Auxiliary device for welding of spherical tank and welding method

Abstract

This invention discloses an auxiliary device and welding method for welding spherical tanks, relating to the field of welding technology. It is applicable to support columns, which include an upper column and a lower column, and further include a receiving unit and a limiting unit. The device includes a receiving seat fixed to the lower column, a receiving sleeve sleeved on the column, and a connecting structure between the receiving seat and the receiving sleeve. The receiving sleeve moves vertically, and the connecting structure is used to fix the receiving seat and the receiving sleeve. The limiting unit includes a limiting sleeve rotatably connected to the receiving sleeve, multiple abutment wheels installed on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve, and a rotating structure drively connected to the limiting sleeve. The abutment wheels abut against the outer wall of the upper or lower column. The limiting sleeve has multiple through-holes spaced vertically, and the rotating structure drives the limiting sleeve to rotate about the vertical axis. This invention improves the welding quality of support column assemblies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding technology, specifically to auxiliary devices and welding methods for spherical tank welding. Background Technology

[0002] As large storage and transportation equipment, spherical tanks typically employ a construction process of segmented manufacturing and on-site welding for their support columns. To facilitate prefabrication and transportation in the factory, the support columns are divided into upper and lower sections, which must be precisely joined and welded together during on-site construction.

[0003] However, the supports are interconnected by adjustable tie rods. During construction, the sequence of welding the supports first and then installing the tie rods is often adopted, which results in a lack of effective restraint on the supports during the welding process, thus leading to poor welding quality of the supports. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an auxiliary device and welding method for spherical tank welding, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an auxiliary device for welding spherical tanks, suitable for support columns, the support column including an upper support column and a lower support column, and further comprising:

[0006] The receiving unit includes a receiving seat fixed to the lower support column, a receiving sleeve sleeved on the support column, and a connecting structure disposed between the receiving seat and the receiving sleeve. The receiving sleeve moves vertically, and the connecting structure is used to fix the receiving seat and the receiving sleeve.

[0007] The limiting unit includes a limiting sleeve rotatably connected to the receiving sleeve, a plurality of abutting wheels installed on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve, and a rotating structure drivenly connected to the limiting sleeve. The abutting wheels abut against the outer wall of the upper support or the lower support. The limiting sleeve has a plurality of through working ports, which are spaced apart around the vertical direction. The rotating structure is used to drive the limiting sleeve to rotate around the vertical axis.

[0008] Furthermore, an air cavity is provided inside the limiting sleeve, and a plurality of air injection holes communicating with the air cavity are provided on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve;

[0009] The auxiliary device for welding the spherical tank also includes a gas injection unit connected to the gas cavity, which is used to inject gas into the gas cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner wall of the receiving sleeve is recessed inward to form an annular receiving cavity, and a sealing unit is provided in the receiving cavity. The sealing unit includes multiple protruding structures arranged in a vertical direction and a covering structure corresponding to each of the protruding structures.

[0011] The covering structure includes two oppositely arranged winding assemblies and a sealing strip wound around the winding assemblies. The winding assemblies are used to wind up or unwind the sealing strip.

[0012] The protruding structure includes a telescopic member fixed to the inner wall of the receiving cavity and an arc-shaped plate fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic member. The telescopic member is located between the two winding assemblies and also extends and retracts radially along the receiving seat.

[0013] Furthermore, the extension structure also includes two extension plates that are respectively slidably disposed on both sides of the arc-shaped plate and an extension member that is drively connected to the extension plates. The extension member is used to drive the extension plates to move along the arc-shaped plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a contact roller is rotatably connected to the end of the extension plate away from the arc-shaped plate, and the contact roller abuts against the sealing strip.

[0015] Furthermore, the limiting unit also includes a side top structure disposed on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve. The side top structure corresponds one-to-one with the abutting wheel. The side top structure includes a fixed seat connected to the limiting sleeve, an ejector seat slidably disposed on the fixed seat, an elastic member fixed between the fixed seat and the ejector seat, and a monitoring member communicatively connected to the elastic member. The elastic member has a preload force that causes the ejector seat to move away from the fixed seat. The monitoring member is used to monitor the extension and retraction of the elastic member.

[0016] Furthermore, the fixed base has a sliding cavity for the ejector seat to slide;

[0017] The side-top structure also includes an ejector fixed between the limiting sleeve and the fixed seat, and an injection assembly communicating with the sliding cavity. The ejector extends and retracts radially along the limiting sleeve, and the injection assembly is used to inject or extract contents into the sliding cavity.

[0018] Furthermore, the connecting structure is provided with multiple connections spaced apart in the vertical direction, and the inner wall of the receiving sleeve is provided with connecting grooves that correspond one-to-one with the connecting structure.

[0019] The connection structure includes a locking block that slides on the inner wall of the connection groove and a connecting screw that passes through the receiving sleeve. The locking block moves radially along the receiving sleeve and has a locking groove that is adapted to engage with the receiving seat. The connecting screw is rotatably connected to the locking block.

[0020] Furthermore, the connection structure also includes an airbag disposed on the inner wall of the slot and a pneumatic component connected to the airbag, the pneumatic component being used to inflate or deflate the airbag.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the working port, combined with the rotating structure, allows the operator to perform segmented continuous welding of the entire weld seam by simply rotating the limiting sleeve. Throughout the welding process, the limiting sleeve and the abutment wheel maintain uniform radial constraint on the upper and lower supports, eliminating the need to weld any temporary fixtures on the support surface. This effectively prevents the support from tilting, twisting, and cumulative deformation, thus improving the welding quality.

[0022] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for welding spherical tanks, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S10. Hoist the lower support column, upper support column, and equatorial plate. Adjust the alignment accuracy of the upper and lower support columns using auxiliary devices, and adjust the joint between the two plates (top edge misalignment and levelness, joint misalignment, edge angle, and gap) to meet the requirements.

[0024] S20. Install the lower heating plate. When hoisting, use double pulleys to fix it on the positioning block with saddle clamps. When installing the first lower heating plate, first use gantry clamps to lock the circumferential joint position. Then, remove the hook to hoist the second lower heating plate. Similarly, first use gantry clamps to lock the circumferential joint position. Then use gantry clamps to connect the longitudinal joints to make them a whole. The other lower heating plates are hoisted in the same way.

[0025] S30. When installing the lower electrode plate, two hoists should be hung on the top of the electrode plate to adjust and stabilize the curvature of the lower circumferential seam within the acceptable deviation (to prevent the hoists from slipping).

[0026] S40. Hoist the upper heating plate. The hoisting method for the upper heating plate is the same as that for the lower heating plate. Use a saddle clamp to hoist the plate at the positioning block. First, fix the position of the circumferential joint, and then fix the position of the longitudinal joint.

[0027] S50. When hoisting the upper electrode belt, guy ropes should be pulled out from the outside, and hoists should be used to tighten them. Hoist chain slippage should be prevented. The assembly sequence of the upper electrode plate is the same as that of the lower electrode plate.

[0028] S60. Erect scaffolding inside and outside the spherical tank. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the completed assembly of the spherical tank according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating the auxiliary device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of part B in the middle section;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the sealing unit of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 10. Spherical tank; 101. Upper support column; 102. Lower support column; 103. Equatorial plate; 104. Upper heating plate; 105. Upper electrode plate; 106. Lower heating plate; 107. Lower electrode plate;

[0035] 20. Receiving unit; 201. Receiving seat; 202. Receiving sleeve; 2021. Storage cavity; 2022. Connecting groove; 203. Locking block; 2031. Locking slot; 204. Connecting screw;

[0036] 30. Limiting unit; 301. Limiting sleeve; 3011. Working port; 3012. Air chamber; 3013. Air injection hole; 302. Abutting wheel; 303. Fixed seat; 3031. Sliding cavity; 304. Ejector seat; 305. Elastic component; 306. Side ejector component;

[0037] 40. Sealing unit; 401. Rewinding assembly; 402. Sealing strip; 403. Telescopic component; 404. Arc plate; 405. Extension plate; 4051. Contact roller. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] like Figures 2-5 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: an auxiliary device for welding a spherical tank 10, suitable for a support column, the support column including an upper support column 101 and a lower support column 102, and further including a receiving unit 20 and a limiting unit 30; the receiving unit 20 includes a receiving seat 201 fixed to the lower support column 102, a receiving sleeve 202 sleeved on the support column, and a connecting structure disposed between the receiving seat 201 and the receiving sleeve 202, the receiving sleeve 202 moving in the vertical direction, and the connecting structure used to connect the receiving seat 201 and the receiving sleeve. 202 is fixed; the limiting unit 30 includes a limiting sleeve 301 rotatably connected to the receiving sleeve 202, a plurality of abutting wheels 302 installed on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve 301, and a rotating structure connected to the limiting sleeve 301 in a transmission manner. The abutting wheels 302 abut against the outer wall of the upper support 101 or the lower support 102. The limiting sleeve 301 has a plurality of through working ports 3011. The plurality of working ports 3011 are spaced apart around the vertical direction. The rotating structure is used to drive the limiting sleeve 301 to rotate around the vertical direction as the rotation axis.

[0040] The auxiliary device for welding the spherical tank 10 provided in this application allows the operator to fix the receiving seat 201 to the upper end of the lower support column 102, then hoist the upper support column 101 down to align with the lower support column 102, and then slide the receiving sleeve 202 vertically to the target height position; during the process of the limiting sleeve 301 being fitted into the upper support column 101, multiple abutting wheels 302 installed on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve 301 abut against the outer wall of the upper support column 101 or the lower support column 102 respectively, and the operator can determine whether the upper support column 101 and the lower support column 102 are aligned by feeling the resistance of the movement of the limiting sleeve 301.

[0041] After the upper and lower support columns 102 are aligned, the receiving sleeve 202 and the receiving seat 201 are locked together by the connecting structure. The operator drives the limiting sleeve 301 to rotate vertically through the rotating structure, so that the working port 3011 on the limiting sleeve 301 is aligned with the welding area of ​​the joint between the upper support column 101 and the lower support column 102. The operator inserts the welding tool into the working port 3011 and welds the joint in that area. After completing this section of the weld, the operator again drives the limiting sleeve 301 to rotate by a predetermined angle through the rotating structure, so that the working port 3011 is aligned with the adjacent area to be welded, and the operator continues to weld. This process of rotation and welding is repeated until the entire joint is welded.

[0042] Throughout the welding process, the limiting sleeve 301 applies a uniform radial constraint force to the upper support 101 and the lower support 102 via the abutment wheel 302, ensuring that the supports maintain a stable alignment under the welding thermal cycle. After the entire weld is completed and cooled, the auxiliary device remains on the support.

[0043] Compared with existing technologies, during the process of fitting the limiting sleeve 301 into the upper support column 101, the abutting wheels 302 abut against the outer wall of the upper or lower support column 102 respectively. The operator can judge whether the upper and lower support columns 102 are aligned by feeling the resistance of the limiting sleeve 301 moving. When the limiting sleeve 301 can be fitted smoothly and the resistance of each abutting wheel 302 is uniform, it indicates that the coaxiality of the upper and lower support columns 102 is good. Conversely, when the limiting sleeve 301 is stuck or has biased resistance during the fitting process, it indicates that the hoisting alignment needs to be readjusted. This alignment judgment mechanism based on tactile feedback does not require the use of external measuring instruments, which greatly simplifies the alignment operation process and shortens the hoisting time.

[0044] The working port 3011, in conjunction with the rotating structure, allows the operator to perform segmented continuous welding of the entire weld seam simply by rotating the limiting sleeve 301. Throughout the welding process, the limiting sleeve 301 and the abutment wheel 302 maintain uniform radial constraint on the upper and lower support columns 102, eliminating the need to weld any temporary fixtures onto the support surface. This effectively prevents the support columns from tilting, twisting, and undergoing cumulative deformation, thereby improving the welding quality.

[0045] After all the weld seams are completed and cooled, the auxiliary device is retained on the support column as an additional reinforcing structure at the joint of the support column. It continuously provides radial support and torsional resistance during the subsequent overall installation and long-term operation of the spherical tank 10, further improving the structural safety redundancy of the support column of the spherical tank 10.

[0046] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 The limiting sleeve 301 has an air cavity 3012 inside, and the inner wall of the limiting sleeve 301 has a plurality of air injection holes 3013 connected to the air cavity 3012.

[0047] The auxiliary device for welding the spherical tank 10 also includes a gas injection unit connected to the gas chamber 3012, which is used to inject gas into the gas chamber 3012.

[0048] Optionally, the gas injection unit includes a high-pressure gas cylinder, a pressure reducer, and a gas supply pipeline. The high-pressure gas cylinder contains high-purity argon gas (purity not less than 99.99%). The pressure reducer is connected to the cylinder neck to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure gas inside the cylinder to the working pressure. One end of the gas supply pipeline is connected to the output end of the pressure reducer, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the gas chamber 3012 of the limiting sleeve 301. The high-pressure gas cylinder can be a 40L standard industrial gas cylinder with a working pressure of 15MPa. The outlet pressure of the pressure reducer is set to 0.2 to 0.3MPa. The gas supply pipeline uses pressure-resistant rubber hoses or polyurethane tubing. A gas flow meter can be installed in the pipeline to monitor and adjust the gas supply flow rate in real time, with a flow control range of 5 to 20L / min. Bottled gas supply systems are simple in structure and highly independent, making them suitable for flexible movement and rapid deployment between multiple workstations on construction sites. They are not limited by external pipeline conditions, and gas cylinders are easy to replace. Gas supply can be replenished through centralized gas supply stations or gas cylinder trucks, which can meet the long-term, uninterrupted supply of protective gas during continuous welding.

[0049] The operator connects the gas output end of the gas injection unit to the air inlet of the gas chamber 3012 of the limiting sleeve 301. After the gas injection unit is started, the protective gas (for S30408 ​​stainless steel support, high-purity argon is usually used) is continuously injected into the gas chamber 3012 inside the limiting sleeve 301 through the air inlet. The gas is evenly distributed in the gas chamber 3012 and a stable positive pressure environment is established. The gas injected into the gas chamber 3012 is ejected outward through the gas injection hole 3013 under pressure.

[0050] The shielding gas is continuously sprayed into the welding area, forming an inert gas covering layer in the joint. The operator inserts the welding tool into the working port 3011 to perform welding. The shielding gas is continuously supplied during the welding process to ensure that the root of the weld and the molten pool are always under gas protection.

[0051] A local inert gas environment is formed around the weld and its heat-affected zone, effectively isolating oxygen in the air and preventing oxidation and discoloration at the weld root and intergranular oxidation at high temperatures. This ensures that the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the stainless steel weld metal are not damaged, and that the welded joint meets the long-term safe operation requirements of the spherical tank 10 when storing propylene oxide.

[0052] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 and Figure 5 The inner wall of the receiving sleeve 202 is recessed inward to form an annular receiving cavity 2021. The receiving cavity 2021 is provided with a sealing unit 40. The sealing unit 40 includes multiple protruding structures arranged around the vertical direction and a covering structure corresponding to each protruding structure.

[0053] The covering structure includes two oppositely arranged winding assemblies 401 and a sealing strip 402 wound around the winding assemblies 401. The winding assemblies 401 are used to wind up or unwind the sealing strip 402. The winding assemblies 401 are prior art and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0054] The extension structure includes a telescopic member 403 fixed to the inner wall of the receiving cavity 2021 and an arc-shaped plate 404 fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic member 403. The telescopic member 403 is located between two winding assemblies 401. The telescopic member 403 also extends and retracts radially along the receiving seat 201. The telescopic member 403 is a telescopic oil cylinder, electric cylinder, or hydraulic cylinder.

[0055] Before welding, the operator activates the telescopic component 403. The extension of the telescopic component 403 causes the arc-shaped plate 404 to extend, pulling the sealing strip 402 until it presses against the outer wall of the lower support column 102. The sealing strips 402 between adjacent arc-shaped plates 404 overlap or butt-joint, ultimately forming a closed annular seal covering the entire root gap. At this point, the protective gas injected by the gas injection unit is blocked by this sealing strip on one side of the weld root, preventing leakage from the bottom gap. It is forced to flow upwards along the welding area, thus achieving control over the flow direction of the protective gas and significantly improving its utilization rate.

[0056] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 The extension structure also includes two extension plates 405 that are slidably disposed on both sides of the arc plate 404, and an extension member that is connected to the extension plate 405 for transmission. The extension member is used to drive the extension plate 405 to move along the arc plate 404, and the extension member is an arc-shaped guide rail.

[0057] When the diameter of the support column is large and the curved plate 404 is required to provide a wider circumferential coverage, the operator controls the action of the extension member. The extension member pushes the extension plate 405 outward along the arc surface of the curved plate 404, so that the extension plate 405 gradually extends from both sides of the curved plate 404. The curved plate 404 and the two side extension plates 405 together form a combined support body with a longer arc length, and its overall curvature is consistent with the curvature of the inner wall of the support column.

[0058] When the diameter of the support column is small and there is no need to extend the coverage width, the extension plate 405 remains in its initial position retracted to both sides of the arc plate 404.

[0059] After the extension plate 405 is adjusted to the correct position, the operator activates the telescopic component 403 to extend, pushing the arc-shaped plate 404 inward. At this time, the extension plates 405 extending from both sides of the arc-shaped plate 404 move synchronously with it, and the combined support structure formed by the two approaches the inner wall of the support column. Simultaneously, the winding assembly 401 releases the sealing strip 402, which is pushed towards the inner wall of the support column under the combined support of the arc-shaped plate 404 and the extension plate 405. The main body of the arc-shaped plate 404 and the extended portions of the two side extension plates 405 together press the sealing strip 402 tightly against the surface of the inner wall of the support column, so that the sealing strip 402 fits tightly against the inner wall of the support column along a longer circumferential section, and the sealing strips 402 between adjacent extended structures fully overlap.

[0060] By setting the extension plate 405 and the protrusion, the adjustable sealing width of the sealing unit 40 is no longer limited by the arc length of the arc plate 404 itself, realizing flexible adaptation to supports of different diameters. Due to the differences in the diameter of the supports of different specifications of spherical tanks 10 or the differences in the diameter of the supports due to processing tolerances, the circumferential length of the root gap at the joint of the upper and lower supports 102 also changes accordingly. The arc plate 404 with a fixed arc length can only cover a limited angle range. When the arc plate 404 presses the sealing strip 402 against the inner wall of the support, there may be blank sections between adjacent arc plates 404 that are not covered by the sealing strip 402, resulting in a break in the root seal.

[0061] After the extension plate 405 extends from both sides of the arc plate 404, it significantly increases the circumferential coverage angle of the single arc plate 404 and its extension plate 405 assembly, so that the sealing section corresponding to each extended structure can be extended, thereby forming a complete annular sealing strip. This effectively eliminates the sealing blind zone caused by insufficient arc length of the arc plate 404, and ensures that the entire root gap is completely covered by the sealing strip 402.

[0062] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 The end of the extension plate 405 away from the arc plate 404 is rotatably connected to a contact roller 4051, which abuts against the sealing strip 402.

[0063] By rotating the contact roller 4051 at the end of the extension plate 405 away from the arc plate 404 and making the contact roller 4051 abut against the sealing strip 402, the relative motion mode between the sealing strip 402 and the end of the extension plate 405 is changed from sliding friction to rolling friction, which significantly reduces the frictional resistance between the sealing strip 402 and the rigid support during the release and retraction process.

[0064] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 and Figure 4 The limiting unit 30 also includes a side top structure disposed on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve 301. The side top structure corresponds one-to-one with the abutment wheel 302. The side top structure includes a fixed seat 303 connected to the limiting sleeve 301, an ejector seat 304 slidably disposed on the fixed seat 303, an elastic member 305 fixed between the fixed seat 303 and the ejector seat 304, and a monitoring member connected to the elastic member 305. The elastic member 305 has a preload force that causes the ejector seat 304 to move away from the fixed seat 303. The elastic member 305 is a spring. The monitoring member is used to monitor the extension and contraction of the elastic member 305.

[0065] Optionally, the monitoring component includes a displacement sensor, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixed base 303 or the limiting sleeve 301. Its detection end is connected to the mounting bracket of the ejector seat 304 or the abutment wheel 302, and is used to detect the sliding displacement of the ejector seat 304 relative to the fixed base 303 in real time.

[0066] Optionally, the monitoring components include a pressure sensor and a conversion module. The pressure sensor is positioned between the elastic element 305 and the fixed base 303 or between the elastic element 305 and the ejector base 304 to detect the pressure value applied to the elastic element 305. The conversion module is communicatively connected to the pressure sensor and internally stores the elastic coefficient (i.e., the spring stiffness k value in Hooke's Law) of the elastic element 305. The conversion module calculates the current expansion and contraction of the elastic element 305 based on the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor and the elastic coefficient. Since the elastic coefficient of the elastic element 305 is a known constant (obtained through factory calibration or on-site measurement), the conversion module can indirectly calculate the expansion and contraction data using the formula "Expansion and Contraction = Pressure Value ÷ Elastic Coefficient".

[0067] Optionally, the monitoring element includes a strain gauge, which is attached to the surface of the elastic element 305 to detect the micro-strain generated by the elastic element 305 under stress. The strain gauge converts the strain into a voltage signal change through a Wheatstone bridge circuit. The signal conditioning module amplifies and filters the voltage signal before outputting it to the display terminal. Since there is a definite linear relationship between the strain of the elastic element 305 and its expansion and contraction, the operator can calculate the actual expansion and contraction of the elastic element 305 based on the strain signal.

[0068] The monitoring component monitors the expansion and contraction of the elastic component 305 in real time, converting this physical parameter into quantifiable monitoring data. Operators can use the monitoring data to determine whether the working status of each abutment wheel 302 is normal.

[0069] During the installation of the limiting sleeve 301, if the expansion and contraction of the elastic component 305 of a certain side top structure is significantly greater than that of other side top structures, it indicates that there is a local protrusion on the outer wall of the support at that position or that there is an eccentricity between the limiting sleeve 301 and the support. The operator can adjust the installation position of the limiting sleeve 301 in a timely manner accordingly. During the welding process, if the expansion and contraction of a certain elastic component 305 changes abruptly or continues to increase, it indicates that the support at that position may have undergone thermal deformation or that the limiting sleeve 301 has become loose. The operator can immediately stop welding and conduct an inspection.

[0070] The monitoring component upgrades the constraint state of the support column by the limit sleeve 301 from the traditional "relying on feel and experience" to "quantitative monitoring and data judgment", effectively avoiding welding deformation and quality defects of the support column caused by constraint failure.

[0071] The elastic preload provided by the elastic component 305, combined with the data feedback provided by the monitoring component, not only ensures the continuous constraint of the support column by the limiting sleeve 301 throughout the welding process, but also provides operators with an intuitive and reliable basis for judging the tooling status, significantly improving the safety and quality control of the auxiliary device in long-term, multi-station continuous welding operations.

[0072] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 The fixed base 303 has a sliding cavity 3031 for the top-out base 304 to slide.

[0073] The side-top structure also includes an ejector fixed between the limiting sleeve 301 and the fixed seat 303 and an injection assembly connected to the slide cavity 3031. The ejector extends and retracts radially along the limiting sleeve 301. The ejector is a telescopic cylinder, electric cylinder or hydraulic cylinder. The injection assembly is used to inject or extract contents into the slide cavity 3031.

[0074] Optionally, the injection assembly includes a storage tank, a hydraulic pump, a supply pipeline, and a return pipeline. The storage tank is used to hold hydraulic oil. The input end of the hydraulic pump is connected to the storage tank, and the output end is connected to the supply pipeline. The supply pipeline is connected to the injection port of the slide cavity 3031, and the return pipeline is connected to the discharge port of the slide cavity 3031 and returns to the storage tank, forming a complete hydraulic circulation loop. This is prior art and will not be described further in this application.

[0075] When the monitoring component detects that the elastic element 305 has different extension and contraction amounts, the injection component injects incompressible contents into the corresponding slide cavity 3031, so that the ejector seat 304 will not slide into the slide cavity 3031 during the ejector extension process, thereby facilitating the ejector extension to squeeze the upper support column 101, thereby fine-tuning the position of the upper support column 101.

[0076] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The connecting structure is provided with multiple connections at intervals in the vertical direction, and the inner wall of the receiving sleeve 202 is provided with connecting grooves 2022 that correspond one-to-one with the connecting structure.

[0077] The connecting structure includes a locking block 203 that slides on the inner wall of the connecting groove 2022 and a connecting screw 204 that passes through the receiving sleeve 202. The locking block 203 moves radially along the receiving sleeve 202. The locking block 203 has a locking groove 2031 that is adapted to engage with the receiving seat 201. The connecting screw 204 is rotatably connected to the locking block 203.

[0078] After the limiting sleeve 301 is moved to the preset position, the operator rotates the connecting screw 204, causing the locking block 203 to slide out of the connecting groove 2022 and the locking groove 2031 to engage with the receiving seat 201, thereby fixing the receiving sleeve 202 and the receiving seat 201 together.

[0079] In some embodiments, the connection structure further includes an airbag disposed on the inner wall of the slot 2031 and a pneumatic component connected to the airbag, the pneumatic component being used to inflate or deflate the airbag.

[0080] After the slot 2031 is engaged with the receiving seat 201, the pneumatic component is activated to inflate the airbag. The expansion of the airbag compensates for the gap between the slot 203 and the receiving seat 201, thereby improving the stability of the connection structure.

[0081] See Figure 1Based on the same inventive concept, this application also discloses a welding method for a spherical tank 10, the steps of which are as follows: S10, hoisting the lower support column 102, the upper support column 101, and the equatorial plate 103, adjusting the alignment accuracy of the upper support column 101 and the lower support column 102 through an auxiliary device, and adjusting the joint of the two plates (top edge misalignment and levelness, joint misalignment, edge angle and gap) to be qualified; S20, installing the lower heating plate 106, fixing it on the positioning block with a saddle clamp using double pulleys during hoisting, and locking the circumferential joint position with a gantry clamp when installing the first lower heating plate, then detaching the hook to hoist the second lower heating plate 106, similarly locking the circumferential joint position with a gantry clamp, and then connecting the longitudinal joint with a gantry clamp to make it Connect them as a whole, and then hoist the other lower heating plates 106 in the same way; S30, install the lower electrode plate 107. When hoisting the lower electrode plate, two hoists should be hung on the top of the electrode plate to adjust and stabilize the curvature of the lower circumferential seam to within the qualified deviation (to prevent the hoists from slipping); S40, hoist the upper heating plate 104. The hoisting method of the upper heating plate 104 is the same as that of the lower heating plate 106. Use saddle clamps to hoist it at the positioning block. First fix the position of the circumferential seam, and then fix the position of the longitudinal seam; S50, hoist the upper electrode belt. The guy ropes should be pulled on the outside and tightened with hoists. Prevent the hoists from slipping. The assembly sequence of the upper electrode plate 105 is the same as that of the lower electrode plate 107; S60, erect scaffolding inside and outside the spherical tank 10.

[0082] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended embodiments and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An auxiliary device for welding spherical tanks, suitable for support columns, said support column comprising an upper support column and a lower support column, characterized in that, Also includes: The receiving unit includes a receiving seat fixed to the lower support column, a receiving sleeve sleeved on the support column, and a connecting structure disposed between the receiving seat and the receiving sleeve. The receiving sleeve moves vertically, and the connecting structure is used to fix the receiving seat and the receiving sleeve. The limiting unit includes a limiting sleeve rotatably connected to the receiving sleeve, a plurality of abutting wheels installed on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve, and a rotating structure drivenly connected to the limiting sleeve. The abutting wheels abut against the outer wall of the upper support or the lower support. The limiting sleeve has a plurality of through working ports, which are spaced apart around the vertical direction. The rotating structure is used to drive the limiting sleeve to rotate around the vertical axis.

2. The auxiliary device for welding spherical tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting sleeve has an air cavity, and the inner wall of the limiting sleeve has a plurality of air injection holes communicating with the air cavity. The auxiliary device for welding the spherical tank also includes a gas injection unit connected to the gas cavity, which is used to inject gas into the gas cavity.

3. The auxiliary device for welding spherical tanks according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the receiving sleeve is recessed inward to form an annular receiving cavity. A sealing unit is provided in the receiving cavity. The sealing unit includes multiple protruding structures arranged in a vertical direction and a covering structure corresponding to each of the protruding structures. The covering structure includes two oppositely arranged winding assemblies and a sealing strip wound around the winding assemblies. The winding assemblies are used to wind up or unwind the sealing strip. The protruding structure includes a telescopic member fixed to the inner wall of the receiving cavity and an arc-shaped plate fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic member. The telescopic member is located between the two winding assemblies and also extends and retracts radially along the receiving seat.

4. The auxiliary device for welding spherical tanks according to claim 3, characterized in that, The extension structure also includes two extension plates that are slidably disposed on both sides of the arc-shaped plate, and an extension member that is drively connected to the extension plates. The extension member is used to drive the extension plates to move along the arc-shaped plate.

5. The auxiliary device for welding spherical tanks according to claim 4, characterized in that, The end of the extension plate away from the arc-shaped plate is rotatably connected to a contact roller, which abuts against the sealing strip.

6. The auxiliary device for welding spherical tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting unit further includes a side top structure disposed on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve. The side top structure corresponds one-to-one with the abutting wheel. The side top structure includes a fixed seat connected to the limiting sleeve, an ejector seat slidably disposed on the fixed seat, an elastic member fixed between the fixed seat and the ejector seat, and a monitoring member communicatively connected to the elastic member. The elastic member has a preload force that causes the ejector seat to move away from the fixed seat. The monitoring member is used to monitor the extension and retraction of the elastic member.

7. The auxiliary device for welding spherical tanks according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixed base has a sliding cavity for the ejector seat to slide; The side-top structure also includes an ejector fixed between the limiting sleeve and the fixed seat, and an injection assembly communicating with the sliding cavity. The ejector extends and retracts radially along the limiting sleeve, and the injection assembly is used to inject or extract contents into the sliding cavity.

8. The auxiliary device for welding spherical tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting structure is provided at multiple intervals in the vertical direction, and the inner wall of the receiving sleeve is provided with connecting grooves that correspond one-to-one with the connecting structure. The connection structure includes a locking block that slides on the inner wall of the connection groove and a connecting screw that passes through the receiving sleeve. The locking block moves radially along the receiving sleeve and has a locking groove that is adapted to engage with the receiving seat. The connecting screw is rotatably connected to the locking block.

9. The auxiliary device for welding spherical tanks according to claim 8, characterized in that, The connection structure also includes an airbag disposed on the inner wall of the slot and a pneumatic component connected to the airbag, the pneumatic component being used to inflate or deflate the airbag.

10. A method for welding a spherical tank, comprising the auxiliary device for welding a spherical tank as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: S10. Hoist the lower support column, upper support column, and equatorial plate. Adjust the alignment accuracy of the upper and lower support columns using auxiliary devices, and adjust the joint between the two plates (top edge misalignment and levelness, joint misalignment, edge angle, and gap) to meet the requirements. S20. Install the lower heating plate. When hoisting, use double pulleys to fix it on the positioning block with saddle clamps. When installing the first lower heating plate, first use gantry clamps to lock the circumferential joint position. Then, remove the hook to hoist the second lower heating plate. Similarly, first use gantry clamps to lock the circumferential joint position. Then use gantry clamps to connect the longitudinal joints to make them a whole. The other lower heating plates are hoisted in the same way. S30. When installing the lower electrode plate, two hoists should be hung on the top of the electrode plate to adjust and stabilize the curvature of the lower circumferential seam within the acceptable deviation (to prevent the hoists from slipping). S40. Hoist the upper heating plate. The hoisting method for the upper heating plate is the same as that for the lower heating plate. Use a saddle clamp to hoist the plate at the positioning block. First, fix the position of the circumferential joint, and then fix the position of the longitudinal joint. S50. When hoisting the upper electrode belt, guy ropes should be pulled out from the outside, and hoists should be used to tighten them. Hoist chain slippage should be prevented. The assembly sequence of the upper electrode plate is the same as that of the lower electrode plate. S60. Erect scaffolding inside and outside the spherical tank.

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