second-stage sorting chamber (52), and a third-stage sorting chamber (53). Each sorting chamber is an independent chamber, arranged in a staggered manner from left to right along the horizontal direction. The projections of adjacent sorting chambers in the vertical direction do not overlap. Each chamber has a feed inlet in the middle of its upper side, an air inlet on its left side, and a discharge outlet on the lower right side of its bottom surface. An inclined partition (54) is provided between adjacent chambers. The upper part of the partition has a material passage opening (55), and the lower half is a solid structure. (55) has an obtuse angle of 120°-150° with the horizontal direction; the discharge port of the last stage sorting chamber is connected to the total discharge port (21) of the sealing cover (2) through the discharge pipe; a transverse impurity passage (56) is opened on the lower right side of each stage sorting chamber, and the bottom of the chamber, the right side wall and the lower end of the inclined partition (54) together form a transverse impurity channel (57), and the transverse impurity passage (56) is connected to the transverse impurity channel (57); no screen or screen plate is set in any of the sorting chambers of the multi-stage cross-flow sorting structure (5); The gradient wind speed control structure (6) includes a fan (61), a main air supply pipe (62), branch air supply pipes (63), and an independent regulating valve (64); the fan (61) is located at the lower part of the frame (1); the lower end of the main air supply pipe (62) is connected to the air outlet of the fan (61), extends upward and is divided into branch air supply pipes (63); the air outlet of each branch air supply pipe (63) is connected to the air inlet of the corresponding sorting chamber; each branch air supply pipe (63) is equipped with an independent regulating valve (64), and the regulating end of the regulating valve extends to the outside of the sealing cover (2); The airflow purification structure (9) includes a primary pre-filter (91), a water washing purification component (92), a high-efficiency cartridge fine filter (93), and an exhaust fan (94). The primary pre-filter (91) is located on the top of the sealed cover (2) and connected to the main exhaust port (22). The water washing purification component (92) and the high-efficiency cartridge fine filter (93) are both mounted on the outside of the frame (1) through mounting supports. The exhaust fan (94) is located below the exhaust end of the high-efficiency cartridge fine filter (93). All components are connected in series through airflow pipes.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the inclined partition (54) is located below the discharge port of the upper cavity, and the lower end extends into the right side of the lower cavity and is close to the bottom of the cavity; the material passage (55) is directly opposite the feed port of the lower cavity.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the transverse impurity channel (57) is provided with a pressure exhaust port (571), which is connected to the internal space of the sealing cover (2). A dust filter is provided at the pressure exhaust port (571). The interior of the transverse impurity channel (57) is kept at normal pressure through the pressure exhaust port (571).

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sorting chamber is divided into three stages along the material flow direction: the first stage, the second stage, and the third stage. The height of the transverse impurity passage (56) in each stage is set to decrease progressively.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed inlets of each sorting chamber extend upward to form funnel-shaped guide ports (58). The guide ports have a structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and are connected to the feed inlets of the chambers. The central axis of the guide ports is perpendicular to the air inlet direction of the chamber.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An airflow barrier plate (59) is provided near the air inlet in each sorting chamber. The airflow barrier plate (59) is arranged perpendicular to the air inlet direction and is located between the air inlet and the outlet. The bottom end of the airflow barrier plate (59) is fixed to the bottom of the sorting chamber, and a gap is left between the top end of the airflow barrier plate (59) and the top wall of the sorting chamber. Multiple evenly distributed airflow distribution holes are opened on the surface of the airflow barrier plate (59).

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gradient wind speed control structure (6) also includes a frequency converter (65), which is fixed in the lower air supply control area of ​​the frame (1) and located next to the fan. The frequency converter (65) is electrically connected to the fan, and the operation panel of the frequency converter (65) is electrically connected to the frequency converter (65) and set on the outer surface of the sealed cover (2).

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impurity collection mechanism (7) specifically includes: The light impurity collection box (71) is located on the outside of the sealed cover (2) at the corresponding position of the primary sorting chamber and is connected to the outlet of the transverse impurity channel (57) of the primary sorting chamber; The intermediate impurity collection box (72) is located outside the sealed cover (2) at the corresponding position of the secondary sorting cavity and is connected to the outlet of the transverse impurity channel (57) of the secondary sorting cavity; The heavy impurity collection box (73) is located outside the sealed cover (2) at the corresponding position of the three-stage sorting chamber and is connected to the outlet of the transverse impurity channel (57) of the three-stage sorting chamber; The light impurity collection box (71), medium impurity collection box (72), and heavy impurity collection box (73) are all connected to the outlet of the corresponding transverse impurity channel (57) by a snap-fit ​​detachable connection. The snap-fit ​​connection includes: an annular sealing groove at the inlet end of the collection box, a silicone sealing ring embedded in the annular sealing groove, and at least two rotating claws at the outlet end of the transverse impurity channel (57). After the collection box is pushed into place, the rotating claws rotate 90° to lock, and the silicone sealing ring is compressed by 0.5-1mm to form an airtight seal.

9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary pre-filter (91) is equipped with a coarse filter screen (911) and swirling guide vanes (912). The coarse filter screen (911) is fixed to the inner wall of the air inlet of the primary pre-filter (91) by an annular pressure ring. The swirling guide vanes (912) are connected to the rear side of the coarse filter screen (911) by a fixed support and are arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the primary pre-filter (91). The water washing purification component (92) is equipped with a water distribution pipe (921) in the middle of its inner wall. The water distribution pipe (921) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water washing purification component (92) by a pipe clamp and is arranged circumferentially. Several spray holes are opened at the lower part of the water distribution pipe (921). Water flows through the spray holes and sprays downward to form a water curtain. The bottom of the water washing purification component (92) is equipped with a surrounding... An annular water storage groove (922) is provided at the air outlet; the bottom of the side wall of the annular water storage groove (922) is provided with a drain outlet and a drain plug, and the top is provided with an overflow outlet. A transparent observation window is provided on the outer shell of the water washing purification component (92); the high-efficiency filter cartridge fine filter component (93) is provided with a dust removal filter cartridge (931), a porous end cap (932) and a sealing ring (933) inside. The air inlet end of the dust removal filter cartridge (931) is open and faces the direction of airflow. The dust removal filter cartridge (931) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air outlet end of the high-efficiency filter cartridge fine filter component (93) through the porous end cap (932). The sealing ring (933) is sealed between the porous end cap (932) and the inner wall of the high-efficiency filter cartridge fine filter component (93).

10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet and air outlet of the induced draft fan (94) are located at opposite ends of the fan body. The air inlet of the induced draft fan (94) is sealed and connected to the air outlet of the high-efficiency filter cartridge (93) through an airflow pipe. The air outlet of the induced draft fan (94) has no external pipe and is directly connected to the outside space.

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