Engine ignition flow guiding and cooling device and system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of rocket engine test equipment, and discloses an engine ignition flow guide cooling device and system, which comprises a connecting pipe, a hose, a joint and a nozzle; the connecting pipe is communicated with the hose; one end of the hose away from the connecting pipe is connected with the joint; the joint is slidingly installed on the connecting pipe, and the position of the joint is adjusted along the connecting pipe to change the jet position of the nozzle; one end of the joint away from the connecting pipe is connected with the nozzle; the hose is flexible, and can be deformed by axial extension and contraction to adapt to the position change when the joint slides. The present application can replace the traditional inclined flow guide groove, reduce the construction cost and difficulty, and realize the flexible and adjustable cooling effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rocket engine testing equipment technology, and in particular to an engine ignition guiding and cooling device and system. Background Technology

[0002] During ignition tests on a tilting test stand for rocket engines, a high-temperature gas recirculation zone forms at the engine nozzle exit. This zone can reach temperatures of several thousand degrees Celsius, causing severe thermal damage and safety hazards to the test stand and surrounding facilities. To protect the test stand equipment, effective cooling of this high-temperature recirculation zone is essential.

[0003] The traditional solution is to construct inclined guide channels to direct the high-temperature combustion gases to a safe area. However, the construction of inclined guide channels has significant drawbacks. Firstly, the construction is difficult, requiring extensive civil engineering work, including foundation excavation, concrete pouring, and refractory material laying, resulting in a long construction period and high costs. Secondly, once the guide channel structure is fixed, it is difficult to adjust, failing to adapt to the exhaust characteristics of different engine models and varying test conditions, thus lacking flexibility. Furthermore, the guide channels suffer severe wear and tear under the long-term scouring of high-temperature combustion gases, leading to high maintenance costs, and any damage necessitates work stoppages for repairs, impacting test progress.

[0004] These problems result in existing inclined guide channel solutions having drawbacks in practical applications, such as high investment, long construction period, poor adaptability, and high maintenance costs, making it difficult to meet the requirements of rocket engine testing for the economy, flexibility, and efficiency of the cooling system.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose an engine ignition cooling device and system to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an engine ignition cooling device and system that can replace the traditional inclined cooling channel, reduce construction costs and construction difficulty, and achieve a flexible and adjustable cooling effect.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an engine ignition guiding and cooling device, including a connecting pipe, a hose, a connector, and a nozzle; the connecting pipe is connected to the hose; the end of the hose away from the connecting pipe is connected to the connector; the connector is slidably mounted on the connecting pipe and its position can be adjusted by sliding along the connecting pipe to change the spray position of the nozzle, and the end of the connector away from the connecting pipe is connected to the nozzle; the hose is flexible and can adapt to the positional changes of the connector when it slides by axial expansion and contraction deformation.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes bolts and nuts; the sidewall of the connecting pipe is provided with a threaded groove along its length; the connector is provided with a through hole that mates with the threaded groove; the bolt passes through the through hole and the threaded groove in sequence, and is connected to the nut by threads, which can fix the connector in a designated position in the threaded groove; when the nut is loosened, the connector can move up and down in the threaded groove to adjust the position of the connector.

[0009] Furthermore, the connector is equipped with an adjustable locking element, and the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the nozzle outlet can be changed by adjusting the depth of the locking element being screwed in.

[0010] Furthermore, the nozzle is fan-shaped.

[0011] In addition, the present invention also proposes an engine ignition guiding and cooling system, including a first pipe and a plurality of second pipes; both ends of the first pipe are provided with second pipes, and the first pipe is perpendicular to the second pipes; The engine ignition guiding and cooling device includes multiple first engine ignition guiding and cooling devices and multiple second engine ignition guiding and cooling devices. The first engine ignition guiding and cooling devices are vertically installed on the first pipe, and the nozzles of the first engine ignition guiding and cooling devices spray water vertically downward to form a water curtain covering the end of the engine exhaust flame and forming a first cooling zone. The multiple second engine ignition guiding and cooling devices are respectively installed at an angle on two second pipes. By adjusting the position of the joints of the second engine ignition guiding and cooling devices along the connecting pipe, the spray position of the nozzles in space is changed to cool the area other than the end of the engine exhaust flame and form a second cooling zone.

[0012] Furthermore, in the second cooling zone, the water spray direction of the second engine ignition guide cooling device located on one of the second pipes is opposite to that of the second engine ignition guide cooling device on the other second pipe, forming a cross water curtain.

[0013] Furthermore, the first engine ignition guiding cooling device adopts a vertical spraying method, the second engine ignition guiding cooling device adopts an interactive spraying method, and the water spraying direction of the engine ignition guiding cooling devices located on different second pipes is V-shaped to form a Y-shaped water curtain barrier.

[0014] Furthermore, multiple first engine ignition guiding and cooling devices are evenly distributed on the first pipe, and multiple second engine ignition guiding and cooling devices are evenly distributed on the second pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, both the first pipe and the second pipe are provided with threaded holes, and the connecting pipes of the first engine ignition guide cooling device and the second engine ignition guide cooling device are provided with external threads that mate with the threaded holes.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a water supply pipeline; the water supply pipeline is sequentially connected to the first pipeline and the second pipeline.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The nozzle position can be flexibly adjusted by using a connector that slides onto the connecting pipe, combined with the flexible connection of the hose. When the device is installed at an angle, the connector can be moved up and down along the connecting pipe to change the nozzle's position in space, thereby changing the spray position. The hose can adapt to axial compression or extension when the connector position changes, ensuring smooth adjustment. Simultaneously, the hose can absorb pipeline vibration, enhancing the system's shock resistance. The overall structure is simple and reasonable, with clearly defined connection methods for each component, facilitating installation and maintenance. When a component wears out or malfunctions, it can be replaced individually, reducing maintenance costs and improving the device's adaptability, flexibility, and practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an engine ignition guiding and cooling device in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an engine ignition guide cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first water pipe and the second water pipe in the engine ignition guiding and cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the engine ignition guiding and cooling device in the engine ignition guiding and cooling system when it is installed at an angle, according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a side view of an engine ignition and cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a top view of an engine ignition and cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram, 1 is the first pipe; 2 is the second pipe; 3 is the engine ignition cooling device; 31 is the connecting pipe; 32 is the hose; 33 is the connector; 34 is the nozzle; 35 is the nut; 36 is the threaded groove; 37 is the setter; 4 is the test bench; and 5 is the rocket engine. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Based on the teachings of this specification, those skilled in the art can form new technical solutions through cross-combination of different implementation methods without creating technical contradictions. Such variations should all be considered to fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0021] The following is a more detailed description of an engine ignition guiding and cooling device and system according to the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can modify the invention described herein while still achieving its advantageous effects. Therefore, the following description should be understood as being of general knowledge to those skilled in the art and is not intended to limit the invention.

[0022] The invention is described more specifically by way of example in the following paragraphs with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the invention.

[0023] like Figures 1-2 As shown in the figure, this invention provides an engine ignition cooling device, including a connecting pipe 31, a flexible hose 32, a connector 33, and a nozzle 34. Specifically, one end of the connecting pipe 31 is connected to a first pipe 1 or a second pipe 2, and the other end is connected to the flexible hose 32; the end of the flexible hose 32 away from the connecting pipe 31 is connected to the connector 33; the connector 33 is slidably mounted on the connecting pipe 31, and its position can be adjusted by sliding along the connecting pipe 31 to change the spray position of the nozzle 34, with the end away from the connecting pipe 31 connected to the nozzle 34; the flexible hose 32 is flexible and can adapt to the positional changes of the connector 33 during sliding through axial expansion and contraction deformation. The use of the flexible hose 32 enables flexible movement of the connector 33 and the nozzle 34. Since the connector 33 needs to be adjusted vertically in the threaded groove 36, the flexible hose 32 provides the necessary flexible connection, which helps to achieve angle and position adjustment. At the same time, the flexible hose 32 can absorb pipeline vibration, enhance shock resistance, and improve system stability. The adjustable setting of connector 33 enables flexible adjustment of the spray angle, improving the device's adaptability to different working conditions.

[0024] Preferably, this embodiment also includes a bolt and a nut 35. Specifically, the side wall of the connecting pipe 31 is provided with a threaded groove 36 along its length; the connector 33 is provided with a through hole that mates with the threaded groove 36; the bolt passes through the through hole and the threaded groove 36 in sequence, and is connected to the nut 35 by thread, thereby fixing the connector 33 in a designated position in the threaded groove 36; when the nut 35 is loosened, the connector 33 can move up and down in the threaded groove 36 to adjust the position of the connector 33.

[0025] In one embodiment, the connector 33 is internally provided with an adjustable locking member 37. By adjusting the depth to which the locking member 37 is screwed in, the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the nozzle 34 outlet is changed, thereby regulating the water flow velocity and pressure. The locking member 37 enables the regulation of the flow rate and pressure of a single nozzle 34, improving the uniformity of cooling. By adjusting the locking member 37, pressure loss caused by different pipe lengths can be compensated, enhancing the overall cooling effect. This design allows for fine-tuning according to the cooling needs of different locations, helping to optimize water resource utilization efficiency.

[0026] In one specific example, the retaining element 37 may be made of stainless steel. The adjustment range of the retaining element 37 can vary the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the nozzle 34 outlet, for example, by 20%-80%, thereby achieving a wide range of flow rate adjustment. Those skilled in the art will understand that the specifications and adjustment range of the retaining element 37 can be set according to actual needs, and other embodiments besides this one are also possible.

[0027] Preferably, the nozzle 34 is fan-shaped. A fan-shaped nozzle 34 can increase the coverage area of ​​the sprayed water and improve the cooling range of a single nozzle 34. Compared to a circular nozzle 34, a fan-shaped nozzle 34 can form a wider water curtain, which helps to improve the continuity and integrity of the water curtain.

[0028] In addition, such as Figures 3-6 As shown, this embodiment also proposes an engine ignition guiding and cooling system, including the engine ignition guiding and cooling device 3 as described above, and further including a first pipe 1 and a plurality of second pipes 2.

[0029] Specifically, the first pipe 1 has a second pipe 2 at both ends, and the first pipe 1 is perpendicular to the second pipe 2, forming an inverted U-shaped water supply pipeline; the engine ignition guiding and cooling device 3 connects the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2; the engine ignition guiding and cooling device 3 includes multiple first engine ignition guiding and cooling devices and multiple second engine ignition guiding and cooling devices; the first engine ignition guiding and cooling devices are vertically installed on the first pipe 1, and the nozzles of the first engine ignition guiding and cooling devices spray water vertically downwards to form a water curtain covering the end of the engine exhaust flame and to form a first cooling area; the multiple second engine ignition guiding and cooling devices are respectively installed obliquely on two second pipes 2, and the spray position of the nozzle 34 in space is changed by adjusting the position of the connector 33 of the second engine ignition guiding and cooling device along the connecting pipe 31 to cool the area other than the end of the engine exhaust flame and to form a second cooling area.

[0030] This embodiment achieves targeted cooling of different regions of the engine exhaust flame by setting up a first engine ignition guiding cooling device and a second engine ignition guiding cooling device. The engine exhaust flame can be divided into two parts: the end region away from the engine and the root region near the engine. The first engine ignition guiding cooling device is installed vertically and sprays water vertically downwards, forming a vertical water curtain that precisely covers the end region of the exhaust flame away from the engine, creating a first cooling zone at the end position where the exhaust flame spreads most fully and the temperature is relatively low but the area is wide. Multiple second engine ignition guiding cooling devices are installed at an angle on both sides, and the spray angle can be changed by adjusting the joint position to form an adjustable inclined water curtain that covers the root region of the exhaust flame near the engine, creating a second cooling zone at the starting part of the exhaust flame where the temperature is highest and the heat flux density is greatest. This "end coverage + root-focused cooling" zoned cooling mode not only provides large-area coverage and cooling of the exhaust flame end, but also provides flexible and precise cooling of the high-temperature root region through adjustable inclined spray, thus forming full-range cooling protection from root to end, effectively reducing the temperature of the entire exhaust flame area.

[0031] In the second cooling zone, the water spray directions of the second engine ignition guiding cooling device located on one of the second pipes 2 and the second engine ignition guiding cooling device located on the other second pipe 2 are opposite, forming a cross water curtain (e.g. Figure 3 (The direction of the water spray is indicated by the middle arrow).

[0032] In one embodiment, the first engine ignition guiding cooling device employs a vertical spray method, while the second engine ignition guiding cooling device employs an interactive spray method. Furthermore, the water spray direction of the engine ignition guiding cooling devices 3 located on different second pipes 2 is V-shaped to form a Y-shaped water curtain barrier. The vertical spray method can directly cover the high-temperature area directly below, improving the cooling effect of the central area. The interactive spray method, through the cross-spraying of the engine ignition guiding cooling devices 3 on both sides, can form a three-dimensional water curtain, enhancing lateral cooling capability. The Y-shaped water curtain barrier can achieve all-round coverage of the exhaust flame area, helping to improve the overall cooling coverage rate.

[0033] The inverted-loop water supply pipeline structure of this embodiment enables uniform water flow distribution and improves the water supply stability of each engine ignition guiding and cooling device 3. By arranging the engine ignition guiding and cooling devices 3 on the first pipe 1 and the two second pipes 2 respectively, a three-sided surrounding cooling pattern can be formed, increasing the coverage area of ​​the high-temperature exhaust flame region. The cross water curtain configuration enhances the barrier effect of the water curtain and improves the cooling efficiency of the high-temperature combustion gas recirculation zone. As those skilled in the art will know, the pipe diameter, wall thickness, and length of the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2 can be set according to actual needs.

[0034] In this embodiment, both the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2 are provided with threaded holes, and the connecting pipe 31 is provided with external threads that mate with the threaded holes. The threaded connection method enables a reliable connection between the connecting pipe 31 and the water supply pipeline, improving sealing performance. At the same time, the threaded connection facilitates disassembly and maintenance, helping to reduce maintenance costs.

[0035] In one specific example, the threaded hole may use a standard M20 or M25 thread, which matches the external thread of the connecting pipe 31. A sealing washer may be added to the threaded connection to further improve the sealing effect.

[0036] In a specific example, 3-5 engine ignition guiding and cooling devices 3 can be installed on the first pipe 1, with a spacing of 500-800mm. 2-4 engine ignition guiding and cooling devices 3 are installed on each of the second pipes 2, with the angle between the water spray direction and the vertical direction being 30°-60°, forming effective cross-coverage.

[0037] In one embodiment, this embodiment further includes a test bench 4 and a rocket engine 5. Specifically, both the rocket engine 5 and the engine ignition guide cooling device 3 are mounted on the test bench 4, and the rocket engine 5 is inclined. The engine ignition guide cooling device 3 is located above the exhaust flame of the rocket engine 5, which can directly cool the high-temperature gas recirculation zone, improving the targeting of cooling.

[0038] In one embodiment, this embodiment further includes a water supply device; the water supply device is connected to the water supply pipeline and is used to supply water to the engine ignition guiding cooling device 3; the water supply device includes a motor, a water pump, and a valve connected to each other. Specifically, the water pump is connected to the water supply pipeline. The valve is located between the water pump and the water supply pipeline or on the water supply pipeline. The motor-driven water pump can provide stable water pressure and improve the reliability of water supply. The valve enables start-stop control of water supply, facilitating system debugging and maintenance. Setting the valve in different positions can meet different control requirements and enhance the flexibility of the system. As those skilled in the art will know, the model and specifications of the water pump and valve can be set according to actual needs.

[0039] In this embodiment, the water supply pipe in the engine ignition cooling device 3 is installed on the test bench 4 via a clamp connection. The clamp connection method enables rapid installation and improves construction efficiency. Compared to welding or bolt connections, clamp connections are easier to disassemble and adjust, helping to reduce maintenance difficulty. This connection method can adapt to a certain range of pipe vibration, enhancing system stability.

[0040] In one specific example, the clamp can be a stainless steel clamp with an inner diameter matching the outer diameter of the water supply pipe, and a fixing point can be set every 1-2 meters. A rubber gasket can be placed between the clamp and the test bench 4 to provide shock absorption and protection.

[0041] In this embodiment, the motor and water pump are started by the water supply device, and water flows through the water supply pipeline into the first pipe 1 and the two second pipes 2 (e.g., Figure 6 (The water flow path is indicated by the arrow), and then distributed to each engine ignition guiding and cooling device 3. The engine ignition guiding and cooling device 3 located on the first pipe 1 sprays water vertically downwards, covering the central area of ​​the exhaust plume. The engine ignition guiding and cooling devices 3 located on the two second pipes 2 spray water at an angle towards each other, forming a cross water curtain that covers the areas on both sides of the exhaust plume. When the rocket engine 5 ignites, the high-temperature exhaust plume is ejected downwards, forming a high-temperature gas recirculation zone. The water sprayed from the engine ignition guiding and cooling device 3 comes into contact with the high-temperature gas, rapidly vaporizes and absorbs heat, carrying away a large amount of heat and reducing the temperature of the recirculation zone. The Y-shaped water curtain barrier can intercept the high-temperature gas in all directions, effectively protecting the test stand 4 and surrounding facilities.

[0042] When adjusting the spray angle, first loosen the nut 35 of the fixing connector 33, allowing the connector 33 to move up and down in the threaded groove 36 of the connecting pipe 31. Since the engine ignition guide cooling device 3 located on the second pipe 2 is installed at an angle, the connecting pipe 31 has a certain angle of inclination relative to both the horizontal and vertical planes. When the connector 33 moves up and down along the inclined connecting pipe 31 in the threaded groove 36, the positions of the connector 33 and the nozzle 34 in space change. Because the spray direction of the nozzle 34 is fixed to the installation direction of the connector 33, the spatial change in the position of the connector 33 directly causes the nozzle 34 to point at different spatial angles, thereby achieving the adjustment of the spray angle. When the connector 33 moves upward, the spray angle of the nozzle 34 changes accordingly; when the connector 33 moves downward, the spray angle of the nozzle 34 changes in the other direction. After adjusting to the appropriate position, tighten the nut 35 to fix the connector 33 in the designated position of the threaded groove 36. The flexibility of the hose 32 can adapt to the axial compression or extension of the connector 33 as it moves along the threaded groove 36, making the entire adjustment process smooth.

[0043] When adjusting the flow rate, tightening the locking member 37 inside the rotary joint 33 reduces the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the nozzle 34 outlet, thereby reducing the water flow rate and injection pressure of the nozzle 34. Conversely, loosening the locking member 37 increases the effective cross-sectional area, thereby increasing the water flow rate and injection pressure. By combining and adjusting the angle and flow rate of the engine ignition guide cooling device 3 at different positions, precise coverage of the cooling area and reasonable distribution of cooling intensity can be achieved, optimizing the overall cooling effect.

[0044] In summary, the engine ignition guiding and cooling device and system proposed in this invention have the following advantages: By employing an inverted U-shaped water supply pipeline combined with multiple engine ignition diversion and cooling devices, a three-sided, intersecting water curtain barrier can be formed above the rocket engine's exhaust plume, effectively covering the high-temperature gas recirculation zone and improving cooling efficiency. Compared to traditional inclined diversion channels, this device eliminates the need for complex civil engineering, significantly reducing construction costs and difficulty, and shortening the construction period. Furthermore, the engine ignition diversion and cooling device can flexibly adjust the spray angle and position according to different engine models and test conditions, demonstrating strong adaptability.

[0045] Furthermore, the adjustable structure and fasteners of the connectors allow for angle adjustment of the engine ignition cooling system and pressure adjustment of individual nozzles, improving cooling uniformity. The fan-shaped nozzles increase the water spray coverage area and enhance the water curtain formation effect. The water supply lines are installed on the test bench using clamp connections, facilitating quick disassembly and maintenance and reducing maintenance costs.

[0046] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An engine ignition guiding and cooling device, characterized in that, It includes a connecting pipe, a flexible hose, a connector, and a nozzle; the connecting pipe is in communication with the flexible hose; the end of the flexible hose away from the connecting pipe is connected to the connector; the connector is slidably mounted on the connecting pipe, and its position can be adjusted by sliding along the connecting pipe to change the spray position of the nozzle, and the end of the connector away from the connecting pipe is connected to the nozzle; the flexible hose is flexible and can adapt to the positional changes of the connector when it slides through axial expansion and contraction deformation.

2. The engine ignition guiding and cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes bolts and nuts; the sidewall of the connecting pipe is provided with a threaded groove along its length; the joint is provided with a through hole that mates with the threaded groove; the bolt passes through the through hole and the threaded groove in sequence, and is connected to the nut by threads, which can fix the joint in a designated position in the threaded groove; when the nut is loose, the joint can move up and down in the threaded groove to adjust the position of the joint.

3. The engine ignition guiding and cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The connector is equipped with an adjustable locking element, and the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the nozzle outlet can be changed by adjusting the depth to which the locking element is screwed in.

4. The engine ignition guiding and cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle is fan-shaped.

5. An engine ignition deflector cooling system, comprising the engine ignition deflector cooling device as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It also includes a first pipe and a plurality of second pipes; the first pipe is provided with second pipes at both ends, and the first pipe is perpendicular to the second pipes; The engine ignition guiding and cooling device includes multiple first engine ignition guiding and cooling devices and multiple second engine ignition guiding and cooling devices. The first engine ignition guiding and cooling devices are vertically installed on the first pipe, and the nozzles of the first engine ignition guiding and cooling devices spray water vertically downward to form a water curtain covering the end of the engine exhaust flame and forming a first cooling zone. The multiple second engine ignition guiding and cooling devices are respectively installed at an angle on two second pipes. By adjusting the position of the joints of the second engine ignition guiding and cooling devices along the connecting pipe, the spray position of the nozzles in space is changed to cool the area other than the end of the engine exhaust flame and form a second cooling zone.

6. The engine ignition guiding and cooling system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In the second cooling zone, the water spray direction of the second engine ignition guide cooling device located on one of the second pipes is opposite to that of the second engine ignition guide cooling device located on the other second pipe, forming a cross water curtain.

7. The engine ignition guiding and cooling system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The first engine ignition guiding and cooling device adopts a vertical spraying method, and the second engine ignition guiding and cooling device adopts an interactive spraying method. The water spraying direction of the engine ignition guiding and cooling devices located on different second pipes is V-shaped to form a Y-shaped water curtain barrier.

8. The engine ignition guiding and cooling system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Multiple first engine ignition guiding and cooling devices are evenly distributed on the first pipe, and multiple second engine ignition guiding and cooling devices are evenly distributed on the second pipe.

9. The engine ignition guiding and cooling system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first pipe and the second pipe are provided with threaded holes, and the connecting pipes of the first engine ignition guide cooling device and the second engine ignition guide cooling device are provided with external threads that mate with the threaded holes.

10. The engine ignition guiding and cooling system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a water supply pipeline; the water supply pipeline is connected in sequence to the first pipeline and the second pipeline.

Images