Cooling device, cooling system, control method, control device, and cooling device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a cooling device, a cooling system, a control method, a control device and a cooling device. The cooling device comprises: a refrigeration coil, configured to flow refrigerant entering an inlet of the refrigeration coil out of an outlet of the refrigeration coil; the refrigerant is configured to perform heat exchange; a superheating coil, an inlet of the superheating coil is connected with the outlet of the refrigeration coil, so that the refrigerant flowing out of the outlet of the refrigeration coil flows through the superheating coil. The cooling device is used to improve the heat exchange capacity of the outlet side of the refrigeration coil, transfer the superheat degree of the refrigeration coil to the superheating coil, and achieve the effect of uniform air supply temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to cooling technology, and more particularly to a cooling device, cooling system, control method, control device, and cooling apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Data centers typically use air-cooled air conditioners for cooling to maintain a suitable ambient temperature and ensure stable equipment operation. In recent years, the ever-increasing data processing tasks have led to greater power density in data center racks, requiring larger cooling capacities per air-cooled unit.

[0003] The evaporator is a key component of air-cooled air conditioning products, typically consisting of a cooling coil. The refrigerant in the cooling coil exchanges heat with the air to achieve a cooling effect and lower the ambient temperature of the data center server room. Currently, increasing the heat exchange area of ​​the evaporator to increase the cooling capacity of air-cooled air conditioners is a common method. However, due to limitations in the building area of ​​the server room, the evaporator is usually increased in height, resulting in a large heat exchange area and significant height. This leads to an overheated section on the outlet side of the cooling coil. This approach results in poor heat exchange capacity on the outlet side of the cooling coil, potentially creating localized hot spots within the server room and affecting the normal operation of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a cooling device, a cooling system, a control method, a control device, and a cooling apparatus to improve the heat exchange capacity of the outlet side of the refrigeration coil and achieve uniform air supply temperature.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a cooling device, including: a refrigeration coil for allowing a refrigerant medium entering the inlet of the refrigeration coil to flow out from the outlet of the refrigeration coil; the refrigerant medium is used for heat exchange.

[0006] A superheated coil, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the refrigeration coil, so that the refrigerant flowing out of the outlet of the refrigeration coil flows through the superheated coil.

[0007] Optionally, the superheating coil is located on one side of the cooling coil.

[0008] Optionally, the superheated coil is located in at least a portion of the area near the outlet of the cooling coil on one side.

[0009] Optionally, the superheated coil is located on the windward side of the cooling coil.

[0010] Optionally, the inlet of the superheated coil is connected to the outlet of the refrigeration coil via a pipeline.

[0011] Optionally, a throttling element is provided at the inlet of the refrigeration coil;

[0012] The throttling element is used to regulate the flow rate of the refrigerant entering the refrigeration coil.

[0013] Optionally, the cooling device further includes: a sensor;

[0014] The sensor is used to collect sensing parameters at the outlet of the cooling coil and / or the superheating coil; the sensing parameters are used to obtain the superheat.

[0015] Optionally, the cooling coil and / or the superheating coil is a microchannel heat exchanger or a copper tube finned heat exchanger.

[0016] Optionally, the number of superheated coils may be one or more, and the plurality of superheated coils may be stacked.

[0017] Optionally, the inlet of the cooling coil and / or the superheating coil is located at its lower or upper part.

[0018] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a cooling system, including: a cooling device as described in any of the first aspects.

[0019] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a control method applied to a cooling device as described in any of the first aspects, comprising: detecting the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil;

[0020] The flow rate of the refrigerant is adjusted according to the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil, so that the outlet superheat of the superheat coil is greater than a first preset superheat.

[0021] Optionally, adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant based on the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil includes:

[0022] If the outlet superheat of the superheated coil is not greater than the first preset superheat, the flow rate of the refrigerant is reduced to increase the outlet superheat of the superheated coil.

[0023] Optionally, adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant based on the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil further includes:

[0024] If the outlet superheat of the superheated coil is greater than the second preset superheat, the flow rate of the refrigerant is increased to reduce the outlet superheat of the refrigerant coil; wherein the first preset superheat is less than the second preset superheat.

[0025] Optionally, adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant based on the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil further includes:

[0026] If the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil is greater than the third preset superheat, the flow rate of the refrigerant is increased to reduce the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil; the third preset superheat is less than the first preset superheat.

[0027] Optionally, adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant based on the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil further includes:

[0028] If the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil is not greater than the fourth preset superheat, the flow rate of the refrigeration medium is reduced to increase the outlet superheat of the superheat coil; the fourth preset superheat is less than the third preset superheat.

[0029] Optionally, adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant specifically includes:

[0030] Adjust the opening degree of the throttling element, wherein the opening degree of the throttling element is positively correlated with the flow rate of the refrigerant.

[0031] Optionally, detecting the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil specifically includes:

[0032] The temperature and pressure values ​​of the refrigerant at the outlet of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheated coil are obtained by sensors.

[0033] Based on the temperature and pressure values, the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil is obtained.

[0034] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a control device applied to a cooling device as described in any of the first aspects, the device comprising:

[0035] A detection module is used to detect the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil;

[0036] The adjustment module is used to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant according to the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil, so that the outlet superheat of the superheat coil is greater than a first preset superheat.

[0037] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a cooling device, including a cooling system as described in the second aspect and a control device as described in the fourth aspect.

[0038] The cooling equipment, cooling system, control method, control device, and cooling device provided in this application embodiment, by adding a superheated coil, with the inlet of the superheated coil connected to the outlet of the cooling coil, allows the refrigerant flowing out of the outlet of the cooling coil to flow into the superheated coil, transferring the superheated section of the cooling coil to the superheated coil without reducing the heat exchange capacity of the cooling coil, thereby improving the heat exchange capacity of the outlet side of the cooling coil and achieving the effect of uniform air supply temperature. Attached Figure Description

[0039] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario involved in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cooling device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another cooling device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a control method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating another control method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a control device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0047] 1: Refrigeration coil; 2: Superheating coil; 3: Throttling element; 4: Sensor.

[0048] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0049] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario involved in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the specific application scenario of this application is to cool the environment of a computer room.

[0051] A server room can be any space capable of housing and operating computing equipment, such as a data center. Computing equipment is typically arranged in server racks within a server room. The computing equipment generates a significant amount of heat during operation, requiring cooling equipment to maintain a suitable ambient temperature and ensure stable equipment operation.

[0052] The cooling device can be any device capable of lowering the indoor ambient temperature, such as an evaporator. The cooling device may include a refrigeration coil 1. The refrigeration coil 1 can be any coil that allows the refrigerant to flow in and out. For example, it may include any of the following: a microchannel heat exchanger or a copper tube finned heat exchanger. The refrigerant can be any medium capable of heat exchange, such as any of the following: Freon refrigerants, hydrofluorocarbons, hydrofluoroolefins, ammonia, etc.

[0053] Cooling coil 1 is used to direct the refrigerant entering through its inlet to its outlet. The liquid refrigerant flowing through cooling coil 1 exchanges heat with the air on the windward side, evaporating into a gaseous state. After heat exchange, the air temperature decreases, and it is discharged from the air outlet side of cooling coil 1. The cooled air is then sent into the computer room, thereby lowering the ambient temperature of the computer room.

[0054] In one example, the outlet of refrigeration coil 1 can be connected to the inlet of the compressor, and the outlet of the compressor can be connected to the inlet of the condenser. Gaseous refrigerant flows out of the outlet of refrigeration coil 1 and enters the compressor. The compressor compresses the gaseous refrigerant from the cooling equipment into a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which is then sent to the condenser. In the condenser, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant dissipates heat and becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant, releasing the heat carried away by the refrigerant during compression. The condenser is typically installed outside the computer room, allowing this heat to be released into the atmosphere without affecting the ambient temperature inside the computer room.

[0055] A throttling element 3 can be installed at the inlet of the refrigeration coil 1. The throttling element 3 is, for example, a component that regulates the flow rate of the substance passing through it, and can include any of the following: a throttling valve, a capillary tube, an orifice plate, etc. The outlet of the condenser can be connected to this throttling element 3; after the liquid refrigerant flows out of the condenser, it enters the throttling element 3. The throttling element 3 reduces the pressure of the high-pressure liquid refrigerant to a low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and simultaneously lowers its temperature. The lower-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant then re-enters the refrigeration coil 1, starting a new cycle.

[0056] In recent years, the ever-increasing data processing tasks have led to a greater power density in server racks in data centers, requiring increasingly larger cooling capacities per unit. To adapt to the high heat flux density of server racks in data centers, cooling equipment needs to be designed with larger granularities, requiring a single unit cooling capacity of around 200-400kW.

[0057] Currently, the cooling capacity of cooling equipment is increased by increasing its heat exchange area. However, due to the limited floor space of the computer room, the cooling coil 1 of the cooling equipment is usually increased in the height direction. This results in cooling equipment characterized by a large heat exchange area and high height.

[0058] To ensure that the refrigerant enters the compressor in a completely gaseous state, preventing liquid refrigerant from entering and damaging the compressor, the refrigerant needs to have an appropriate superheat at the outlet of the cooling equipment. Superheat refers to the difference between the temperature of the refrigerant at the outlet and its saturation temperature (the temperature at which the refrigerant completely evaporates).

[0059] Along the flow direction of the refrigerant, the refrigerant on the outlet side of cooling coil 1 is fully evaporated, creating a superheated section. Here, the heat exchange is low, and the outlet air temperature is high. Conversely, the non-superheated section has a large heat exchange but a low outlet air temperature. In actual applications of high-capacity cooling equipment, the outlet air temperature difference along the flow direction of the refrigerant in cooling coil 1 can reach 4-6℃, resulting in very uneven airflow. This method suffers from poor heat exchange capacity on the outlet side of cooling coil 1, potentially creating localized hot spots within the computer room. Servers and other equipment in the racks may malfunction due to the high temperatures.

[0060] In summary, improving the heat exchange capacity of the outlet side of the refrigeration coil 1 has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0061] In view of this, the present application provides a cooling device that adds a superheated coil, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of a cooling coil, so that the refrigerant flowing out of the outlet of the cooling coil flows into the superheated coil, thereby transferring the superheated section of the cooling coil to the superheated coil, improving the heat exchange capacity of the outlet side of the cooling coil, and achieving the effect of uniform air supply temperature.

[0062] It should be understood that Figure 1The components of the cooling device related to this application are merely exemplarily shown. The embodiments of this application only illustrate the functions related to this application. In specific implementation, whether the cooling device has other components and other functions is not limited in this embodiment.

[0063] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0064] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cooling device provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, it includes: refrigeration coil 1 and superheating coil 2.

[0065] The refrigeration coil 1 and the superheating coil 2 can be any coil that allows the refrigerant to flow in and out. For example, they can include any of the following: a microchannel heat exchanger or a copper tube finned heat exchanger. The type of the refrigeration coil 1 and the superheating coil 2 can be the same or different, and this embodiment of the application does not limit this.

[0066] Furthermore, the superheating coil 2 can be located on multiple sides of the cooling coil 1. For example, the superheating coil 2 can be located on the side and top of the cooling coil 1, which can provide greater flexibility; or, the superheating coil 2 can be located on one side of the cooling coil 1, which can simplify the design and installation of the superheating coil 2.

[0067] Furthermore, when the superheating coil 2 is located on one side of the cooling coil 1, the specific location of the superheating coil 2 can be located in at least a portion of the area of ​​the cooling coil 1 near the inlet of the cooling coil 1; or, the superheating coil 2 can be located in at least a portion of the area of ​​the cooling coil 1 near the outlet of the cooling coil 1 on one side, which can reduce the length of the connecting device between the superheating coil 2 and the cooling coil 1.

[0068] Furthermore, when the superheating coil 2 is located on one side of the cooling coil 1, the specific location of the superheating coil 2 can be at the top of the cooling coil 1; or, the superheating coil 2 can be located on the windward side of the cooling coil 1.

[0069] Furthermore, the number of superheating coils 2 can be one or more; wherein, multiple superheating coils 2 are stacked. By stacking, space can be effectively utilized, and the surface area for heat exchange can be increased within a limited space.

[0070] Furthermore, the inlets of the refrigeration coil 1 and / or the superheating coil 2 can be located at their lower or upper parts. For example, the inlet of the refrigeration coil 1 can be located at its lower part and the inlet of the superheating coil 2 can be located at its upper part; or, the inlet of the refrigeration coil 1 can be located at its upper part and the inlet of the superheating coil 2 can be located at its lower part; or, the inlet of the refrigeration coil 1 can be located at its lower part and the inlet of the superheating coil 2 can be located at its lower part. Figure 2 The following is an illustration of a case where the inlet of the refrigeration coil 1 is located at its lower part and the inlet of the superheating coil 2 is located at its upper part.

[0071] The inlet of the superheated coil 2 is connected to the outlet of the cooling coil 1. In one example, the inlet of the superheated coil 2 can be directly connected to the outlet of the cooling coil 1, which saves piping and fittings and simplifies installation; in another example, the inlet of the superheated coil 2 can be connected to the outlet of the cooling coil 1 through piping, which allows the layout of the superheated coil 2 to be adjusted as needed.

[0072] Refrigeration coil 1 is used to allow the refrigerant entering the inlet of refrigeration coil 1 to flow out through the outlet of refrigeration coil 1; the refrigerant is used for heat exchange.

[0073] The superheated coil 2 is used to allow the refrigerant flowing out of the outlet of the cooling coil 1 to flow through the superheated coil 2.

[0074] After entering the cooling equipment, the refrigerant flows sequentially through the refrigeration coil 1 and the superheating coil 2 before exiting. While flowing through the refrigeration coil 1, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the air on the windward side, resulting in a lower air temperature. This air is then discharged from the outlet side of the refrigeration coil 1 into the machine room, thus reducing the ambient temperature of the machine room. After exiting the refrigeration coil 1, the refrigerant flows into the superheating coil 2, where it continues to exchange heat with the air. The refrigerant undergoes sufficient evaporation in the superheating coil 2, creating a superheated section to ensure appropriate superheat at the outlet of the superheating coil 2. This method transfers the superheated section to the superheating coil 2, reducing the superheated section of the refrigeration coil 1, improving the heat exchange capacity on the outlet side of the refrigeration coil 1, and resulting in more uniform heat exchange along the flow direction of the refrigerant in the refrigeration coil 1, and a more uniform supply air temperature on the outlet side.

[0075] In summary, the cooling device provided in this application embodiment, by adding a superheated coil 2, with the inlet of the superheated coil 2 connected to the outlet of the cooling coil 1, allows the refrigerant flowing out of the outlet of the cooling coil 1 to flow into the superheated coil 2, transferring the superheated section of the cooling coil 1 to the superheated coil 2 without reducing the heat exchange capacity of the cooling coil 1, thereby improving the heat exchange capacity of the outlet side of the cooling coil 1 and achieving a uniform air supply temperature.

[0076] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the inlet of the refrigeration coil 1 refers to the inlet position where the refrigerant flows into the refrigeration coil 1; the outlet of the refrigeration coil 1 refers to the outlet position where the refrigerant flows out of the refrigeration coil 1; the inlet of the superheating coil 2 refers to the inlet position where the refrigerant flows into the superheating coil 2; and the outlet of the superheating coil 2 refers to the outlet position where the refrigerant flows out of the superheating coil 2.

[0077] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another cooling device provided in an embodiment of this application, wherein... Figure 3 (a) is a perspective view of the cooling equipment; Figure 3 (b) is a side view of the cooling equipment; as shown Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment... Figure 2 Based on the embodiments, the structure of the cooling equipment will be described in detail.

[0078] A throttling element 3 is provided at the inlet of the refrigeration coil 1. The throttling element 3 is, for example, a component that can regulate the flow rate of the substance flowing through it, and may include any of the following: a throttling valve, a capillary tube, an orifice plate, etc. The throttling element 3 is used to regulate the flow rate of the refrigerant entering the refrigeration coil 1. By regulating the flow rate of the refrigerant entering the refrigeration coil 1, the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1 can be adjusted. When the refrigerant flows through the superheated coil 2, its superheat will further increase; therefore, adjusting the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1 also affects the outlet superheat of the superheated coil 2.

[0079] For example, when the superheat at the outlet of refrigeration coil 1 is low, the cooling equipment can reduce the opening of the throttling element 3 to decrease the flow rate of the refrigerant entering refrigeration coil 1 per unit time. This allows the refrigerant more time to absorb heat and completely evaporate as it flows through refrigeration coil 1 and superheated coil 2, thereby increasing the superheat at the outlets of both refrigeration coil 1 and superheated coil 2. Conversely, when the superheat at the outlet of refrigeration coil 1 is high, the cooling equipment can increase the opening of the throttling element 3 to increase the flow rate of the refrigerant entering refrigeration coil 1 per unit time, reducing the residence time of the refrigerant in refrigeration coil 1 and superheated coil 2. This reduces the superheat at the outlets of both refrigeration coil 1 and superheated coil 2. By adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant entering refrigeration coil 1 through the throttling element 3, it is ensured that the refrigerant in superheated coil 2 is always in a superheated state.

[0080] Furthermore, the throttling element 3 may include a throttling valve, which may be any component that can adjust the flow rate of a substance through it by receiving and responding to a control signal, such as an electronic expansion valve (EEV).

[0081] Furthermore, the cooling device also includes a sensor 4. Sensor 4 can be any sensor capable of acquiring sensing parameters, such as a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, etc. Sensor 4 is used to acquire sensing parameters at the outlet of the cooling coil 1 and / or the superheated coil 2; the sensing parameters may include, for example, temperature values, pressure values, etc. In one example, sensor 4 may include a temperature sensor T and a pressure sensor P disposed on the pipeline between the cooling coil 1 and the superheated coil 2; temperature sensor T is used to acquire the temperature value T1 at the outlet of the cooling coil 1, and pressure sensor P is used to acquire the pressure value P1 at the outlet of the cooling coil 1. In another example, sensor 4 may include a temperature sensor T2 and a pressure sensor P2 disposed on the pipeline at the outlet of the superheated coil 2; temperature sensor T2 is used to acquire the temperature value T3 at the outlet of the superheated coil 2, and pressure sensor P2 is used to acquire the pressure value P3 at the outlet of the superheated coil 2. Figure 3 The following is an illustrative example using a sensor that includes a temperature sensor T and a pressure sensor P.

[0082] The sensing parameters collected by sensor 4 are used to obtain the superheat. For example, the sensing parameters include temperature and pressure values. The cooling equipment can pre-store the mapping relationship between the saturation temperature and pressure values ​​of the refrigerant. After sensor 4 collects the temperature and pressure values ​​at the outlet of the refrigeration coil 1 and / or the superheat coil 2, the cooling equipment can look up the corresponding saturation temperature value based on the pressure value; then, by calculating the difference between the outlet temperature value and the saturation temperature value, the superheat at the outlet can be obtained. For example, the cooling equipment can look up the corresponding saturation temperature value Tsat1 based on the pressure value P1 at the outlet of the refrigeration coil 1, and calculate the difference T1-Tsat1 between the outlet temperature value T1 and the saturation temperature value Tsat1 to obtain the superheat at the outlet of the refrigeration coil 1.

[0083] In summary, the cooling device provided in this application embodiment, by adding a superheated coil 2, with its inlet connected to the outlet of the cooling coil 1, allows the refrigerant flowing out of the outlet of the cooling coil 1 to flow into the superheated coil 2. By adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant entering the cooling coil 1 through the throttling element 3, the outlet superheat of the cooling coil 1 and the outlet superheat of the superheated coil 2 can be adjusted, thereby transferring the entire superheated section of the cooling coil 1 to the superheated coil 2, further improving the heat exchange capacity of the outlet side of the cooling coil 1, and achieving a uniform air supply temperature.

[0084] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1 refers to the superheat of the refrigerant at the outlet position of the refrigeration coil 1; the outlet superheat of the superheat coil 2 refers to the superheat of the refrigerant at the outlet position of the superheat coil 2.

[0085] The following example illustrates the heat exchange effect before and after the improvement of the cooling equipment.

[0086] In this example, the hot return air temperature in the computer room is 35 degrees Celsius (°C). The outlet air temperature values ​​of cooling coil 1 are TH and TL, where TH represents the outlet air temperature value at the top of cooling coil 1 and TL represents the outlet air temperature value at the bottom of cooling coil 1.

[0087] Before the cooling equipment was improved: The cooling equipment consisted of a cooling coil 1. The refrigerant entered the cooling equipment through the lower manifold, flowed through the cooling coil 1, and then exited. After entering the cooling equipment, the liquid refrigerant absorbed heat from the hot return air passing through the cooling equipment. The refrigerant evaporated, and along the flow direction of the refrigerant, the refrigerant on the outlet side of the cooling equipment was fully evaporated, creating a superheated section. This superheated section was located at the upper part of the cooling equipment, where the heat exchange was low and the outlet air temperature (TH) was high. The non-superheated section had a large heat exchange and a low outlet air temperature (TL). In practice, when the cooling equipment was used in large-capacity air conditioning units, the outlet air temperature difference along the flow direction of the refrigerant could reach 4-6℃, resulting in very uneven airflow. This could lead to localized hot spots in the airflow organization within the computer room, causing server rack downtime.

[0088] After the cooling equipment was improved: combined with Figure 2 or Figure 3 The cooling device shown consists of a cooling coil 1 and a superheating coil 2. The superheating coil 2 is positioned behind the cooling coil 1 on its windward side. The cooling coil 1 and the superheating coil 2 are connected by a pipe. The refrigerant enters the cooling device from the lower manifold, flows through the cooling coil 1 and the superheating coil 2 in sequence, and then flows out. By placing a small section of the superheating coil 2 behind the windward side of the cooling coil 1, the superheat is cleverly transferred to the superheating coil 2 without reducing the heat exchange capacity of the cooling coil 1. When the hot return air from the 35°C computer room passes over the superheating coil 2, the temperature drop of the hot return air is small because the heat exchange capacity of the superheated section is very low. Assuming a temperature drop of 0.5°C, the return air temperature of the cooling coil 1 is 34.5°C. Therefore, the improved cooling device of this embodiment transfers the superheated section while ensuring the heat exchange capacity of the cooling coil 1. The heat exchange capacity of the cooling coil 1 is uniform throughout, thereby achieving the goal of uniform supply air temperature.

[0089] This application provides a cooling system, including... Figure 2 or Figure 3 The cooling device of the embodiment.

[0090] This application provides a control method, which is applied to, for example, Figure 2 or Figure 3The cooling device in the embodiment. The execution subject of the method can be, for example, a controller, which can be any module capable of outputting control signals such as high or low levels, such as a microcontroller, embedded processor, programmable logic device, or any other processing unit. Optionally, in addition to the processing unit, it may also include peripheral circuit units of the processing unit. The controller can be a module integrated into the cooling device, or it can be a module independent of the cooling device.

[0091] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a control method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the method includes:

[0092] S401, The controller detects the outlet superheat of cooling coil 1 and / or superheating coil 2.

[0093] For example, combining Figure 2 or Figure 3 The cooling device shown has a controller that detects the outlet superheat of cooling coil 1; or, the controller detects the outlet superheat of superheat coil 2; or, the controller detects the outlet superheat of both cooling coil 1 and superheat coil 2.

[0094] S402. The controller adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant according to the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1 and / or the superheat coil 2, so that the outlet superheat of the superheat coil 2 is greater than the first preset superheat.

[0095] The first preset superheat can be, for example, the difference between the temperature of the refrigerant and its saturation temperature. The specific value of the first preset superheat can be set according to the type of compressor, for example, it can be 5°C.

[0096] For example, there is a certain relationship between the outlet superheat of refrigeration coil 1 and the outlet superheat of superheated coil 2. For instance, the outlet superheat of superheated coil 2 is equal to the sum of the outlet superheat of refrigeration coil 1 and the increase in superheat of the refrigerant as it flows through superheated coil 2. The increase in superheat of the refrigerant as it flows through superheated coil 2 can be determined through theoretical calculation or actual measurement. In one example, when the outlet superheat of superheated coil 2 reaches a first preset temperature, it indicates that the outlet superheat of refrigeration coil 1 has reached a fourth preset temperature.

[0097] The controller can adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant according to the outlet superheat of the superheat coil 2, so that the outlet superheat of the superheat coil 2 is greater than the first preset superheat.

[0098] Alternatively, the controller can adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant based on the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1, so that the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1 is greater than the fourth preset superheat. In this case, the outlet superheat of the superheated coil 2 is greater than the first preset superheat.

[0099] Alternatively, the controller can adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant based on the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1 and the superheat coil 2, so that the outlet superheat of the superheat coil 2 is greater than the first preset superheat and the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1 is greater than the fourth preset superheat, thereby achieving that the outlet superheat of the superheat coil 2 is greater than the first preset superheat.

[0100] In summary, this embodiment of the application adds a superheated coil 2, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the cooling coil 1. This allows the refrigerant flowing from the outlet of the cooling coil 1 to flow into the superheated coil 2, transferring the superheated section of the cooling coil 1 to the superheated coil 2 without reducing the heat exchange capacity of the cooling coil 1, thus improving the heat exchange capacity at the outlet side of the cooling coil 1. By detecting the superheat at the outlet of the cooling coil 1 and / or the superheated coil 2 and adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant based on these measurements, it is ensured that the refrigerant flowing from the outlet of the superheated coil 2 can meet the normal operating requirements of subsequent components.

[0101] Furthermore, combined Figure 3 The cooling device shown can regulate the flow rate of the refrigerant by adjusting the opening of the throttling element 3, wherein the opening of the throttling element 3 is positively correlated with the flow rate of the refrigerant.

[0102] For example, the controller can establish a communication connection with the throttling element 3, and the controller can adjust the opening degree of the throttling element 3 to regulate the flow rate of the refrigerant by sending control signals to the throttling element 3.

[0103] In one example, the controller can increase the opening degree of the throttling element 3 by sending a control signal representing an increase in the opening degree, thereby increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant; and the controller can decrease the opening degree of the throttling element 3 by sending a control signal representing a decrease in the opening degree, thereby decreasing the flow rate of the refrigerant.

[0104] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating another control method provided in an embodiment of this application, which can be applied to... Figure 3 The cooling device shown is in Figure 4 Based on the embodiments, the control of the cooling equipment will be described in detail. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the method may include, for example, the following steps:

[0105] S501, The controller obtains the temperature and pressure values ​​of the refrigerant at the outlet of the refrigeration coil 1 and / or the superheated coil 2 through the sensor 4;

[0106] In one example, the controller can establish a communication connection with sensor 4. After acquiring the temperature and pressure values ​​of the refrigerant at the outlet of the cooling coil 1 and / or the superheated coil 2, sensor 4 can send the temperature and pressure values ​​to the controller through this communication connection.

[0107] In the above manner, the controller can obtain the temperature value T1 and pressure value P1 of the refrigerant at the outlet of the refrigeration coil 1, and / or the temperature value T3 and pressure value P3 of the refrigerant at the outlet of the superheated coil 2.

[0108] S502 The controller obtains the outlet superheat of refrigeration coil 1 and / or superheat coil 2 based on the temperature and pressure values.

[0109] For example, the controller can pre-store the mapping relationship between the saturation temperature and pressure values ​​of the refrigerant. After obtaining the temperature and pressure values ​​at the outlet of the refrigerant coil 1 and / or the superheated coil 2, the controller can look up the corresponding saturation temperature value based on the pressure value; then, by calculating the difference between the outlet temperature value and the saturation temperature value, the superheat at the outlet can be obtained.

[0110] In one example, the controller can find the corresponding saturation temperature value Tsat1 based on the pressure value P1 at the outlet of the refrigeration coil 1, and calculate the difference T1-Tsat1 between the temperature value T1 at the outlet of the refrigeration coil 1 and the saturation temperature value Tsat1 to obtain the superheat at the outlet of the refrigeration coil 1. Similarly, the controller can find the corresponding saturation temperature value Tsat2 based on the pressure value P2 at the outlet of the superheated coil 2, and calculate the difference T1-Tsat2 between the temperature value T2 at the outlet of the superheated coil 2 and the saturation temperature value Tsat2 to obtain the superheat at the outlet of the superheated coil 2.

[0111] S503, The controller detects whether the outlet superheat of the superheated coil 2 is greater than the first preset superheat.

[0112] When the outlet superheat of superheater coil 2 reaches the first preset superheat, it indicates that the refrigerant output by superheater coil 2 is in a fully evaporated state. If the outlet superheat of superheater coil 2 is not greater than the first preset superheat, it indicates that the refrigerant output by superheater coil 2 may have insufficient evaporation. In this case, outputting the refrigerant to subsequent components may cause damage. When the outlet superheat of superheater coil 2 is not greater than the first preset superheat, the outlet superheat of superheater coil 2 needs to be increased to ensure that the superheat of the refrigerant output by superheater coil 2 meets the requirements of subsequent components. By detecting the outlet superheat of superheater coil 2, a control benchmark can be provided for the subsequent controller to control the outlet superheat of superheater coil 2.

[0113] If not, proceed to step S504. If yes, proceed to step S505.

[0114] S504. If the outlet superheat of superheat coil 2 is not greater than the first preset superheat, the controller reduces the flow rate of the refrigerant to increase the outlet superheat of superheat coil 2.

[0115] In one example, if the outlet superheat of superheat coil 2 is not greater than a first preset superheat, the controller can send a control signal representing a reduction in the opening of throttling element 3 to reduce the opening of throttling element 3, thereby reducing the flow rate of the refrigerant. The refrigerant can then fully evaporate as it flows through refrigeration coil 1 and superheat coil 2, increasing the outlet superheat of superheat coil 2. This ensures that the superheat of the refrigerant output from superheat coil 2 meets the requirements of subsequent components.

[0116] S505, The controller detects whether the outlet superheat of the superheated coil 2 is greater than the second preset superheat.

[0117] The first preset superheat is less than the second preset superheat.

[0118] When the outlet superheat of superheated coil 2 reaches the second preset superheat, it indicates that the outlet superheat of refrigeration coil 1 has reached the third preset superheat. If the outlet superheat of refrigeration coil 1 is greater than the third preset superheat, it means that there is still a portion of superheat in refrigeration coil 1. Therefore, if the outlet superheat of superheated coil 2 is greater than the second preset superheat, it also indicates that there is still a portion of superheat on the outlet side of refrigeration coil 1. It is necessary to reduce the superheat of refrigeration coil 1 to minimize the superheated portion and improve the heat exchange capacity of refrigeration coil 1 on the outlet side.

[0119] If so, proceed to step S506.

[0120] S506. If the outlet superheat of superheat coil 2 is greater than the second preset superheat, the controller increases the flow rate of the refrigerant to reduce the outlet superheat of refrigerant coil 1.

[0121] In one example, if the outlet superheat of superheat coil 2 is greater than a second preset superheat, the controller can send a control signal representing an increase in the opening of throttling element 3 to increase the opening of throttling element 3, thereby increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant. As the refrigerant flows through refrigerant coil 1, evaporation is reduced, decreasing the outlet superheat of refrigerant coil 1, thus reducing the superheated section of refrigerant coil 1 and further improving the heat exchange capacity of refrigerant coil 1 at the outlet side.

[0122] Furthermore, if the outlet superheat of superheated coil 2 is not greater than the second preset superheat, it indicates that the refrigerant in superheated coil 2 is not entirely in a superheated state. In this case, the controller can maintain the refrigerant flow rate to maintain the outlet superheat of both refrigerant coil 1 and superheated coil 2; or, the controller can increase the refrigerant flow rate to increase the superheat of superheated coil 2 to the second preset superheat. This achieves a situation where there is no superheated section in refrigerant coil 1, and superheated coil 2 is entirely filled with superheated refrigerant, improving the utilization rate of the refrigerant and reducing energy consumption.

[0123] In step S505, in addition to detecting whether the outlet superheat of the superheated coil 2 is greater than the second preset superheat, the controller can also detect whether the outlet superheat of the cooling coil 1 is greater than the third preset superheat. The third preset superheat is less than the first preset superheat. If the outlet superheat of the cooling coil 1 is greater than the third preset superheat, it indicates that there is still a portion of the cooling coil 1 that is overheated. The superheat of the cooling coil 1 needs to be reduced to minimize the overheated portion of the cooling coil 1.

[0124] If so, proceed to step S507.

[0125] S507. If the outlet superheat of refrigeration coil 1 is greater than the third preset superheat, the flow rate of the refrigerant is increased to reduce the outlet superheat of refrigeration coil 1.

[0126] In one example, if the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1 is greater than a third preset superheat, the controller can send a control signal representing an increase in the opening of the throttling element 3 to increase the opening of the throttling element 3, thereby increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant. As the refrigerant flows through the refrigeration coil 1, evaporation is reduced, decreasing the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1, thus reducing the superheated section of the refrigeration coil 1 and further improving the heat exchange capacity of the refrigeration coil 1 at the outlet side.

[0127] Furthermore, if the outlet superheat of refrigeration coil 1 is not greater than the third preset superheat, it indicates that the refrigerant in superheated coil 2 is not entirely in a superheated state. In this case, the controller can maintain the refrigerant flow rate to maintain the outlet superheat of both refrigeration coil 1 and superheated coil 2; alternatively, the controller can increase the refrigerant flow rate to increase the outlet superheat of refrigeration coil 1 to the third preset superheat, that is, increase the superheat of superheated coil 2 to the second preset superheat. This achieves a situation where there is no superheated section in refrigeration coil 1, and the refrigerant in superheated coil 2 is entirely in a superheated state, improving the utilization rate of the refrigerant and reducing energy consumption.

[0128] In step S503, the controller, in addition to detecting whether the outlet superheat of the superheated coil 2 is greater than the first preset superheat, can also detect whether the outlet superheat of the cooling coil 1 is greater than the fourth preset superheat. The fourth preset superheat is less than the third preset superheat. When the outlet superheat of the cooling coil 1 reaches the fourth preset superheat, it indicates that the outlet superheat of the superheated coil 2 has reached the first preset superheat. As mentioned above, when the outlet superheat of the superheated coil 2 reaches the first preset superheat, it indicates that the refrigerant output by the superheated coil 2 is in a completely evaporated state. Therefore, if the outlet superheat of the cooling coil 1 is greater than the fourth preset superheat, it also indicates that the refrigerant output by the superheated coil 2 is in a completely evaporated state.

[0129] If the outlet superheat of refrigerant coil 1 is not greater than the fourth preset superheat, it indicates that the superheat of the refrigerant output by superheater coil 2 is too low, which may indicate insufficient evaporation of the refrigerant. The outlet superheat of superheater coil 2 needs to be increased to ensure that the superheat of the refrigerant output by superheater coil 2 meets the requirements of subsequent components. By detecting the outlet superheat of superheater coil 2, a control benchmark can be provided for the subsequent controller to control the outlet superheat of superheater coil 2.

[0130] If not, proceed to step S508. If yes, proceed to step S505.

[0131] S508. If the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1 is not greater than the fourth preset superheat, the controller reduces the flow rate of the refrigerant to increase the outlet superheat of the superheat coil 2.

[0132] In one example, if the outlet superheat of refrigeration coil 1 is not greater than a fourth preset superheat, the controller can send a control signal representing a reduction in the opening of throttling element 3 to reduce the opening of throttling element 3, thereby reducing the flow rate of the refrigerant. The refrigerant can then fully evaporate as it flows through refrigeration coil 1 and superheat coil 2, increasing the outlet superheat of superheat coil 2. This ensures that the superheat of the refrigerant output from superheat coil 2 meets the requirements of subsequent components.

[0133] In summary, this embodiment of the application detects the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1 and / or the superheated coil 2, and adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant based on these measurements, thereby ensuring that the refrigerant flowing out of the outlet of the superheated coil 2 can meet the normal operating requirements of subsequent components; at the same time, it minimizes the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1 to further reduce the superheated section of the refrigeration coil 1, further improves the heat exchange capacity on the outlet side of the refrigeration coil 1, and achieves the effect of uniform air supply temperature.

[0134] The following is combined Figure 3 The cooling device shown is used as an example to illustrate how to transfer superheat to superheat coil 2, taking the control of the outlet superheat of cooling coil 1 as an example.

[0135] like Figure 3 As shown, a temperature sensor T and a pressure sensor P are installed on the connecting pipe between the refrigeration coil 1 and the superheated coil 2. The temperature sensor T can detect the temperature value T1 of the refrigerant at the outlet of the refrigeration coil 1, and the pressure sensor P can detect the pressure value P1 of the refrigerant at the outlet of the refrigeration coil 1.

[0136] The third preset superheat can be set to, for example, 1°C, which indicates that there is no superheated section in the refrigeration coil 1 and that the refrigeration medium in the superheated coil 2 is in a superheated state.

[0137] The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0138] (1) The controller detects the temperature value T1 of the refrigerant at the outlet of the refrigeration coil 1 in real time through the temperature sensor T; and detects the pressure value P1 of the refrigerant at the outlet of the refrigeration coil 1 through the pressure sensor P.

[0139] (2) The controller obtains the outlet superheat SH of the refrigeration coil 1 based on the temperature value T1 and the pressure value P1.

[0140] (3) When the outlet superheat SH of the refrigeration coil 1 is detected to be no greater than the third preset superheat SHset, it indicates that there is still an overheat section in the refrigeration coil 1. Then the controller controls the throttling element 3 to increase the opening degree, increase the flow rate of the refrigerant, and reduce the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1.

[0141] When the outlet superheat SH of the refrigeration coil 1 is detected to be less than the third preset superheat SHset, it indicates that the superheated coil 2 is not entirely filled with superheated refrigerant. The controller then controls the throttling element 3 to reduce the opening, reduce the flow rate of the refrigerant, increase the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1, and ensure that the refrigerant in the superheated coil 2 is entirely in a superheated state.

[0142] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a control device provided in an embodiment of this application, which is applied to, for example... Figure 2 or Figure 3 The cooling device shown in the embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the device includes: a detection module 601 and an adjustment module 602.

[0143] The detection module 601 is used to detect the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1 and / or the superheat coil 2;

[0144] The regulating module 602 is used to regulate the flow rate of the refrigerant according to the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1 and / or the superheat coil 2, so that the outlet superheat of the superheat coil 2 is greater than the first preset superheat.

[0145] One possible implementation is that if the outlet superheat of the superheated coil 2 is not greater than the first preset superheat, the regulating module 602 is used to reduce the flow rate of the refrigerant to increase the outlet superheat of the superheated coil 2.

[0146] In one possible implementation, if the outlet superheat of the superheated coil 2 is greater than the second preset superheat, the regulating module 602 is further used to increase the flow rate of the refrigerant medium to reduce the outlet superheat of the refrigerant coil 1; wherein the first preset superheat is less than the second preset superheat.

[0147] In one possible implementation, if the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1 is greater than the third preset superheat, the adjustment module 602 is also used to increase the flow rate of the refrigerant to reduce the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil 1; the third preset superheat is less than the first preset superheat.

[0148] In one possible implementation, if the outlet superheat of the cooling coil 1 is not greater than the fourth preset superheat, the regulating module 602 is also used to reduce the flow rate of the refrigerant to increase the outlet superheat of the superheated coil 2; the fourth preset superheat is less than the third preset superheat.

[0149] One possible implementation is an adjustment module 602, specifically used to adjust the opening degree of the throttling element 3, wherein the opening degree of the throttling element 3 is positively correlated with the flow rate of the refrigerant.

[0150] One possible implementation is that the detection module 601 is specifically used to obtain the temperature and pressure values ​​of the refrigerant at the outlet of the refrigeration coil 1 and / or the superheated coil 2 through the sensor 4; and to obtain the superheat at the outlet of the refrigeration coil 1 and / or the superheated coil 2 based on the temperature and pressure values.

[0151] The control device provided in this embodiment can execute the method provided in the above method embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be described in detail here.

[0152] This application also provides a cooling device, including a cooling system and a control device.

[0153] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cooling device, characterized in that, include: A refrigeration coil is used to allow the refrigerant entering the inlet of the refrigeration coil to flow out through the outlet of the refrigeration coil. The refrigerant is used for heat exchange; A superheated coil, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the refrigeration coil, so that the refrigerant flowing out of the outlet of the refrigeration coil flows through the superheated coil.

2. The cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The superheating coil is located on one side of the cooling coil.

3. The cooling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The superheated coil is located on one side of the cooling coil, in at least a portion of the area near the outlet of the cooling coil.

4. The cooling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The superheated coil is located on the windward side of the cooling coil.

5. The cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet of the superheated coil is connected to the outlet of the refrigeration coil via a pipe.

6. The cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet of the refrigeration coil is equipped with a throttling element; The throttling element is used to regulate the flow rate of the refrigerant entering the refrigeration coil.

7. The cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling device also includes: a sensor; The sensor is used to collect sensing parameters at the outlet of the cooling coil and / or the superheating coil; the sensing parameters are used to obtain the superheat.

8. The cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refrigeration coil and / or the superheating coil are microchannel heat exchangers or copper tube finned heat exchangers.

9. The cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of superheated coils is one or more, and the multiple superheated coils are stacked.

10. The cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlets of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheating coil are located at their lower or upper parts.

11. A cooling system, characterized in that, Includes the cooling device as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A control method applied to a cooling device as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, include: Detect the outlet superheat of the cooling coil and / or the superheating coil; The flow rate of the refrigerant is adjusted according to the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil, so that the outlet superheat of the superheat coil is greater than a first preset superheat.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant based on the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil includes: If the outlet superheat of the superheated coil is not greater than the first preset superheat, the flow rate of the refrigerant is reduced to increase the outlet superheat of the superheated coil.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant based on the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil further includes: If the outlet superheat of the superheated coil is greater than the second preset superheat, the flow rate of the refrigerant is increased to reduce the outlet superheat of the refrigerant coil; wherein the first preset superheat is less than the second preset superheat.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant based on the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil further includes: If the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil is greater than the third preset superheat, the flow rate of the refrigerant is increased to reduce the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil; the third preset superheat is less than the first preset superheat.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant based on the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil further includes: If the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil is not greater than the fourth preset superheat, the flow rate of the refrigeration medium is reduced to increase the outlet superheat of the superheat coil; the fourth preset superheat is less than the third preset superheat.

17. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The adjustment of the flow rate of the refrigerant specifically includes: Adjust the opening degree of the throttling element, wherein the opening degree of the throttling element is positively correlated with the flow rate of the refrigerant.

18. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that, The detection of the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil specifically includes: The temperature and pressure values ​​of the refrigerant at the outlet of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheated coil are obtained by sensors. Based on the temperature and pressure values, the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil is obtained.

19. A control device applied to a cooling device as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The device includes: A detection module is used to detect the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil; The adjustment module is used to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant according to the outlet superheat of the refrigeration coil and / or the superheat coil, so that the outlet superheat of the superheat coil is greater than a first preset superheat.

20. A cooling device, characterized in that, It includes the cooling system as described in claim 11 and the control device as described in claim 19.

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