A yellowing planting method of allium fistulosum

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of vegetable planting, and particularly relates to a yellowing planting method of Chinese chives. The present application places raw rice Chinese chives on a planting substrate, and then lays part of the planting substrate on the upper layer of the raw rice Chinese chives; the placed raw rice Chinese chives are transferred to a lightless and closed environment for growth, the humidity of the planting substrate is kept at 80-85% during the sprouting period of the Chinese chive seeds, and nutrient solution is irrigated after sprouting to enter the yellowing period; harvesting; the planting substrate is composed of coconut husk, grass charcoal, perlite, earthworm manure and organic fertilizer. The planting method of the present application is suitable for large-scale, standardized and industrial Chinese chive yellowing cultivation, can completely break the seasonal restriction, realize stable output of Chinese chive yellowing products in four seasons, significantly improve the uniformity, yield and taste quality of Chinese chive yellowing, reduce the labor cost, guarantee the food safety of the products, and promote the development of the Chinese chive yellowing industry towards industrialization and refinement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vegetable cultivation technology, and in particular to a method for yellowing scallions during cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Shallots ( Allium chinense Shallots (G. Don) are bulbous perennial plants belonging to the genus Allium in the family Liliaceae. They are a unique pungent vegetable native to southern China, rich in nutrients such as sugar, protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, carotene, and vitamin C. They also possess high medicinal value, making them a high-yield, high-efficiency, and highly nutritious vegetable crop suitable for both medicinal and health purposes. Both the tender leaves and bulbs of shallots can be stir-fried, resulting in a fragrant and delicious dish. The bulbs are typically processed into side dishes using salt, vinegar, or honey, and can also be canned, offering a promising market prospect. The optimal temperature for shallot leaf growth is 15-21℃, with slow growth even at 5-10℃. The optimal temperature for bulb enlargement is 20℃, and they enter dormancy above 30℃. Their growth cycle is significantly influenced by the natural seasons.

[0003] Shallots naturally turn yellow in low light conditions. Due to this special environment, the resulting yellowed shallots have significantly higher edible and medicinal value than ordinary shallots, with a refreshing taste and rich nutrition, making them extremely popular in the market. Currently, the production of yellowed shallots mainly relies on the traditional hilling method. This method requires multiple hillings during the shallot's growth process to bury the leaves in the soil and block sunlight, thus achieving yellowing. Each yellowing process typically requires 3-5 hillings, which is not only labor-intensive and costly, but also prone to erosion by heavy rains, exposing the pseudostems and requiring re-hilling, further increasing the workload. Furthermore, the traditional hilling method requires increasing the spacing between planting rows to utilize the soil between rows, resulting in low planting density, insufficient soil fertility utilization, and low yield per unit area. Moreover, due to the limited optimal temperature for shallot growth and the natural seasons, yellowing production cannot be carried out year-round, resulting in a concentrated market supply that cannot meet year-round market demand. In addition, the traditional soil-building method lacks standardized environmental control and water and fertilizer management, which can easily lead to uneven yellowing of scallions, poor taste, and soil compaction, causing pests and diseases, which further affect the yield and quality of yellowed scallions.

[0004] While existing technologies have attempted to replace soil cultivation with simple shading methods, they still adhere to traditional open or semi-open-air planting models, failing to achieve a fully controllable chlorosis environment and lacking standardized factory-style production processes. Furthermore, there is a lack of systematic research on suitable planting methods and supporting substrate formulations for factory-style cultivation, leading to problems such as unstable chlorosis effects, significant seasonal influences, and low production efficiency. Therefore, this invention optimizes the process through phased experiments: first, comparative experiments on different planting methods are conducted to select the optimal method; then, based on the optimal planting method, comparative experiments on different substrate formulations are conducted to select the optimal substrate formulation, ultimately forming a factory-style, efficient, and high-quality scallion chlorosis production method, solving the current technical problems urgently needing to be addressed in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for the yellowing cultivation of shallots, which, combined with factory-style closed-environment control and standardized water and fertilizer management, completely breaks through seasonal limitations and achieves stable production of yellowed shallots throughout the year. This solves the technical pain points of traditional soil cultivation methods, such as high labor intensity, low yield, uneven yellowing, and seasonal limitations. At the same time, it improves the quality and commercial value of yellowed shallots, reduces production costs, and provides technical support for the large-scale and standardized production of yellowed shallots.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: One of the technical solutions of this invention provides a method for etiolation cultivation of shallots, characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Place the raw scallions on the planting substrate, and then lay another layer of planting substrate on top of the raw scallions; (2) Transfer the prepared raw rice scallions to a dark and enclosed environment for growth. During the germination period of the scallion seeds, maintain the humidity of the planting substrate at 80-85%. After germination, water with nutrient solution during the yellowing period. (3) Harvesting; The planting substrate is composed of coconut coir, peat moss, perlite, earthworm castings and organic fertilizer; the volume ratio of coconut coir, peat moss, perlite, earthworm castings and organic fertilizer is 10~15:5~15:5~15:1.

[0007] Optionally, the thickness of the lower layer of the raw shallot planting substrate is 8-10cm, and the thickness of the upper layer of the raw shallot planting substrate is 5-6cm.

[0008] Optionally, the moisture content of the planting substrate should be 60-85%.

[0009] Optionally, the growth temperature is 20~22℃, the air humidity is 70~85%, and ventilation is provided for 2 hours every 12 hours.

[0010] Optionally, during the yellowing period, when the moisture content of the planting substrate is ≤60%, nutrient solution should be irrigated until the moisture content of the planting substrate reaches 85%.

[0011] Optionally, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 1.8 mS / cm.

[0012] Optionally, the harvesting time is when the above-ground part of the scallion grows to about 25cm, and it is harvested in four batches, on the 15th, 30th, 45th and 60th day after planting.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention adopts a fully enclosed plant factory, which precisely controls environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and ventilation to completely simulate the suitable conditions required for the etiolation growth of shallots. It is not affected by natural seasons or external climate, and can realize the year-round batch production of etiolated shallots. It solves the problems of seasonal restrictions and concentrated market time of traditional soil cultivation methods, and meets the market demand throughout the year.

[0014] 2. This invention adopts factory-style standardized planting, replacing the traditional multiple soil-building mode with substrate cultivation, which simplifies the production process and greatly reduces the intensity of manual labor; at the same time, the use of standardized planting containers and management processes facilitates large-scale operation, improves production efficiency, and reduces labor costs.

[0015] 3. This invention uses an experimental screening method to select the optimal planting substrate formula (coconut coir: peat moss: perlite: earthworm castings: organic fertilizer = 10:15:5:5:1), combined with precise water and fertilizer management and environmental control, to ensure uniform yellowing and robust growth of the shallots. Experimental verification shows that the yellowed shallots cultivated by this method can yield a total yield of 4.73 kg per pot after four harvests, which is significantly higher than other substrate formulas and planting methods. Moreover, the yellowed shallots have a refreshing taste, are free of fiber, retain their nutrients completely, and have a significantly improved commercial value.

[0016] 4. This invention adopts a factory-style closed planting model, which disinfects the planting containers, substrates and factory environment in advance, reducing the breeding and spread of pests and diseases; at the same time, standardized water and fertilizer management is adopted throughout the process, eliminating the need for pesticides to control pests and diseases, effectively avoiding pesticide residues, ensuring the food safety of yellowed shallots, and meeting the requirements of green food production.

[0017] 5. This invention clarifies the standardized operating procedures for each stage of the experimental screening process, including bulb selection, substrate formulation, environmental parameters, water and fertilizer management, and harvesting. The parameters are clear and highly reproducible, requiring no complex planting experience, which facilitates large-scale industrial promotion and application, and promotes the development of the scallion yellowing industry towards refinement, standardization, and industrialization. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0020] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0021] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be obvious to those skilled in the art. This application specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0022] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0023] All raw materials used in this invention can be obtained commercially or prepared using existing technologies.

[0024] This invention provides a method for etiolated cultivation of shallots, characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Place the raw scallions on the planting substrate, and then lay another layer of planting substrate on top of the raw scallions; (2) Transfer the prepared raw rice scallions to a dark and enclosed environment for growth. During the germination period of the scallion seeds, maintain the humidity of the planting substrate at 80-85%. After germination, water with nutrient solution during the yellowing period. (3) Harvesting; In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, healthy shallot seeds with neat and regular shape, large and uniform size, white color, free from pests, diseases, wounds, and mold are selected. Rotten, shriveled, weak, and deformed seeds are removed to ensure that the seeds are plump and strong, laying the foundation for subsequent yellowing growth. The selected shallot seeds are rinsed with clean water to remove the soil and impurities attached to the surface. After draining the water, they are placed in a ventilated and dry place to air dry for 1 to 2 days for later use.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the planting substrate is placed in a planting container, preferably a standardized planting pot with a width of 54cm, a height of 28cm, and a height of 20cm, which facilitates factory placement, management, and harvesting, while ensuring the space required for the growth of scallions.

[0026] In this invention, the planting substrate is composed of coconut coir, peat moss, perlite, earthworm castings, and organic fertilizer; the volume ratio of coconut coir, peat moss, perlite, earthworm castings, and organic fertilizer is 10~15:5~15:5~15:1, for example, it can be 10:10:10:5:1, 15:5:10:5:1, 10:15:5:5:1 or 10:5:15:5:1, etc., preferably 10:15:5:5:1.

[0027] The planting substrate selected in this invention is loose, breathable, fertile, and has good water and fertilizer retention properties.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the growth of raw shallots takes place in a completely enclosed plant factory. The environmental control system inside the factory is adjusted to ensure constant temperature and humidity control. At the same time, a ventilation device is configured to ventilate for 2 hours every 12 hours to ensure air circulation inside the factory. The planting pots, substrate and the inside of the plant factory are disinfected in advance to avoid the growth of pests and diseases.

[0029] In this invention, the thickness of the lower layer of the raw shallot planting substrate is 8-10cm, preferably 10cm, and the thickness of the upper layer of the raw shallot planting substrate is 5-6cm, preferably 6cm.

[0030] In this invention, the moisture content of the planting substrate is 60-85%, preferably 85%.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the prepared planting substrate is spread evenly in the sterilized planting pot to a thickness of 8-10 cm. Then, the pretreated shallot seeds are evenly placed on the surface of the substrate, with each pot containing 3 kg of shallot seeds, ensuring that the shallot seeds are placed neatly and evenly spaced to avoid crowding and affecting growth. After the shallot seeds are placed, another layer of the same planting substrate is laid on the surface to a thickness of 5-6 cm, completely covering the shallot seeds. After laying the substrate, water is applied to make the substrate moisture reach about 85%, ensuring that the shallot seeds are in close contact with the substrate and meet the germination requirements.

[0032] In this invention, the growth temperature is 20~22℃, the air humidity is 70~85%, and ventilation is carried out for 2 hours every 12 hours.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the planting pots containing the shallot seeds are placed in a fully commissioned plant factory. The factory is kept completely closed and without light exposure throughout the process to ensure that the shallots turn yellow in the dark environment. At the same time, the environmental parameters inside the factory are stably controlled to maintain a temperature of 20°C and an air humidity of 70%-85%. Ventilation is managed according to a pattern of ventilating for 2 hours every 12 hours to ensure fresh air inside the factory and to avoid oxygen deficiency caused by the closed environment, which would affect the growth of the shallots.

[0034] In this invention, during the etiolation period, when the moisture content of the planting substrate is ≤60%, nutrient solution is irrigated, and irrigation is stopped when the moisture content of the planting substrate reaches 85%.

[0035] In this invention, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 1.8 mS / cm.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nutrient solution is preferably Japanese Yamazaki nutrient solution; The nutrient solution includes macro-elements and trace elements; The macroelements include calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O) 236 mg / L, potassium nitrate (KNO3) 404 mg / L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH4PO3) 57 mg / L, and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4·7H2O) 123 mg / L. The trace elements include disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-2Na) 27.8 mg / L, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4·7H2O) 37.2 mg / L, boric acid (H3BO3) 2.86 mg / L, manganese sulfate tetrahydrate (MnSO4·4H2O) 2.13 mg / L, zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO4·7H2O) 0.22 mg / L, copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O) 0.08 mg / L, and ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate ((NH4)6Mo7O 24 ·4H2O) 0.02mg / L.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, from the completion of sowing and placement to the germination of shallot seeds, the substrate moisture is kept stable at 80%-85%. If the substrate moisture is lower than 80%, water should be applied in time to ensure that the shallot seeds germinate smoothly.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the shallot seeds germinate and enter the etiolation growth stage, they are irrigated with nutrient solution; when the substrate moisture drops to 60%, the nutrient solution is irrigated in time until the substrate moisture reaches 85% and then the irrigation is stopped, so as to ensure that the nutrient and water supply is sufficient and stable during the etiolation growth of the shallots.

[0039] In this invention, the harvesting time is when the above-ground part of the scallion grows to about 25cm, and it is harvested in four times, on the 15th, 30th, 45th and 60th day after planting.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during harvesting, one hand holds the above-ground part of the scallion, while the other hand holds a knife and cuts it flat against the substrate surface. After harvesting, the substrate attached to the surface of the scallion is gently shaken off to make it clean and tidy, avoiding damage to the scallion bulbs and leaves, and ensuring that the harvested yellowed scallions have good marketability.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, harvesting is carried out in batches to achieve phased market entry and improve planting efficiency.

[0042] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention were carried out at the Anyi base of Nanchang Jinming Modern Agricultural Technology Service Co., Ltd., and production was carried out based on the results of two-stage experimental screening.

[0044] Example 1 (1) Selection and pretreatment of seed bulbs: Select raw rice scallion varieties, select healthy scallion seeds that are neat and upright in shape, large and uniform in size, white in color, free from pests and diseases, wounds and mold, and remove rotten, shriveled, diseased and weak and deformed seed bulbs; rinse the selected scallion seeds with clean water, drain the water, and place them in a ventilated and dry place to air dry for 1 day for later use.

[0045] (2) Preparation for factory planting: Select planting pots with a length of 54cm, a width of 28cm and a height of 20cm. After cleaning, disinfect them with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution and let them dry. Prepare the planting substrate by mixing coconut coir, peat moss, perlite, earthworm castings and organic fertilizer in a volume ratio of 10:15:5:5:1. Select a fully enclosed plant factory, adjust the environmental control system to ensure that the temperature can be stably controlled at 20℃ and the air humidity is controlled at 70%-85%. Set the ventilation device to ventilate for 2 hours every 12 hours. Spray disinfection inside the plant factory and let it dry.

[0046] (3) Sowing and substrate laying: Spread the prepared planting substrate evenly in the sterilized planting pots with a thickness of 10cm. Then, place the pretreated shallot seeds evenly on the surface of the substrate, with 3kg of shallot seeds per pot. After the shallot seeds are placed, lay another 6cm thick planting substrate on the surface to completely cover the shallot seeds. After laying, water with clean water to make the substrate moisture reach 85%.

[0047] (4) Factory-style environmental control: Place the planting pots with the seeds inside the plant factory, close the factory doors and windows, and maintain a completely dark environment; control the temperature inside the factory to 20℃ and the air humidity to about 75%, and manage ventilation according to the pattern of ventilating for 2 hours every 12 hours. Monitor environmental parameters throughout the process to ensure stable compliance.

[0048] (5) Daily water and fertilizer management: From the time the seeds are placed to the time the seeds germinate, keep the substrate moisture at 80%-85%. If the substrate moisture is lower than 80%, irrigate with clean water in time. After the seeds germinate, they enter the yellowing period. Use Japanese Yamazaki nutrient solution for irrigation. The EC value of the nutrient solution should be controlled at 1.8mS / cm. When the substrate moisture drops to 60%, irrigate with nutrient solution until the substrate moisture reaches 85% and then stop. The nutrient solution formula is prepared according to the following content: calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O) 236 mg / L, potassium nitrate (KNO3) 404 mg / L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH4PO3) 57 mg / L, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4·7H2O) 123 mg / L, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-2Na) 27.8 mg / L, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4·7H2O) 37.2 mg / L, boric acid (H3BO3) 2.86 mg / L, manganese sulfate tetrahydrate (MnSO4·4H2O) 2.13 mg / L, zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO4·7H2O) 0.22 mg / L, copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O) 0.08 mg / L, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate ((NH4)6Mo7O 24 ·4H2O) 0.02mg / L.

[0049] (6) Harvesting: Harvest four times on the 15th, 30th, 45th and 60th day after planting. When the above-ground part of the scallion grows to about 25cm, hold the above-ground part of the scallion with your left hand and use a knife in your right hand to cut it flat on the substrate surface. After harvesting, shake off the surface substrate and clean it.

[0050] In this embodiment, the total yield of yellowed shallots from four harvests per pot was 4.73 kg, of which the first harvest yielded 1.14 kg, the second harvest 1.25 kg, the third harvest 1.11 kg, and the fourth harvest 1.23 kg. The harvested yellowed shallots were uniformly yellowed, with tender leaves, no fibrous texture, a refreshing taste, and no pesticide residues, meeting the standards for green food.

[0051] Example 2 The only difference from Example 1 is that the planting substrate is mixed evenly in the following ratio: coconut coir: peat moss: perlite: earthworm castings: organic fertilizer = 10:10:10:5:1 (volume ratio). All other steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0052] Example 3 The only difference from Example 1 is that coconut coir: peat moss: perlite: earthworm castings: organic fertilizer = 15:5:10:5:1 (volume ratio) are mixed evenly, and the remaining steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0053] Example 4 The only difference from Example 1 is that coconut coir: peat moss: perlite: earthworm castings: organic fertilizer = 10: 5: 15: 5: 1 (volume ratio) are mixed evenly, and the remaining steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0054] Example 5 The only difference from Example 1 is that the garden soil and organic fertilizer are mixed evenly in a ratio of 35:1 (by volume). All other steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0055] The yield of yellowed shallots from the five substrate formulations in Examples 1-5 was calculated, and the total weight of the yellowed shallots from four harvests was determined. The results showed that Example 1 had a total yield of 4.73 kg per pot, significantly higher than the other formulations (Example 2: 3.68 kg, Example 3: 3.48 kg, Example 4: 3.44 kg, and Formulation 5: 3.21 kg). Furthermore, the shallots grown in Example 1 exhibited more uniform yellowing and better taste. Therefore, Example 1 was determined to be the optimal substrate formulation for subsequent industrial production. Specific experimental data are shown in Table 1 below. Table 1. Shallot yellowing yield in Examples 1-5

[0056] Comparative Example 1 (1) Selection and pretreatment of seed bulbs: Select raw rice scallion varieties, select healthy scallion seeds that are neat and upright in shape, large and uniform in size, white in color, free from pests and diseases, wounds and mold, and remove rotten, shriveled, diseased and weak and deformed seed bulbs; rinse the selected scallion seeds with clean water, drain the water, and place them in a ventilated and dry place to air dry for 1 day for later use.

[0057] (2) Preparation for factory planting: Select planting pots with a length of 54cm, a width of 28cm and a height of 20cm. After cleaning, disinfect them with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution and let them dry for later use. Prepare the planting substrate by mixing coconut coir, mud and perlite in a volume ratio of 1:1:1 and let it dry for later use. Select a fully enclosed plant factory, adjust the environmental control system to ensure that the temperature can be stably controlled at 20℃ and the air humidity is controlled at 70%-85%. Set the ventilation device to ventilate for 2 hours every 12 hours. Spray disinfection is carried out inside the plant factory and let it dry for later use.

[0058] (3) Sowing and substrate laying: Spread the prepared planting substrate evenly in the sterilized planting pots, with a thickness of 10cm. Then, place the pretreated shallot seeds evenly on the surface of the substrate, with 3kg of shallot seeds per pot. After the shallot seeds are placed, lay another 6cm thick planting substrate on the surface to completely cover the shallot seeds. After laying, water with clean water to make the substrate moisture reach about 80%.

[0059] (4) Daily water and fertilizer management: Water according to the substrate moisture. When the substrate moisture is below 60%, water with clean water until the moisture reaches 85%.

[0060] (5) Harvesting: Harvest on the 15th and 30th day after planting. When the above-ground part of the scallion grows to about 25cm, hold the above-ground part of the scallion with your left hand and use a knife in your right hand to cut it flat against the substrate surface. After harvesting, shake off the surface substrate and clean it.

[0061] Comparative Example 2 (1) Selection and pretreatment of seed bulbs: Select raw rice scallion varieties, select healthy scallion seeds that are neat and upright in shape, large and uniform in size, white in color, free from pests and diseases, wounds and mold, and remove rotten, shriveled, diseased and weak and deformed seed bulbs; rinse the selected scallion seeds with clean water, drain the water, and place them in a ventilated and dry place to air dry for 1 day for later use.

[0062] (2) Preparation for factory planting: Select planting pots with a length of 54cm, a width of 28cm and a height of 20cm. After cleaning, disinfect them with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution and let them dry for later use. Select a completely enclosed plant factory, adjust the environmental control system to ensure that the temperature can be stably controlled at 20℃ and the air humidity is controlled at 70%-85%. Set the ventilation device to ventilate for 2 hours every 12 hours. Spray disinfection is carried out inside the plant factory and let it dry for later use.

[0063] (3) Sowing and placement: Set up 3 replicates, place 3kg of shallot seeds in each pot, add water to the placed planting pots to a height of 5cm, and place an oxygen pump in the pot; (4) Daily water and fertilizer management: When the water level in the planting pot is less than 3cm, add clean water until the level is 5cm. Turn on the oxygen pump for 20 minutes every 4 hours.

[0064] (5) Harvesting: Harvest on the 15th and 30th day after planting. When the above-ground part of the scallion grows to about 25cm, hold the above-ground part of the scallion with your left hand and use a knife in your right hand to cut it flat against the substrate surface. After harvesting, shake off the surface substrate and clean it.

[0065] Comparative Example 3 (1) Selection and pretreatment of seed bulbs: Select raw rice scallion varieties, select healthy scallion seeds that are neat and upright in shape, large and uniform in size, white in color, free from pests and diseases, wounds and mold, and remove rotten, shriveled, diseased and weak and deformed seed bulbs; rinse the selected scallion seeds with clean water, drain the water, and place them in a ventilated and dry place to air dry for 1 day for later use.

[0066] (2) Preparation for factory planting: Select planting pots with a length of 54cm, a width of 28cm and a height of 20cm. After cleaning, disinfect them with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution and let them dry for later use. Select a completely enclosed plant factory, adjust the environmental control system to ensure that the temperature can be stably controlled at 20℃ and the air humidity is controlled at 70%-85%. Set the ventilation device to ventilate for 2 hours every 12 hours. Spray disinfection is carried out inside the plant factory and let it dry for later use.

[0067] (3) Sowing and placement: Set up 3 replicates, place 3kg of shallot seeds in each pot, and spray the shallot seeds with clean water using a handheld watering can.

[0068] (4) Daily water and fertilizer management: spray clean water three times a day, morning, noon and evening.

[0069] (5) Harvesting: Harvest on the 15th and 30th day after planting. When the above-ground part of the scallion grows to about 25cm, hold the above-ground part of the scallion with your left hand and use a knife in your right hand to cut it flat against the substrate surface. After harvesting, shake off the surface substrate and clean it.

[0070] The yield of yellowed shallots under three planting methods (Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3) was measured, and the total weight of the yellowed shallots from two harvests was calculated. The results showed that the total yield per pot for substrate cultivation in Comparative Example 1 was 1.79 kg, for hydroponics in Comparative Example 2 it was 1.52 kg, and for air cultivation in Comparative Example 3 it was 1.31 kg. All yields were lower than those of the planting methods in Examples 1-5. However, compared to substrate cultivation, hydroponics, and air cultivation, substrate cultivation resulted in the highest yellowing yield and the best yellowing effect for the shallots. Therefore, substrate cultivation was determined to be the optimal planting method. Specific experimental data are shown in Table 2 below. Table 2. Shallot yellowing yield in Examples 6-8

[0071] This invention compares three planting methods: substrate culture, hydroponics, and aeroponics. Substrate culture yields the highest output and exhibits the best etiolation effect. Based on substrate culture, five substrate formulas were compared, and the optimal formula was selected to ensure that production parameters are scientifically reasonable, providing solid support for high-quality and high-yield industrial production.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for etiolated cultivation of shallots, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Place the raw scallions on the planting substrate, and then lay another layer of planting substrate on top of the raw scallions; (2) Transfer the prepared raw rice scallions to a dark and enclosed environment for growth. During the germination period of the scallion seeds, maintain the humidity of the planting substrate at 80-85%. After germination, water with nutrient solution during the yellowing period. (3) Harvesting; The planting substrate is composed of coconut coir, peat moss, perlite, earthworm castings and organic fertilizer; the volume ratio of coconut coir, peat moss, perlite, earthworm castings and organic fertilizer is 10~15:5~15:5~15:

1.

2. The method for etiolation cultivation of shallots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the lower layer of the substrate for planting raw shallots is 8-10cm, and the thickness of the upper layer of the substrate for planting raw shallots is 5-6cm.

3. The method for etiolation cultivation of shallots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moisture content of the planting substrate should be 60-85%.

4. The method for etiolation cultivation of shallots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The growth temperature is 20~22℃, the air humidity is 70~85%, and ventilation is provided for 2 hours every 12 hours.

5. The method for etiolation cultivation of shallots according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the yellowing period, when the moisture content of the planting substrate is ≤60%, irrigate with nutrient solution until the moisture content of the planting substrate reaches 85%.

6. The method for etiolation cultivation of shallots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The EC value of the nutrient solution is 1.8 mS / cm.

7. The method for etiolation cultivation of shallots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The harvesting time is when the scallions grow to about 25cm above ground, and they are harvested in four batches, on the 15th, 30th, 45th and 60th day after planting.

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