Color balanced sunglass lenses for ocular photobiomodulation

Abstract

A sunglass lens for providing ocular bio-stimulation while also providing ocular sun protection, clear vision, and appropriate color vision for safe driving.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications This application relies on the disclosures of the following U.S. patent applications and claims priority and interest on the filing date of the following U.S. patent applications: U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 603,258, filed on November 28, 2023, entitled "Optimized Neuro-Light Therapy". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 609,306, filed on December 12, 2023, entitled "Neuro-Light Therapy Improved". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 617,363, filed on January 3, 2024, entitled "Neuro-Light Therapy Optimized". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 623,253, filed on January 20, 2024, entitled "Neuro-Light Therapy Further Optimized". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 627,703, filed on January 31, 2024, entitled "Neuro-Light Optogenetic Therapy". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 550,852, filed on February 7, 2024, entitled "Enhanced Neuro-Light Optogenetic Therapy". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 553,226, filed on February 14, 2024, entitled "Neuro-Light Optogenetic Therapy Enhanced". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 553,693, filed on February 15, 2024, entitled "Enhanced Neuro-Light Optogenetic Therapy". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 561,266, filed on March 4, 2024, entitled "Ocular Neuro-Light Therapy". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 569,005, filed on March 22, 2024, entitled "Ocular Neuro-Light Therapy Improved". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 639,892, filed on April 29, 2024, entitled "Ocular Optogenetic Neuro Therapy". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 648,098, filed on May 15, 2024, entitled "Ocular Optogenetic Therapy". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 654,566, filed on May 31, 2024, entitled "Optogenetic Lens Designs". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 671,237, filed on July 14, 2024, entitled "XR Optogenetic Stimulation of the Human Eye and Sunglasses Allowing Dopamine Production". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 673,746, filed on July 21, 2024, entitled "Enhanced XR Optogenetic Stimulation of the Human Eye and Sunglasses Allowing Dopamine Production". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 674,219, filed on July 22, 2024, entitled "Advanced XR Optogenetic Stimulation of the Human Eye and Sunglasses Allowing Dopamine Production". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 676,855, filed on July 29, 2024, entitled "XR Optogenetic Stimulation". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 684,509, filed on August 19, 2024, entitled "Refined Optogenetic Lens Designs". U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 827,782, filed on September 8, 2024, entitled "Ocular Photo-Bio-Stimulation Optics". U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 827,786, filed on September 8, 2024, entitled "Ocular Photo-Bio-Stimulation Optics". U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 697,560, filed on September 22, 2024, entitled "Filtering Eyewear and Optics for Ocular Photo-Bio-Stimulation". U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 914,202, filed on October 13, 2024, entitled "Filtering Eyewear and Optics for Ocular Photo-Bio-Stimulation". U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 928,126, filed on October 27, 2024, entitled "Filtering Eyewear and Optics for Ocular Photo-Bio-Stimulation". U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 951,274, filed on November 18, 2024, entitled "Sunglass Lens and Sunglass Optics for Ocular Photo-Bio-Stimulation". U.S. Applications 18 / 827,782 and 18 / 827,786 rely on the disclosures of the following U.S. applications and claim priority and benefits from the following U.S. application filing dates: U.S. Application 63 / 537,021, filed September 7, 2023, entitled “Device Providing Blue Light for Alertness and Red Light for Calming”; U.S. Application 63 / 540,090, filed September 24, 2023, entitled “Enhanced Device Providing Blue Light for Alertness and Red Light for Calming”; and U.S. Application 28, 2023, entitled “Device Providing Blue Light Alertness and / or Red Light Calming”. U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 541,243, entitled "A device for providing blue light alertness and / or red light sedation"; U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 546,848, filed November 1, 2023, entitled "Improved Eyewear or Optic Providing Blue Light Alertness, Myopia Control, Green Light Pain Relief, and Red-Light Calming"; U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 548,204, filed November 12, 2023, entitled "Neuro-Light Therapy"; and U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 600,139, filed November 17, 2023, entitled "Enhanced Neuro-Light Therapy".

[0002] The disclosures in these applications are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Background Technology Technical Field

[0003] This invention relates in part to photobiological stimulation therapy, a biotechnology that uses light to control or influence the activity of neurons or other cell types in, on, or around the eye. As used herein, photobiological stimulation is a broad category, and photobiogenesis, optogenetics, and phototherapy are all forms of photobiological stimulation. This invention relates in part to photobiogenesis therapy, which involves using non-ionizing electromagnetic energy to trigger photochemical changes within cellular structures. This invention relates in part to optogenetics. Optogenetics is a biotechnology that uses light to control the activity of neurons or other cell types. This invention relates in part to phototherapy, also known as phototherapy or bright light therapy, which is a treatment that uses controlled exposure to artificial or natural light to treat medical conditions.

[0004] A description of the anatomy of the eye will help in understanding the invention described herein.

[0005] The retinal layer of the eye refer to Figure 1 Retinal cones are photoreceptor cells in the retina that give humans color vision and help them see fine details. Cones are cone-shaped, with a pointed top and a rounded base, and are located in the center of the retina, in an area called the macula, the center of which is called the fovea. There are approximately 6 million cones.

[0006] Further reference Figure 1 Rods make up more than 95% of photoreceptor cells in the retina. There are approximately 125 million rods that converge signals to provide high sensitivity to dark-adapted vision that presents monochromatic images (such as starlight). Lack of color vision is a hallmark of rod-mediated vision. Rods are absent within the 350 μm region of the fovea, but peak rod density is found in a ring-shaped region approximately 20 degrees off-center.

[0007] Further reference Figure 7 Rhodopsin is an opsin in rod cells of the retina and a photosensitive receptor protein that triggers visual light transduction in rods.

[0008] Further reference Figure 1Intrinsic photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), also known as melanopsin-containing photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (mRGcs), are retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that are neurons in the retina that transmit visual information from the eye to the brain. They are located near the inner surface of the retina (ganglionic cell layer). They receive visual information from photoreceptor cells via two types of interneurons: bipolar cells and amacrine cells. Together, retinal ganglion cells transmit image-forming and non-image-forming visual information from the retina to several regions in the thalamus, hypothalamus, and midbrain or diencephalon. There are approximately 1.2 to 1.5 million retinal ganglion cells in the human retina. Melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs) account for only 0.3% to 0.8% of the total retinal ganglion cells.

[0009] Further reference Figure 7 Melanosporin (a G family-coupled receptor) is located in the ganglion cell layer of the retina and plays an important role in non-image-forming visual functions, including hormone secretion, circadian rhythm synchronization, cognitive and emotional processes.

[0010] Further reference Figure 9 Melatonin is a natural hormone primarily produced by the pineal gland in the brain. It plays an important role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle and circadian rhythm.

[0011] Further reference Figure 1 Amacrine cells are nerve cells in the vertebrate retina that act as interneurons or local loop neurons, connecting two projection neurons. They are located in the inner nuclear layer of the retina and are the first neurons in the visual system to generate action potentials. Amacrine cells are named for their presumed lack of axons. They come in various shapes and sizes and are synaptic active in the inner plexus (IPL).

[0012] Further reference Figure 1 Dopaminergic amacrine aneurysms (DACs) are the sole source of dopamine in the retina, and dopamine release in the retina follows a circadian rhythm and is regulated by light exposure. DACs comprise less than 1% of all aneurysms in the retina. DACs are the primary source of dopamine in the retina and are one of the rarest cell types in the retina, with a density of approximately 10 to 100 cells / mm². DACs were the first retinal neurons to be neurochemically identified. They possess long primary dendrites, sparse dendritic branching, and axons that typically emerge from the cell body or primary dendrites. Their dendritic distribution is irregular, often elongated or asymmetrical.

[0013] Further reference Figure 1The optic nerve head (optic disc) is composed of nerve tissue, blood vessels, and connective tissue. The convergence of axons of retinal ganglion cells (RG) at the optic disc forms the neuroretinal rim surrounding the optic cup, which is the central shallow depression within the optic disc.

[0014] Further reference Figure 2 The macula is a small, round area in the center of the retina, a light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the eye. It is approximately 5 millimeters in diameter and about a quarter of a millimeter thick, and is responsible for central vision, color vision, and fine detail. The macula is the part of the retina used for direct viewing of objects, such as when reading or recognizing distant faces.

[0015] Further reference Figure 2 The fovea centralis (or fovea) is the small fovea within the retina with the highest visual sensitivity. The fovea itself is the central part of the macula and is responsible for central vision.

[0016] refer to Figure 1 Retinal rods and cones are photoreceptor cells in the retina that detect light and convert it into signals that the brain can use to see.

[0017] refer to Figure 4 The diagram shows the diameter of the retina and the retinal regions relative to the center of the fovea: the posterior (or central) region (radius < 10 mm), the intermediate region (radius = 10 to 15 mm), and the distal region (radius > 15 mm).

[0018] refer to Figure 5 The figure shows pupil size relative to ambient light. For example only, pupil size can be 3.5 mm at 550 lux, 4.2 mm at 350 lux, 5.2 mm at 150 lux, 5.03 mm at 40 lux, and 5.4 mm at 2 lux.

[0019] refer to Figure 11Myopia (nearsightedness or nearsightedness) is a common eye condition that causes light to bend and focus in front of the retina instead of on it. This makes distant objects appear blurry, while nearby objects appear normal. A myopia epidemic is quietly taking place worldwide. It is projected that by 2050, approximately 50% of the world's population will be nearsighted. The number of people with myopia is projected to reach approximately 5 billion. Hyperopia (farsightedness) is a common vision condition that allows you to see distant objects clearly, but nearby objects may appear blurry. In farsightedness, light focuses behind the retina in the eye. Astigmatism is a common eye problem that occurs when there is an abnormality in the shape of the cornea or lens of the eye, causing light to bend to varying degrees as it enters the eye. This refractive error causes visual distortion or blurring at any distance and can make it difficult to see fine details. Presbyopia is a refractive error that causes the eye to lose its ability to focus on near objects as it ages. It is also known as age-related farsightedness. Presbyopia occurs when the lens of the eye loses its elasticity and can no longer focus light correctly onto the retina. This makes reading, threading a needle, or performing other near tasks more difficult. Symptoms include blurred near vision, eye strain, headaches, difficulty concentrating on crafts and hobbies, and the need for brighter lighting to achieve clearer near vision. Dry macular degeneration (AMD) is a common eye disorder that affects the macula, the part of the retina that gives the eye its sharp vision. It is a chronic disease that typically develops in both eyes and is caused by metabolic disorders, genetic factors, and environmental factors. As people age, the macula thins, and the light-sensitive cells within it slowly break down, leading to blurred or diminished central vision. AMD is known as age-related macular degeneration, and therefore its lesions begin in the central part of the macular region of the retina. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic eye condition that occurs when high blood sugar caused by diabetes damages the blood vessels in the retina. Damaged blood vessels can swell, leak, or bleed, resulting in blurred vision, blind spots, and difficulty distinguishing colors. This usually begins in the periphery of the macular region of the retina. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the retina, the light-sensitive part of the eye located at the back. RP causes the photoreceptor cells in the retina to gradually break down over time, leading to vision loss. Symptoms typically begin in childhood or adolescence and include night blindness and peripheral vision loss. This can begin in the distal and middle periphery of the retina and progresses from the peripheral retina towards the center.

[0020] See Figure 6 The visible light spectrum is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that the human eye can see. More simply, this wavelength range is called visible light. Typically, the human eye can detect wavelengths from 380 to 700 nanometers.

[0021] refer to Figure 7The image shows the photosensitivity spectra of melanopsin and rhodopsin. Regarding the spectral sensitivity of human vision, the maximum spectral sensitivity of the human eye under sunlight is approximately 555 nm (yellow / green arrows), while at night the peak shifts to approximately 507 nm (green arrow), close to the rhodopsin peak (blue-green dashed line, peak at approximately 505 nm). Circadian rhythmic photoreception mediated by intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells expressing melanopsin integrates light information, but is most sensitive to the prominent blue portion of the spectrum (blue dashed line). The human retina also contains macular lutein (X), a yellow pigment found to consist of two chromatographically separable components (i) lutein and (ii) zeaxanthin, with a broad absorption spectrum (approximately 100 nm wide), the spectral center located between short-wavelength and medium-to-long-wavelength photoreceptor pigments in the retina (peak at approximately 460 nm). Rhodopsin, a visual pigment found in photoreceptor rods, exhibits peak sensitivity to blue-green light at approximately 500 nanometers (nm). This means that rhodopsin absorbs green and blue light most strongly, giving it a reddish-purple appearance. Melanopsis has a peak wavelength of approximately 480 nm. Additionally, 25% to 33% of all light entering the eye is absorbed by pigment granules in the RPE and choroid. The naturally occurring pigment melanin contained within these granules in the RPE and choroid, along with small amounts of hemoglobin present in red blood cells, absorbs excess scattered light to improve visual acuity. This serves to protect photoreceptor cells from light damage and is believed to have functions such as scavenging free radicals and inhibiting photosensitive molecules.

[0022] refer to Figure 8 Longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) is the inability of a lens to focus different wavelengths of light onto the same focal plane. This occurs when light of different wavelengths is scattered at different points along the optical axis from the lens, creating blurred circles. This results in unintentional colored streaks (even in the center of the image) and colored areas where not all three colors are focused. The eye's natural longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) is an optical defect that causes the image projected onto the retina to be blurred. It occurs because the eye's refractive index varies with wavelength, causing the eye's optical power to vary by almost 2 diopters (D) across the visible spectrum. This focusing aberration causes shorter wavelengths to focus ahead of longer wavelengths, which is known as LCA. The longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) of optical lens materials decreases as the Abbe number increases. The Abbe number measures the degree to which a lens disperses light, and lenses with higher Abbe numbers disperse less light and produce less chromatic aberration. Chromatic aberration is inversely proportional to the Abbe number, meaning that as the Abbe number decreases, chromatic aberration increases.

[0023] refer to Figure 9Brain-related hormones include melatonin, serotonin, and dopamine. Studies have shown that dopamine production and release increase with light and decrease with darkness, while melatonin does the opposite. Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that occurs seasonally, typically during the fall and winter months when there is less sunlight.

[0024] refer to Figure 10Serotonin and dopamine are neurotransmitters that act as chemical messengers between nerve cells in the brain and the rest of the body. They are often called "happy hormones" because they both play a role in positive emotions and moods. Serotonin (5-HT) in the brain is a naturally produced chemical messenger that acts as both a neurotransmitter and a hormone. It is involved in many physiological functions, including those of the central nervous system: mood, memory, anger, fear, appetite, stress, addiction, sexual pleasure, sleep, pain perception, as well as central respiratory drive and pupillary dilation. Serotonin is a chemical messenger that influences feelings of well-being and happiness. Many antidepressants increase serotonin levels in the brain. Serotonin is present in the eyes, where it plays a neuromodulatory role in the retina and is also found in human tears. In the eyes, serotonin is present in A17 cells, where it coexists with GABA. The serotonin receptor signaling pathway is specific to the retina, and activating these receptors can help prevent photoreceptor cell degeneration. Serotonin is also involved in retinal physiology, pathophysiology, and photoreceptor cell survival. Sunlight entering the eye stimulates the retina, which then signals the brain to produce serotonin. Dopamine, a chemical messenger in the brain, helps nerve cells communicate with each other. It is produced in the brain and acts on cells in other parts of the brain. Dopamine plays a role in many bodily functions, including motivation, pleasure, movement, memory, and mood. Dopamine is known as the "happy hormone." High or low dopamine levels may be associated with conditions such as Parkinson's disease, restless legs syndrome, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Low dopamine levels may also cause symptoms such as anxiety, sadness, insomnia, and decreased libido. Dopamine (DA) in the eye is a neurotransmitter in the retina that plays a role in visual signal transmission, development, and refractive accommodation. It is present in the retina of all vertebrates, including humans, and is released from dopaminergic amacrine cells in the inner retinal plexus. DA levels depend on light and the contrast of the retinal image. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common and well-studied neurodevelopmental disorders in children. The word "neuro" refers to nerves in various contexts. Scientists have discovered differences in the brains, neural networks, and neurotransmitters of people with ADHD. ADHD is a long-term (chronic) brain disorder that leads to executive function impairment, meaning it impairs a person's ability to manage their emotions, thoughts, and actions. ADHD makes it difficult for people to: manage their behavior, maintain attention, control excessive activity, regulate their emotions, stay organized, concentrate, and / or obey instructions and sit still. Children are usually diagnosed in childhood, and the condition often persists into adulthood. However, effective treatments are currently available. Without treatment, ADHD can lead to serious, lifelong complications. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, nearly 11% of American children aged 2 to 17 are diagnosed with ADHD, which translates to an estimated 6 million children aged 3 to 17.Worldwide, 7.2% of children are diagnosed with ADHD. It is estimated that ADHD affects more than 8 million adults (or up to 5% of Americans). Many medical conditions are associated with low dopamine levels, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, restless legs syndrome, depression, schizophrenia, brain fog, mood swings, chronic fatigue, and muscle spasms. Low serotonin levels may be associated with many health conditions, including depression and other mood problems such as anxiety, sleep problems, digestive problems, suicidal behavior, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and panic disorder.

[0025] Exposure to blue light wavelengths stimulates the production of serotonin and dopamine in the eyes and possibly the brain. Furthermore, very bright, strong red light has been found to stimulate serotonin and dopamine production. Serotonin is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that affects mood, appetite, sleep, temperature regulation, and some social behaviors. 95% of the body's serotonin is produced in the gut. Dopamine is an excitatory neurotransmitter that regulates motivation. Low dopamine levels may lead to ADHD, as well as memory loss, decreased libido, indigestion, muscle cramps, restless legs syndrome, Parkinson's disease, cognitive impairment, and increased myopia. Dopamine is produced in multiple regions of the brain. Some dopamine is produced in the retina of the eye by rods and / or ganglion cells, more than cones.

[0026] Research has shown that green light wavelengths can relieve or reduce pain by stimulating cone cells, which then initiate signaling pathways leading to the activation of opioid receptors in the DRN. It is believed that green lighting can stimulate the release of endogenous endorphins and stimulate the cannabinoid system, which can improve mood and increase pain tolerance. For example, green light is thought to reduce pain associated with migraines and other types of pain.

[0027] The "ISO sunglasses traffic light test" refers to the standardized procedure outlined in the ISO 12312-1 standard. This procedure measures how well a pair of sunglasses allows a wearer to distinguish traffic light colors, thus ensuring the wearer meets driving safety requirements without significantly altering the visibility of red, yellow, and green lights. Essentially, it tests the sunglasses' ability to accurately transmit the necessary wavelengths of light for traffic signal perception. Key points of the ISO sunglasses traffic light test include: the test is based on the ISO 12312-1 standard, which covers requirements for general-purpose sunglasses, including those worn while driving. The test evaluates the "light transmittance" of sunglasses at specific wavelengths corresponding to red, yellow, and green light, ensuring sufficient levels of light pass through the lenses for accurate perception of traffic signals. The ANSI sunglasses traffic light test is a similar type of test. Crucially, the sunglasses lenses / optics / eyewear passing this test demonstrate that, when worn by the wearer / user, they enable safe driving. Therefore, proper color balance of light transmitted through the sunglasses lenses to the eye is essential for safe driving.

[0028] Description of related technologies While ocular photobistimulation has been tested previously, there is a need for improvement in the art. For example, U.S. Patent No. 10,444,505 B2 teaches a head-mounted display comprising a light source and an optical waveguide adapted to collect light emitted from the light source and guide the collected light to the eye. U.S. Patent No. 10,444,505 B2 further teaches the use of light with blue-green wavelengths in the range of 460 nm to 520 nm to directly target intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), more specifically melanopsin ganglion cells, and indirectly target rods. However, U.S. Patent No. 10,444,505 B2 does not teach means for maximizing the number of stimulated ganglion cells and rods. The greater the number of stimulated melanopsin ganglion cells and rods, the greater the physiological response. This prior art does not describe how to stimulate certain areas of the mid-peripheral and distal peripheral retina that are normally not stimulated when light shines into the eye. The teachings included herein will show that an estimated 20% to 30% of the retina of each eye is typically unstimulated when looking straight ahead. U.S. Patent No. 5,923,398 teaches off-axis photon stimulation of the human eye, provided by a light field offering biological or psychological benefits. This technology teaches embedded or fixed light delivery elements, such as fiber optic components that deliver off-axis stimulation to the peripheral region of the retina. The aesthetics of the device need improvement. Furthermore, anyone seeing an individual wearing such a device would find it odd, as the wearer's eyelids and eyes appear to glow. Both U.S. Patents 10,444,505 B2 and 5,923,398 teach the use of eye tracking to identify the position of the pupil of the eye. Therefore, there is a need for a simplified and more aesthetically pleasing way to provide photobiological stimulation to one or both of a user's eyes. The embodiments of the invention taught herein address this need. The invention disclosed herein teaches various embodiments of electronic displays, optics, lenses, extended reality, and modified extended reality that are not taught by any known prior art.

[0029] U.S. Patent No. 5,083,858 teaches the design of tinted lenses that filter and transmit light with an absorption curve approximating that of rhodopsin. However, 5,083,858 does not teach tinted lenses that transmit filtered light with an absorption curve approximating that of melanopsin. Furthermore, U.S. 5,083,858 does not teach filtering lenses capable of reducing overall visible light transmittance to below 40% or 30% while approximating the absorption curve of rhodopsin and other differences. U.S. Patent No. 5,083,858 does not describe the intensity (lux) of light transmitted from sunglasses lenses to stimulate dopamine in the wearer's eye. The patent does not describe the duration of wear during the day, color-balanced transmission, or the correct color balance of the wavelengths of light transmitted to the eye as required by ANSI or ISO traffic light tests. This invention is an improvement upon this technology.

[0030] U.S. Patent No. 11,086,145 B2 teaches additional examples of tinted filter lenses having a light transmittance peak of 465 nm or 495 nm, and a light transmittance range of 70% in the wavelength range of 400 nm-490 nm and a light transmittance range of less than 70% outside the 400 nm-490 nm range. Again, U.S. Patent No. 11,086,145 B2 does not teach tinted filter lenses with a total visible light transmittance of less than 40% or 30%, or other variations. The present invention is an improvement on this technology. U.S. Patent No. 11,086,145 B2 teaches that the light intensity (lux) of a sunglasses lens is at least 200 lux, but limits the light intensity in lux to no more than 300 lux. This patent does not describe the duration of wear during the day, does not describe color-balanced transmission, and does not describe that proper color balance of the wavelengths of light transmitted to the eye is required by ANSI or ISO traffic light testing. The present invention is an improvement on this technology.

[0031] EP 3,528,036 A1 teaches tinted filter lenses with an absorption spectrum having an absorption curve approximating that of melanopsin, and also shows other tinted lenses prior to EP 3,528,036. However, apart from other differences from this invention, the overall visible light transmittance is not less than 40% or less, or 30% or less. EP 3,528,036 does not describe the light intensity (lux) transmitted from sunglasses lenses to stimulate dopamine in the wearer's eye. This patent does not describe the duration of wear during the day, does not describe color-balanced transmission, and does not describe the correct color balance of the wavelengths of light transmitted from sunglasses lenses to the eye as required by ANSI or ISO traffic light tests. This invention is an improvement upon this technology.

[0032] US Publication No. 2024 / 0036357 A1 teaches a photochromic lens for photochromic sunglasses, which has a total visible light transmittance between 40% and 55% in the activated state, wherein the light transmittance in the range of 450 nm to 510 nm is less than 50%. US Publication No. 2024 / 0036357... Figure 3 Light transmittance in nanometers is listed, and when calculated, it teaches an overall visible light transmittance of 42.13%. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The overall visible light transmittance is shown to be greater than and not less than 42.13%. (2024 / 0036357 A1) Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 It was shown that the light transmittance was consistently less than 50% in the range of 450 nm to 510 nm. US Publication No. 2024 / 0036357 does not describe the light intensity (lux) transmitted from the sunglasses lens to stimulate dopamine in the wearer's eye. This patent does not describe the duration of wear during the day, color-balanced transmission, or the correct color balance of the wavelengths of light transmitted from the sunglasses lens to the eye as required by ANSI or ISO traffic light tests. This invention is an improvement upon this technology.

[0033] U.S. Patent No. 11,065,468 teaches a wide wavelength range belonging to the ranges of 450 nm–530 nm, 460 nm–560 nm, and preferably 480 nm–520 nm. U.S. Patent No. 11,065,468 teaches light transmittance of 50% or greater in the range of 480 nm–510 nm. Further, the art teaches total visual transmittance of 18% to 43%, 8% to 17%, and 3% to 8%. U.S. Patent No. 11,065,468 does not describe the intensity (lux) of light transmitted from sunglasses lenses. This patent does not describe the duration of wear during the day, does not describe color-balanced transmittance, and does not describe that proper color balance of the wavelengths of light transmitted from sunglasses lenses to the eye is required by ANSI or ISO traffic light tests. The present invention is an improvement upon this technology.

[0034] US Publication No. 2022 / 0397774 A1 teaches the transmission of a 30 nm, limited wavelength range of light from 465 nm to 495 nm, which is less than 50% of the absorption curve of melanopsin or rhodopsin. US Publication No. 2022 / 0397774 A1 does indeed demonstrate the ability of a tinted filter to transmit more than 32% of light within 465 nm and 495 nm within a limited / narrow 30 nm wavelength range, and the tinted filter also exhibits an overall visible light transmittance of 18% or less. However, the light transmittance performance of the tinted filter in US Publication No. 2022 / 0397774 A1 within the 465 nm to 495 nm wavelength range, as well as the percentage of overall visible light transmittance of the tinted filter, is due to the utilization of this narrow 30 nm wavelength range within 465 nm to 495 nm. While the limited 30 nm wavelength range is advantageous for achieving a total visible light transmittance of less than 18% for tinted lenses, it significantly restricts the ability of tinted lenses to transmit the intensity (lux) of blue light from sunlight from sunrise to sunset, as well as the amount of blue light intensity (lux) transmitted through the tinted lens. This is because the percentage of blue light wavelengths in sunlight decreases from morning to evening as the sun moves across the sky throughout the day. Therefore, if the lens transmits only blue light within a limited wavelength range of 465 nm–495 nm, instead of the wider wavelength range of 450 nm–510 nm, the amount of blue light intensity (lux) will significantly decrease as sunlight moves from sunrise to morning, to noon, to afternoon, and to sunset (see [link to related documentation]). Figures 70 to 73 U.S. Publication No. 2022 / 0397774 A1 does not describe the intensity (lux) of light transmitted from sunglasses lenses to stimulate dopamine in the wearer's eyes. This patent does not describe the duration of wear during the day, color balance transmission, or the correct color balance of the wavelengths of light transmitted from sunglasses lenses to the eye as required by ANSI or ISO traffic light tests. This invention is an improvement upon this technology. Summary of the Invention

[0035] The embodiments disclosed herein can provide photobiological stimulation to the retina of the eye via light of a specific wavelength, and in some embodiments, to the entire retina, the foveal periretina, and / or the macula periretina. In some embodiments, the light stimulation is aimed at or targeted at rods. In other embodiments, the light stimulation is aimed at or targeted at ganglion cells. In still other embodiments, it is aimed at or targeted at both rods and ganglion cells. When ganglion cells are referred to herein, the targeted or stimulated ganglion cells are melanopsin-containing ganglion cells (ipRGCs) or may also be referred to as mRGCs.

[0036] According to embodiments of the invention described herein, for the purpose of stimulating dopamine production in the eyes and / or brain of the user / wearer, and for the purpose of increasing the amount of dopamine produced and the duration of dopamine activity, the brighter the light intensity (lux) delivered to the retina of the eye through the tinted filter lens throughout the day, the better the dopamine outcome for the user / wearer. The different embodiments of the sunglasses lenses taught herein take into account: the time of day; the amount of sunlight illuminating the sunglasses lens in lux; the amount of light intensity (lux) transmitted from the sunglasses lens within the specific wavelength range required to stimulate dopamine in the user / wearer's eyes; the overall visible light transmittance of the sunglasses lens; the percentage of light transmittance within a defined wavelength range covering most of the absorption curves of melanopsin, rhodopsin, and certain cone opsins; the width of the wavelength range in the 450 nm–520 nm range; the color balance of the wavelengths of light required to be transmitted from the sunglasses lens to the wearer's eyes; and the ability of the sunglasses lens to pass ISO and / or ANSI traffic light tests. As will be understood, the embodiments taught herein must balance a number of factors that together contribute to the ability of the sunglasses lens to induce or increase dopamine production in the retina of the wearer's eye, while also providing the wearer with an appropriate level of distance and / or near vision, and further providing an appropriate color balance of the wavelengths of light transmitted from the sunglasses lens to the wearer's eye, so that the sunglasses lens can pass ISO and / or ANSI traffic light tests, whether tested by subjective measurements on the wearer or by objective measurements on the sunglasses lens.

[0037] The embodiments described herein teach the stimulation of rods and / or ipRGCs with specific light wavelengths. The human retina contains 100+M rods, 1M ganglion cells, but fewer than 7,000 ipRGCs, i.e., ganglion cells containing melanopsin. Compared to rods and cones, ipRGCs are less sensitive to light stimulation, and their response dynamics are slow. The response delay is inversely proportional to the stimulus intensity, and under dim light conditions, ipRGCs may require several seconds to reach peak response; the response can also persist for several minutes after the stimulus is terminated. However, ipRGCs are similar to rods and cones in that they all exhibit adaptation by adjusting their sensitivity according to illumination conditions. Although slow to respond to dim light conditions, ipRGCs appear to be able to respond to the capture of a single photon. It is estimated that the membrane density of photopigment in the outer segment of rod and cone photoreceptor cells is about a thousand times that of melanopsin; this relatively low density may explain the poor absorption rate of ipRGCs. Capturing a single photon in an ipRGC generates a larger and more persistent membrane current, which is larger than that recorded in rod photoreceptor cells, but also lasts 20 times longer.

[0038] Melanopsis photopigment, expressed in intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), plays a crucial role in mammalian adaptation to their ambient light environment through non-imaging (NIF) visual responses. ipRGCs differ structurally and functionally from classic rod / cone photoreceptor cells and possess unique properties, including single-photon response, long response delay, time-dependent photon integration, and slow inactivation.

[0039] Melanoopsin's efficiency is comparable to that of rods and cones. However, ipRGCs lack specialized photopigment-gathering organelles (such as the outer segments of rods / cones) to maximize the probability of photon capture. Therefore, for a given region of light stimulation, the probability of light absorption in a rod or cone is more than a million times greater than that in an ipRGC. Consequently, even with the high amplification of the ipRGC phototransduction cascade, melanopsin's light reception is significantly less sensitive than that of rods and cones. However, once the threshold for melanopsin activation is reached, the intrinsic light response scales by several orders of magnitude with stimulus intensity and is remarkably persistent, maintaining itself even under prolonged constant illumination.

[0040] Many of the embodiments described herein teach the use of a wide wavelength range in the 450 nm–520 nm wavelength range for ocular photobiological stimulation. A wider range can provide the light wavelengths needed to activate different photoreceptor cells in the retina (e.g., most ipRGCs and rods), in addition to partially stimulating S-cones and M-cones, all of which are involved in different and important functions due to the visual and non-visual effects of the light illuminating them.

[0041] The wide range of light wavelengths that overlap with the absorption curves of melanopsin and rhodopsin allows for the delivery of light of more different spectral qualities to the eye, and these different (more) wavelengths enable the eye to perform different physiological functions, all of which contribute to better eye health, brain / cognitive health, or overall health.

[0042] It has been found that cyanosis (blue-green) wavelengths (approximately 495 nm-520 nm) contribute more to increasing choroidal thickness, which is an important parameter for treating / stopping myopia.

[0043] Blue light wavelengths (approximately 450 nm–495 nm or approximately 450 nm–500 nm) are beneficial to the eyes by reducing the axial length of the eye (another important factor in treating and halting the progression of myopia). Furthermore, blue light enhances alertness, improves cognitive function, and other beneficial neurological functions.

[0044] Blue light (approximately 465 nm–495 nm) has been found to be beneficial for non-visual pupillary reflection, i.e., keeping the pupil constricted or small, thereby maximizing clear vision when looking through tinted sunglasses lenses.

[0045] In addition, more blue light is needed to maintain the healthy circadian rhythm of lens wearers.

[0046] The embodiments disclosed herein relate to increasing dopamine in the retina of an individual's eye or in the brain of an individual whose eye has been stimulated. These embodiments attempt to use wavelength ranges that cover the peak sensitivity of melanopsin (480 nm) and rhodopsin (500 nm). Given that the rhodopsin of rods reacts 20 times faster than the melanopsin of ipRGCs, but the reaction time of melanopsin is much longer than that of rhodopsin, and considering that rods are 10+ times more numerous than ipRGCs, the various embodiments disclosed herein use light wavelengths within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. nm. Lower levels of 480 nm + / - 30 nm were used to capture the direct stimulation of melanopsin by ipRGCs and the indirect stimulation of melanopsin by rods.

[0047] In some embodiments, when dopamine is generated in the eye or brain via light from the eye, the present invention utilizes light wavelengths irradiating the retina of the eye within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, which will include blue light wavelengths, blue-green light wavelengths, and green light wavelengths. These wavelength ranges can be generated by light emitters, filtering optics, or filtering lenses.

[0048] Figure 77 The light transmission spectrum of the filter lens or filter optics, or sunglasses lens or sunglasses optics according to embodiments of the present invention is presented. This light transmission spectrum overlaps with the light absorption spectrum of two types of photoreceptor cells: ipRGCs (containing melanopsin) and rods (containing rhodopsin). Light passing through the lens of the present invention, particularly light in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm, transmitted to the wearer's eye will stimulate / activate melanopsin and / or rhodopsin in the ipRGCs and rods, respectively.

[0049] Brighter / higher intensity light is optimal for dopamine production in all respects. It has been found that a minimum light intensity of 400 lux is required to irradiate the retina of the eye within the wavelength range of 450 nm–510 nm to effectively generate dopamine in the retina and in the brain. When considering that eye tissue absorbs or attenuates blue light by 10% to 20%, and further considering that eyewear and sunglasses are located approximately 13 mm from the cornea, in many, but not all, embodiments taught herein, it is believed that embodiments of the invention will allow 450 lux or higher, or 500 lux or higher, of light transmitted from the lens or eyewear (within the wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm) to stimulate dopamine production in the eyes of the wearer / user of the lens / eyewear, which is designed to stimulate dopamine production in the eyes and / or brain. Higher intensity (brighter) light has been reported to influence retinal dopamine production and improve brain function related to cognitive function, alertness, mood, and reduce drowsiness. It has been reported that more retinal dopamine is produced under photopic conditions. ipRGCs and rods are thought to be responsible for retinal dopamine production. Notably, rod photoreceptor cells have recently been found to be active under sustained bright light conditions, contrasting with the conventional thinking that rods only respond under scotopic conditions.

[0050] The inventive embodiments taught herein teach a filter lens or filter optics, or a sunglasses lens or sunglasses optics, comprising a light transmission curve that approximates (by covering) most or most or all of the light absorption curve of melanopsin and in all respects approximates 75% or more of the light absorption curve of rhodopsin. In some embodiments, the light transmission curve of the filter lens or filter optics, or the sunglasses lens or sunglasses optics, may approximate (by covering) all the light absorption curves of both melanopsin and rhodopsin. As used herein, the term "coverage" refers to having a light transmission curve cover the light absorption curve, and to the extent that the light transmission curve covers the absorption spectrum within the light absorption curve or the absorption spectrum. And in some cases, it may be the other way around, with the light absorption curve covering the light transmission curve.

[0051] In embodiments of the filtered lenses or optics, or sunglasses lenses or optics, they may include 50% or greater light transmittance in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm, while maintaining an overall visible light transmittance of 40% or less, or 30% or less, through the filtered lenses or optics, or sunglasses lenses or optics. This balance of high transmittance in a wide wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm, or even 450 nm to 520 nm, while providing overall visible light transmittance compliant with Class 2 or 3 sunglasses lenses or optics, and simultaneously providing UV and HEV protection, is one of the key inventive properties of the embodiments described herein. This is necessary to provide a light intensity of 400 lux or greater at blue light wavelengths to stimulate dopamine production in the wearer's eyes and / or brain during most (if not all) periods of sunlight when wearing Class 2 and 3 sunglasses in sunlight.

[0052] As seen in some existing sunglasses, a narrow wavelength range of only 30 nanometers significantly reduces the amount of blue light transmitted to the wearer's eye to generate dopamine, because the color of sunlight changes from mostly blue in the morning to mostly red later in the afternoon. The embodiments of the invention described herein can have a wavelength range greater than 30 nanometers in the 450 nm-510 nm or 450 nm-520 nm range (and thus up to 60 to 70 nanometers), which can provide significantly more blue light lux to generate dopamine under sunlight throughout the day, while allowing the darkened sunglasses to have 30% or less of total visible light transmittance. Therefore, in the embodiments, the invention can qualify as a Class 2 or Class 3 sunglasses lens.

[0053] As the day progresses from dawn to noon and then to dusk, the dominant color of sunlight changes from mostly blue in the morning to mostly red in the afternoon. (See also...) Figures 70 to 73 In the morning, blue light makes up about 30% or more of the visible spectrum. At midday, it makes up about 20%. In the afternoon, it makes up about 10%, and at sunset, it makes up about 5% or less. Therefore, as the day progresses from morning to midday to afternoon to sunset, it becomes increasingly difficult for filtered lenses or optics, or sunglasses lenses or optics, to transmit blue light in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm to stimulate dopamine in the eyes and / or brain (see [link to article]). Figure 74This is because the blue component of sunlight decreases throughout the day. The narrower the wavelength range of a tinted lens or optics that transmits blue light—for example, 30 nanometers within the 465 nm–495 nm range (see, for example, US Publication No. US 2022 / 0397774 A1)—the lower the intensity (lux) of the desired blue light wavelengths that are transmitted and available for stimulating dopamine throughout the day, compared to any wavelength range greater than 30 nm (e.g., 60 or 70 nanometers) taught in the embodiments of the invention described herein. As discussed, this is due to the blue light level in sunlight decreasing from a high level in the morning to a low level at sunset.

[0054] Regular sunglasses transmit a small amount of blue light, therefore, most regular sunglasses actually suppress the production of dopamine in the eyes and possibly the brain in the afternoon, and in all cases, all known regular sunglasses significantly reduce the light intensity lux required for dopamine production in the user's / wearer's eyes and brain from morning to sunset, with the worst reduction occurring in the afternoon and at sunset. Some regular sunglasses actually suppress dopamine production in the eyes and / or brain from the moment the wearer puts them on. In most cases, for the vast majority of the time when wearing regular sunglasses, the sunglasses reduce the amount or production of dopamine in the eyes and / or brain.

[0055] The most popular sunglasses categories are Class 2 and Class 3. Some embodiments disclosed herein qualify as Class 2 or Class 3 sunglasses (see...). Figure 76 However, unlike conventional sunglasses (which cannot be performed in the manner described in the invention), certain embodiments of the filtered lenses or filtered optics of the invention taught herein, or certain embodiments of sunglasses lenses or sunglasses optics, can transmit 400 lux or higher in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm from morning to afternoon, or even from sunrise to sunset in some embodiments taught herein (see, for example...). Figure 74 ).

[0056] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a filter lens or filter optics, or a sunglasses lens or sunglasses optics, that transmits a meaningful / safe / effective amount of blue light within the range that stimulates and / or excites melanopsin and / or rhodopsin, while protecting the eyes from the effects of sunlight. This would allow the eyes to produce dopamine throughout the day, and potentially trigger the production of dopamine and serotonin in the brain, while simultaneously protecting the eyes from the effects of sunlight.

[0057] The filtering lenses or optics, or sunglasses lenses or sunglasses embodiments taught herein can transmit light in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm, thereby stimulating melanopsin and / or rhodopsin in the retina of the eye. In embodiments, the lenses or optics transmit blue light such that they cover the entire light absorption curve of melanopsin, or the vast majority of the light absorption curve of melanopsin, and 75% or more of the light absorption curve of rhodopsin. Compared to conventional sunglasses, these embodiments are beneficial in stimulating dopamine production in the eyes and / or brain of the user / wearer.

[0058] For example only, if the midday sunlight intensity is 20,000 lux, then the embodiments of the filter lens or filter optics or sunglasses lens or sunglasses optics taught herein may, for example only, have a light transmittance of 50.5% in the range of 450 nm to 510 nm, and transmit 20% of the visible spectrum due to midday sunlight. Therefore, if the filter lens or filter optics embodiment has a total visible light transmittance of 50.5% and transmits 20% of the light intensity from the sun due to midday, the transmitted light intensity will be 20,000 lux × 50.5% × 20%, totaling 2,020 lux. In some other embodiments of the invention, the light transmittance range may be within 450 nm to 520 nm, and in still other embodiments of the invention, the light transmittance range may be within 440 nm to 510 nm, or 440 nm to 520 nm. By increasing the wavelength range, the color of sunlight can be covered as it changes from sunrise to sunset throughout the day, thereby optimizing the transmission of blue wavelengths that can stimulate / excite melanopsin and rhodopsin.

[0059] Embodiments that allow filtering of transmitted blue light wavelengths between 450 nm and 510 nm, or 440 nm and 510 nm, or 440 nm and 520 nm, must be related to the amount of HEV (high-energy violet) light at one end of the range and the level of green light wavelengths at the other end of the range. In yet another embodiment, the filtering lens or filtering optics, or sunglasses lens or sunglasses optics, includes a transmission profile or spectrum that includes an absorption peak of melanopsin at approximately 480 nm and an absorption peak of rhodopsin at approximately 500 nm, while also protecting the wearer's eyes from UV wavelengths of 400 nm or lower and reducing HEV light wavelengths from 400 nm to 440 nm to a transmittance peak height of 40% or less, or 30% or less.

[0060] In another embodiment, for example only, the sunlight intensity at midday is 20,000 lux (at midday, blue light is 20% of sunlight), and for example only, the filter lens or filter optics or sunglasses lens or sunglasses embodiment has a light transmittance of 50.5%, but in a more limited wavelength range of 465 nm to 495 nm (which does not cover the full absorption spectrum of melanopsin and rhodopsin), rather than half (or less than half) of the absorption spectrum, where the transmitted light intensity at "midday" would be 20,000 lux × 50.5% × 20%, still yielding a total of 2,020 lux. However, as the day progresses into the "afternoon," and sunlight becomes less blue and more red, the embodiment with a limited light transmission spectrum of 465 nm to 495 nm will provide the lower blue light intensity required to generate or stimulate dopamine in the user's / wearer's eyes and / or brain, covering the vast majority of the absorption spectrum of melanopsin and 75% or more of the absorption spectrum of rhodopsin, compared to the embodiment with a light transmission wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm. To further emphasize this point, in the "late afternoon," as the blue light of sunlight decreases even further, this difference in the amount of light intensity (in lux) provided by the embodiment with light transmission in the 465 nm to 495 nm range compared to the embodiment with light transmission in the 450 nm to 510 nm range becomes even more pronounced, favoring the embodiment with light transmission in the 450 nm to 510 nm range in all respects. For example, it is estimated that about 30% of the blue light from the sun in the morning is located in the 450 nm-510 nm range, about 20% of the blue light from the sun at noon is located in the 450 nm-510 nm range, about 10% of the blue light from the sun in the afternoon is located in the 450 nm-510 nm range, and less than about 5% of the blue light from the sun in the 450 nm-510 nm range by sunset.

[0061] As used herein, in embodiments, when light wavelengths are generated by filtering optics or filtering lenses, the peak spectral curve of the wavelength range illuminating the retina of the eye is within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0062] In some embodiments disclosed herein, when using filtering optics or filters, the total light transmittance through the filtering optics or filters may be 50% or less, while the light transmittance to the eye within the main transmission filtering wavelength range may be 50% or greater. In some cases, the pupil of the eye dilates when viewing through the filtering optics or filters, and constricts when the filtering optics or filters are not present.

[0063] In some embodiments disclosed herein, when using filtering optics or filters, the total light transmittance through the filtering optics or filters may be 40% or less, while the light transmittance to the eye within the main transmission filtering wavelength range may be 40% or greater. In some cases, the pupil of the eye dilates when viewing through the filtering optics or filters, and constricts when the filtering optics or filters are not present.

[0064] In some embodiments disclosed herein, when using filtering optics or filters, the overall light transmittance through the filtering optics or filters may be 30% or less, while the light transmittance to the eye in the primary transmission wavelength range may be 40% or greater. In some cases, the pupil of the eye dilates when viewing through the filtering optics or filters, and constricts when the filtering optics or filters are not present.

[0065] As used herein, in embodiments, when light wavelengths are generated by a light emitter, if in a dark room without ambient lighting, the wavelength range illuminating the retina of the eye is within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0066] As used herein, in embodiments, when a light wavelength is generated by a light emitter, if ambient lighting (including artificial light or sunlight) is present, the combined light wavelength of the light emitter and the ambient light includes light wavelengths that illuminate the retina of the eye within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0067] It should be understood that, when interpreting the embodiments used herein, unless complete darkness is specified, it should be assumed that ambient light is present, and therefore the wavelength of light illuminating the retina is blended with the light from the light emitter and the ambient light. The same applies to filtering optics or lenses. In most, but not all, cases, filtering optics or lenses are located at a distance of 12+ mm from the wearer's eye, unless the filtering optics or lenses are contact lenses or intraocular lenses. An exception to this interpretation is the use of virtual reality devices or modified reality devices, whereby the device is sealed relative to ambient light.

[0068] In yet another embodiment, the wavelengths of light illuminating the retina of the eye are selected from the filtering optics, filtering lenses, light emitters, and / or the combination of light emitters and ambient light, such that the radiation peaks of these wavelengths lie between the peak melanopsin sensitivity (480 nm) and the rhodopsin sensitivity (500 nm). Therefore, the spectral peaks of these wavelengths are in the range of 480 nm to 500 nm. This occurs in these embodiments regardless of whether the wavelengths are generated by the filtering optics, filtering lenses, light emitters, and / or the combination of light emitters and ambient light.

[0069] In other embodiments, the light stimulation is aimed at or targeted at cones, rods, and ganglion cells. In some embodiments, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to increase dopamine in the eye. In some embodiments, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to increase dopamine in the retina. When increasing dopamine in the eye and / or retina, photobiological stimulation blue or blue-green light in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm can be used, or photobiological stimulation red light wavelengths of 650 nm + / - 30 nm or 700 nm + / - 30 nm can be used to increase dopamine in the eye and / or retina. In some embodiments, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to increase dopamine in the retina and brain. In other embodiments, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to relieve pain. In other embodiments, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to reduce the severity of headaches. When relieving pain by photobiological stimulation, green light in the wavelength range of 530 nm + / - 20 nm can be used. In other embodiments, using light wavelengths in the range of 650 nm + / - 30 nm or 700 nm + / - 30 nm can improve mitochondrial function and / or reduce age-related inflammation in the user's eye. In other embodiments, the aim is to improve mitochondrial function and / or reduce age-related inflammation in the user's retina.

[0070] In other embodiments, the purpose of photobiostimulation is to increase the number of healthy mitochondria present in the retinal region targeted by the photobiostimulation. When increasing healthy mitochondria through photobiostimulation, red light in the range of 650 nm to 700 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, 700 nm + / - 30 nm, or 830 nm + / - 30 nm can be utilized. According to the invention, such photobiostimulation increases retinal mitochondrial function and reduces oxidative stress, thereby increasing the number of healthy mitochondria in the treated retinal region. This may be important for treating diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, and / or retinitis pigmentosa, to name just one example.

[0071] In yet another embodiment, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to enhance alertness in an individual receiving photobiological stimulation therapy. When enhancing alertness through photobiological stimulation, blue light in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm can be used. In yet another embodiment, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to increase the slowing of myopia, slow the progression of myopia, or stop myopia in an individual receiving photobiological stimulation therapy. When slowing or stopping myopia through photobiological stimulation, blue light in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm or red light in the wavelength range of 650 nm + / - 30 nm or 700 nm + / - 30 nm can be used. For the purpose of generating increased retinal dopamine, such photobiological stimulation wavelengths can be applied to most of the retina of the eye to stimulate ipRGC ganglion cells and / or rods, or to the ganglion axons of the optic nerve head.

[0072] In yet another embodiment, the purpose of photodynamic biostimulation is to treat or correct neurological abnormalities in an individual receiving photodynamic biostimulation therapy. When correcting neurological abnormalities via photodynamic biostimulation, blue light in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm can be used. By way of example only, neurological abnormalities that can be treated by photodynamic biostimulation include: Alzheimer's disease, cognitive impairment, ADD, ADHD, depression, anxiety, and / or Parkinson's disease.

[0073] In yet another embodiment, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to prevent myopia in an individual receiving photobiological stimulation therapy. In yet another embodiment, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to treat or correct an ocular abnormality in an individual receiving photobiological stimulation therapy. When correcting an ocular abnormality, an appropriate wavelength of light must be used during photobiological stimulation therapy. By way of example only, ocular abnormalities that can be treated with photobiological stimulation include: myopia, AMD, dry AMD, diabetic retinopathy, retinal degeneration, glaucoma, optic neuropathy, cataracts, and / or dry eye caused by meibomian gland dysfunction.

[0074] For all embodiments provided herein for providing photobiological stimulation of the eye, the light wavelength is primarily within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. In addition to the wavelength ranges stated in the description of the embodiments, other wavelength ranges may also be utilized. The desired wavelength bands will depend on the type of photobiological stimulation intended to produce the desired physiological response. Therefore, for any embodiment disclosed within the scope of this invention, any wavelength range above may be applied beyond and beyond the range that can be stated.

[0075] In an embodiment, the second eyepiece is worn by the wearer, wherein the second eyepiece is optically connected to the first eyepiece worn by the wearer when worn, wherein the second eyepiece includes a filter lens or filter optics, wherein the filter lens or filter optics of the second eyepiece primarily transmits light wavelengths within at least one of the following ranges to the wearer's eye: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, wherein the first eye wear includes a first eye wear lens for optically correcting the wearer's vision, and wherein the filter lens or filter optics of the second eye wear is different from the first eye wear lens.

[0076] The embodiments include the overall transmittance of a first-eye-wearing filter lens and a second-eye-wearing filter lens or filter optics, which causes the wearer's pupil to constrict or remain smaller compared to the size of a conventionally worn sunglasses where the pupil size would dilate. However, in some embodiments, providing more photobiological stimulation of the eye is more important than maximizing visual clarity. In these embodiments, it is necessary to trick the wearer's retinal neural feedback into causing pupil constriction while still providing blue light in the range of 450 nm–530 nm, preferably 480 nm + / - 20 nm, to illuminate the wearer's / user's retina. This can occur, for example, using an XR eye-wearing method that involves modulating an image seen by the wearer of the XR eye-wearing; for example only, the image is modulated between black and blue, causing the pupil of the eye to dilate, then constrict and then dilate again, then constrict again. To give just one example, once the pupil dilates and exposes the retina to blue light, causing the pupil to constrict, then once the pupil constricts, it exposes the retina to black light (or a black image), causing the pupil to dilate, and so on. The transmittance of the light wavelength is within at least one of the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, thereby providing photobimodulation to the retina of the wearer's eye.

[0077] However, in most cases, when the retina of the eye is exposed to blue light in the range of 450 nm to 530 nm, preferably 480 nm + / - 20 nm, the pupil constricts or remains constricted. This pupillary constriction when viewing through filtered optics or lenses allows the user / wearer of the filtered lens / optics to have improved or maximum visual acuity. However, in some embodiments, providing photobiostimulation of the eye is more important than providing maximum visual acuity. In these embodiments, it is necessary to trick the wearer into providing retinal neural feedback that causes pupillary constriction while still providing blue light in the range of 450 nm to 530 nm, preferably 480 nm + / - 20 nm, to illuminate the wearer's / user's retina.

[0078] The different embodiments taught herein take into account: the time of day; the amount of sunlight illuminating the sunglasses lens in lux; the intensity (lux) of light transmitted from the sunglasses lens within the specific wavelength range required to stimulate dopamine in the user / wearer's eye; the overall visible light transmittance of the sunglasses lens; the percentage of light transmittance within a defined wavelength range covering most of the absorption curves of melanopsin, rhodopsin, and certain cone opsins; the width of the wavelength range in the 450 nm–520 nm range; the color balance of the wavelengths of light required to be transmitted from the sunglasses lens to the wearer's eye; and the ability of the sunglasses lens to pass ISO and / or ANSI traffic light tests. The embodiments taught herein must balance numerous factors that collectively contribute to the ability of the sunglasses lens to induce or increase dopamine production in the retina of the wearer's eye, while also providing the wearer with an appropriate level of distance and / or near vision clarity, and further providing an appropriate color balance of the wavelengths of light transmitted from the sunglasses lens to the wearer's eye, so that the sunglasses lens can pass ISO and / or ANSI traffic light tests, whether tested by subjective measurements on the wearer or by objective measurements on the sunglasses lens.

[0079] In this embodiment, biofeedback can be used to confirm increased dopamine and / or serotonin production in the brain of a patient receiving ocular biostimulation therapy. This biofeedback can be a comparison of one or more of the following: an increased blink rate, an increased pupil diameter, and / or an increased heart rate in the patient being treated, compared to a baseline of the same activity prior to ocular biostimulation therapy.

[0080] In embodiments, one or more of a timer, an alarm (such as, by way of example only, sound, vibration, light, or image), and / or wireless or wired communication for notifying a remote third party may be combined with or associated with an eye-wearing device that provides photodynamic therapy. Attached Figure Description

[0081] The accompanying drawings illustrate certain aspects of some embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit or restrict the invention. The drawings, together with the written description, serve to explain certain principles of the invention.

[0082] Figure 1 Background information is provided to explain the purpose of this invention.

[0083] Figure 2 Background information is provided to explain the purpose of this invention.

[0084] Figure 3 Background information is provided to explain the purpose of this invention.

[0085] Figure 4 Background information is provided to explain the purpose of this invention.

[0086] Figure 5 Background information is provided to explain the purpose of this invention.

[0087] Figure 6 Background information is provided to explain the purpose of this invention.

[0088] Figure 7 Background information is provided to explain the purpose of this invention.

[0089] Figure 8 Background information is provided to explain the purpose of this invention.

[0090] Figure 9 Background information is provided to explain the purpose of this invention.

[0091] Figure 10 Background information is provided to explain the purpose of this invention.

[0092] Figure 11 Background information is provided to explain the purpose of this invention.

[0093] Figure 12 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0094] Figure 13 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0095] Figure 14 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0096] Figure 15 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0097] Figure 16 An embodiment of the invention as described herein is shown, wherein the invention is shown on the top of a steering wheel.

[0098] Figure 17 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0099] Figure 18 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0100] Figure 19A -F illustrates an embodiment of the invention as described herein.

[0101] Figure 20A-C illustrates an embodiment of the invention as described herein.

[0102] Figure 21A -D illustrates an embodiment of the invention as described herein.

[0103] Figure 22 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0104] Figure 23A -B illustrates an embodiment of the invention as described herein.

[0105] Figure 24 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0106] Figure 25A -C illustrates an embodiment of the invention as described herein.

[0107] Figure 26 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0108] Figure 27 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0109] Figure 28 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0110] Figure 29 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0111] Figure 30 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0112] Figure 31 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0113] Figure 32 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0114] Figure 33 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0115] Figure 34 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0116] Figure 35 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0117] Figure 36 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0118] Figure 37 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0119] Figure 38 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0120] Figure 39 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0121] Figure 40 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0122] Figure 41 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0123] Figure 42 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0124] Figure 43 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0125] Figure 44 The categories of sunglasses are shown.

[0126] Figure 45 Information relating to the invention described herein is shown.

[0127] Figure 46 Information relating to the invention described herein is shown.

[0128] Figure 47 Information relating to the invention described herein is shown.

[0129] Figure 48 Information relating to the invention described herein is shown.

[0130] Figure 49 Information relating to the invention described herein is shown.

[0131] Figure 50 Information relating to the invention described herein is shown.

[0132] Figure 51 Information relating to the invention described herein is shown.

[0133] Figure 52 Information relating to the invention described herein is shown.

[0134] Figure 53A -D illustrates an embodiment of the invention as described herein.

[0135] Figure 54A -B illustrates an embodiment of the invention as described herein.

[0136] Figure 55A -I illustrates an embodiment of the invention as described herein.

[0137] Figure 56 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0138] Figure 57 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0139] Figure 58 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0140] Figure 59A -B illustrates an embodiment of the invention as described herein.

[0141] Figure 60A -B illustrates an embodiment of the invention as described herein.

[0142] Figure 61 Embodiments of the invention as described herein are shown.

[0143] Figure 62A -C illustrates an embodiment of the invention as described herein.

[0144] Figure 63 This is a graph illustrating the functionality of the invention as described herein.

[0145] Figure 64 This is a graph illustrating the functionality of the invention as described herein.

[0146] Figure 65 This is a graph illustrating the functionality of the invention as described herein.

[0147] Figure 66 This is a graph illustrating the functionality of the invention as described herein.

[0148] Figure 67 The diagram illustrates the improvements provided by this invention over conventional eyewear.

[0149] Figure 68 The diagram illustrates the improvements provided by this invention over conventional eyewear.

[0150] Figure 69 The spectrum of sunlight at a certain time of day is shown.

[0151] Figure 70 The spectrum of sunlight at a certain time of day is shown.

[0152] Figure 71 The spectrum of sunlight at a certain time of day is shown.

[0153] Figure 72 The spectrum of sunlight at a certain time of day is shown.

[0154] Figure 73 The spectrum of sunlight at a certain time of day is shown.

[0155] Figure 74 The diagram illustrates the improvements provided by this invention over conventional eyewear.

[0156] Figure 75 The diagram illustrates the improvements provided by this invention over conventional eyewear.

[0157] Figure 76 The categories of sunglasses are shown.

[0158] Figure 77 The graph illustrates the improvements provided by this invention over conventional eyewear. Detailed Implementation

[0159] definition: As used in this article, ambient light can be indoor artificial light or sunlight. Ambient light as used in this article can also be ambient light attached to a light emitter.

[0160] As used in this article, ECP stands for Eye Care Professional.

[0161] As used in this article, Ocular biostimulation It is a broad term. Photodynamic biostimulation is a non-invasive biological technique that uses light to stimulate neurons or other cells inside, on, or around the eye, with the aim of generating a physiological response within the body. This stimulation can directly or indirectly correspond to stimulating or inhibiting biological, neural, or chemical processes within the body.

[0162] As used in this article, Optogenetic therapy It is broadly defined as a form of photobiological stimulation.

[0163] As used in this article, Photobiological regulation It is broadly defined as a form of photobiological stimulation.

[0164] As used in this article, Spreading the retina Defined as light that provides photobiological stimulation to the retina, projecting its wavelength onto the retina of the eye, such that as the light moves relative to the retina or the retina moves relative to the light, the light coats, covers, or affects different parts of the retina or different neurons with its wavelength.

[0165] As used herein, the visible light spectrum is as follows: The visible light spectrum (electromagnetic radiation spectrum) can be divided by color: blue / violet (400 nm-450 nm), blue (450 nm-495 nm), blue-green (495 nm-520 nm), green (521 nm-556 nm), yellow (556 nm-590 nm), orange (590 nm-625 nm), and / or red (625 nm-700 nm). However, in a general sense, as used herein, blue light can be 400 nm-520 nm.

[0166] As used in this article, blue light wavelength It is considered to be 400 nm-500 nm, with blue-green light between 490 nm and 520 nm, and bright blue light between 450 nm and 495 nm.

[0167] As used in this article, Blue light wavelength It is considered to be blue-green light and is between 495 nm and 520 nm.

[0168] As used in this article, HEV stands for high-energy violet light. HEV light in the 400 nm–440 nm range may be harmful to the retina of the eye, and more specifically, 410 nm–430 nm appears to be the most harmful.

[0169] As used in this article, UV light (representing ultraviolet light) has a wavelength of less than 400 nm, or in other words, 399 nm or less.

[0170] As used in this article, BVA This represents the level of visual acuity when considering the patient's distance vision needs with optimal visual correction. For example, 20 / 25, 20 / 20, or 20 / 15.

[0171] As used in this article, For example, wavelengths in the range of 480 nm + / - 30 nm. It refers to any single or multiple wavelengths found within the range of 480nm + / - 30nm.

[0172] As used in this article, For example, wavelengths in the range of 530 nm + / - 20 nm It refers to any single or multiple wavelengths found within the range of 530nm + / - 30nm.

[0173] As used in this article, For example, wavelengths in the range of 650 nm + / - 30 nm. The above refers to any single or multiple wavelengths found within the range of 650nm + / - 30nm.

[0174] As used in this article, One or more bands It refers to one or more wavelengths of light within a certain range.

[0175] As used in this article, Main transmission One or more wavelengths of light within at least one of the following ranges are transmitted to the wearer's eye: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, meaning that at least one of the aforementioned wavelength ranges includes the dominant (or most) wavelengths of light transmitted to the wearer's eye within the wavelength range.

[0176] As used in this article, when referring to When the wavelength is within the X range This is intended to convey that any two or more wavelengths within a given wavelength range are relevant when discussing illumination or transmission in optics, filters, lenses, and / or systems. Main or only The emitted or transmitted wavelength (within a given range of light wavelengths). In some cases, the word "mainly" may be omitted, but in all cases, the word "mainly" should be understood to express its meaning.

[0177] As used in this article, band It is a continuously extending optical band with a start wavelength and an end wavelength.

[0178] As used in this article, peak transmittance It refers to one or more peak light wavelengths within the optical band that have the highest light transmittance. The transmittance peak can be the peak or plateau of the curve.

[0179] As used in this article ,image It can be generated by light or by no light when surrounded by a luminous image (in the case of a black image). A black image can also be generated by the following colors: blue, magenta, and yellow.

[0180] As used in this article, Light emitter It can be any component that converts electrical signals into optical signals. The light emitter can be, for example, an LED, OLED, TOLED, micro-OLED, micro-LED, micro-iled, iLED, quantum dot, fluorescent lamp, incandescent lamp, and / or the sun.

[0181] As used in this article, light sourceIt can be any artificial light source that includes one or more light emitters, or the light source can be the sun.

[0182] As used in this article, Electronic display screen It can be any electronic display screen. For example, a mobile phone screen, tablet screen, laptop screen, desktop computer screen, or television screen.

[0183] As used in this article, Optical filters It is any device or material that selectively or non-selectively alters the spectral distribution of a light beam.

[0184] As used in this article, Optical devices It is a material that transmits light. An optical device can be part of an optical system. However, a lens can also be an optical device. As used herein, an optical device can be any kind of optical device. Furthermore, a lens can be an optical device, or an optical device can be a lens.

[0185] As used in this article, Lenses are To focus or defocus light Optical devices A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a beam of light by means of refraction. As used herein, a lens can be of any kind. Furthermore, a lens can have any optical power, including plano, unless otherwise specified in this disclosure.

[0186] As used in this article, Optical power Optical power can be any power in a lens or optics, including plano power. In the optical industry, it is common to refer to a lens without optical power as plano power. Lenses with optical power (other than plano power) can refract and focus light to a focal point.

[0187] As used in this article, Flat focal length A plano lens is a lens or optical device that does not include optical power. When an ophthalmologist prescribes a lens that does not include optical power, the ophthalmologist issues a plano prescription. Although lenses can have plano power (meaning no optical power), in most cases (for example only) lenses can include lens construction, diameter, curvature, thickness, and UV protection for the wearer's eyes.

[0188] As used in this article, when comparing the spherical and cylindrical powers of two different lens regions, or by comparing the equivalent spherical powers of two different lens regions, it can be expressed that... Greater negative power or smaller positive power Optical power The same applies when comparing the optical power of two different lenses or optics.

[0189] As used herein, eyeglass lenses may include or be transparent optical components designed to enhance visual acuity and provide corrective vision for individuals with refractive errors such as myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, or presbyopia. They can be made from a variety of materials, including glass and plastic, and may incorporate special features such as coatings for anti-reflective properties, ultraviolet (“UV”) protection, or light filtering. Eyeglass lenses can be customized to fit a wide range of frame styles and may also include specialized lenses for conditions such as photophobia or amblyopia, catering to diverse visual needs and preferences.

[0190] As used in this article, Abbe value V-number, also known as convergence or dispersion, is a numerical value that measures the dispersion of light to various wavelengths when it passes through a transparent material.

[0191] As used in this article, Eyewear This refers to any device used on, in, or around the eye that transmits or directs light into the eye of the wearer of such an eyewear. By way of example only, it includes one of the following: eyeglasses, sunglasses, disposable eyewear, goggles, fashion dress glasses, safety glasses, sports glasses, clip-on glasses, over-eye glasses, magnetically attachable glasses, military glasses, smart glasses, XR glasses, AR glasses, VR glasses, MR glasses, corrected reality glasses, contact lenses, intraocular lenses, corneal implants, and one or more lenses that are housed, supported, attached to an eyewear or worn in a frame around one or both eyes of the wearer.

[0192] As used in this article, Optical finishing Any finishing, coating, or coloring can be applied to the lens. For example, such a coating can be a hard, scratch-resistant coating, an anti-reflective coating, a spin-coated coating, a dip-coated coating, a vacuum-deposited coating, or a surface casting.

[0193] As used in this article, Semi-finished lens blanks It is a lens blank with its surface polished.

[0194] As used in this article, Finished lens blank It is a lens blank whose two surfaces are polished and whose optical power can be further measured.

[0195] As used in this article, Filtering optical devices It is an optical device or lens that includes one or more filters or is optically aligned with one or more filters. For example, such a filter can be only an interference filter, a bandpass filter, an absorption filter, a notch filter, a selective wavelength filter, and / or a neutral density filter.

[0196] As used in this article, Filter lens It refers to a lens or optical device that includes one or more filters or is optically aligned with one or more filters. For example, such a filter can be only an interference filter, a bandpass filter, an absorption filter, a notch filter, a selective wavelength filter, and / or a neutral density filter.

[0197] As used in this article, Optical alignment This refers to aligning two optical devices (e.g., two optical devices, two lenses, and / or one optical device and one lens) so that light can pass through each of the two optical devices.

[0198] As used in this article, Color difference It is an aberration caused by the difference in refraction of colored light in the spectrum.

[0199] As used in this article, Longitudinal color difference (LCA) means that the lens cannot correctly focus different color wavelengths onto the same focal plane.

[0200] As used in this article, Central retina The macula is a circular area on the retina with a diameter of approximately 5 to 6 mm, with the fovea at its center. The fovea is a small area at the center of the retina. The diameter of the retina is between 30 and 40 mm.

[0201] As used in this article, peripheral retina It is any area outside the center of the retina.

[0202] As used in this article, Intermediate peripheral retina It is located between the distal peripheral retina and the central retina.

[0203] As used in this article, Distant peripheral retina It is located between the ora serrata and the mid-periphery of the retina.

[0204] As used in this article, biomarkers (short for biomarker) is an objective measure that captures what is happening in a cell or organism at a given moment.

[0205] As used in this article, Physiological reactionThis can be a bodily response resulting from direct or indirect neural simulation. Physiological responses can be immediate or delayed. For example, myopia reduction can be induced by stimulating retinal rods and / or ganglion cells with ocular photobiological light with blue light wavelengths including those in the range of 480 nm + / - 30 nm. In various respects, an immediate response can be an increase in dopamine in the eye produced by amacrine cells, while a delayed response can be, for example, myopia reduction. For the purposes of this disclosure, both an increase in dopamine and a reduction in myopia will be considered physiological responses. Another example is the stimulation of dopamine and / or serotonin in the brain.

[0206] As used in this article, Intrinsic photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC) (also known as photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (pRGC)) are ganglion cells containing melanopsin and are a type of neuron in the human retina.

[0207] As used in this article, Retinal ganglion cells containing melanopsin (mRGC) are specialized ganglion cells containing melanopsin and are a type of neuron in the human retina.

[0208] As used in this article, Dark-vision light It is a type of light used to describe vision in dim or dark conditions, also known as scotopic vision or night vision. Scotopic light can be below 0.4 lux.

[0209] As used in this article, Mesophotography or mesovision Intermediate light, sometimes called twilight vision, is a combination of photopic and scotopic vision under low light (but not necessarily darkness) conditions. An example of intermediate light is a low-light horizontal light of 0.4 lux to 10 lux (about 0.6 cd / m2) provided by public lighting.

[0210] As used in this article, Vision Daylight vision, also known as daytime vision, is the visual perception that occurs when the eye adapts to light and the brightness is sufficient. A candle at a distance of 1 meter emits 1 lux of light. Typical indoor lighting is about 300 to 500 lux, while outdoor light ranges from 1,500 lux on a cloudy day to 100,000 lux on a sunny day.

[0211] As used in this article, Light intensity or luminous intensity Measured in lumens per square foot (foot-candle) or lumens per square meter (lux). A lumen measures the intensity of light emitted by a lighting fixture, while a lux is a measure of the light that is realized and perceived. In some cases, the lux is a more important measurement because it correlates brightness with distance from the light source.

[0212] As used in this article, Light transmittance It is the percentage of all visible light transmitted through a lens or optics.

[0213] As used herein, total visible light transmittance includes all visible light transmittance that passes through a lens or optics.

[0214] As used herein, transmittance (within a given wavelength range) is the percentage of total visible light transmitted through a lens or optics, measured within a given wavelength range. For example, if the total transmittance of visible light through a lens or optics is 2,000 lux, and only 1,000 lux of light is transmitted and measured within 480 nm + / - 30 nm, then the percentage of transmittance through the 480 nm + / - 30 nm wavelength range would be 50%.

[0215] As used in this article, in In the light transmittance curve spectrum, the light transmittance curve spectrum It is a light curve plotted / drawn based on the percentage of light transmittance for various light wavelengths.

[0216] As used in this article, in In the light absorption curve spectrum, the light absorption curve spectrum It is a light curve plotted / drawn based on the percentage of light absorption rate for various light wavelengths.

[0217] As used in this article, Within the wavelength range or within the wavelength range It refers to one or more wavelengths within a given range.

[0218] As used in this article, Dopamine deficiency disorder Any disorder caused by a lack of adequate dopamine. Low dopamine levels can affect physical and mental health.

[0219] As used in this article, Serotonin deficiency disorder Any disorder caused by a lack of adequate serotonin. Low serotonin levels can affect a person's mental, behavioral, and emotional health.

[0220] As used in this article, Extended Reality (XR) Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), Mixed Reality (MR), Modified Reality (MoR), and combinations thereof are broad terms. This technology aims to combine or mirror the physical world with a “digital world” that users can interact with, thereby providing an immersive experience by placing them in a virtual or augmented environment.

[0221] Virtual Reality VR (Virtual Reality) is a computer-generated environment where scenes and objects appear realistic, making the user feel immersed in their surroundings. This environment is perceived through devices called virtual reality headsets or helmets.

[0222] Mixed RealityMR combines augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR). AR overlays digital content onto the real world, VR immerses users in a completely virtual environment, and MR merges the two to create an interactive environment where physical and digital objects coexist and interact.

[0223] Augmented Reality AR (Augmented Reality) is an interactive experience that visually combines the real world with computer-generated 3D content.

[0224] The difference between VR and AR It all comes down to the equipment and experience they require: AR uses real-world settings, while VR is entirely virtual.

[0225] As used in this article, Correcting reality It is a modified version of extended reality that causes any deviation from augmented reality, mixed reality, or virtual reality, where a portion of one, two, or more luminous images is seen by one or both of the user's eyes, and these images merge, intertwine, or overlap. This modified reality can be a modified form of augmented reality, virtual reality, or mixed reality.

[0226] As used in this article, Near-eye monitors A near-eye display is an electronic display located within 30 mm or less (in most cases 20 mm or less) of the cornea of ​​the user's eye. A near-eye display may include or be aligned with and optically connected to a microlens array. Using a microlens array allows the user to see a clear virtual image from the near-eye display. However, in some cases, near-eye displays are used to provide defocused light, and in these cases, a microlens array is not utilized.

[0227] As used in this article, Transparent near-eye monitor A near-eye display is an electronic display that allows the user's eye to see a real image through it. In most cases, the use of a microlens array allows the user to see a clear virtual image from the near-eye display. However, microlens arrays can be fabricated to defocus or diffuse light.

[0228] As used in this article, Non-transparent near-eye display A near-eye display is an electronic display through which the user's eye cannot see a real image. In most cases, the use of a microlens array allows the user to see a clear virtual image from the near-eye display. However, microlens arrays can be fabricated to defocus or diffuse light.

[0229] As used herein, eye-wearing devices include the devices and apparatuses described herein that filter, process, alter, enhance, diffuse, focus, defocus, transmit, generate, or otherwise produce or influence light so that it can be used for photobiological stimulation purposes of the eye.

[0230] As used in this article, microlens arrayA microlens array is a structure composed of many small lenses or microlenses arranged in a patterned manner. A microlens array can include hundreds, thousands, or millions of microlenses. As used herein, a microlens array can be used to provide one or more of focused, defocused, diffused, and / or filtered light.

[0231] As used in this article, Chromatic focusing lenses or optical devices It can be Peripheral refocusing chromatic aberration focusing lenses or light Learning about devices. Chromatic focusing lenses are lenses or optical devices in which a portion or all of the periphery of the central area of ​​the lens focuses one or more chromatic aberration bands (blue, green, red light) further away from the lens or optical device. In other words, while the central area maintains normal focus on its chromatic aberration bands, the chromatic aberration bands around the central area are focused further away from the lens or optical device than the chromatic aberration bands in the central area.

[0232] As used in this article, Defocus light It can be one or more of the following: light focused in front of or behind the retina, scattered light and / or diffused or dispersed light.

[0233] As used in this article, when discussing Enlarged pupil diameter When, it means to enlarge the pupil diameter relative to the pupil diameter that allows all light (unfiltered or blocked) to hit the retina of the wearer / user's eye.

[0234] As used in this article, Transportation It can be any mode of transportation. For example, it can be an airplane, car, truck, bus, handcart, boat, train, subway, or tram.

[0235] As used in this article, Frame of electronic display It can be another edge or frame surrounding the outer edge of the display.

[0236] As used in this article, Programmable This means that software, memory, or electrical components can be programmed during device manufacturing, can be programmed after manufacturing, can be remotely programmed after manufacturing, and / or can be programmed by the consumer after purchase.

[0237] All embodiments disclosed herein may utilize one or more of the following, where appropriate: bandpass filters, notch filters, selective filters, absorption filters, interference filters, neutral density filters, coatings, and / or dyes, to achieve the desired wavelength transmission result. When more than one filter is used, they may be referred to herein as hybrid filters. In some embodiments, a film or optics including a suitable filter may be applied above or in front of an electronic display or optics to allow transmission of light of the desired wavelength. The film or optics including the filter may be attached to and removed from the display screen, or may be built into the screen (or optics).

[0238] Myopia, prevention and control: According to the present invention, juvenile myopia (myopia) is believed to occur due to accommodative near point stress, which generates a force that causes an increase in the axial length of the eye. Axial elongation occurs when the eye's structures cannot provide a deflection force equal to or greater than the force causing axial elongation. Conversely, the weakness of the eye structures is due to a lack of dopamine present in the retina.

[0239] refer to Figure 12 Sufficient retinal dopamine is needed to increase choroidal thickness and maintain a healthy sclera, both of which generate forces that counteract the elongation of the eye's axial length. Therefore, the following examples provide methods for preventing, slowing, or stopping the progression of myopia.

[0240] An embodiment of the present invention is to identify children prone to myopia and treat them before their myopia develops. Diagnostic tests can be performed to determine the dopamine levels in one or both eyes of a child. For example, in the early stages (e.g., 6 years of age and older), only an ERG (electroretinography) test can be performed. When this test is performed, it can be identified whether the child has a dopamine deficiency disorder. Afterward, refractive examinations can be performed using a retinal speculum, an automated refractometer, or a comprehensive refractive examination device, whether subjective or objective. Thus, these results can be used to identify children with hyperopia of 0.75D or lower. Such children include those with emmetropia. The results of both tests (electroretinography and refractive examination) can then identify which children are prone to myopia. After identifying children prone to myopia, treatment to induce ocular dopamine production can be initiated. This treatment is identified in the disclosure of this invention. By improving the dopamine levels in the retina of a child's eye, the development of axial elongation (or myopia) can be counteracted.

[0241] In other words, an example of preventing myopia is: 1) Identify children aged 6 years or older (or even younger) with low dopamine levels in their retina; 2) Test these children to identify their BVA (best distance visual acuity) refractive status; and 3) If a child’s refractive state is +0.75D or lower hyperopia and their ocular dopamine test indicates low dopamine, then therapy to increase retinal dopamine should be started.

[0242] For children who already have myopia, it is important to stop or slow the progression of myopia as they grow older. Therefore, it is important to increase the dopamine levels in the retina of these children. This article discloses examples for increasing dopamine in the retina of the eye.

[0243] Embodiments of the present invention may be devices capable of determining the dopamine level in the retina of a patient's eye while simultaneously determining the refractive state of the eye. By way of example only, such a device can measure whether a patient's eye contains dopamine at a level that meets or exceeds "X," where X represents a dopamine deficiency level, and can also measure whether the same eye contains a refractive state of hyperopia less than "Y," or emmetropia or myopia. Another example would be that such a device can measure whether a patient's eye contains dopamine at a level that meets or exceeds "X," where X represents a dopamine deficiency level, and can also measure whether the same eye contains optimal distance refractive correction for measuring hyperopia of +0.75D or less.

[0244] An example could be a device for identifying children or young adults who are prone to developing myopia, wherein the child or young adult is 25 years of age or younger, wherein the device determines whether the child or young adult's eye contains dopamine at a level that meets or exceeds "X", where X represents a dopamine deficiency level, and wherein the device can also determine whether the distance refractive correction (optimal distance corrective power) of the same eye is +0.75D or lower.

[0245] An example could be a device for identifying children or young adults who are prone to developing myopia, wherein the child or young adult is 25 years of age or younger, wherein the device determines whether the child or young adult's eye contains dopamine at a level that meets or exceeds "X", where X represents a dopamine deficiency level, and wherein the device can also measure whether the refractive correction (optimal distance correction power) of the same eye is +0.75D or less, which is the equivalent spherical power of hyperopia.

[0246] This device can simultaneously or sequentially determine both dopamine levels and refractive status in the retina or eye. It can be a handheld, desktop instrument, an attachmentable slit-lamp biological microscope, or an attachmentable frame for a comprehensive refractive examination system. For example, it could be a combination of an ERG instrument and an automated refractometer.

[0247] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a device for identifying children or young adults who are prone to developing myopia, wherein the child or young adult is 25 years of age or younger, wherein the device determines whether the child or young adult's eye contains dopamine at a level exceeding "X", where X represents a dopamine deficiency level, and wherein the device can also determine whether the distance refractive correction (the distance refractive correction at the optimal distance refractive power) of the same eye is +0.75D or less.

[0248] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a device for treating myopia progression, wherein the device can determine the dopamine level in the eye, and wherein the device can also determine whether the eye's refractive power needs to be increased by a negative power. Such a device may be an electroretinography (ERG) device. Such a device may be handheld or tabletop mounted. For testing in children, a handheld ERG device is recommended, which uses electrodes attached to the patient's skin instead of corneal electrodes. The dopamine level in the retina of the eye can be determined by measuring the B-wave amplitude. A decrease in the B-wave amplitude can indicate dopamine deficiency.

[0249] The embodiments may be embodiments of devices for the prevention or treatment of myopia, wherein the device can determine the dopamine level in the retina of the eye, and wherein the device can also determine whether the eye’s optimal distance vision is +0.75D or lower positive power, or whether the eye needs to increase negative power to maintain its optimal corrected distance vision.

[0250] The embodiments may be embodiments of devices for the prevention or treatment of myopia, wherein the device can determine the dopamine level in the retina of a patient's eye, and wherein the device can also determine the optical power required to achieve optimal distance vision correction or optimal distance vision acuity for the same eye of the patient.

[0251] The embodiments may be embodiments of devices for the prevention and / or treatment of myopia, wherein the device can determine the dopamine level in the retina of a patient's eye, wherein the device can also determine the optical power required to achieve optimal distance vision correction or optimal distance vision acuity for the same eye of the patient, and wherein the device can apply photobiostimulation.

[0252] As disclosed herein, the device used to determine the dopamine level in a patient's retina can measure one or more of the following: the B-wave amplitude of an electroretinogram, and the thickness of the choroid and / or sclera. This thickness can be measured using a Cirrus HD-OCT 5000 (by way of example only).

[0253] Embodiments for slowing or preventing myopia may include modulation of an image or light source. Such modulation may be in the range of 5 Hz-15 Hz, 10 Hz-20 Hz, or 40 Hz + / - 20 Hz.

[0254] Embodiments may include a light source or light emitter having a light intensity of at least one of the following: 300 lux or greater, 500 lux or greater, 1,000 lux or greater, or 5,000 lux or greater. Embodiments may include light illuminating the eyes of a user or wearer having at least one of the following: 300 lux or greater, 500 lux or greater, 1,000 lux or greater, or 5,000 lux or greater.

[0255] Examples may include photobiostimulation durations of 1 to 5 minutes, 5 to 30 minutes, or one hour or less. For some embodiments of the eyewear disclosed herein, this photobiostimulation duration may be the normal daily wearing time of the eyewear.

[0256] Another embodiment of the invention can be a diagnostic test to determine the choroidal and / or scleral thickness of one or both eyes of a child. For example, an OCT test may be performed only at an early age (e.g., 6 years and older). When such a test is performed, the child can be identified as having a dopamine deficiency disorder by measuring the choroidal and / or scleral thickness. Afterward, refractive examinations, whether subjective or objective, can be performed using a retinal speculum, an automated refractometer, or a comprehensive refractive instrument. Thus, these results can be used to identify children with hyperopia of 0.75D or lower. Such children include those with emmetropia. The results of both tests (electroretinography and refractive error) can then identify which children are predisposed to myopia. After identifying children predisposed to myopia, treatment can be initiated to generate ocular dopamine. Such treatments are identified in the disclosure of this invention. By utilizing ocular photobiological stimulation therapy, dopamine production in the retina of one or both eyes can be stimulated, and the thickness of the choroidal and / or scleral membrane of the child's eye can also be increased, thereby counteracting the development of axial elongation (or myopia).

[0257] In other words, an example of preventing myopia is: 4) Identify children aged 6 years or older (or even younger) with low levels of dopamine in their retina.

[0258] 5) Test these children to identify their BVA (best visual acuity) refractive status; and 6) If a child’s refractive status is +0.75D or lower hyperopia and their choroidal and / or scleral thickness indicates low dopamine levels, therapy is initiated to increase retinal dopamine and choroidal and / or scleral thickness.

[0259] For children who already have myopia, it is important to stop or slow the progression of myopia as they grow older. Therefore, it is important to increase the dopamine levels in the retina of these children. Examples for increasing dopamine in the retina of the eye are disclosed. Ocular photobiological stimulation using embodiments of the present invention The embodiments disclosed herein can provide photobiological stimulation to the retina of the eye via light of a specific wavelength, and in some embodiments, to the entire retina, the foveal periretina, and / or the macula periretina. In some embodiments, the light stimulation is aimed at or targeted at rods. In other embodiments, the light stimulation is aimed at or targeted at ganglion cells. In still other embodiments, it is aimed at or targeted at both rods and ganglion cells. When ganglion cells are referred to herein, the targeted or stimulated ganglion cells are melanopsin-containing ganglion cells (ipRGCs) or may also be referred to as mRGCs.

[0260] The embodiments described herein teach the stimulation of rods and / or ipRGCs with specific light wavelengths. The human retina contains 100+M rods, 1M ganglion cells, but fewer than 7,000 ipRGCs, i.e., ganglion cells containing melanopsin. Compared to rods and cones, ipRGCs are less sensitive to light stimulation, and their response dynamics are slow. The response delay is inversely proportional to the stimulus intensity, and under dim light conditions, ipRGCs may require several seconds to reach peak response; the response can also persist for several minutes after the stimulus is terminated. However, ipRGCs are similar to rods and cones in that they all exhibit adaptation by adjusting their sensitivity according to illumination conditions. Although slow to respond to dim light conditions, ipRGCs appear to be able to respond to the capture of a single photon. It is estimated that the membrane density of photopigment in the outer segment of rod and cone photoreceptor cells is about a thousand times that of melanopsin; this relatively low density may explain the poor absorption rate of ipRGCs. Capturing a single photon in an ipRGC generates a larger and more persistent membrane current, which is larger than that recorded in rod photoreceptor cells, but also lasts 20 times longer.

[0261] In other embodiments, the light stimulation is aimed at or targeted at cones, rods, and ganglion cells. In some embodiments, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to increase dopamine in the eye. In some embodiments, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to increase dopamine in the retina. When increasing dopamine in the eye and / or retina, photobiological stimulation blue light in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm can be used, or a photobiological stimulation red light wavelength of 650 nm + / - 30 nm can be used to increase dopamine in the eye and / or retina. In some embodiments, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to increase dopamine in the retina and brain. In other embodiments, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to relieve pain. In other embodiments, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to reduce the severity of headaches. When relieving pain through photobiological stimulation, green light in the wavelength range of 530 nm + / - 20 nm can be used. In other embodiments, using light wavelengths in the range of 650 nm + / - 30 nm can improve mitochondrial function and / or reduce age-related inflammation in the user's eyes. In other embodiments, the aim is to improve mitochondrial function and / or reduce age-related inflammation in the user's retina.

[0262] In other embodiments, the purpose of photobiostimulation is to increase the number of healthy mitochondria present in the retinal region targeted by the photobiostimulation. When increasing healthy mitochondria through photobiostimulation, red light in the range of 650 nm to 700 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, 700 nm + / - 30 nm, or 830 nm + / - 30 nm can be utilized. According to the invention, such photobiostimulation increases retinal mitochondrial function and reduces oxidative stress, thereby increasing the number of healthy mitochondria in the treated retinal region. This may be important for treating diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, and / or retinitis pigmentosa, to name just one example.

[0263] For most (if not all) of the embodiments provided herein for providing photobiological stimulation of the eye, the light wavelength is primarily within one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, and other wavelength ranges beyond those stated in the embodiments may also be utilized. The exact wavelength bands described above will depend on the type of photobiological stimulation for which a desired physiological response is desired.

[0264] In an embodiment, when light wavelengths are generated by filtering optics or filtering lenses, the peak spectral curve of the wavelength range illuminating the retina of the eye falls within one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0265] Examples of providing photobiological stimulation can filter or block harmful high-energy blue light and UV rays, and reduce visual discomfort from bright light.

[0266] Melanopsis photopigment, expressed in intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), plays a crucial role in mammalian adaptation to their ambient light environment through non-imaging (NIF) visual responses. ipRGCs differ structurally and functionally from classic rod / cone photoreceptor cells and possess unique properties, including single-photon response, long response delay, time-dependent photon integration, and slow inactivation.

[0267] The embodiments disclosed herein relate to increasing dopamine in the retina of an individual's eye or in the brain of an individual whose eye has been stimulated. These embodiments attempt to use wavelength ranges that cover the peak sensitivity of melanopsin (480 nm) and rhodopsin (500 nm). Given that the rhodopsin of rods reacts 20 times faster than the melanopsin of ipRGCs, but the melanopsin's reaction lasts much longer than that of rhodopsin, and considering that rods are 10+ times more numerous than ipRGCs, the various embodiments disclosed herein use light wavelengths within the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, and / or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. nm. Lower levels of 480 nm + / - 30 nm were used to capture the direct stimulation of melanopsin by ipRGCs and the indirect stimulation of melanopsin by rods.

[0268] In some embodiments, when dopamine is generated in the eye or brain via light from the eye, the present invention utilizes light wavelengths that irradiate the retina of the eye, falling within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, which will include blue light wavelengths, blue-green light wavelengths, and green light wavelengths. These wavelength ranges can be generated by light emitters, filtering optics, or filtering lenses.

[0269] In an embodiment, when light wavelengths are generated by filtering optics or filtering lenses, the peak transmittance of the wavelength range illuminating the retina of the eye is within one of the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0270] In an embodiment, when light wavelengths are generated by a light emitter, if the wavelength range illuminating the retina of the eye is within at least one of the following in a dark room without ambient lighting: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0271] In an embodiment, when a light wavelength is generated by a light emitter, if ambient lighting (including artificial light or sunlight) is present, the combined light wavelength of the light emitter and the ambient light, including the light wavelength illuminating the retina of the eye, is within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0272] It should be understood that, when interpreting the embodiments used herein, unless complete darkness is specified, it should be assumed that ambient light is present, and therefore the wavelength of light illuminating the retina mixes with the light from the light emitter and the ambient light. The same applies to filtering optics or lenses. In most, but not all, cases, filtering optics or lenses are located at a distance of 12+ mm from the wearer's eye, unless the filtering optics or lenses are contact lenses or intraocular lenses. An exception to this interpretation is the use of virtual reality devices or modified reality devices, whereby the device is sealed or nearly completely sealed relative to ambient light.

[0273] In yet another embodiment, the wavelengths of light illuminating the retina of the eye from the filtering optics, filtering lenses, and / or light emitters are selected such that the radiation peaks of these wavelengths are between the peak melanopsin sensitivity (480 nm) and the rhodopsin sensitivity (500 nm). Therefore, the transmittance peaks of these wavelengths are in the range of 480 nm to 500 nm.

[0274] In some embodiments, when using filtering optics or filters, the overall light transmittance of the filtering optics or filters may be 50% or less, 40% or less, or 30% or less, while the light transmittance transmitted to the eye within the main transmission filtering wavelength range may be 50% or greater. In some cases, the pupil of the eye dilates when viewing through the filtering optics or filters and constricts when viewing without the filtering optics or filters.

[0275] In yet another embodiment, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to enhance alertness in an individual receiving photobiological stimulation therapy. When enhancing alertness through photobiological stimulation, blue light in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm can be used. In yet another embodiment, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to increase the slowing of myopia, slow the progression of myopia, or stop myopia in an individual receiving photobiological stimulation therapy. When slowing or stopping myopia through photobiological stimulation, blue light in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm or red light in the wavelength range of 650 nm + / - 30 nm or 700 nm + / - 30 nm can be used. For the purpose of generating increased retinal dopamine, such photobiological stimulation wavelengths can be applied to most of the retina of the eye to stimulate ipRGC ganglion cells and / or rods, or to the ganglion axons of the optic nerve head.

[0276] In yet another embodiment, the purpose of photodynamic biostimulation is to treat or correct neurological abnormalities in an individual receiving photodynamic biostimulation therapy. When correcting neurological abnormalities via photodynamic biostimulation, blue light in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm can be used. By way of example only, neurological abnormalities that can be treated by photodynamic biostimulation include: Alzheimer's disease, cognitive impairment, ADD, ADHD, depression, anxiety, and / or Parkinson's disease.

[0277] In yet another embodiment, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to prevent myopia in an individual receiving photobiological stimulation therapy. In yet another embodiment, the purpose of photobiological stimulation is to treat or correct an ocular abnormality in an individual receiving photobiological stimulation therapy. When correcting an ocular abnormality, an appropriate wavelength of light must be used during photobiological stimulation therapy. By way of example only, ocular abnormalities that can be treated with photobiological stimulation include: myopia, AMD, dry AMD, diabetic retinopathy, retinal degeneration, glaucoma, optic neuropathy, cataracts, and / or dry eye caused by meibomian gland dysfunction.

[0278] In this embodiment, biofeedback can be used to confirm increased dopamine and / or serotonin production in the brain of a patient receiving ocular biostimulation therapy. This biofeedback can be a comparison of one or more of the following: an increased blink rate, an increased pupil diameter, and / or an increased heart rate and elevated body temperature in the patient being treated, compared to a baseline of the same activity prior to ocular biostimulation therapy.

[0279] Examples of photodynamic biostimulation may include modulation of an image or light source. Such modulation may be in the range of 5 Hz-15 Hz, 10 Hz-20 Hz, or 40 Hz + / - 20 Hz.

[0280] Embodiments may include a light source or light emitter having a light intensity of at least one of the following: 300 lux or greater, 400 lux or greater, 500 lux or greater, 1,000 lux or greater, or 5,000 lux or greater. As used herein, the sun is considered a light emitter. As used herein, various electronic devices or components that emit light, chemical-based devices or components, or electrochemical devices or components are considered light emitters. As used herein, sunlight and artificial light each qualify as ambient light.

[0281] Examples may include photobiostimulation durations of 1 to 5 minutes, 5 to 30 minutes, or one hour or less. For some embodiments of the eyewear disclosed herein, this photobiostimulation duration may be the normal daily wearing time of the eyewear.

[0282] Electronic devices for photobimodulation or photobistimulation of the eye Eye-light biostimulation phone case Figure 13 An embodiment of the invention is illustrated. The figure shows a mobile phone case, which may in particular include enabling electronics and a blue luminescent bezel surrounding all or part of the mobile phone. The luminescent bezel of the phone case can be programmed with respect to one or more light intensities, wavelengths, modulation or flickering, start times, and / or end times. The phone case may include a sensor for measuring the distance from the user to the phone case, and the light intensity can be automatically or manually adjusted to provide the appropriate level of light intensity required for phototherapy.

[0283] In one embodiment, the electronic display screen or the housing device housing the electronic display screen can detect the distance from the user's eyes and can automatically adjust the intensity of the blue, green, or red light bezel to suit this distance. In another embodiment, the electronic display screen or the housing of the electronic display screen may include a distance sensor and optional facial recognition. Additionally, the bezel light intensity can be automatically or manually adjusted based on the ambient lighting available in the room or space.

[0284] The luminescent border may include wavelengths within one or more of the following ranges: 441 nm or greater, 460 nm + / - 20 nm, 470 nm + / - 20 nm, 460 nm to 520 nm, or 480 nm + / - 30 nm. The targeted ocular biostimulation effects may be one or more of the following (examples only): increasing dopamine in the eye; preventing, slowing, or stopping myopia; increasing dopamine in the brain; improving alertness; and / or reducing the severity of depression.

[0285] In an embodiment, when light wavelengths are generated by filtering optics or filtering lenses, the peak transmittance of the wavelength range illuminating the retina of the eye is within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0286] In some embodiments, when the intensity of the light wavelength is adjusted by using filtering optics or filtering lenses, the peak transmittance of the wavelength range illuminating the retina of the eye is in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0287] In an embodiment, when a light wavelength is generated by a light emitter, if ambient lighting (including artificial light or sunlight) is present, the combined light wavelength of the light emitter and the ambient light, including the light wavelength illuminating the retina of the eye, is within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0288] In some embodiments, when a light wavelength is generated by a light emitter, and if ambient lighting (including artificial light or sunlight) is present, the combined light wavelength of the light emitter and the ambient light includes the light wavelength that illuminates the retina of the eye within one of the wavelength ranges and / or the range of 450 nm to 520 nm in some embodiments: In some embodiments, the wavelength range includes the peak values ​​of the most sensitive spectral points for rhodopsin (500 nm) and melanopsin (480 nm). Thus, both rhodopsin and melanopsin can be stimulated or excited. For example, this can be achieved by utilizing filtered optics or lenses that transmit primarily within at least one wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm or 470 nm–520 nm, or by utilizing a light source or light emitter that transmits primarily within at least one wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm, 470 nm–520 nm, or 480 nm–520 nm. This would include blue light wavelengths, blue-green light wavelengths, and green light wavelengths. This may be most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the retina of the eye. This may also be most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the brain by stimulating the retina of the eye.

[0289] The light rim can have an intensity of 300 lux or greater. The light rim can have an intensity of 400 lux or greater. The light rim can have an intensity of 1,000 lux or greater. The light rim can have an intensity of 5,000 lux or greater. The duration of photodynamic therapy can be 5 to 10 minutes. The duration of photodynamic therapy can be 10 to 30 minutes. The duration of photodynamic therapy can be 30 minutes to 1 hour. The duration of photodynamic therapy can be 30 minutes or longer.

[0290] The luminescent border may include wavelengths within one of the following ranges: 530 nm + / - 10 nm, 530 nm + / - 15 nm, 530 nm + / - 20 nm, or wavelengths from 500 nm to 550 nm. The target eye photobiostimulation effect may be one or more of the following (for example only): reduced pain severity, reduced headache frequency, and / or reduced migraine frequency.

[0291] The same embodiments can be provided for red light borders within wavelengths of 630 nm + / - 20 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm to 700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. The targeted ocular photobiostimulation effect can be one or more of improving mitochondrial health or increasing the number of mitochondria in the retina (for example only) to reduce the severity or improve retinal diseases / disorders (such as dry AMD, retinitis pigmentosa, and / or diabetic retinopathy, etc., for the purpose of reducing severity). In some cases, red light wavelength border light can also treat or aid in the treatment of dry eye syndrome, which causes excessive evaporation of the tear film.

[0292] The therapeutic (e.g., blue light therapy) border can appear at time intervals, which can be programmed or preset. The intensity of the blue light border can be adjustable or programmed to a certain setting. The intensity can be modulated. The intensity can be adjustable or fixed. The light wavelength can be adjusted or fixed. For example, such a border could appear on a person's electronic display at 7:00 AM and remain on the display until 8:00 AM, at which point it would disappear / stop. Blue light can make users of electronic displays more alert. Phone case borders can be used as a design feature to allow for different colors of light that can be programmed during the day or night. In most, but not all, the luminous border is in the (user-facing) front perimeter of the phone case surrounding the phone. The light can be modulated or flicker. The light can be programmable with respect to one or more of the following: light intensity, wavelength, modulation or flickering, start time and / or end time. For example, the light can be modulated in the range of 5 Hz to 15 Hz, 10 Hz to 20 Hz, or 40 Hz + / - 20 Hz.

[0293] In another embodiment, the phone case includes suitable enabling electronics and a green light border. The green light can include wavelengths within the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, or 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. The green light border can appear at time intervals, which can be programmed or preset. The intensity of the green light border can be adjustable or programmed to a certain setting. The intensity can be modulated. The intensity can be adjustable or fixed. The light wavelength can be adjusted or fixed. For example, such a bezel could appear on a person's electronic display at 7:00 AM and remain on the display until 8:00 AM, at which point it would disappear. For example, green light could alleviate pain for users of electronic displays. The bezel of a phone case can be used as a design feature to allow for different colors of light that can be programmed during the day or night. In most, but not all, the light-emitting panel is located in the front perimeter (user-facing) of the phone case surrounding the phone. The light can be modulated or flashed. The light can be programmable regarding one or more of the following: light intensity, wavelength, modulation or flashing, start time, and / or end time. In some embodiments, a diffuser can be placed above the light emitter. In some embodiments, one or more filters are used to allow more concentrated wavelengths within at least one of the following ranges to be transmitted from the light source: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0294] In another embodiment, the phone case includes suitable enabling electronics and a red light border. The red light may include a wavelength of red light, such as only 660 nm + / - 10 nm or 650 nm + / - 30 nm. The red light border may appear at a certain time interval, which may be programmed or preset. The intensity of the red light border may be adjustable or programmed to a certain setting. The intensity may be modulated. The light may be modulated or flashing. The intensity may be adjustable or fixed. The light wavelength may be adjusted or fixed. For example only, such a border may appear at 10:00 PM and turn off before the user goes to sleep. The red light may make the user of the electronic display more relaxed before going to sleep. The phone case border can be used as a design feature to allow different colors of light that can be programmed during the day or night. In most, but not all, the light-emitting panel is in the front periphery (user-facing) of the phone case surrounding the phone. The light may be programmable with respect to one or more of the following: light intensity, wavelength, modulation or flashing, start time and / or end time. For example, light can be modulated within the range of 5 Hz to 15 Hz, 10 Hz to 20 Hz, or 40 Hz + / - 20 Hz.

[0295] An example could be a mobile phone case that provides ocular biostimulation therapy, wherein multiple light emitters surround part or all of the phone screen, and wherein the ocular biostimulation light emitters provide one or more light wavelengths within at least one of the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. nm, wherein multiple light emitters are manually or automatically controllable with respect to one or more of the following: intensity, on and / or off time, and / or wavelength, and wherein the intensity of the ocular biostimulation light can be automatically adjusted according to one or more of the following: distance from the user's face or ambient light of the room or space. The ocular biostimulation light may include a timer to provide an appropriate level of ocular biostimulation therapy.

[0296] Ocular biostimulation electronic display with controllable light-emitting frame refer to Figure 14In embodiments, the bezel of any electronic display provides an luminescent bio-stimulation therapy bezel. By way of example only, such an electronic display may be a mobile phone display, tablet computer display, laptop computer display, desktop computer display, or television display. By way of example only, in some embodiments, the display may be programmed to provide a peripheral area (luminescent bezel) that provides light at the bio-stimulation wavelength, while a central area provides visual content, which may be in the form of illustrations, letters, numbers, or visual images (moving or static). The bio-stimulation bezel light may be programmable with respect to one or more of the following: light intensity, wavelength, modulation or flicker, start time, and / or end time. By way of example only, the light may be modulated within the range of 5 Hz to 15 Hz, 10 Hz to 20 Hz, or 40 Hz + / - 20 Hz. The display may include a sensor for measuring the distance from the user to the display and may automatically or manually adjust the light intensity to provide the appropriate level of light intensity required for bio-stimulation therapy.

[0297] The light rim can have an intensity of 400 lux or greater. The light rim can have an intensity of 1,000 lux or greater. The light rim can have an intensity of 5,000 lux or greater. The duration of photodynamic therapy can be 5 to 10 minutes. The duration of photodynamic therapy can be 10 to 30 minutes. The duration of photodynamic therapy can be 30 minutes to 1 hour. The duration of photodynamic therapy can be 30 minutes or longer.

[0298] In an embodiment, when light wavelengths are generated by filtering optics or filtering lenses, the peak transmittance of the wavelength range illuminating the retina of the eye is within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0299] In an embodiment, when a light wavelength is generated by a light emitter, if ambient lighting (including artificial light or sunlight) is present, the combined light wavelength of the light emitter and the ambient light includes the light wavelength that illuminates the retina of the eye within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0300] For example, when the border light is part of a light-emitting electronic display, the electronic display can be programmed (for example only) at 8:00 AM to produce an outer luminous border with a certain light intensity and wavelength within the display area, while the overall size of the center (non-outer border) becomes smaller. This luminous border can then be programmed to turn off (e.g., only at 11:00 AM), causing the central area of ​​the displayed content and image to return to its original size. In this embodiment, the electronic display or its housing can detect the distance to the user's eyes and automatically adjust the intensity, size, and shape of the blue, green, or red light border to suit this distance. In one embodiment, the electronic display or its housing includes a distance sensor and optional facial recognition. Additionally, the border light intensity can be automatically or manually adjusted based on available ambient lighting in the room or space. In some embodiments, a diffuser can be placed above the light emitter. In some embodiments, one or more filters are used to allow more concentrated wavelengths to be transmitted from the light source in the range of one of 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 530 nm + / - 20 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0301] The emitting border may include wavelengths within at least one of the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. The effects of targeted visual biostimulation may be one or more of the following (for example only): increasing dopamine in the eyes; preventing myopia; slowing or stopping myopia; curing myopia; improving myopia diagnosis; increasing dopamine in the brain; increasing alertness; and / or reducing the severity of depression.

[0302] The luminescent border may include wavelengths within at least one of the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. The target eye photobiostimulation effect may be one or more of the following (examples only): reduced pain severity, reduced headache frequency, and / or reduced migraine frequency.

[0303] A red light border within wavelengths of 630 nm ± 20 nm, or 650 nm ± 30 nm, or 650 nm–700 nm, or 700 nm ± 30 nm can provide the same effect. Targeted ocular biostimulation effects can be achieved by improving mitochondrial health or increasing the number of mitochondria in the retina (for example only) to reduce the severity of retinal diseases / disorders (such as dry AMD, retinitis pigmentosa, and / or diabetic retinopathy, one or more of these). In some cases, red light borders can also help with dry eye syndrome by stimulating the meibomian glands in the eyelids, which causes excessive tear evaporation.

[0304] In some embodiments, the wavelength range includes the peak values ​​of the most sensitive spectral points for rhodopsin (500 nm) and melanopsin (480 nm). Thus, both rhodopsin and melanopsin can be stimulated or excited. For example, this can be achieved by utilizing filtered optics or lenses that transmit primarily within at least one wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm or 470 nm–520 nm, or by utilizing a light source or light emitter that transmits primarily within at least one wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm or 470 nm–520 nm. This would include blue light wavelengths, blue-green light wavelengths, and green light wavelengths. This may be most beneficial when stimulating the retina of the eye to produce increased dopamine. It may also be most beneficial when stimulating the retina of the eye to produce increased dopamine in the brain.

[0305] An embodiment may be an electronic display screen, wherein the electronic display screen includes a programmable eye-stimulating bio-optical bezel within the display screen, wherein the programmable eye-stimulating bio-optical bezel provides one or more light wavelengths within at least one of the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. nm, wherein multiple light emitters generating a programmable bio-optical light frame are manually or automatically controllable regarding one of their intensity, on and / or off times, and / or wavelengths, and wherein one of the intensity or size of the bio-optical light frame can be automatically adjusted based on one of the distance from the user's face or the ambient light of the room or space. Further, the programmable frame can have any shape and can partially or completely surround the central area of ​​the electronic display. The bio-optical light may include a timer to provide an appropriate level of bio-optical stimulation therapy.

[0306] Another embodiment may be an embodiment of a light-emitting electronic display frame, wherein the electronic display frame includes an ocular biostimulation light bezel surrounding the display, wherein the programmable ocular biostimulation light bezel provides one or more light wavelengths within at least one of the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. nm, wherein multiple light emitters generating a programmable eye-stimulating bio-light bezel are manually or automatically controllable regarding one or more of their intensity, on and / or off times, and / or wavelengths, and wherein the intensity of the eye-stimulating bio-light bezel is automatically adjusted based on one of the distance from the user's face or the ambient light of the room or space. Further, the programmable bezel can have any shape and can partially or completely surround the central area of ​​the electronic display. The eye-stimulating bio-light bezel can be one or more of the following: attachable to the display frame, attachable to and detachable from the display frame, or integrated into and integral with the display frame.

[0307] The light rim can have an intensity of 300 lux or greater. The light rim can have an intensity of 400 lux or greater. The light can have an intensity of 1,000 lux or greater. The light can have an intensity of 5,000 lux or greater. The duration of photodynamic therapy can be 5 to 10 minutes. The duration of photodynamic therapy can be 10 to 30 minutes. The duration of photodynamic therapy can be 30 minutes to 1 hour. The duration of photodynamic therapy can be 30 minutes or longer.

[0308] Ocular biostimulation electronic display with fixed luminous border edge refer to Figure 15In some embodiments, the bezel of any electronic display provides an luminescent photobiostimulation therapy bezel. This embodiment can be a normal viewing screen with programmable content that can be scaled down to allow for the provision of the photobiostimulation bezel. For example only, an embodiment could be a blue light bezel encompassing light wavelengths in the wavelength range of 480 nm + / - 30 nm, with the media content centered. In other words, the blue light bezel completely or partially surrounds the centrally displayed media. The provided illumination effect can be automatic and timed to occur during certain periods of use, or manually set by the user. It can be programmed to provide the desired light wavelength and intensity for photobiostimulation therapy. For example only, such an electronic display could be a mobile phone display, tablet computer display, laptop computer display, desktop computer display, or television display. This luminescent bezel can be the luminescent frame itself housing the display, or the bezel of a lamp attached to the outer frame of the display. The photobiostimulation bezel light can be programmable with respect to one or more of the following: light intensity, wavelength, modulation or flicker, start time, and / or end time. If the rim light is fixed to or built into the frame of the electronic display, the size of the rim light will be fixed. Ocular photobiostimulation light may include a timer to provide photobiostimulation therapy for an appropriate duration.

[0309] In an embodiment, when light wavelengths are generated by filtering optics or filtering lenses, the peak transmittance of the wavelength range illuminating the retina of the eye is within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0310] In an embodiment, when a light wavelength is generated by a light emitter, if ambient lighting (including artificial light or sunlight) is present, the combined light wavelength of the light emitter and the ambient light includes the light wavelength that illuminates the retina of the eye within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0311] For the purposes of this disclosure, the frame of the display can be an outer edge or a frame surrounding an outer edge. In some embodiments, a diffuser can be positioned above the light emitter. In some embodiments, one or more filters are used to allow more concentrated wavelengths of light transmitted from the light source in the range of 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 530 nm + / - 20 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm. The photobiological stimulating light can be modulated. The photobiological stimulating light can include multiple light emitters.

[0312] The emitting border may include wavelengths within at least one of the following ranges: 441 nm or greater, or 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. The effects of targeted visual biostimulation may be one or more of the following (for example only): increasing dopamine in the eyes, preventing myopia, slowing or stopping myopia, increasing dopamine in the brain, improving alertness, and / or reducing the severity of depression.

[0313] The luminescent border may include wavelengths within at least one of the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, or 500 nm + / - 30 nm. The target eye photobiostimulation effect may be one or more of the following (examples only): reduced pain severity, reduced headache frequency, and / or reduced migraine frequency.

[0314] A red light border with wavelengths of 630 nm ± 20 nm, or 650 nm ± 30 nm, or within the range of 650 nm to 700 nm can provide the same effect. Targeted ocular biostimulation effects can be achieved by improving mitochondrial health or increasing the number of mitochondria in the retina (for example only) to reduce the severity of retinal diseases / disorders (such as dry AMD, retinitis pigmentosa, and / or diabetic retinopathy, one or more of these). In some cases, red light borders can also be helpful for dry eye syndrome, which causes excessive tear evaporation.

[0315] In some embodiments, the wavelength range includes the peak values ​​of the most sensitive spectral points for rhodopsin (500 nm) and melanopsin (480 nm). Thus, both rhodopsin and melanopsin can be stimulated or excited. For example, this can be achieved by utilizing filtered optics or lenses that transmit primarily in the wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm or 470 nm–520 nm, or by utilizing a light source or light emitter that transmits primarily in the wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm, 470 nm–520 nm, or 480 nm–520 nm. This would include blue light wavelengths, blue-green light wavelengths, and green light wavelengths. This may be most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the retina of the eye. It may also be most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the brain by stimulating the retina of the eye.

[0316] In this embodiment, to stimulate the production of serotonin and / or dopamine in the brain, light wavelengths in the range of 700 nm ± 30 nm can be used. LED light with a wavelength of 710 nm has been shown to have no adverse effects on dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain.

[0317] Eye-stimulating bio-stimulation steering wheel, dashboard, or instrument panel.

[0318] refer to Figure 16 The embodiments include an ocular biostimulation method that can be implemented to maintain driver alertness while driving during the day or night. It may include a photobiostimulation light source for a steering wheel, the light source having a wavelength in the range of 480 nm + / - 30 nm. It may be attachable, detachable, or permanently built into the steering wheel. The device may include its own power supply. It may be programmed to turn on after a scheduled driving period. It may remain on for a timed period. Control may be automatic or manual. If desired, the light may be modulated or flashed when in use. In all aspects, the target ocular biostimulation effect is to increase driver alertness. The light source may include a sensor for measuring the distance from the user to the light source and may automatically or manually adjust the light intensity to provide an appropriate level of light intensity required for the ocular biostimulation effect.

[0319] This method of photodynamic biostimulation can utilize a blue, blue-green, or green light emitter having one or more blue light wavelengths within the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, or 500 nm + / - 30 nm. This light can be integrated (by way of example) into the steering wheel or steering mechanism of a vehicle. In some other cases, it can be integrated into the dashboard or instrument panel of a vehicle, such as directly in front of the steering wheel. In one embodiment, the sensor can identify the distance from the user's eyes and can automatically adjust the intensity of the blue light to suit that distance.

[0320] In an embodiment, when light wavelengths are generated by filtering optics or filtering lenses, the peak transmittance of the wavelength range illuminating the retina of the eye is within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0321] In an embodiment, when a light wavelength is generated by a light emitter, if ambient lighting (including artificial light or sunlight) is present, the combined light wavelength of the light emitter and the ambient light includes the light wavelength that illuminates the retina of the eye within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0322] Additionally, the blue light intensity can be automatically or manually adjusted based on available ambient lighting inside (or outside) the vehicle. Further, the duration of the bio-stimulation of the driver's eyes can be manually or automatically set. In some embodiments, facial recognition can be utilized. For example only, the blue light can be programmed to turn on after the driver has been driving continuously for one hour and remain on for 30 minutes. It can be further programmed (for example only) to turn on and off every hour. The light can also be programmed to modulate or flash. Additionally, vibrations and / or sounds can be programmed to occur at specific intervals when the blue light is turned on or off. The light can be further programmed to turn on when the vehicle senses the driver's inattention. In some embodiments, a diffuser can be placed above the light emitter. In some embodiments, one or more filters are used to allow more concentrated wavelengths in the range of 480 nm + / - 30 nm to be transmitted from the light source.

[0323] The light can have an intensity of 300 lux or greater. The light can have an intensity of 400 lux or greater. The light can have an intensity of 1,000 lux or greater. The light can have an intensity of 5,000 lux or greater. The duration of photodynamic therapy can be 5 to 10 minutes. The duration of photodynamic therapy can be 10 to 30 minutes. The duration of photodynamic therapy can be 30 minutes to 1 hour. The duration of photodynamic therapy can be 30 minutes or longer. The light can be modulated. The light can flicker. The light can be modulated within the range of 5 Hz to 15 Hz, 10 Hz to 20 Hz, or 40 Hz + / - 20 Hz.

[0324] The embodiment may be an embodiment of ocular biostimulation light within a vehicle, wherein the ocular biostimulation light provides light with blue light wavelengths primarily in the wavelength range of 480 nm + / - 30 nm, and wherein either the intensity, size, or location of the ocular biostimulation light is automatically adjusted based on either the distance from the user's face or the ambient light of the vehicle (and / or outside the vehicle). The ocular biostimulation light may include a timer to provide an appropriate level of ocular biostimulation therapy.

[0325] Embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein, which can be used to enhance the alertness of any pilot, driver, or operator of a vehicle, and can be a system employing blue, blue-green, or green light with wavelengths primarily in the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, or 500 nm + / - 30 nm, wherein the blue light illuminates the retina of the eye of the pilot, driver, or operator of the vehicle. This vehicle can be any vehicle, including, for example, cars, automobiles, trucks, buses, subways, trams, trains, aircraft, spacecraft, boats, ocean liners, cargo ships, or ships. The blue light can be releasably attached to the steering wheel and can be detached from or integrated into the steering wheel. When the steering wheel is rotated or turned while driving, the blue light can illuminate the retina of the wearer's eyes. The blue light can be releasably attached to the dashboard and can be detached from or integrated into the dashboard. The blue light emitter can be any light emitter that emits blue light primarily in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 510 nm or 480 nm + / - 30 nm. The blue light can be programmed to automatically turn on when the pilot, driver, or operator of the vehicle shows signs of fatigue. The blue light can also be manually turned on when the pilot, driver, or operator of the vehicle feels signs of fatigue. The blue light can be modulated to be on for a period of time X and off for a period of time Y. For example, the light can be set to turn on for only 2 minutes every 2 hours of driving time, and then turn off until it is time for the light to turn on again. The timing sequence can be manually set by the driver or automatically programmed. The intensity of the blue light is brighter during the day and less so at night. The light can be controlled by a dimmer or programmed to maintain a certain intensity based on the ambient light in the vehicle. The blue light can be manually adjusted to face the eyes of the pilot, driver, or operator of the vehicle.

[0326] While the above discussion has explored the use of blue light, primarily in the 450 nm–510 nm wavelength range, and red light, primarily in the 650 nm ± 30 nm or 700 nm ± 30 nm wavelength range, instead of blue light, or a combination of blue and red light wavelengths primarily in the 450 nm–510 nm and 650 nm ± 30 nm ranges, this is due to the fact that light wavelengths primarily in the 450 nm–500 nm, 650 nm–700 nm, or 700 nm ± 30 nm range generate dopamine and enhance alertness. In some cases, blue light, primarily in the 450 nm–500 nm wavelength range, is used in the morning, and red light, primarily in the 620 nm–700 nm or 700 nm ± 30 nm wavelength range, is used in the afternoon.

[0327] The steering wheel may include one or more pressure sensors that allow it to be set to a pressure threshold as desired by the pilot, driver, or operator when they feel fatigued or wish to manually adjust the hand pressure-sensitive system. As long as the pilot, driver, or operator applies the set hand pressure, the system (within certain limits) operates as if in a dormant state; however, if the pressure relaxes and reaches a predetermined relaxation pressure threshold, an in-vehicle alarm system will alert the driver. For example, such a system may use sound, light, electric shock, and / or vibration to enhance the alertness of the pilot, driver, or operator. In some embodiments using blue light illumination in the wavelength range of 450 nm–510 nm for the vehicle as disclosed above or for the disclosed steering wheel pressure system, a vision system may also be utilized to further identify a lack of alertness in the pilot, driver, or operator. In certain other embodiments using red light illumination in the wavelength range of 650 nm + / - 30 nm for vehicles as disclosed herein or for the disclosed steering wheel pressure system, a vision system can also be used to further identify a lack of alertness in the pilot, driver, or operator.

[0328] Eye-stimulating bio-lamp or lamp.

[0329] refer to Figure 17The embodiments include an ocular phototherapy biostimulation lamp, wherein the ocular phototherapy biostimulation lamp includes an ocular photostimulation lamp, wherein the lamp may be programmable, and wherein the lamp may provide one or more light wavelengths within at least one of the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. nm, wherein one or more light emitters of a programmable eye-light biostimulation lamp or luminaire are manually or automatically controllable regarding one of intensity, on and / or off time, and / or wavelength, and wherein the intensity of the eye-light biostimulation lamp or luminaire can be automatically adjusted based on the distance from the user's face or the ambient light of the room or space. The lamp or luminaire may include a distance sensor. The eye-light biostimulation lamp or luminaire may include one or more light emitters.

[0330] In an embodiment, when the light wavelength is generated by the filtering optics or the filtering lens, the peak transmittance of the wavelength range illuminating the retina of the eye is within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0331] In an embodiment, when a light wavelength is generated by a light emitter, if ambient lighting (including artificial light or sunlight) is present, the combined light wavelength of the light emitter and the ambient light includes the light wavelength that illuminates the retina of the eye within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0332] In some embodiments, the wavelength range includes the peak values ​​of the most sensitive spectral points for rhodopsin (500 nm) and melanopsin (480 nm). Thus, both rhodopsin and melanopsin can be stimulated or excited. For example, this can be achieved by utilizing filtered optics or lenses that transmit primarily within at least one wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm or 470 nm–520 nm, and / or by utilizing a light source or light emitter that transmits primarily within at least one wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm, 470 nm–520 nm, or 480 nm–520 nm. This would include blue light wavelengths, blue-green light wavelengths, and green light wavelengths. This may be most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the retina of the eye. This may also be most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the brain by stimulating the retina of the eye.

[0333] The lamp or luminaire may have an intensity of 300 lux or greater. The lamp or luminaire may have an intensity of 400 lux or greater. The light may have an intensity of 1,000 lux or greater. The light may have an intensity of 5,000 lux or greater. The duration of photodynamic therapy may be 1 to 5 minutes, 5 to 10 minutes. The duration of photodynamic therapy may be 10 to 30 minutes. The duration of photodynamic therapy may be 30 minutes to 1 hour. The duration of photodynamic therapy may be 30 minutes or longer. The light may flicker. The light may be modulated. For example only, the light may be modulated within the range of 5 Hz to 15 Hz, 10 Hz to 20 Hz, or 40 Hz + / - 20 Hz.

[0334] In one embodiment, the eye-light biostimulation lamp or luminaire can detect the distance to the user's eyes and automatically adjust the intensity of blue, green, or red light to suit this distance. In one embodiment, the eye-light biostimulation lamp or luminaire includes a distance sensor and optionally facial recognition. Additionally, the light intensity can be automatically or manually adjusted based on the ambient lighting available in the room or space. In some embodiments, a diffuser can be placed above the light emitter. In some embodiments, one or more filters are used to allow more concentrated wavelengths within at least one of the following ranges to be transmitted from the light source: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 480 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 510 nm + / - 30 nm, 510 nm + / - 20 nm, 530 nm + / - 20 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm. The wavelengths are 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. The ocular biostimulation lamp or fixture can be modulated or flickering. The ocular biostimulation lamp or fixture may include a timer to provide an appropriate level of ocular biostimulation therapy.

[0335] Eye-stimulating bio-lamp or luminaire may include wavelengths within the following ranges: 441 nm or greater, or 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. The effects of targeted visual biostimulation may be one or more of the following (for example only): increasing dopamine in the eyes, preventing myopia, slowing or stopping myopia, increasing dopamine in the brain, improving alertness, and / or reducing the severity of depression.

[0336] Ocular photobiological stimulation lamps or luminaires may include wavelengths in the range of 530 nm + / - 10 nm, or 530 nm + / - 15 nm, or 530 nm + / - 20 nm, or 500 nm to 550 nm. Target ocular photobiological stimulation effects may be one or more of the following (for example only): reduced pain severity, reduced headache frequency, and / or reduced migraine frequency.

[0337] Ocular biostimulation lamps or devices may include wavelengths in the range of 630 nm + / - 20 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm–700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. Targeted ocular biostimulation effects may be achieved by improving mitochondrial health or increasing the number of mitochondria in the retina (for example only) to reduce the severity of retinal diseases / disorders (such as dry AMD, retinitis pigmentosa, and / or diabetic retinopathy, one or more of these). In some cases, ocular biostimulation lamps or devices may also be helpful for dry eye syndrome, which causes excessive evaporation of the tear film.

[0338] Eye-wearing and optical devices for providing photobiological stimulation of the eye Examples of eye-worn devices for photodynamic biostimulation may include lenses or optics that allow a wearer to view images, wherein certain wavelengths of light passing through the eye-worn device or optics stimulate the wearer's dopamine or serotonin, wherein certain wavelengths of light are blue light, and wherein the most concentrated blue, blue-green, or green light reaching the wearer's eye is in the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm-520 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, or 500 nm + / - 30 nm. nm, where the light wavelength is filtered or blocked so that the overall light transmittance of the lens or optics is less than 50%. Blue, blue-green, and green light radiation wavelengths can be in the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, or 500 nm + / - 30 nm, and can enhance alertness and attention, for example, upon waking in the morning or when fatigued and less alert during the day. This occurs by increasing dopamine production. In other embodiments, wavelengths in the range of 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm - 700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm can be used. It is further known that low dopamine levels can (by way of example) be associated with ADHD, myopia, and Parkinson's disease.

[0339] Examples of providing photobiological stimulation can filter or block harmful high-energy blue light and UV rays, and reduce visual discomfort from bright light.

[0340] In an embodiment, when light wavelengths are generated by filtering optics or filtering lenses, the peak transmittance of the wavelength range illuminating the retina of the eye is within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0341] In an embodiment, when a light wavelength is generated by a light emitter, if ambient lighting (including artificial light or sunlight) is present, the combined light wavelength of the light emitter and the ambient light includes the light wavelength that illuminates the retina of the eye within one of the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0342] In other embodiments of photobiological stimulation, the eye-wearing device or optics may include green light in the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm-520 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, or 500 nm + / - 30 nm. In various respects, green light wavelengths can reduce the sensation of pain. In yet another embodiment, the eye-wearing device or optics may include red light in the range of 660 nm + / - 20 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm to 700 nm. Red light wavelengths in the range of 660 nm + / - 20 nm, 600 nm to 700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm can soothe, calm, and relax the brain, thereby aiding (for example) inducing sleep. The eyewear and / or optics can be any type of eyewear or optics known to those skilled in the art. The eyewear and / or optics can be disposable. The eyewear and / or optics can be inserts that can be inserted into or attached to existing eyewear. In most, but not all, cases, the insert is positioned behind the corrective lens and supported by the eyeglass frame (see [link to eyeglass frame]). Figure 18 , Figure 19A , Figure 19B , Figure 19C , Figure 19E ,and Figure 19F The eyewear and / or optics may be removable or permanently attached to an existing eyewear. As used herein, an optics device may be a lens. A lens may be an optics device. A lens or optics device may include optical power. A lens or optics device may not include optical power. As used herein, an optics device may be any light-transmitting article as will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, such as a lens, a plate of transparent plastic or glass, a film, a light diffuser, a window, etc.

[0343] Optical devices may include a single bandpass filter to provide transmission of a desired light wavelength. Optical devices may include a dual bandpass filter to provide transmission of a desired light wavelength. The light transmission levels to the retina used in the various embodiments disclosed herein may be provided at one of scotopic, intermediate, and / or photopic light levels. In embodiments, the light level is above 400 lux and is at the higher end of intermediate vision and photopic vision most of the time.

[0344] In embodiments, ambient light can be filtered or modified through the design of optics or lenses to disperse or focus it on the retina (including the optic nerve head). In some embodiments, the blue light band of chromatic aberration is focused on the retina or the periphery of the macula within the retina through optical design or optical power modification. Optical devices can be ophthalmic lenses. Optical devices can be thin segments or portions of transmissive plastic or glass without optical power. Optical devices can be windows. Optical devices can be light diffusers. Optical devices can be films. Optical devices can include optical power. Optical devices can include prescription optical power. Optical devices may not include optical power. Optical devices can be spectacle lenses. Optical devices can be contact lenses. Optical devices can be intraocular lenses.

[0345] In some embodiments, the most concentrated blue light radiation or blue light wavelength is within the range of 460 nm ± 20 nm, or 470 nm ± 20 nm, or 480 nm ± 30 nm, or 450 nm–520 nm. In some embodiments, the most concentrated blue light radiation or blue light wavelength is within 460 nm ± 35 nm. In some embodiments, the most concentrated blue light radiation or blue light wavelength is within the range of 460 nm ± 20 nm. In some embodiments, the most concentrated blue light radiation is within the range of 470 nm ± 15 nm. In some embodiments, the most concentrated blue light radiation or blue light wavelength is within the range of 470 nm ± 20 nm. In some embodiments, the most concentrated blue light radiation or blue light wavelength is within the range of 470 nm ± 25 nm. In some embodiments, the most concentrated blue light radiation is within the range of 480 nm ± 10 nm. In some embodiments, the most concentrated blue light radiation is within the range of 480 nm ± 15 nm. In some embodiments, the most concentrated blue light radiation or blue light wavelength is in the range of 480 nm + / - 20 nm. In some embodiments, the most concentrated blue light radiation or blue light wavelength is in the range of 480 nm + / - 30 nm. In some embodiments, the most concentrated blue light radiation or blue light wavelength is above 449 nm. In some embodiments, the most concentrated blue light radiation or blue light wavelength is above 454 nm. In some embodiments, the most concentrated blue light radiation or blue light wavelength is above 459 nm.

[0346] For example only, eyewear or optics can make the wearer more alert and / or have better attention. In various respects, light wavelengths in the range of 460 nm ± 10 nm or 470 nm ± 20 nm, more specifically in the range of 480 nm ± 30 nm, are known to produce dopamine in the human retina and brain. In other embodiments, wavelengths in the 650 nm–700 nm range can be used to enhance alertness by increasing dopamine production. Light wavelengths in the 480 nm ± 30 nm and 650 nm ± 30 nm wavelength ranges can excite ipRGCs and / or rods containing melanopsin to increase the production of dopamine and / or serotonin in the retina of the eye. Light wavelengths within the following wavelength ranges—480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm—can excite ipRGCs and / or rods containing melanopsin to induce an increase in dopamine and / or serotonin production in the eye, retina, and / or brain.

[0347] In some embodiments, blue light wavelengths below 450 nm are blocked or filtered. In some embodiments, blue light wavelengths below 450 nm and above 490 nm are blocked or filtered. In some embodiments, all light wavelengths below 450 nm and above 490 nm are blocked or filtered. In some embodiments, blue light wavelengths below 450 nm and above 480 nm are blocked or filtered. In some embodiments, all light wavelengths below 450 nm and above 480 nm are blocked or filtered. In some embodiments, all light wavelengths below 450 nm and above 510 nm are blocked or filtered. As used herein, filters are designed to filter light and affect its transmission. In embodiments, filters may affect / block or reduce the transmission of certain light wavelength ranges. In some embodiments, filters block and / or filter certain light wavelengths while transmitting other light wavelengths.

[0348] The optical element can be an ophthalmic lens. The optical element can be a thin plastic, film, or glass segment or portion that transmits light and has no optical power. The optical element can be a light diffuser. The optical element can have an anti-reflective coating. The optical element can be slightly tinted. The optical element can be colorless or have no tint. The optical element can be almost colorless. The optical element can have a scratch-resistant coating. The optical element can be surface-treated like any ophthalmic lens. In some embodiments, the optical element can be an electrochromic lens.

[0349] Eyewear can be any type of eyewear worn around or inside the eye. As used herein, eyewear can include any type of eyewear, for example only: eyeglasses, sunglasses, disposable eyewear, goggles, fashion dress glasses, safety eyewear, sports eyewear, clip-on eyewear, over-the-eye eyewear, military eyewear, smart eyewear, XR eyewear, AR eyewear, VR eyewear, MR eyewear, contact lenses, intraocular lenses, or corneal implants. When necessary, eyewear may include a power source and appropriate electronics. "Non-prescription" can mean no optical power. "Plano" means no optical power. "Optical power" can mean all optical powers. Optics can be made of plastic or glass. In most cases, the term "filtering" means reduction but not complete elimination. However, in some cases, filtering can mean elimination. The term "blocking" means elimination. "Diffuse" means diffusion. "Defocus" means not focusing on the retina of the user's eye. Eyewear or optical devices may include one or more of the following: notch filter, bandpass filter, selective blue light filter, absorption filter, interference filter, multiple filters, or a combination of any one or more of them.

[0350] A bandpass filter can be an interference filter. An interference filter can be a bandpass filter. A filter can be used in conjunction with one or more lenses, lens blanks, optics, and / or optical blanks. A filter can be optically connected to one or more of the following: a lens, a lens blank, an optics, an optical blank, or another filter. A filter can be applied to one or more of the following: a concave surface, a convex surface, or embedded or recessed within a lens, lens blank, optics, or optical blank. Filters can be separate and / or spaced apart, and optically connected to one or more of the following: a lens, a lens blank, an optics, and / or an optical blank. A filter can be used in combination with another filter. A filter can be optically connected to spaced-apart filters.

[0351] Filtering optics or filters can be one or more of the following: interference filters, bandpass filters, neutral density filters, notch filters, absorption filters, absorbers, dyes, and / or selective blue light filters.

[0352] In some embodiments, when using filtering optics or filters, the overall light transmittance through the filtering optics or filters may be 50% or less, while the light transmittance to the eye within the main transmission filtering wavelength range may be 50% or greater. In some cases, the pupil of the eye dilates when viewing through the filtering optics or filters, and constricts when the filtering optics or filters are not present.

[0353] In some embodiments, when using filtering optics or filters, the overall light transmittance through the filtering optics or filters may be 40% or less, or 30% or less, while the light transmittance to the eye in the main transmission filtering wavelength range may be 40% or greater. In some cases, the pupil of the eye dilates when viewing through the filtering optics or filters, and constricts when the filtering optics or filters are not present.

[0354] Eye-wearing devices or optics may include one or more of blue light emitters, green light emitters, and / or red light emitters. Examples of light emitters, by way of example only, include LEDs, OLEDs, micro-OLEDs, micro-LEDs, quantum dots, iLEDs, fluorescent lamps, incandescent lamps, and / or the sun. As used herein, a light emitter can be any light source that emits light radiation. Examples of examples only include LEDs, OLEDs, micro-OLEDs, micro-LEDs, quantum dots, diodes, or the sun. In some embodiments, a halo is used to minimize pupillary constriction. This is because the treated eye can focus on distant objects through the center of the halo, while the light from the halo stimulates the photoreceptor cells of the eye. This further allows light exposure to the peripheral retina of the eye. When an electro-optical emitter is used, the light can flicker. The light can be modulated. The light can be modulated within a modulation range of 5 Hz to 15 Hz. Depending on the type of light source, the light intensity utilized can be 300 lux or greater, 400 lux or greater, 1000 lux or greater, or 10,000 lux or greater.

[0355] In some embodiments, the eyewear may include a blue or red light emitter facing the wearer's eyes, facing inwards and reflecting from optics supported by the eyewear, and / or facing the wearer's pupil. In other embodiments, the blue, green, or red light bands may vary in terms of light radiation enhancement. The most concentrated blue, green, or red light radiation transmitted may vary in terms of light radiation. Blue light emitters, blue-green light emitters, or green light emitters may include wavelengths within the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, or 500 nm + / - 30 nm. Blue light emitters may include wavelengths greater than 449 nm but less than 510 nm. Eye-wearing devices or optics may include diffusers for diffused light. Green light emitters may include wavelengths within the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, or 500 nm + / - 30 nm. Red light emitters may include wavelengths within the following ranges: 630 nm + / - 20 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm to 700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. In the embodiments disclosed herein, the light emitter may (optionally) be pulsed or modulated on and off to allow the wearer's / user's pupil to open more (dilate) before its diameter decreases. In this situation, by using red light, the pupil of the eye will constrict less. Furthermore, by focusing the eye on a distant object rather than a near object, the pupil will constrict less. In the embodiments disclosed herein, filters can be used to reduce the transmission of unnecessary light wavelengths, thereby increasing the pupil diameter compared to the diameter that would allow all light to enter the eye.

[0356] In an embodiment, when light wavelengths are generated by filtering optics or filtering lenses, the peak transmittance of the wavelength range illuminating the retina of the eye is within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm-520 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0357] In an embodiment, when a light wavelength is generated by a light emitter, if ambient lighting (including artificial light or sunlight) is present, the combined light wavelength of the light emitter and the ambient light includes the light wavelength illuminating the retina of the eye within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm-520 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0358] In some embodiments, the wavelength range includes the peak values ​​of the most sensitive spectral points for rhodopsin (500 nm) and melanopsin (480 nm). Thus, both rhodopsin and melanopsin can be stimulated or excited. This can be achieved, for example, by utilizing filtered optics or lenses that transmit primarily in the wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm or 470 nm–520 nm, or by utilizing a light source or light emitter that transmits primarily in the wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm, 470 nm–520 nm, or 480 nm ± 30 nm. This would include blue light wavelengths, blue-green light wavelengths, and green light wavelengths. This is likely most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the retina of the eye. It is also likely most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the brain by stimulating the retina of the eye.

[0359] In one embodiment, a blue, green, or red light emitter may be located around the periphery of a transparent or light-colored optics element, thereby allowing the center of the optics element to be free of, but not entirely free of, blue, green, or red light. Alternatively, the blue, green, or red light emitter may be located around the rear side of the lens rim of the eyeglass frame closest to the wearer's eye, thereby allowing the center of the optics element to be free of, but not entirely free of, blue, green, or red light. The blue, green, or red light emitter may be covered by a diffuser.

[0360] The emitted light wavelengths can illuminate or almost entirely illuminate the non-macular region of the retina, while almost all visible light wavelengths passing through the center of the optics can illuminate or almost entirely illuminate the macular region of the retina. The optics can be colored; for example, blue light and a blue light emitter can illuminate a blue-colored optics. The wavelength range transmitted to the wearer's eye can be within the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm-520 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. Blue, blue-green, or green light emitters can excite one or more of the retinal cones, rods, and ipRGCs containing melanopsin. In preferred embodiments, blue light emitters excite rods and ganglion cells containing melanopsin. Green light emitters can excite one or more of the macular cones, retinal rods, and ipRGCs containing melanopsin. Certain green light emitters in the wavelength range of 500 nm to 530 nm can excite rhodopsin and melanopsin. Certain green light emitters in the wavelength range of 500 nm to 530 nm can increase dopamine in the eye. Certain green light emitters in the wavelength range of 500 nm to 530 nm can increase dopamine in the brain. Red light emitters can excite one or more of the macular cones, retinal rods, and ipRGCs containing melanopsin. Certain blue light wavelengths improve alertness, focusing, and induce dopamine production in the eye and brain. Certain blue light wavelengths can slow or stop the progression of myopia. Certain blue light wavelengths can prevent the onset of myopia. Certain green light wavelengths can relieve pain. Certain red light wavelengths increase calming and relaxation. Certain red light wavelengths increase dopamine production and enhance alertness. Certain red light wavelengths at 650 nm + / - 30 nm or 700 nm + / - 30 nm can improve mitochondrial health.

[0361] In some embodiments, the wavelength range includes the peak values ​​of the most sensitive points for rhodopsin (500 nm) and melanopsin (480 nm). This allows both rhodopsin and melanopsin to be stimulated or excited. For example, ranges of 460 nm–520 nm, 470 nm–520 nm, or 480 nm–520 nm can be used. This would include blue light wavelengths, blue-green light wavelengths, and green light wavelengths.

[0362] The light intensity of the eye biostimulation lamp can be 300 lux or greater in some cases (for example only). In other cases, for example, the intensity is less than 500 lux. In still other cases, the intensity can be greater than 500 lux. In still other cases, the intensity can be 1,000 lux or greater. In some cases, for example, the light exposure time is in the range of 1-5 minutes. In other cases, for example, the time is 10 minutes or less. In still other cases, for example, the time is greater than 10 minutes.

[0363] In embodiments of eye-wearable devices, the light emitter may have a blue light wavelength in the range of 460 nm + / - 20 nm, or 470 nm + / - 20 nm, or 450 nm to 510 nm, and may be combined with white light, for example, providing a blue light wavelength enhanced by white light or enriched with white light. By way of example only, some fluorescent lamps providing warm white indoor lighting may provide a blue light wavelength in the range of 460 nm + / - 20 nm, or 470 nm + / - 20 nm, or 450 nm to 510 nm. In this example, a white fluorescent lamp may be used in conjunction with a blue light emitter. In other examples, some incandescent lamps providing indoor lighting may also provide a blue light wavelength in the range of 460 nm + / - 20 nm, or 470 nm + / - 20 nm, or 450 nm to 510 nm. In other examples, certain incandescent and fluorescent lamps providing indoor lighting may be used in combination with LEDs whose blue light wavelengths are in the range of 460 nm + / - 20 nm, or 470 nm + / - 20 nm, or 450 nm to 510 nm. And in yet another embodiment, by way of example only, white LEDs may be provided in combination with blue LEDs whose wavelengths are in the range of 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, or 495 nm + / - 30 nm. In yet another embodiment, by way of example only, the white light emitter may be provided in combination with a blue light emitter with a wavelength in the range of 460 nm + / - 20 nm, or 470 nm + / - 20 nm, or 450 nm to 510 nm. In yet another embodiment, by way of example only, the blue LED may provide blue light levels in the wavelength range of 460 nm + / - 20 nm, or 470 nm + / - 20 nm, or 450 nm to 510 nm.

[0364] In embodiments of eye-wearable devices, the light emitter may have a green light wavelength in the range of 500 nm-520 nm, 510 nm-540 nm, or 530 nm + / - 20 nm, and may be blended with white light, for example, providing a green light wavelength that is enhanced or enriched by white light. By way of example only, some fluorescent lamps providing warm white indoor lighting may also provide a green light wavelength in the range of 500 nm to 540 nm. In this example, a white fluorescent lamp may be used with a green light emitter. In other examples, some incandescent lamps providing indoor lighting may also provide a green light wavelength in the range of 510 nm to 540 nm. In other examples, some incandescent and fluorescent lamps providing indoor lighting may (for example) be used with LEDs whose green light wavelengths are in the range of 500 nm-520 nm, 520 nm + / - 10 nm, 530 nm + / - 20 nm, or 510 nm to 540 nm. Furthermore, in yet another embodiment, by way of example only, a white LED may be provided in combination with a green LED with a wavelength in the range of 530 nm + / - 20 nm, 530 nm + / - 20 nm, or 510 nm to 540 nm. Furthermore, in yet another embodiment, by way of example only, a white light emitter may be provided in combination with a green light emitter with a wavelength in the range of 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 520 nm + / - 10 nm, 530 nm + / - 20 nm, or 510 nm to 540 nm.

[0365] In embodiments of eye-wearable devices, the light emitter may have a red light wavelength in the range of 630 nm + / - 20 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm to 700 nm, and may be combined with white light to provide white light with enhanced or enriched red light wavelengths. By way of example only, some fluorescent lamps providing warm white indoor lighting may also provide red light wavelengths in the range of 630 nm + / - 20 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm to 700 nm. In this example, a white fluorescent lamp may be used in conjunction with a red light emitter. In other examples, some incandescent lamps providing indoor lighting may also provide red light wavelengths in the range of 630 nm + / - 20 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm to 700 nm. In other examples, certain incandescent fluorescent lamps providing indoor lighting may be used in conjunction with LEDs whose red light wavelengths are in the range of 660 nm + / - 20 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm to 700 nm. And in yet another embodiment, by way of example only, white LEDs may be provided in combination with red LEDs whose wavelengths are in the range of 630 nm + / - 20 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm to 700 nm. And in yet another embodiment, by way of example only, white light emitters may be provided in combination with red light emitters whose wavelengths are in the range of 630 nm + / - 20 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm to 700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0366] In embodiments, the blue light emitter may be located around the periphery of a transparent or light-colored optics, thereby allowing the center of the optics to be free of most, but not all, blue light. The blue light emitter may also be located around the rear side of the lens rim of the eyeglass frame closest to the wearer's eye, allowing the center of the optics to be free of most, but not all, blue light. The blue light emitter may be covered by a diffuser. Blue light wavelengths may illuminate or almost entirely illuminate the non-macular region of the retina, while almost all visible light wavelengths passing through the center of the optics may illuminate or almost entirely illuminate the macular region of the retina. The optics may be blue-colored, and the blue light emitter may illuminate through the colored optics. The optics may be blue-colored, and the blue light emitter may reflect from the surface of the optics. The optics may be blue-colored, and a white light emitter may illuminate through the blue-colored optics. In some embodiments, the blue light emitter located at the rear of the eyewear may be directed towards the pupil of the wearer's eye. In other embodiments, the blue light emitter is perpendicular to the back of the eyewear and can be pointed towards the wearer's face.

[0367] In embodiments, a green light emitter may be located around the periphery of a transparent or light-colored optics element, thereby allowing the center of the optics element to be free of most, but not all, green light. In embodiments, a green light emitter may be located around the periphery of a transparent or light-colored optics element, thereby allowing the center of the optics element to be free of all green light. A green light emitter may be located around the rear side of the lens rim of the eyeglass frame closest to the wearer's eye, thereby allowing the center of the optics element to be free of most, but not all, green light. The green light emitter may be covered by a diffuser. Green light wavelengths may illuminate or almost entirely illuminate the macula and non-maculatic regions of the retina, while almost all visible light wavelengths passing through the center of the optics element may illuminate or almost entirely illuminate the maculatic region of the retina. The optics element may be green-colored, and the green light emitter may illuminate through the green-colored optics element. The optics element may be green-colored, and the green light emitter may be reflected from one surface of the optics element. The optics element may be green-colored, and a white light emitter may illuminate through the green-colored optics element. In some embodiments, a green light emitter located at the rear side of the eyewear may be directed towards the pupil of the wearer's eye. In other embodiments, the green light emitter is perpendicular to the back of the eyewear and can be pointed toward the wearer's face.

[0368] In embodiments, a red light emitter may be located around the periphery of a transparent or light-colored optics element, thereby allowing the center of the optics to be free of most, but not all, red light. In embodiments, a red light emitter may be located around the periphery of a transparent or light-colored optics element, thereby allowing the center of the optics to be free of all red light. A red light emitter may be located around the rear side of the lens rim of the eyeglass frame closest to the wearer's eye, thereby allowing the center of the optics to be free of most, but not all, red light. The red light emitter may be covered by a diffuser. Red light wavelengths may illuminate or almost entirely illuminate the macula and non-maculatic regions of the retina, while almost all visible light wavelengths passing through the center of the optics may illuminate or almost entirely illuminate the maculatic region of the retina. The optics may be red-colored, and the red light emitter may illuminate through the red-colored optics. The optics may be red-colored, and the red light emitter may be reflected from one surface of the optics. The optics may be red-colored, and a white light emitter may illuminate through the red-colored optics. In some embodiments, a red light emitter located at the rear of the eyewear may be directed towards the pupil of the wearer's eye. In other embodiments, the red light emitter is perpendicular to the back of the eyewear and can be pointed towards the wearer's face.

[0369] In some embodiments, an eyewear device houses or supports an optics device, which may include optical power. A defocusing lens may be used with the eyewear device or the optics device. Such a defocusing lens may be housed within the eyewear device, attached to the eyewear device or the optics device, or worn behind the eyewear device or the optics device. In some cases, the defocusing lens is located behind a bandpass filter, between the filter and the wearer's or user's eye. In some embodiments, the eyewear device houses or supports an optics device that may not include optical power. In some embodiments, the eyewear device houses or supports an optics device that may include a prescription spectacle lens. In some embodiments, the eyewear device houses or supports an optics device that may include a non-prescription spectacle lens. In some embodiments, for example, the eyewear may be disposable and include colored optics such that when a bright light source is viewed, light wavelengths within the following ranges are transmitted to the wearer's eye: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm-520 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. In some embodiments, the eye-wearing device may be disposable and includes colored optics such that when a bright light source is viewed, light wavelengths in the range of 500 nm to 520 nm or 530 nm + / - 20 nm are transmitted to the wearer's eye. In some embodiments, the eye-wearing device may be disposable and includes colored optics such that when spaced-apart bright light sources are viewed, light wavelengths in the range of 630 nm + / - 20 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm to 700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm are transmitted to the wearer's eye.

[0370] In some embodiments, the eyewear houses or supports optics including blue light emitters having blue light wavelengths in the range of 441 nm to 500 nm, or 460 nm + / - 20 nm, or 470 nm + / - 20 nm, or 480 nm + / - 30 nm. In some embodiments, by way of example only, the eyewear houses or supports optics comprising blue light having blue light wavelengths in the range of 441 nm to 500 nm, or 460 nm + / - 20 nm, or 470 nm + / - 20 nm, or 480 nm + / - 30 nm, while filtering or blocking blue light wavelengths of 440 nm or lower in various respects. In some embodiments, the eyewear contains or supports an optical device comprising blue light having a blue light wavelength in the range of 441 nm to 500 nm, or 460 nm + / - 20 nm, or 470 nm + / - 20 nm, or 480 nm + / - 30 nm, and wherein the amount or intensity of transmitted blue light wavelengths below 441 nm has been reduced. In yet another embodiment, the bandpass filter transmits wavelengths in the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm - 520 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. In some embodiments, the eye-wearing device houses or supports optics including green light emitters having a green light wavelength in the range of 510 nm-540 nm, or 530 nm + / - 20 nm, or 520 nm + / - 10 nm. In some embodiments, the eye-wearing device houses or supports optics comprising green light having a green light wavelength in the range of 510 nm-540 nm or 530 nm + / - 20 nm.

[0371] In some embodiments, the eye-wearing device or optics may include a red light emitter. In some other embodiments, the eye-wearing device or optics may include blue, blue-green, green, and / or red light emitters. In such cases, by way of example only, the light emitter is used to improve alertness and cognitive abilities. The light emitter can emit wavelengths in the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm-520 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. The optics may include a dual bandpass filter, which can be used to provide these transmission ranges.

[0372] Eye-wearing devices may include blue or red light provided by an electronic display, wherein the electronic display is located within, in front of, behind, on the surface of, on the eye-wearing device and transmits or projects onto the optics, and / or on the eye-wearing device and transmits or projects onto or onto a human eye. Such electronic displays used with eye-wearing devices can be used for XR (Extended Reality), VR (Virtual Reality), AR (Augmented Reality), MR (Mixed Reality), and corrected reality, and in some cases are used solely to provide blue, green, or red light to or from optics. Red light may be red light in the wavelength range of 660 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 660 nm + / - 20 nm. Blue light can have wavelengths in the range of 441 nm to 500 nm, or 460 nm + / - 20 nm, or 470 nm + / - 20 nm, or 480 nm + / - 30 nm, and can be filtered or blocked in the range of 420 nm + / - 20 nm if necessary. Green light can have wavelengths in the range of 510 nm to 540 nm or 530 nm + / - 20 nm. Red light wavelengths can be in the range of 630 nm + / - 20 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 660 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm to 700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. Multiple light emitters can be used to provide one or more of the aforementioned wavelengths.

[0373] In some embodiments, the eye-wearing device or optics may include a white light emitter that illuminates a blue, green, or red lens or optics. Examples of light emitters, by way of example only, may include LEDs, OLEDs, micro-OLEDs, micro-LEDs, iLEDs, and / or quantum dots. Multiple light emitters may be used. Clip-on or flip-up optics may be attached to the eye-wearing device (see [link to documentation]). Figure 21A -D). Eyewear may include prescription or non-prescription lenses. Eyewear may include lenses with or without optical power (plano).

[0374] Referring to Figure 19, in an embodiment, one or more lenses accommodated or supported by an eyepiece may include blue lenses having a blue light wavelength in the range of 450 nm to 500 nm, or 460 nm + / - 20 nm, or 470 nm + / - 20 nm, or 480 nm + / - 30 nm, and may filter or block blue light wavelengths below 450 nm. Lenses with green lenses may transmit wavelengths in the range of 510 nm to 550 nm, or 530 nm + / - 20 nm, or 520 nm + / - 10 nm. Lenses with red lenses may transmit wavelengths in the range of 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 660 nm + / - 20 nm, or 600 nm to 700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0375] In yet another embodiment, the lens housed in the eyewear may be colorless. Clip-on or flip-up optics may include prescription or non-prescription lenses. The housing of the clip-on or flip-up optics may, by way of example only, be magnetically, mechanically, and / or attached to the eyewear via a tension mount. (See also...) Figure 21A -D and Figure 22 In some other embodiments, the optics may, by way of example only, be attached to a lens contained in an eyewear by a magnet, a removable adhesive, and / or by electrostatic energy.

[0376] For example, other embodiments may include rings, strips, or segments of blue, green, or red light emitters that can be adhered to, attached to, or embedded within the surface of a lens or optics, wherein the lens or optics is supported or housed by an eyeglass frame or eyewear. By way of example only, in some other embodiments, rings, strips, or segments of blue, green, or red light emitters may be adhered to, attached to, or embedded within the surface of a lens or optics, such that they can be inserted into, supported, or stabilized on an eyeglass frame or eyewear. In various aspects, filters and / or emitters and related embodiments may be removable inserts, such as those attached to a lens, attached to an eyewear, inserted into, or embedded in a lens. (See also...) Figure 19A -F. Referring to Figure 20, in one embodiment, a blue, green, red, or white light emitter can provide light covering the central portion of the lens or optics. In other cases, the blue, green, red, or white light emitter can provide light covering the peripheral portion of the lens or optics, leaving almost no blue, green, red, or white light at the center of the lens or optics. In yet another embodiment, the blue, green, red, or white light emitter can provide light covering a portion of the lens or optics. (See also...) Figure 20A -C. In yet another embodiment, a blue, green, red, or white light emitter may be spaced apart from the optics. The light emitter may be covered by a diffuser to diffuse and attenuate the light. The light may be directed toward the wearer's eye. The light may be directed toward the pupil of the wearer's eye. In some embodiments, the light source or emitter may be modulated, for example, within one of the following ranges: 5 Hz-15 Hz, 10 Hz-20 Hz, or 40 Hz + / - 20 Hz. In some embodiments, the light source or emitter may be modulated, for example, 10 times per second or less. In some embodiments, the light source or emitter may be modulated (on and off), for example, 20 times per second or less. In other embodiments, the light source or emitter may be modulated, for example, 50 times per second or less. And in yet another embodiment, the light emitter or emitter may be modulated, for example, 100 times per second or less. In yet another embodiment, the light is not modulated or flickers.

[0377] In embodiments utilizing blue light as a light source (wavelength within at least one of the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm - 520 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, or 500 nm + / - 20 nm), an intensity of 300 lux or higher can be achieved. In other embodiments, the intensity can be 500 lux or higher. In other embodiments, the intensity can be 1,000 lux or higher. In some embodiments utilizing a blue light source, the treatment time with the light source can be 1 hour or less. In other embodiments, the treatment time can be 30 minutes or less. In yet another embodiment, the treatment time may be 10 minutes or less. And in yet another embodiment, the treatment time may be 5 minutes or less.

[0378] In some embodiments utilizing a green light source (e.g., with a wavelength in the range of 530 nm + / - 20 nm), the green light source may have an intensity of 250 lux or higher. In other embodiments, the intensity may be 500 lux or higher. In still other embodiments, the intensity may be 1,000 lux or higher. In some embodiments, when using a green light source, the treatment time with the light source may be 1 hour or less. In other embodiments, the treatment time may be 30 minutes or less. In yet another embodiment, the treatment time may be 10 minutes or less. And in yet another embodiment, the treatment time may be 5 minutes or less.

[0379] In embodiments utilizing a red light source (wavelength in the range of 650 nm + / - 30 nm or 700 nm + / - 30 nm), the red light source may have an intensity of 400 lux or higher. In other embodiments, the intensity may be 500 lux or higher. In other embodiments, the intensity may be 1,000 lux or higher. In other embodiments, the intensity may be 5,000 lux or higher. In some embodiments utilizing a red light source, the treatment time with the light source may be 1 hour or less. In other embodiments, the treatment time may be 30 minutes or less. In still other embodiments, the treatment time may be 10 minutes or less. And in still other embodiments, the treatment time may be 5 minutes or less. Referring to FIG21, embodiments may include clip-on optics or flip-up optics, the optics comprising lenses with or without optical power (plano power). In embodiments, clip-on or flip-up optics can transmit blue light wavelengths in the range of 441 nm–500 nm, or 460 nm ± 20 nm, or 470 nm ± 20 nm, or 480 nm ± 30 nm, for example, when using a bandpass filter. (See, for example, 2101 in Figure 21a.) In yet another embodiment, the clip-on or flip-up optics can be colorless and include blue light emitters around the periphery of the housing supporting the optics, these blue light emitters having blue light wavelengths primarily in or only in the range of 441 nm–500 nm, or 460 nm ± 20 nm, or 470 nm ± 20 nm, or 480 nm ± 30 nm. (See, for example, 2101 in Figure 21a.) Figure 20A-C. ) This housing can be a frame or an eyewear frame. In some embodiments, clip-on or flip-down optics can transmit blue light wavelengths (e.g., using one or more light emitters 2102) in the range of 441 nm-500 nm, or 460 nm + / - 20 nm, or 470 nm + / - 20 nm, or 480 nm + / - 30 nm, and lenses housed by the eyewear can filter or block blue light wavelengths of 440 nm or lower. In some embodiments, the forward optics furthest from the wearer's eyes can provide or emit blue light in the range of 441 nm-500 nm, or 460 nm + / - 20 nm, or 470 nm + / - 20 nm, or 480 nm + / - 30 nm. In some embodiments, the forward optics are clip-on or flip-down optics, and the optics located behind the clip-on or flip-down optics are the eyewear. In some other embodiments, the optics housed in the eyewear may be a stack of two optics, wherein the forward optics comprises blue light having a wavelength primarily in or only in the range of 441 nm-500 nm, or 460 nm + / - 20 nm, or 470 nm + / - 20 nm, or 480 nm + / - 30 nm, and the optics closest to the wearer's eye are optics that filter or block blue light wavelengths. The optics may be clip-on filters or flip-down filters. The filter may be a bandpass filter. The filter may be an interference filter. The filter may be an absorption filter. Either the clip-on optics or the flip-down optics may be attachable to and detachable from the eyewear, the eyewear frame, or the optics / lens; in other words, either the clip-on optics or the flip-down optics may be attachable to and detachable from the frame, or either the clip-on optics or the flip-down optics may be integral with or embedded within the frame.

[0380] Clip-on or flip-up optics may include lenses with or without optical power (plano power). In some embodiments, clip-on or flip-up optics may include transmission of green light wavelengths primarily or only in the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, or 500 nm + / - 30 nm. In yet another embodiment, the clip-on or flip-up optics may be colorless and include green light emitters around the periphery of the housing supporting the optics, these green light emitters having wavelengths in the range of 500 nm-550 nm or 530 nm + / - 20 nm. Such a housing may be a frame or an eyewear frame. In some embodiments, the forward-facing optics furthest from the wearer's eye can provide or emit green light wavelengths in the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm-520 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, or 500 nm + / - 30 nm. In some embodiments, the forward-facing optics are clip-on or flip-down optics, and the optics located behind the clip-on or flip-down optics are eye-worn devices including optical power. The optics can be clip-on filters or flip-down filters. The filter can be a bandpass filter. The filter can be an interference filter. The filter can be an absorption filter.

[0381] Clip-on or flip-up optics may include lenses with or without optical power (plano). In some embodiments, clip-on or flip-up optics may include transmission of red light wavelengths primarily in or only in the range of 630 nm + / - 20 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm–700 nm. In still other embodiments, clip-on or flip-up optics may be colorless and include red light emitters with wavelengths in the range of 630 nm + / - 20 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm–700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm around the periphery of the housing supporting the optics. Such housings may be frames or eyewear frames. In some embodiments, the forward-facing optics furthest from the wearer's eye can provide or emit red light wavelengths in the ranges of 630 nm ± 20 nm, 650 nm ± 30 nm, or 600 nm–700 nm, or 700 nm ± 30 nm. In some embodiments, the forward-facing optics are clip-on or flip-down optics, and the optics located behind the clip-on or flip-down optics are eye-worn devices including optical power. The optics can be clip-on filters or flip-down filters. The filter can be a bandpass filter. The filter can be an interference filter. The filter can be an absorption filter.

[0382] like Figure 21D As shown, embodiments may include a white light emitter (with or without a diffuser) 2103. Clip-on or flip-up optics may or may not be prescription. Lenses may or may not be tinted 2104. Lenses may include one or more filters. In an embodiment, white LEDs are pointed toward the wearer's eye, and they can be transmitted through filters 2105 (e.g., blue lenses including notch filters or bandpass filters, while transmitting particularly between 480 + / - 30 nm).

[0383] Where all embodiments of the electronic devices provided herein are required, appropriate enabling electronic devices driving, powering, controlling, modulating, dimming, or brightening light emitters are part of or associated with these embodiments, even if not identified in the illustrations. For any embodiment of the embodiments disclosed herein, one or more of bandpass filters, notch filters, interference filters, dye absorption filters, dedicated filters, coatings, and / or dyes may be used, where appropriate and by way of example only, to achieve the desired wavelength transmission result. In some embodiments, multiple filters are used such that each filter is optically aligned with each other. The optics may be clip-on filters or flip-down filters. Filters may be bandpass filters. Filters may be interference filters. Filters may be absorption filters.

[0384] refer to Figure 22 In embodiments, the eyewear and / or optics may include over-the-counter optics, which, by way of example only, may be one or more of the following: disposable, re-rollable when not in use and unfolded backwards for use such that it attaches to the eyewear frame by pressure, rests on an existing eyewear being worn via an arm rest, slips over an existing eyewear, and / or clips or snaps onto an existing eyewear. Over-the-counter eyewear or optics may further include wavelength filtering materials or wavelength bandpass materials. The eyewear or optics may be significantly darkened, allowing only 20% or less of light transmission. The eyewear or optics may be significantly darkened, allowing only 15% or less of light transmission. The eyewear or optics may be significantly darkened, allowing only 10% or less of light transmission.

[0385] This transmission will cause the pupil of the eye to dilate fully or slightly. This increase in pupil size then allows a larger area of ​​the retina to be exposed to the wavelengths of light transmitted to the eye. In some cases, wavelengths within the following ranges are used: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. In various ways, defocusing lenses can be used with eyewear or optics. These defocusing lenses can be housed within, attached to, or worn behind eyewear or optics. In most, but not all, cases, the defocusing lens is located behind the bandpass filter, between the filter and the wearer's or user's eye.

[0386] Referring to Figure 23, by largely acting as very dark sunglasses, the embodiment can partially or completely dilate the pupil, thereby allowing more of the retina to be exposed to the transmitted light wavelength. This is particularly useful for blue light wavelengths of 460 nm or higher to 480 nm or higher, or 510 nm or lower, which are designed to make the wearer more alert or focused. The same is true for red light in the range of 650 nm + / - 30 nm or 650 nm - 700 nm. The very dark sunglasses effect of the eyewear or optics causes the pupil to partially or completely dilate, thus exposing more of the retinal rods and / or ipRGCs to the transmitted blue (or red) light wavelengths. This, in turn, increases dopamine production, which then helps to make the wearer of the optics or eyewear more alert and focused. Additionally, the rods and cones are sensitive to green light wavelengths.

[0387] Therefore, by partially or completely dilating the eye, more retinal rods can be exposed in addition to the cones. When the embodiment including bright light shines on the wearer's retina, the pupil constricts and the amount of retinal stimulation is reduced. One object of the invention is to stimulate a larger amount of retina, thereby increasing the amount of dopamine produced. This can be achieved by one or more of the following: defocused light, reducing or eliminating accommodative pupillary constriction by focusing on a distant object, using dim light, using red light where possible, and / or using a bandpass filter to reduce overall light transmission by allowing only the desired wavelength of light to be transmitted. The bandpass filter can be a single bandpass filter or a dual bandpass filter. The filter can be a hybrid filter. The bandpass filter can be an interference filter.

[0388] Sunglasses or therapeutic glasses can provide one or more of the following: scotopic conditions, reduced intermediate visual conditions, and reduced photopic conditions. Figure 23A An example of a disposable (or non-disposable) wavelength-filtering optics eyewear for photobiostimulation is shown; by way of example only, the disposable eyewear may be made of a dark-colored or nearly opaque colored plastic material and has plastic or paper arms supported by the wearer's ears for wearing over or around the user's regular glasses when needed. After wearing the disposable eyewear for a period of time, the wearer can view spaced bright light sources. These bright light sources can be LEDs, OLEDs, iLEDs, quantum dots, fluorescent lamps, incandescent lamps, sunlight, lasers, plasma displays, TV displays, tablet displays, mobile phone displays, computer displays, or electronic displays. Defocusing lenses can be used with the eyewear or optics. These defocusing lenses can be housed within the eyewear, attached to the eyewear or optics, or worn behind the eyewear or optics. In most, but not all, cases, the defocusing lens is located behind the filter, between the filter and the wearer's or user's eye. Figure 23BAn example of a disposable (or non-disposable) wavelength-filtering optics eyewear for photobiostimulation is shown; by way of example only, the disposable eyewear may be made of a dark-colored or nearly opaque colored plastic material and has plastic or paper arms supported by the wearer's ears for wearing over or around the user's regular glasses when needed. After wearing the disposable eyewear for a period of time, the wearer can view spaced bright light sources. These bright light sources can be LEDs, OLEDs, iLEDs, quantum dots, fluorescent lamps, incandescent lamps, sunlight, lasers, plasma displays, TV displays, tablet displays, mobile phone displays, computer displays, or electronic displays. Defocusing lenses can be used with the eyewear or optics. These defocusing lenses can be housed within the eyewear, attached to the eyewear or optics, or worn behind the eyewear or optics. In most, but not all, cases, the defocusing lens is located behind the filter, between the filter and the wearer's or user's eye.

[0389] If reference Figure 24 An embodiment could be an eye-wearing device including optics, wherein the eye-wearing device, when worn, dilates the pupil diameter of the eye, wherein the optics transmit light radiation having wavelengths in the range of 450 nm to 510 nm, and wherein the optics transmit 40% or less of visible light. An eye-wearing device including side shields can be used to assist in blocking light from the surrounding environment. The optics can include one or more filters. For example only, the wavelengths that can be transmitted are in the range of 460 nm + / - 10 nm, or 480 nm + / - 30 nm, or 450 nm–520 nm. The optics can transmit 30% or less of visible light. The optics can transmit 20% or less of visible light. The optics can transmit 15% or less of visible light. The optics can transmit 10% or less of visible light. The eye-wearing device can be one of the following: a roll-up eye-wearing device, a clip-on eye-wearing device, a disposable eye-wearing device, a sleeve-type eye-wearing device, or a flip-up eye-wearing device. Eye-wearing devices can block or filter light so that it cannot reach the wearer's eyes through the sides of the device and its optics. (See 2401.) Eye-wearing devices can block or filter light so that it cannot reach the wearer's eyes through its optics. Eye-wearing devices may include surround optics. Optics may have no optical power or may have plano optical power. Optics may be over-the-counter. Optics may include optical power. Eye-wearing devices may be fitted over or in front of prescription optics.

[0390] In another embodiment, the eye-wearing device includes an optical device comprising one or more of a bandpass filter, an interference filter, an absorption filter, a selective wavelength filter, a neutral density filter, and / or a notch filter, such that the optical device can transmit light wavelengths within at least one of the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm to 520 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. Optical devices can be used in conjunction with a light source having appropriate wavelength and intensity. Eyewear can be one of the following: roll-up eyewear, clip-on eyewear, disposable eyewear, slip-on eyewear, or flip-up eyewear. Eyewear blocks or filters light from reaching the wearer's eye through the sides of the eyewear and the optical devices. Eyewear blocks or filters light from reaching the wearer's eye through the optical devices of the eyewear. Eyewear may include wraparound optics. Optical devices may have no optical power or may have plano optical power. Optical devices may be over-the-counter. Optical devices may include optical power. Eyewear may be fitted over or in front of prescription optics. The overall visible light transmittance through the optics of the eyewear may be 40% or less, 30% or less, or 20% or less. One or two optical devices of the eyewear may include optical power. One or two optical devices of the eyewear may not include optical power (plano). Optical components may include one or more of the following: ophthalmic plastics, CR 39, Trivex, medium refractive index, high refractive index ophthalmic materials, polycarbonate, or glass. Higher refractive indices result in lower longitudinal chromatic aberration. For example, CR39 exhibits lower longitudinal chromatic aberration than polycarbonate. Filters may be added to the optical component (in this case, the lens or lens blank) by impregnation, coating, using an absorbent dye mixed with the lens matrix material, or surface casting. Filters may be added as an outer layer, a separate filter adjacent to the lens or lens blank, and / or a separate filter spaced apart from but optically aligned with the lens or lens blank.

[0391] When using surface casting for filters, a thin surface casting layer of the filter can be placed on the convex surface of the lens or lens blank. Conventional finishing layers (such as hard, scratch-resistant coatings or anti-reflective layers or coatings, for example only) can be placed on top of the surface casting layer. For single-vision lenses, a spherical surface casting layer on the front surface works well with a concave surface that provides an astigmatic profile and a profile for obtaining the desired spherical power. This concave surface can be manufactured through surface treatment or freeform forming. When manufacturing progressive multifocal lenses, the same surface casting convex surface can be used, and the PAL surface can be freely formed on the concave surface of the lens, lens blank, or semi-finished lens blank.

[0392] The embodiments may be embodiments of filter lenses or filter optics including a surface-cast layer. The surface-cast layer can provide all or most of the filtering effect. In some embodiments, the lens or lens blank can provide UV filtering, while the surface-cast layer can provide the remaining filtering. In one embodiment, the surface-cast layer includes two standard dyes, two notch filters, an IR dye, and a UV absorber. In another embodiment, the surface-cast layer includes two standard dyes, two notch filters, an IR dye, and the lens or lens blank includes a UV absorber. In some other embodiments, the filter lens or filter optics includes an impregnated filter, which is combined with the surface-cast layer including the filter. In some embodiments, the filter lens or filter optics can include multiple different filters.

[0393] An embodiment may be a surface-cast layer that is filtered such that light transmitted through the layer and measured in the wavelength range of 450 nm to 520 nm has a transmittance of 50% or greater, and wherein the overall visible light transmittance through the surface-cast layer is 50% or less.

[0394] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, which includes a surface-cast layer, whereby the filter lens or filter optics includes 40% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 40% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0395] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, which includes a surface-cast layer, whereby the filter lens or filter optics includes 30% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 40% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0396] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, which includes a surface-cast layer, whereby the filter lens or filter optics includes 20% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 40% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0397] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, which includes a surface-cast layer, whereby the filter lens or filter optics includes 40% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 50% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0398] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, which includes a surface-cast layer, whereby the filter lens or filter optics includes 30% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 50% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0399] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, which includes a surface-cast layer, whereby the filter lens or filter optics includes 20% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 50% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0400] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, which includes a surface-cast layer, whereby the filter lens or filter optics includes 40% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 60% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0401] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, which includes a surface-cast layer, whereby the filter lens or filter optics includes 30% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 60% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0402] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, which includes a surface-cast layer, whereby the filter lens or filter optics includes 20% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 60% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0403] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, wherein the filter lens or filter optics includes 40% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 40% or more of light transmittance measured through the filter lens or filter optics in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0404] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, wherein the filter lens or filter optics includes 30% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 40% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0405] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, wherein the filter lens or filter optics includes 20% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 40% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0406] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, wherein the filter lens or filter optics includes 40% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 50% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0407] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, wherein the filter lens or filter optics includes 30% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 50% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0408] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, wherein the filter lens or filter optics includes 20% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 50% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0409] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, wherein the filter lens or filter optics includes 40% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 60% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0410] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, wherein the filter lens or filter optics includes 30% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 60% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0411] The embodiment may be an embodiment of a filter lens or filter optics for photodynamic biostimulation, wherein the filter lens or filter optics includes 20% or less of total visible light transmittance and includes 60% or more of light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in the range of 450 nm to 520 nm.

[0412] In some embodiments, one or more filters are applied to the convex side of a lens, lens blank, or semi-finished lens blank. In other embodiments, one or more filters are applied to the concave side of a lens, lens blank, or semi-finished lens blank. In still other embodiments, one or more filters are applied to both sides of a lens, lens blank, or semi-finished lens blank. In yet another embodiment, one or more filters are applied to the matrix of a lens, lens blank, or semi-finished lens blank. And in yet another embodiment, one or more filters are embedded within a lens, lens blank, or semi-finished lens blank. In yet another embodiment, one or more filters are separated and positioned for optical alignment with the lens, lens blank, or semi-finished lens blank.

[0413] In some embodiments, one or more filters that primarily transmit blue light wavelengths can be used in the morning, and one or more filters that primarily transmit red light wavelengths can be used in the afternoon. This can be achieved by having an attachable, removable front piece that includes or houses a bandpass filter, for example only, which is clipped or magnetically attached to the front or side of the eyewear, or pressure-attached to the side of the eyewear, or mechanically attached to the eyewear. This allows the bandpass filter to be changed based on the time of day used or the desired filter. In this case, prescription or non-prescription (plano) optics (which may include defocus or separate defocus optics) are housed or supported by a base frame to which the removable front piece is releasably attached.

[0414] In some embodiments, the wavelength range includes the peak values ​​of the most sensitive spectral points for rhodopsin (500 nm) and melanopsin (480 nm). Thus, both rhodopsin and melanopsin can be stimulated or excited. For example, this can be achieved by utilizing filtered optics or lenses that transmit primarily within at least one wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm, 450 nm–520 nm, 470 nm–520 nm, or 480 nm ± 30 nm, or by utilizing a light source or light emitter that transmits primarily within at least one wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm, 470 nm–520 nm, or 480 nm–520 nm. This would include blue light wavelengths, blue-green light wavelengths, and green light wavelengths. This is likely most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the retina of the eye. It is also likely most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the brain by stimulating the retina of the eye.

[0415] Referring to Figures 25a-c, an embodiment of ocular biostimulation can be fitted over an ophthalmic wear, which in turn fits over the wearer's regular vision-correcting ophthalmic wear. This embodiment may include: Lenses or optical devices that primarily transmit wavelengths within at least one of the following ranges (by way of example only) to the retina of a user's eye: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm – 520 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0416] Such a lens or optical device may include a lens or optical device containing one or more filters, or the one or more filters may be separate from the lens or optical device and optically aligned with it; Such lenses or optical devices may also include defocusing optical devices or optical dispersion optical devices; Such lenses or optical devices may or may not include optical power; and / or Optionally, such a lens or optics may include positive or negative optical power to produce defocus, thereby expanding the retinal area stimulated by the desired wavelength of light for ocular photobiological stimulation therapy.

[0417] An ophthalmic biostimulation device for use in the eye, wherein the ophthalmic device is fitted over a conventional ophthalmic device worn by the wearer (see, for example, Figures 25a-c), wherein the fitted ophthalmic device primarily transmits one or more wavelengths of light within at least one of the following ranges to the wearer's eye: 450 nm – 500 nm, 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm. nm or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, wherein the sleeve-type eyewear includes one or more filters, and wherein the conventional eyewear contains lenses for correcting the wearer's distance vision needs.

[0418] As taught herein, embodiments of the optical system of the present invention attempt to maintain the user's pupil diameter as large as possible during eye treatment by one or more of the following: 1) the user performs distance viewing fixation, thereby eliminating accommodative pupillary constriction; 2) reducing the intensity level of transmitted light; 3) utilizing one or more red-wavelength light emitters; and / or 4) utilizing a red light filter. While the system of the present invention can be used in conjunction with mydriatic drugs, embodiments of the present invention have also been designed to operate without the use of mydriatic drugs.

[0419] An embodiment may be an eye-worn device that overlays a conventional eye-worn device worn by the wearer, wherein the eye-worn device primarily transmits one or more wavelengths of light within at least one of the following ranges to the user's eye: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. nm, wherein the sleeve-type eyewear includes one or more filters, and wherein the conventional eyewear houses lenses for correcting the wearer's distance vision needs. The sleeve-type eyewear may also include one or more light emitters.

[0420] An embodiment may be an eye-worn device that overlays a conventional eye-worn device worn by the wearer, wherein the eye-worn device primarily transmits one or more wavelengths of light within at least one of the following ranges to the user's eye: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. nm, wherein the sleeve-type eyewear includes one or more filters, and wherein the conventional eyewear houses lenses for correcting the wearer's distance vision needs, and wherein the sleeve-type eyewear includes defocusing lenses or optics. The sleeve-type eyewear may also include one or more light emitters.

[0421] An embodiment may be an eye-worn device that overlays a conventional eye-worn device worn by the wearer, wherein the eye-worn device primarily transmits one or more wavelengths of light within at least one of the following ranges to the user's eye: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. nm, wherein the sleeve-type eyewear includes one or more filters, and wherein the conventional eyewear houses lenses for correcting the wearer's distance vision needs, and wherein the sleeve-type eyewear includes light-diffusing lenses or optics. The sleeve-type eyewear may also include one or more light emitters.

[0422] In some embodiments, the wavelength range includes the peak values ​​of the most sensitive spectral points for rhodopsin (500 nm) and melanopsin (480 nm). Thus, both rhodopsin and melanopsin can be stimulated or excited. For example, this can be achieved by utilizing filtered optics or lenses that transmit primarily in the wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm or 470 nm to 520 nm, or by utilizing a light source or light emitter that transmits primarily in the wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm or 470 nm to 520 nm. This would include blue light wavelengths, blue-green light wavelengths, and green light wavelengths. This may be most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the retina of the eye. This may also be most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the brain by stimulating the retina of the eye. Wavelengths in the range of 650 nm + / - 30 nm or 700 nm + / - 30 nm can also be utilized.

[0423] For example only, an embodiment of photodynamic biostimulation may be one of a clip-on, magnetically attached, or pressure-attached eyewear that can be attached to and detached from a wearer's conventional vision-correcting eyewear. Such embodiments may include: Another embodiment includes a second eyepiece to be worn by a wearer, wherein the second eyepiece is in optical communication with a first eyepiece worn by the wearer when worn, wherein the second eyepiece includes a filter lens or filter optics, wherein the filter lens or filter optics of the second eyepiece transmits light to the wearer's eye primarily with a transmittance of 50% or greater of the following wavelengths within at least one of the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm. 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, wherein the first eyepiece includes a first eyepiece lens for optically correcting the wearer's distance vision, and wherein the second eyepiece has a filter lens or filter optics different from the first eyepiece lens, and wherein the overall visible light transmittance through both the filter lens or filter optics and the first lens is 50% or less.

[0424] Each filter lens or filter optics may include two or more of the following: a filter, an absorbing dye, a light absorber, or any combination thereof. Filter lenses or filter optics may include one or more of the following: an interference filter, an absorption filter, a light absorber, a neutral density filter, a bandpass filter, a notch filter, or a selective blue light filter. A second eyepiece may be releasably attached to a first eyepiece. The second eyepiece may be a clip-on eyepiece, a magnetically attached eyepiece, a press-fit eyepiece, a roll-up eyepiece, or an electrostatically attached eyepiece. The second eyepiece may be a reusable or disposable sleeve-type eyepiece. The second eyepiece may be a disposable eyepiece or an insert-type eyepiece. Filter lenses or filter optics may have optical power or be plano (no optical power).

[0425] The overall visible light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and the first lens can be 40% or less. The overall visible light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics and the first lens can be 30% or less. Filtering lenses or filtering optics may include a transmittance of 40% or greater for the primary wavelength of light within at least one of the following ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. Filtering lenses or filtering optics can increase the thickness of the choroid in the wearer's eye and reduce axial elongation. Filtering lenses or filtering optics can slow the progression of myopia in the wearer's eye. The peak light transmission spectrum of the filter lens or filter optics may be within at least one of the following: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. The primary eye lens used to correct the wearer's distance vision may include a central area for correcting the wearer's distance vision needs and an enlarged negative power area surrounding that central area. The primary eye lens may include optical power or optical devices that provide peripheral vision defocus. The primary eye lens may include optical power or optical devices that provide peripheral vision light diffusion or dispersion. The primary eye lens may include optical power or optical devices that reduce the contrast of peripheral vision as perceived by the wearer's eye.

[0426] Light transmitted through filtered lenses or optics stimulates rhodopsin in the wearer's eyes. Light transmitted through filtered lenses or optics stimulates melanopsin in the wearer's eyes. Light transmitted through filtered lenses or optics can increase dopamine or serotonin levels in the wearer's eyes. Light transmitted through filtered lenses or optics increases dopamine or serotonin levels in the wearer's brain. Light transmitted through filtered lenses or optics can enhance mitochondrial function in the retina.

[0427] The second eye can include one or more of a timer, alarm, or wireless communication device. The second eye can include biofeedback components. Under indoor ambient light or sunlight, when neither the second nor the first eye is worn, the pupil size of the wearer wearing both the second and first eye can be reduced. Filtered lenses or filtering optics can generate defocused light. Filtered lenses or filtering optics can generate scattered light, diffused light, or light with low image contrast. Filtered lenses or filtering optics can transmit most of the light wavelengths within the wavelength range capable of exciting melanopsin and rhodopsin.

[0428] Lenses or optical devices that primarily transmit wavelengths within at least one of the following ranges (by way of example only) to the retina of a user's eye: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, these wavelengths can be transmitted to or illuminated on the retina of a user's eye.

[0429] Such a lens or optical device may include a lens or optical device containing one or more filters, or the one or more filters may be separate from the lens or optical device and optically aligned with it; Such lenses or optical devices may also include defocusing optical devices or optical dispersion optical devices; Such lenses or optical devices may or may not include optical power; and / or Optionally, such a lens or optics may include positive or negative optical power to produce defocus, thereby expanding the retinal area stimulated by the desired wavelength of light for ocular photobiological stimulation therapy.

[0430] As taught herein, the above-described embodiments of the optical system of the present invention attempt to maintain the user's pupil diameter as large as possible during eye treatment by one or more of the following: 1) the user performs distance viewing fixation, thereby eliminating accommodative pupillary constriction; 2) reducing the intensity level of transmitted light; 3) utilizing one or more red-wavelength light emitters; and / or 4) utilizing a red light filter. While the system of the present invention can be used in conjunction with mydriatic drugs, embodiments of the present invention have also been designed to operate without the use of mydriatic drugs.

[0431] The embodiment may be an eye-wearable device that can be attached to a conventional eye-wearing device worn by a wearer / user, wherein the attachable eye-wearing device primarily transmits one or more wavelengths of light within at least one of the following ranges to the user's eye: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. nm, wherein the sleeve-type eyewear includes one or more filters, and wherein the conventional eyewear houses lenses for correcting the wearer's distance vision needs, and wherein the attachable eyewear includes defocusing lenses or optics. The attachable eyewear may also include one or more light emitters.

[0432] As used herein, the light emitter can be any light source that emits light radiation. Examples, by way of example only, include: LED, OLED, TOLED, micro-OLED, micro-LED, micro-iled, iLED, quantum dot, fluorescent lamp, incandescent lamp, ambient light, and sunlight. In some embodiments, a halo is used to minimize pupillary constriction. This is because the treated eye can focus on distant objects through the center of the halo, while the light from the halo stimulates the photoreceptor cells of the eye. This further allows for light exposure to the peripheral retina of the eye.

[0433] As used herein, a defocusing lens or optical device is a lens or optical device that prevents light from focusing onto the retina of a wearer's eye. As used herein, astigmatic light can be defocused light. In some embodiments, the astigmatic light is focused in front of the retina, and in other embodiments, the astigmatic light is focused behind the retina. And in yet another embodiment, the astigmatic light is never focused. In some embodiments, the defocusing lens may be used with a filter. In some embodiments, the defocusing lens may include a filter. In some embodiments, the defocusing lens may be used with a bandpass filter. In some embodiments, the defocusing lens may include a bandpass filter. In some embodiments, the defocusing lens may be used with an interference filter. In some embodiments, the defocusing lens may include an interference filter. In some embodiments, the defocusing lens may be used with an absorption filter. In some embodiments, the defocusing lens may include an absorption filter.

[0434] Defocusing lenses may include optical power that is one or more of the following ranges: +0.35D to +5.00D or -0.35D to -5.00D. Defocusing lenses may include optical power that is one or more of the following ranges: +0.35D to +10.00D or -0.35D to -10.00D. Defocusing lenses may include central defocus. Defocusing lenses may include peripheral defocus. Defocusing lenses may include both central focus and peripheral defocus. Defocusing lenses may produce defocus on the retina across the entire power of the lens.

[0435] In most, but not all, cases, a defocusing lens is located between the filter and the wearer's or user's eye. A defocusing lens can be any optical device that defocuses light, such that after passing through the pupil of the wearer's or user's eye, the light is scattered over a larger area of ​​the wearer's or user's retina, the opposite of the effect of a focusing lens. Defocusing optics can be of negative lens power. Defocusing optics can be of positive lens power. Defocusing optics can be Fresnel lenses. Defocusing optics can be multifocal lenses. Multifocal lenses can include a plano central area with no optical power and one or more peripheral defocusing areas with positive optical power. Multifocal lenses can include a central area with optical power that focuses light onto the fovea / macula and one or more peripheral defocusing areas with positive optical power. Multifocal lenses can include a central area with clear vision and peripheral areas with defocused light. Defocusing optics can be electronic displays. Defocusing optics can be attached to a filter or spaced apart from a filter or a portion of a filter. Multifocal optics can be attached to a filter or spaced apart from a filter or a portion of a filter.

[0436] In an embodiment, when light wavelengths are generated by filtering optics or filtering lenses, the peak transmittance of the wavelength range illuminating the retina of the eye is within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0437] In an embodiment, when a light wavelength is generated by a light emitter, if ambient lighting (including artificial light or sunlight) is present, the combined light wavelength of the light emitter and the ambient light includes the light wavelength that illuminates the retina of the eye within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0438] An embodiment is an eye-worn device worn by a wearer, wherein the eye-worn device is attachable to another eye-worn device, wherein the attachable eye-worn device primarily transmits one or more wavelengths of light within at least one of the following ranges to the wearer's eye: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm – 520 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. nm, wherein the eyewear includes one or more filters, wherein the eyewear includes a negative power defocusing optics or lens that allows clear central vision but produces peripheral defocus, and wherein the peripheral defocus is caused by one of the following: a negative power microlens or a negative peripheral defocusing power located at the periphery of the central area of ​​the lens or optics, and wherein the negative power defocus is in the range of -0.35D to -5.00D.

[0439] In some embodiments, the wavelength range includes the peak values ​​of the most sensitive spectral points for rhodopsin (500 nm) and melanopsin (480 nm). Thus, both rhodopsin and melanopsin can be stimulated or excited. For example, this can be achieved by utilizing filtered optics or lenses that transmit primarily within at least one wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm or 470 nm to 520 nm, or by utilizing a light source or light emitter that transmits primarily within a wavelength range of 60 nm–520 nm or 470 nm to 520 nm. This would include blue light wavelengths, blue-green light wavelengths, and green light wavelengths. This is likely most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the retina of the eye. This is likely most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the brain by stimulating the retina of the eye. However, wavelengths in the range of 650 nm + / - 30 nm or 70 nm + / - 30 nm can also be utilized.

[0440] Another embodiment is an eye-wearing device worn by a wearer, wherein the eye-wearing device is attachable to another eye-wearing device, wherein the attachable eye-wearing device primarily transmits one or more wavelengths of light within one of the following ranges to the wearer's eye: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 530 nm + / - 20 nm, or 650 nm + / - 30 nm, wherein the eye-wearing device includes one or more filters, wherein the eye-wearing device includes a positive power defocusing optics or lens that allows clear central vision but produces peripheral defocus, and wherein the peripheral defocus is caused by one of the following: a positive power microlens or a positive peripheral defocusing power located at the periphery of the central area of ​​the lens or optics, and wherein the positive power defocus is in the range of +0.35D to +5.00D.

[0441] Another embodiment is an eye-wearing device worn by a wearer, wherein the eye-wearing device is attachable to another eye-wearing device, wherein the attachable eye-wearing device primarily transmits one or more wavelengths of light within at least one of the following ranges to the wearer's eye: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm – 520 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, wherein the eye-wearing device includes one or more filters, wherein the eye-wearing device includes a negative defocusing optics or lens that allows clear central vision but produces peripheral defocus, and wherein the peripheral defocus is caused by one of the following: an aspherical microlens or chromatic aberration focal length located at the periphery of the central area of ​​the lens or optics.

[0442] In most, but not all, cases, the filter is located on the convex surface of the optics. When the optics do not have optical power, the filter can be located on either surface or embedded between two surfaces. In some embodiments, a lens (which includes the desired optical power for correcting the refractive power of the wearer's eye) is located between the filter (which may be on or within the optics) and the in front of the wearer / user's eye. In some embodiments, a lens (which includes the desired optical power for correcting the refractive power of the wearer's eye) is attached to the filter (which may be on or within the optics) and located in front of the wearer / user's eye. The filter can be deposited, coated, or adhered to a substrate (i.e., the optics) that has or does not have optical power. The substrate can be made of plastic or glass. The substrate can be a film. In some cases, one or more filters can be separate from the optics or lens but aligned to maintain optical alignment with the lens or optics.

[0443] In some embodiments, the bandpass filter optics or sunglasses described above can be used without defocusing optics or lenses. In some embodiments, the bandpass filter optics or sunglasses described above can be used in conjunction with defocusing lenses. Such defocusing lenses may include one or more of the following: a central region having focusing power or no optical power, positive power increasing outward from the central region, multiple different positive optical power regions, multiple positive optical power islands, multiple positive defocusing optical power regions, multiple defocusing regions, multiple defocusing optical power islands, and / or multiple defocusing regions. These regions or islands may have the same positive optical power. These regions or islands may have different positive optical powers. These regions or islands may have different optical powers. These regions or islands may produce different defocuses. These regions or islands may increase optical power. These regions or islands may increase defocus. These regions or islands may decrease defocus. These regions or islands may decrease optical power. These regions or islands may maintain a constant optical power. These regions or islands may maintain a constant defocus. In some embodiments, the central region may be in focus, and the peripheral region may be out of focus.

[0444] Such a defocusing lens may include one or more of the following: a central region having focusing power or no optical power, negative optical power increasing outward from the central region, multiple distinct positive optical power regions, multiple negative optical power islands, multiple negative defocusing optical power regions, multiple defocusing regions, multiple defocusing optical power islands, and / or multiple defocusing regions. A defocusing lens may not include optical power. A defocusing lens may include optical power. Defocusing may be caused by one or more of the following: a single-vision lens, a multifocal lens, a light-scattering material, a prism, an applicator attached to the lens surface, a Fresnel optics device, a holographic optics device, a microlens array, and / or a etched surface of an optics device. A defocusing element may be off-center on or within an optics device. A defocusing element may be centrally located on or within an optics device. A defocusing element may be located on or within the periphery of an optics device. A defocusing element may be embedded within an optics device. A defocusing element may be attached to an optics device. A defocusing element may be attached to and detached from an optics device. The defocusing element may be located around the central area of ​​the optics device. When the term "defocusing optics" is used in this disclosure, it means that light is not focused onto the retina of the wearer's or user's eye.

[0445] Optical defocusing devices may include one or more of the following: positive power convex lens design, negative power concave lens design, spherical lens design, prism lens design, aspherical lens design, Fresnel lens design, microlens array design, nanomaterials or microstructures, concentric rings, grooves, scratches, and / or surface curves on the convex or concave side of the optical device. Nanomaterials or microstructures having a refractive index different from that of the optical device matrix material may be embedded within the optical device matrix. Nanomaterials or microstructures may be embedded within an optical coating and have a refractive index different from that of the optical coating material applied to the optical device. For example only, such an optical coating may be a hard, scratch-resistant coating, a cushioning coating, and / or a dielectric deposition coating. In some embodiments, the defocusing element is caused by the dispersion of light. In such embodiments, certain electrochromic optical materials or material properties cause light to disperse into wavelengths of blue, green, and red light.

[0446] In one embodiment, when an electric current is applied, the electrochromic material layer can induce slight dispersion, and when no current is applied, the electrochromic element causes the lens area to revert to a transparent, dispersion-free lens area. For example only, this allows for the dispersion of white light when an electric current is applied, thus allowing light of blue wavelengths to illuminate the retina for phototherapy, and stopping retinal stimulation when phototherapy is no longer needed and the current is turned off. The electrochromic lens area can be positioned within the lens such that its location coincides with a location where the light wavelength can illuminate the concentrated area of ​​rod cells in the retina.

[0447] In another embodiment, certain electroactive optical materials or material properties cause light to disperse into beams of blue, green, and red wavelengths. In this embodiment, when an electric current is applied, the electroactive liquid crystal layer can induce slight dispersion, and when no current is applied, the electroactive element causes the lens region to revert to a transparent, dispersion-free lens region. For example only, this allows white light to be dispersed when an electric current is applied, thus allowing blue wavelength light to illuminate the retina for phototherapy, and stopping retinal stimulation when phototherapy is no longer needed and the power is turned off. The electroactive lens region can be positioned within the lens such that its location coincides with a location where the light wavelength can illuminate a region of high concentration of rod cells in the retina. In yet another embodiment, a region comprising multiple prism surface features can be suitably positioned to illuminate a region of high concentration of rod cells in the retina. In each of these embodiments (whether electrochromic, electroactive, or prism-based), this region can be located around the central region of the lens and positioned to optimize the dispersive wavelength of light illuminating a region of high concentration of rod cells in the periphery of the macula of the retina.

[0448] In some embodiments, nano- or micro-structured particulate materials can be used to disperse light. Examples of nano- or micro-structured particulate materials, by way of example only, could be polycrystalline ceramics, such as transparent alumina composed of birefringent crystals. Other examples are polystyrene (PS), polyacrylate copolymers (PMMA), polyolefins (PE, PP), titanium dioxide (TiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), or zirconium oxide (ZrO2). Light passing through transparent particles having a size comparable to the wavelength of the incident light can be refracted or diffracted. Surface scratches or defects can cause light scattering. Each of the aforementioned lens designs (particles embedded in the optical device matrix, coatings containing particles, surface defects, surface refractive indexes, quantum dots, or fluorescent particles) can be used individually or in any combination to provide defocus. Again, it should be noted that, as disclosed herein, the use of defocus causes or defocuses light on the retina of the wearer or user of the optical device. This maximizes the ability to disperse light wavelengths within at least one of the following ranges onto the retina of the wearer or user of the optics: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm – 520 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm – 700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm.

[0449] In some embodiments, the defocusing optics can be rotated manually or automatically. When rotated automatically, the defocusing optics can be rotated by a motor. This rotation can help to spread the defocused light wavelengths across the retina, allowing the defocused light to illuminate the retina as the defocusing optics rotates. The defocused area of ​​the optics can originate from the entire optics. The defocused area can originate from the central area. The diameter of the central area can be 9 mm, 10 mm, or 11 mm. Defocus can originate from the peripheral area of ​​the optics. The peripheral area can be any area outside the central area. As used herein, “defocus” means that light is not focused on a single point on the user’s retina. In some embodiments, the light is focused in front of the retina. In other cases, the light is focused behind the retina. In yet another embodiment, the light is dispersed or scattered.

[0450] Any eyewear, luminaire, electronic display, and / or lighting embodiment disclosed herein (including those incorporating bandpass filters) may also include a neutral density filter. In addition to a bandpass filter, a neutral density filter is used to adjust the transmittance of light intensity at transmitted wavelengths, thereby dilating the wearer's pupil. The neutral density filter may be separate from the bandpass filter. The neutral density filter may be built into the bandpass filter. The neutral density filter may be attached to the bandpass filter. The neutral density filter may be integrated with the bandpass filter. The use of a neutral density filter is important when the intensity of light transmitted by the optics exceeds a threshold that causes the pupil of the wearer or user of the optics to constrict. The embodiments disclosed herein preferably maximize the pupil size when the desired light wavelength is exposed to the retina. In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the pupil of the wearer or user of the lens or optics will be 3 mm or greater. In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the pupil of the wearer or user of the lens or optics will be 4 mm or greater. In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the pupil of the wearer or user of the optics will be 5 mm or larger.

[0451] In some other embodiments, the light source provides light wavelengths within the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm – 520 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm – 700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. The light source can be moved relative to one of the subject's eyes, cornea, or pupil, whose retina is exposed to such a wavelength of light, or the subject's eyes, cornea, or pupil can be moved relative to the light source. This allows the light source to illuminate multiple large areas of the subject's retina. By moving the light source or moving the subject's eyes, light radiation can pass through the subject's cornea and pupil at multiple angles, thus illuminating large and / or different areas of the retina as the eye and light source move relative to each other. Such a device for achieving this purpose can be a handheld instrument, a desktop or fixed-pitch instrument, a virtual reality device, a mixed reality device, an augmented reality device, an eye-wearing device, and / or a helmet with a face shield. Ocular biostimulation eye-wearing devices can be wraparound eye-wearing devices. Ocular biostimulation eye-wearing devices may include side shields for blocking peripheral light.

[0452] Photobiostimulation lenses can filter and transmit light wavelengths within one or more of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm – 520 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm – 700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, while simultaneously filtering and blocking wavelengths within one or more of the following wavelength ranges: 449 nm – 421 nm, 419 nm + / - 30 nm. nm–400 nm, or 399 nm–380 nm.

[0453] An embodiment may be a wearable eye-compatible device including a filter lens or filter optics, wherein the filter lens or filter optics provides the wearer's eye with 40% or greater, 50% or greater, or 60% or greater light transmittance to the ocular photobiological stimulation light passing through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 450 nm – 520 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, and wherein the filter lens or filter optics further provides 50% or less, 40% or less, or 30% or less of overall visible light transmittance.

[0454] Another embodiment may be a wearable eye-compatible device including a filter lens or filter optics, wherein the filter lens or filter optics provides the eye of the wearer of the wearable eye-compatible device with 40% or more, 50% or more, or 60% or more of the light transmittance to the ocular biostimulatory light passing through the filter lens or filter optics and measured in at least one of the following light wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm or 500 nm + / - 20 nm, and wherein the filter lens or filter optics further provides 50% or less, 40% or less, or 30% or less of the total visible light transmittance.

[0455] For example only, if we consider 2,000 lux to be the total visible light transmittance through a filter or optics, and the light intensity measured through that filter or optics within a filtered wavelength range of 480 nm ± 30 nm is 1,000 lux, then the light transmittance measured through that filter or optics within a wavelength range of 480 nm ± 30 nm will be 50% of the total visible light transmittance. For another example only, if we consider 1,200 lux to be the total visible light transmittance through a filter or optics, and the light intensity measured through that filter or optics within a filtered wavelength range of 480 nm ± 30 nm is 400 lux, then the light transmittance measured through that filter or optics within a wavelength range of 480 nm ± 30 nm will be approximately 33% of the total visible light transmittance. Furthermore, by way of example only, if we consider 1,200 lux to be the total visible light transmittance through a filter or optics, and the light intensity measured through that filter or optics in the wavelength ranges of 480 nm + / - 30 nm and 700 nm + / - 30 nm is 400 lux, then the light transmittance measured through that filter or optics in the wavelength ranges of 480 nm + / - 30 nm and 700 nm + / - 30 nm will be approximately 33% of the total visible light transmittance.

[0456] Another embodiment may be a wearable eye-compatible device including a filter lens or filter optics, wherein the filter lens or filter optics provides the wearer's eye with 40% or greater, 50% or greater, or 60% or greater light transmittance to bio-stimulated light of the eye, measured in the wavelength range of a combination of 450 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm–520 nm, and / or 580 nm + / - 20 nm, and wherein the filter lens or filter optics further provides 50% or less, 40% or less, or 30% or less overall visible light transmittance. Such a lens may be designed to have a light green color.

[0457] Another embodiment may be a wearable eye-compatible device including a filter lens or filter optics, wherein the filter lens or filter optics provides the wearer's eye with 40% or greater, 50% or greater, or 60% or greater light transmittance to bio-stimulated light of the eye, measured in the wavelength range of 450 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm–520 nm, and / or 600 nm + / - 30 nm, and wherein the filter lens or filter optics further provides 50% or less, 40% or less, or 30% or less overall visible light transmittance. Such a lens may be designed to have a reddish-brown color.

[0458] Another embodiment may be a wearable eye-compatible device including a filter lens or filter optics, wherein the filter lens or filter optics provides the wearer's eye with 40% or greater, 50% or greater, or 60% or greater light transmittance to bio-stimulated light of the eye, measured in the wavelength range of 450 nm + / - 30 nm, 450 nm–520 nm, and / or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, and wherein the filter lens or filter optics further provides 50% or less, 40% or less, or 30% or less overall visible light transmittance. Such a lens may be designed to have a light purple hue.

[0459] Another embodiment may be a wearable eye-compatible device including a filter lens or filter optics, wherein the filter lens or filter optics provides the wearer's eye with 50% or more, or 60% or more, of the light transmittance through the filter lens or filter optics in the wavelength range of 650 nm + / - 30 nm for ocular biostimulatory light, and wherein the filter lens or filter optics further provides 50% or less, 40% or less, or 30% or less of the total visible light transmittance.

[0460] Another embodiment may be a wearable eye-compatible device including a filter lens or filter optics, wherein the filter lens or filter optics provides the wearer's eye with 50% or more, or 60% or more, of light transmittance to bio-stimulated light of the eye, measured in the wavelength range of 700 nm + / - 30 nm, passing through the filter lens or filter optics, and wherein the filter lens or filter optics further provides 50% or less, 40% or less, or 30% or less of total visible light transmittance.

[0461] The bio-stimulating light can be transmitted through a filter lens or filter optics, increasing the production of dopamine or serotonin in the eyes and / or brain of the wearer of the wearable eyewear device. The wearable eyewear device can be used alone for everyday wear, or it can be fitted over, behind, or around a second eyewear frame or its lenses, or it can be supported by or releasably attached to a second eyewear frame or its lenses.

[0462] Filtering lenses or filtering optics may include two or more of the following: filters, filter wafers, surface-cast filter layers, absorbing dyes, light absorbers, or any combination thereof. Filtering lenses or filtering optics may include two or more of the following: interference filters, absorption filters, light absorbers, dyes, neutral density filters, bandpass filters, notch filters, or selective blue light filters. Wearable eyewear devices are one of the following: slip-on eyewear, disposable eyewear, clip-on eyewear, magnetically attachable eyewear, press-fit eyewear, roll-up eyewear, electrostatically attachable eyewear, or eyewear. Wearable eyewear devices may be fashion dress glasses or sunglasses.

[0463] Filtered lenses or filtering optics may include optical power or may be plano (without optical power). The overall visible light transmittance through the filtered lenses or filtering optics and spectacle lenses is 40% or less, or 30% or less. Wearable eye-compatible devices can be used in conjunction with a light source having an intensity of 2,000 lux or greater, and wherein the transmitted light intensity is within at least one of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm. nm, or where the light intensity in one of the wavelength range is 300 lux or greater after passing through the last surface of the filter lens or filter optics closest to the wearer's eye.

[0464] Ocular biostimuli transmitted through filtered lenses or filtered optics can increase choroidal thickness and / or reduce axial elongation in wearers of eye-compatible devices. Ocular biostimuli transmitted through filtered lenses or filtered optics can also slow the progression of myopia in wearers of eye-compatible devices.

[0465] The spectacle lens of a second-eye wearing frame may include a central area for correcting the distance vision of a wearer of the wearable eye device, and the spectacle lens of the second-eye wearing frame includes an enlarged negative power area around this central area. The spectacle lens of the second-eye wearing frame may include optical power, optics that provide peripheral visual defocus, or both. The spectacle lens of the second-eye wearing frame may include one or more of the following: optical power, optics that provide peripheral visual light diffusion or dispersion, or both. The spectacle lens of the second-eye wearing frame may include one or more of the following: optical power, optics that reduce peripheral visual contrast, or both.

[0466] Bio-stimulated light transmitted through a filter lens or filter optics can excite rhodopsin in the eye of a wearer of a wearable eye-compatible device. Filtered bio-stimulated light transmitted through a filter lens or filter optics can excite melanopsin in the eye of a wearer of a wearable eye-compatible device. Bio-stimulated light transmitted through a filter lens or filter optics can enhance mitochondrial function in the retina of a wearer of a wearable eye-compatible device. Wearable eye-compatible devices may include one or more of the following: a timer, an alarm, or a wireless communication component. Wearable eye-compatible devices may include biofeedback components. When a wearable eye-compatible device is worn in indoor ambient light, sunlight, or both, the filter lens or filter optics can increase the pupil size of the wearer's eye.

[0467] Filtering lenses or filtering optics: These devices defocus light, disperse light, diffuse light, allow light to pass through with lower or reduced image contrast, or combinations thereof. Filtering lenses or filtering optics may include impregnated tints or dyes. Filtering lenses or filtering optics may include deposited or spin-coated coatings. Filtering lenses or filtering optics may be single-beam lenses or single-beam optics. Filtering lenses or filtering optics may include surface-cast layers that filter light. Surface-cast layers may include one or more of the following: filters, dyes, absorbers, and coatings. Filtering lenses or filtering optics may include one or more of the following: dyes, filters, absorbers, and coatings.

[0468] Filtering lenses or filtering optics may include progressive multifocal lens morphologies. The spectacle lenses of the second-eye wear frame may include single-vision lenses. The spectacle lenses of the second-eye wear frame may include progressive multifocal lens morphologies. The wearable eyewear device may be one of eyeglasses, XR eyewear, contact lenses, intraocular lenses, or corneal implants. The spectacle lenses of the second-eye wear frame may include optical power, and the filtering lenses or filtering optics of the wearable eyewear device may include plano power.

[0469] Including lenses or optics for defocused areas used in ocular biostimulation therapy. The embodiment may be a filtered lens or a clear lens, either of which includes a defocused area. The defocus can be in the form of optical defocus or defocus caused by light scattering or dispersion. In the case of a filtered lens, the filtering effect and the defocused area together provide the desired photobiological stimulation effect. In the case of a non-filtered lens (e.g., a clear lens), the defocused area provides the desired photobiological stimulation effect. Defocus can be used to distribute light wavelengths onto the peripheral retina of the wearer / user. The peripheral retina is the retina located around the central region of the retina (i.e., the macula). As used herein, defocus can be one or more of the following: optical defocus, light scattering, and / or light dispersion.

[0470] The example is a lens, which can be a filter lens. The filter lens can primarily transmit light wavelengths in one or more of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm – 700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, while filtering and blocking wavelengths in one or more of the following wavelength ranges: 449 nm – 421 nm and 419 nm – 400 nm. The filter lens may include a central area, and the defocus area may be located around the central area.

[0471] The defocused zone may begin at the boundary between the periphery of the central zone and the starting point of the adjacent zone. The defocused zone may be formed by annular power steps (see [link]). Figure 26 A defocused area can be formed by negative optical power. A defocused area can also be formed by small lenses (see...). Figure 27 , Figure 28 , Figure 29 and Figure 30The defocused area can be composed of light-scattering elements. The defocused area can be composed of negative optical power, which is either greater negative or smaller positive than the optical power of the central area. The increase in negative optical power relative to the central area's optical power can range from -0.35D to -5.00D. Such a lens can include a downward channel or zone with increasing positive optical power to offset some or all of the added negative power. This downward channel can be connected to a reading area, where the increase in positive optical power relative to the central area's optical power is in the range of +1.00D to +3.25D.

[0472] In some embodiments, the wavelength range includes the peak values ​​of the most sensitive spectral points for rhodopsin (500 nm) and melanopsin (480 nm). Thus, both rhodopsin and melanopsin can be stimulated or excited. For example, this can be achieved by utilizing filtered optics or lenses that transmit primarily in the wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm or 470 nm to 520 nm, or by utilizing a light source or light emitter that transmits primarily in the wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm, 470 nm to 520 nm, or 480 nm–520 nm. This would include blue light wavelengths, blue-green light wavelengths, and green light wavelengths. This may be most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the retina of the eye. This may also be most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the brain by stimulating the retina of the eye.

[0473] The microlens can be constructed with a negative power ranging from -0.35D to -5.00D. The microlens can be aspherical. The defocus region can be constructed from a microlens array. The defocus region can be constructed from a power step. The defocus region can be constructed from a light scattering element. The defocus region can be constructed from liquid crystal. The liquid crystal can be switched on and off by a change in potential. This defocus can be caused by light scattering or by a change in the refractive power of the lens's defocus region. The liquid crystal can be switched to increase or decrease the power. The liquid crystal can be switched to induce light scattering. The liquid crystal can be switched to eliminate most or all light scattering or eliminate any change in power. By utilizing a switchable liquid crystal defocus region, the lens can provide a desired level of photobiological stimulation, which can be turned on or off as needed. The ability to electrically switch liquid crystals to achieve power generation or light scattering is known in the art.

[0474] refer to Figure 26 It illustrates an embodiment of a photobiostimulated filtering defocusing lens, which may include lenses comprising: The central area is used to correct the wearer's distance vision focus, and its size is small enough to establish an effective functional area; The selected fill factor is used to achieve high efficiency while maintaining good wearing comfort; A central area of ​​4 mm – 6 mm; and Additional surface focal length in the range of +0.50D to +3.50D or -0.35D to -5.00D; and This filter can primarily transmit light wavelengths in one or more of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm – 700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, while filtering and blocking wavelengths in one or more of the following wavelength ranges: 449 nm – 421 nm and 419 nm – 400 nm.

[0475] According to embodiments, photobiostimulation lenses can filter and primarily transmit light wavelengths within one or more of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm – 700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, while simultaneously filtering and blocking wavelengths within one or more of the following wavelength ranges: 449 nm – 421 nm and 419 nm – 400 nm. nm.

[0476] In some embodiments, when using filtering optics or filters, the overall light transmittance through the filtering optics or filters may be 50% or less, while the light transmittance to the eye within the main transmission filtering wavelength range may be 50% or greater. In some cases, the pupil of the eye dilates when viewing through the filtering optics or filters, and constricts when the filtering optics or filters are not present.

[0477] In some embodiments, when using filtering optics or filters, the overall light transmittance through the filtering optics or filters may be 40% or less, while the light transmittance to the eye within the main transmission filtering wavelength range may be 40% or greater. In some cases, the pupil of the eye dilates when viewing through the filtering optics or filters, and constricts when the filtering optics or filters are not present.

[0478] In embodiments, when using filtering optics or filters, the overall light transmittance through the filtering optics or filters can be 30% or less, while the light transmittance to the eye's primary transmission wavelength range can be 40% or more. In some cases, the pupil of the eye dilates when viewing through the filtering optics or filters, and constricts when the filtering optics or filters are absent.

[0479] In some embodiments, the wavelength range includes the peak values ​​of the most sensitive spectral points for rhodopsin (500 nm) and melanopsin (480 nm). Thus, both rhodopsin and melanopsin can be stimulated or excited. For example, this can be achieved by utilizing filtered optics or lenses that transmit primarily in the wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm or 470 nm to 520 nm, or by utilizing a light source or light emitter that transmits primarily in the wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm, 470 nm to 520 nm, or 480 nm–520 nm. This would include blue light wavelengths, blue-green light wavelengths, and green light wavelengths. This may be most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the retina of the eye. This may also be most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the brain by stimulating the retina of the eye.

[0480] refer to Figure 27This illustration shows an embodiment of a photobiostimulated defocusing lens, which may include: a spectacle lens employing High Aspheric Lens Target (HALT) technology for myopia correction and control; a central optical zone (9 mm in diameter) for correcting the wearer's distance refractive error; and a peripheral myopia control zone comprising 1021 adjacent (connected) high aspheric microlenses (each 1.12 mm in diameter). Each microlens does not have a single focusing power but rather generates a "defocus volume" as a signal to slow axial elongation. Each of the 11 microlens rings is characterized by adjacent microlenses with similar asphericity, wherein the microlenses in successive rings have different asphericities. The space between the microlens rings provides single-vision correction. The additional power around the central zone ranges from +0.50D to +3.50D or from -0.35D to -5.00D. This filter lens can transmit light wavelengths in one or more of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm – 700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, while filtering and blocking wavelengths in one or more of the following wavelength ranges: 449 nm – 421 nm and 419 nm – 400 nm.

[0481] In some embodiments, the wavelength range includes the peak values ​​of the most sensitive spectral points for rhodopsin (500 nm) and melanopsin (480 nm). Thus, both rhodopsin and melanopsin can be stimulated or excited. For example, this can be achieved by utilizing filtered optics or lenses that transmit primarily within at least one wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm or 470 nm to 520 nm, or by utilizing a light source or light emitter that transmits primarily within at least one wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm, 470 nm to 520 nm, or 480 nm to 520 nm. This would include blue light wavelengths, blue-green light wavelengths, and green light wavelengths. This is likely most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the retina of the eye. It is also likely most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the brain by stimulating the retina of the eye.

[0482] refer to Figure 28 The illustration shows an embodiment of a photobiostimulated defocusing lens, which may include: a spectacle lens employing multi-zone positive optical defocusing (DIMS) technology for myopia correction and control; a central optical zone (9 mm in diameter) for correcting the wearer's distance refractive error; and a peripheral treatment zone having a honeycomb microlens array (each 1.03 mm in diameter). The relative positive power of these microlenses is in the range of +0.50D to +3.50D. This filter lens can primarily transmit light wavelengths in one or more of the following wavelength ranges: 480 nm + / - 30 nm, 490 nm + / - 5 nm, 490 nm + / - 10 nm, 490 nm + / - 20 nm, 490 nm + / - 30 nm, 495 nm + / - 5 nm, 495 nm + / - 10 nm, 495 nm + / - 20 nm, 495 nm + / - 30 nm, 500 nm + / - 5 nm, 500 nm + / - 10 nm, 500 nm + / - 20 nm, 500 nm + / - 30 nm, 650 nm + / - 30 nm, or 600 nm – 700 nm, or 700 nm + / - 30 nm, while filtering and blocking wavelengths in one or more of the following wavelength ranges: 449 nm – 421 nm and 419 nm – 400 nm.

[0483] In some embodiments, the wavelength range includes the peak values ​​of the most sensitive spectral points for rhodopsin (500 nm) and melanopsin (480 nm). Thus, both rhodopsin and melanopsin can be stimulated or excited. For example, this can be achieved by utilizing filtered optics or lenses that transmit primarily in the wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm or 470 nm to 520 nm, or by utilizing a light source or light emitter that transmits primarily in the wavelength range of 460 nm–520 nm, 470 nm to 520 nm, or 480 nm–520 nm. This would include blue light wavelengths, blue-green light wavelengths, and green light wavelengths. This may be most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the retina of the eye. This may also be most beneficial when stimulating the production of increased dopamine in the brain by stimulating the retina of the eye.

[0484] refer to Figure 29 This illustration shows an embodiment of a photobiostimulated defocusing lens, which may include: a spectacl...

Claims

1. A sunglasses lens, comprising a filter, wherein the sunglasses lens transmits light intensities of 350 lux or greater, 400 lux or greater, or 500 lux or greater in a light wavelength range having a light transmittance of 45% or greater of the transmittance of the sunglasses lens, wherein, The wavelength range of light covers most of the absorption curves or spectra of melanopsin and rhodopsin and also partially covers the absorption curves or spectra of at least a portion of the opsins in the visual cones of the eye, wherein the sunglasses lens provides 3% to 18% of total visible light transmittance through the sunglasses lens, and wherein the sunglasses lens provides light wavelength transmission that blends color balance, thereby allowing the sunglasses lens to pass or meet the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and / or the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) sunglasses traffic light tests.

2. The sunglasses lens as described in claim 1, wherein, The intensity of the transmitted light and the wavelengths of light within the range of light wavelengths covering most of the absorption curve of the melanopsin and / or rhodopsin and also partially covering a portion of the absorption curve of the cone opsin cause dopamine production in the eye of the wearer of the sunglasses, increase dopamine production in the eye of the wearer of the sunglasses, or both cause dopamine production and increase dopamine production.

3. The sunglasses lens as described in claim 1, wherein, The ratio of (a) transmitted light to (b) total visible light transmitted by the sunglasses lens in the range covering most of the absorption curves or spectra of the melanopsin and rhodopsin is 2.0 or greater.

4. The sunglasses lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The visible light range that covers most of the absorption curves or spectra of the melanopsin and rhodopsin and partially covers the absorption curve of the cone opsin is in the range of 450 nm–530 nm.

5. The sunglasses lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The transmittance color balance of the light wavelength from the sunglasses lens provides a red traffic signal transmittance of greater than or equal to 8%.

6. The sunglasses lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The transmittance color balance of the light wavelengths from the sunglasses lens provides a yellow traffic signal transmittance of greater than or equal to 9%.

7. The sunglasses lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The transmittance color balance of the light wavelengths from the sunglasses lens provides a green traffic signal transmittance of greater than or equal to 12%.

8. The sunglasses lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The sunglasses lenses transmit 450 lux or more in the wavelength range of 450 nm–520 nm when worn outdoors in sunlight of 1,000 lux or greater from morning to sunset.

9. The sunglasses lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The sunglasses lenses transmit 450 lux or more in the wavelength range of 450 nm–520 nm when worn outdoors in sunlight of 10,000 lux or greater from morning to sunset.

10. The sunglasses lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein, When worn outdoors in shaded conditions with 1,000 lux or greater sunlight from morning to sunset, the sunglasses lenses transmit 450 lux or greater in the wavelength range of 450 nm–530 nm.

11. The sunglasses lens of claim 1, further comprising a surface-cast filter layer.

12. The sunglasses lens of claim 11, wherein, The surface-cast filter layer is planar in optical power, and the thickness of the layer is 1.0 mm or less, 0.75 mm or less, or 0.50 mm or less.

13. The sunglasses lens as claimed in claim 11, wherein, The surface-cast filter layer includes at least one of a colorant, a dye, or a light absorber.

14. The sunglasses lens of claim 1, further comprising three or more of the following: a colorant, a dye, an absorbent, an interference filter, a bandpass filter, a notch filter, a neutral density filter, an antireflective coating, and / or a scratch-resistant coating.

15. The sunglasses lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The wavelength of light transmitted by the sunglasses lens in the range of 450 nm–530 nm causes the pupil of the wearer to remain constricted when the wearer wears the sunglasses lens in sunlight.

16. A sunglasses lens, comprising a filter, wherein the sunglasses lens transmits light intensities of 350 lux or greater, 400 lux or greater, or 500 lux or greater in a light wavelength range having a light transmittance of 45% or greater, wherein, The wavelength range of light covers most of the absorption curves or spectra of melanopsin and rhodopsin and also partially covers the absorption curves or spectra of at least a portion of the opsins in the visual cones of the eye, wherein the sunglasses lens provides 18% to 43% of the total visible light transmittance through the sunglasses lens, and wherein the sunglasses lens provides light wavelength transmission that blends color balance, thereby allowing the sunglasses lens to pass or meet ISO and / or ANSI sunglasses traffic light tests.

17. The sunglasses lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The intensity of the transmitted light and the wavelengths of light within the wavelength range covering most of the absorption curves or spectra of the melanopsin and rhodopsin, and also partially covering a portion of the absorption curves or spectra of the cone opsin, cause the production of dopamine in the eyes of the wearer of the sunglasses, increase the production of dopamine in the eyes of the wearer of the sunglasses, or both cause the production of dopamine and increase the production of dopamine.

18. The sunglasses lens of claim 16, wherein, The ratio of (a) transmitted light to (b) total visible light transmitted by the sunglasses lens in the range covering most of the absorption curves or spectra of the melanopsin and rhodopsin is 2.0 or greater.

19. The sunglasses lens of claim 16, wherein, The visible light range that covers most of the absorption curves or spectra of the melanopsin and rhodopsin and partially covers the absorption curve of the cone opsin is in the range of 450 nm–530 nm.

20. The sunglasses lens as claimed in claim 16, wherein, The transmittance color balance of the light wavelength from the sunglasses lens provides a red traffic signal transmittance of greater than or equal to 8%.

21. The sunglasses lens as claimed in claim 16, wherein, The transmittance color balance of the light wavelengths from the sunglasses lens provides a yellow traffic signal transmittance of greater than or equal to 9%.

22. The sunglasses lens as claimed in claim 16, wherein, The transmittance color balance of the light wavelengths from the sunglasses lens provides a green traffic signal transmittance of greater than or equal to 12%.

23. The sunglasses lens as claimed in claim 16, wherein, When worn outdoors in sunlight of 1,000 lux or greater during the morning hours until sunset, the sunglasses lenses transmit 450 lux or greater in the wavelength range of 450 nm–520 nm.

24. The sunglasses lens of claim 16, wherein, When worn outdoors in sunlight of 10,000 lux or greater during the morning hours until sunset, the sunglasses lenses transmit 450 lux or greater in the wavelength range of 450 nm–520 nm.

25. The sunglasses lens as claimed in claim 16, wherein, When worn outdoors in shaded conditions with 1,000 lux or greater sunlight from morning until sunset, the sunglasses lenses transmit 450 lux or greater in wavelengths ranging from 450 nm to 530 nm.

26. The sunglasses lens of claim 16, further comprising a surface-cast filter layer.

27. The sunglasses lens of claim 26, wherein, The surface-cast filter layer is planar in optical power, and the thickness of the layer is 1.0 mm or less, 0.75 mm or less, or 0.50 mm or less.

28. The sunglasses lens as claimed in claim 26, wherein, The surface-cast filter layer includes at least one of a colorant, a dye, or a light absorber.

29. The sunglasses lens of claim 16, further comprising three or more of the following: a colorant, a dye, an absorbent, an interference filter, a bandpass filter, a notch filter, a neutral density filter, an antireflective coating, and / or a scratch-resistant coating.

30. The sunglasses lens of claim 16, wherein, The wavelength of light transmitted by the sunglasses lens in the range of 450 nm–530 nm causes the pupil of the wearer to remain constricted when the wearer wears the sunglasses lens in sunlight.

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