A method and system for measuring the excess height of a longitudinal seam of a cylinder, and a storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of cylinder longitudinal weld excess height measurement method, system and storage medium, method includes: first, build the measurement system containing mechanical measurement component and data processing unit, input cylinder design radius and support span parameter, calculate theoretical chord height benchmark value by geometric error compensation model, establish the virtual measurement zero point of eliminating the influence of cylinder curvature.Again, the original mechanical displacement and deflection angle are measured by mechanical component and transmitted to data unit.Data unit first does cosine error correction to original displacement, then eliminates cylinder curvature interference by curvature compensation operation, and separates out the real displacement component of weld excess height.Finally, according to the real component, the actual excess height is calculated, compared with the standard threshold to determine the eligibility, record the output maximum peak, complete weld excess height quantitative evaluation.Provides reliable technical support for welding quality detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of welding quality inspection technology, and more specifically, relates to a method, system and storage medium for measuring the residual height of longitudinal weld seams in cylindrical bodies. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing and quality inspection processes of cylindrical components such as pressure vessels, industrial pipelines, and nuclear power equipment, longitudinal welds are critical connection points ensuring the structural integrity of the cylindrical structure. Weld reinforcement height is a core indicator for judging the quality of welding and the mechanical properties of the structure. Whether the reinforcement height meets the standards directly affects the load-bearing capacity and long-term service safety of the cylindrical structure. Accurate measurement and standardized evaluation of longitudinal weld reinforcement height are essential steps in controlling product quality in industrial production.

[0003] Currently, the detection of longitudinal weld reinforcement height in cylindrical bodies mostly relies on traditional manual measuring tools or direct detection using conventional displacement sensors. However, this approach has significant limitations in practical applications. The cylindrical surface is a curved arc, and traditional measuring tools cannot establish a stable measurement reference on curved workpieces. Manual operation is highly subjective, making it difficult to guarantee the consistency and accuracy of measurement results. When using conventional displacement sensors for direct measurement, no error processing is performed to account for the curvature of the cylindrical body. The sensor probe experiences additional pre-compression due to the curved surface structure, resulting in spurious displacement signals caused by curvature being mixed into the measurement data, making it impossible to obtain the true value of the weld reinforcement height.

[0004] During measurement, handheld inspection devices are prone to attitude deflection, and the resulting angular errors further reduce measurement accuracy. Existing technologies lack real-time correction methods for attitude errors. The curvature changes of small-radius cylinders are more drastic, further amplifying measurement deviations. Furthermore, traditional inspection methods are mostly single-point manual inspections, making it difficult to complete continuous data acquisition along the weld length. This fails to fully capture the distribution characteristics and peak data of the weld reinforcement, resulting in a lack of comprehensive and reliable data support for weld quality assessment.

[0005] With the increasing demands for welding quality and inspection efficiency in the industrial manufacturing sector, traditional measurement methods are no longer adequate for the high-precision, automated, and standardized inspection requirements. Issues such as curvature interference, posture errors, and data distortion have long hampered the accuracy and efficiency of longitudinal weld quality inspection in cylindrical structures. To overcome these practical challenges, improve the reliability of weld reinforcement measurement, achieve standardized and quantitative evaluation of longitudinal weld reinforcement in cylindrical structures, and ensure the production quality and safety of cylindrical components, developing a precise measurement method that eliminates curvature and posture interference is of significant practical importance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to solve practical problems such as cylinder curvature interference, measurement posture deviation, and data distortion in the measurement of longitudinal weld reinforcement height of cylinders. By establishing a geometric error compensation model to eliminate systematic errors, the true displacement component of weld reinforcement height is accurately separated, realizing automated, high-precision measurement and quantitative evaluation of welding quality, improving detection efficiency and result reliability, and ensuring the production quality and service safety of cylinder components.

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the prior art, as a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for measuring the residual height of longitudinal weld seams in a cylinder, comprising: S1. Construct a measurement system that includes mechanical measurement components and a data processing unit; before the measurement operation, obtain the design radius parameters of the cylinder to be measured and the span parameters between the support components, and input the design radius parameters and span parameters into the data processing unit, so as to calculate the theoretical chord height benchmark value corresponding to the curvature of the cylinder through the geometric error compensation model, thereby establishing a virtual measurement zero point to eliminate the influence of the cylinder curvature inside the data processing unit; S2. The original mechanical displacement and deflection angle are measured based on the mechanical measurement component, and the original mechanical displacement and deflection angle are transmitted to the data processing unit; S3. The data processing unit calls the geometric error compensation model to solve the received original mechanical displacement, including: first, performing cosine error correction on the original mechanical displacement according to the deflection angle to obtain the displacement value after attitude correction; then, using the theoretical chord height reference value, performing curvature compensation calculation on the displacement value after attitude correction to eliminate the probe pre-compression or geometric gap caused by the curvature of the cylinder arc, thereby separating the true displacement component caused only by the weld reinforcement. S4. Based on the actual displacement components, calculate and output the actual residual height value of the longitudinal weld; the data processing unit compares the actual residual height value with the preset welding quality standard threshold to generate a measurement qualification judgment result; and when moving the measurement along the weld length direction, record and output the maximum peak value data of the weld residual height to complete the quantitative evaluation of the residual height of the longitudinal weld of the cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, the mechanical measurement component in S1 includes two support members, a rigid crossbeam connecting the support members, and a displacement sensor disposed in the middle of the crossbeam; the data processing unit is pre-set with a geometric error compensation model based on the principle of circular arc chord height.

[0009] Furthermore, the geometric error compensation model in S1 calculates the theoretical chord height reference value. The mathematical expression is: Among them, variables The design radius parameter of the cylinder to be tested is represented by the variable. This represents the horizontal span parameter between the two contact points of the support members; the data processing unit will calculate the... The value is stored as a base register value and used as a subtraction factor in S3.

[0010] Furthermore, the specific process for measuring the original mechanical displacement and deflection angle in S2 is as follows: The mechanical measuring component is connected across the longitudinal weld seam area of ​​the cylinder to be measured, so that the two support members are respectively attached to the surface of the cylinder base material on both sides of the longitudinal weld seam, and the probe of the displacement sensor is abutted against the highest point of the longitudinal weld seam. To maintain the stability of the device's posture, the displacement sensor collects the original mechanical displacement of the probe relative to the rigid crossbeam in real time. At the same time, the attitude detection module obtains the deflection angle of the device relative to the cylinder axis. The attitude detection module includes a built-in tilt sensor or gyroscope.

[0011] Furthermore, S2 also includes: During the continuous movement of the measuring device along the weld length, multiple sets of original mechanical displacement and deflection angle data are collected synchronously at a preset sampling frequency. These multiple sets of data are then packaged and transmitted to the data processing unit for continuous calculation, generating a distribution curve of the weld reinforcement along the length direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the mechanical measurement component in S1 also includes a detachable probe head, the end of which has a spherical structure; the curvature compensation calculation further includes introducing a probe end radius compensation value. This is used to correct the influence of the probe ball head radius on the measurement extreme points, ensuring the calculation accuracy of the true displacement components.

[0013] Furthermore, the curvature compensation operation in S3 also includes probe tip effect correction; set up Let be the radius of the ball head at the tip of the displacement sensor probe. The corrected true displacement component is the actual displacement component caused solely by weld reinforcement. The final solution model is: in Based on cylinder radius and span The calculated central angle; this step is used to compensate for the height deviation caused by the non-geometric cusp of the contact point between the probe ball and the weld apex.

[0014] Furthermore, in S1, the data processing unit processes the input design radius parameters. It automatically determines the curvature level of the cylinder; when When the value is less than the first preset threshold, the system automatically activates the higher-order curvature compensation algorithm to increase the sampling frequency in order to capture the characteristics of welds with drastic curvature changes. when When the value exceeds the second preset threshold, the system determines that the cylinder is approximately a flat plate structure, automatically simplifies the geometric error compensation model, and adjusts the theoretical chord height reference value. Set to zero to optimize data processing speed.

[0015] As a second aspect of this law, a system for measuring the excess height of longitudinal weld seams in a cylindrical shell is also provided, comprising: The system initialization and benchmark establishment unit is used to construct a measurement system that includes mechanical measurement components and a data processing unit. Before the measurement operation, the design radius parameters of the cylinder to be measured and the span parameters between the support components are obtained, and the design radius parameters and span parameters are entered into the data processing unit. The theoretical chord height benchmark value corresponding to the curvature of the cylinder is calculated through the geometric error compensation model, thereby establishing a virtual measurement zero point that eliminates the influence of the cylinder curvature within the data processing unit. The raw data acquisition and transmission unit is used to complete the measurement of the raw mechanical displacement and deflection angle based on the mechanical measurement component, and transmit the raw mechanical displacement and deflection angle to the data processing unit. The error correction and curvature compensation unit is used by the data processing unit to call the geometric error compensation model to solve the received original mechanical displacement. This includes: firstly, performing cosine error correction on the original mechanical displacement based on the deflection angle to obtain the displacement value after attitude correction; then, using the theoretical chord height reference value, performing curvature compensation calculation on the displacement value after attitude correction to eliminate the probe pre-compression or geometric gap caused by the curvature of the cylinder arc, thereby separating the true displacement component caused only by the weld reinforcement. The reinforcement height calculation and quality assessment unit is used to calculate and output the actual reinforcement height value of the longitudinal weld based on the real displacement component; the data processing unit compares the actual reinforcement height value with the preset welding quality standard threshold to generate the measurement qualification judgment result; and when moving the measurement along the weld length direction, it records and outputs the maximum peak value data of the weld reinforcement height to complete the quantitative evaluation of the longitudinal weld reinforcement height of the cylinder.

[0016] As a third aspect of the invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, on which a computer program is stored, which is executed by a processor as described in any one of the claims, a method for measuring the excess height of longitudinal weld seams in a cylindrical body.

[0017] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. The method for measuring the longitudinal weld height of a cylindrical body according to the present invention constructs a measurement system including mechanical measurement components and a data processing unit. Before the measurement operation, the design radius parameters of the cylindrical body to be measured and the span parameters of the support components are collected and entered into the data processing unit. The theoretical chord height benchmark value corresponding to the curvature of the cylindrical body is calculated using a geometric error compensation model. A virtual measurement zero point is established inside the data processing unit to eliminate the influence of the curvature of the cylindrical body. The geometric interference caused by the curvature of the cylindrical body itself can be transformed into fixed benchmark parameters. The systematic error caused by curvature is eliminated from the initial measurement stage, providing a unified and accurate measurement benchmark for subsequent displacement data calculation. It adapts to the benchmark establishment requirements of cylindrical bodies with different radius specifications, ensures that the benchmark parameters are highly consistent with the geometric features of the workpiece to be measured, avoids the measurement benchmark deviation caused by the curvature, and provides reliable pre-support for subsequent data correction and actual weld height calculation.

[0018] 2. The method for measuring the residual height of the longitudinal weld seam of the cylinder of the present invention completes the measurement of the original mechanical displacement and deflection angle through a mechanical measurement component. The collected original mechanical displacement and deflection angle data are synchronously transmitted to the data processing unit. When moving along the weld seam length direction for measurement, multiple sets of data are synchronously collected at a preset sampling frequency and packaged and transmitted. This method can completely obtain the original displacement and device attitude data of the weld seam area, providing a comprehensive and continuous data source for subsequent error correction. It ensures that the data collection covers the entire length range of the weld seam. At the same time, the synchronous collection of attitude data can completely record the device deflection state during the measurement process, avoiding the lack of key parameters in subsequent correction due to single data collection. This ensures the integrity and synchronization of the original data and provides sufficient data support for attitude correction and curvature compensation.

[0019] 3. The method for measuring the longitudinal weld height of the cylinder of the present invention calls the geometric error compensation model through the data processing unit. First, the original mechanical displacement is corrected by cosine error based on the deflection angle to obtain the attitude correction displacement value. Then, the curvature compensation calculation is completed using the theoretical chord height reference value to eliminate the probe pre-compression and geometric gap caused by the curvature of the cylinder, and the real displacement component caused only by the weld height is separated. The actual height value is calculated based on the real displacement component, and it is compared with the welding quality standard threshold to generate a qualified judgment result. At the same time, the maximum peak value of the weld height is recorded and output to eliminate the error of attitude deflection, extract the real data of weld height, and complete the quantitative evaluation of the longitudinal weld height, so as to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results and the objectivity of the evaluation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for measuring the residual height of the longitudinal weld seam in the cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the calibration of the testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal weld reinforcement measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the system units in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0022] Example 1 Please refer to Figure 1 This embodiment 1 provides a method for measuring the residual height of longitudinal weld seams in a cylindrical body, including: S1. Construct a measurement system that includes mechanical measurement components and a data processing unit; before the measurement operation, obtain the design radius parameters of the cylinder to be measured and the span parameters between the support components, and input the design radius parameters and span parameters into the data processing unit, so as to calculate the theoretical chord height benchmark value corresponding to the curvature of the cylinder through the geometric error compensation model, thereby establishing a virtual measurement zero point to eliminate the influence of the cylinder curvature inside the data processing unit; S2. The original mechanical displacement and deflection angle are measured based on the mechanical measurement component, and the original mechanical displacement and deflection angle are transmitted to the data processing unit; S3. The data processing unit calls the geometric error compensation model to solve the received original mechanical displacement, including: first, performing cosine error correction on the original mechanical displacement according to the deflection angle to obtain the displacement value after attitude correction; then, using the theoretical chord height reference value, performing curvature compensation calculation on the displacement value after attitude correction to eliminate the probe pre-compression or geometric gap caused by the curvature of the cylinder arc, thereby separating the true displacement component caused only by the weld reinforcement. S4. Based on the actual displacement components, calculate and output the actual residual height value of the longitudinal weld; the data processing unit compares the actual residual height value with the preset welding quality standard threshold to generate a measurement qualification judgment result; and when moving the measurement along the weld length direction, record and output the maximum peak value data of the weld residual height to complete the quantitative evaluation of the residual height of the longitudinal weld of the cylinder.

[0023] This embodiment 1 further elaborates on the above process.

[0024] (1) System initialization and baseline establishment The curved surface of the cylinder makes it difficult to establish a stable benchmark for measuring the longitudinal weld reinforcement. The geometric deviation caused by the curvature directly affects the measurement accuracy; therefore, the construction and initialization of the measurement system must be completed first. Please refer to... Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 In this embodiment, a dedicated measurement system consisting of a mechanical measurement component and a data processing unit is first constructed. The mechanical measurement component includes two support members, a rigid crossbeam connecting the support members, and a displacement sensor and a detachable spherical probe head set in the middle of the crossbeam. The data processing unit has a built-in geometric error compensation model based on the principle of circular arc chord height, which provides the hardware and algorithm basis for subsequent benchmark calculation and error correction.

[0025] Before formal measurement, key geometric parameters need to be collected, including the design radius of the cylinder to be measured and the horizontal span parameters of the contact points of the support components, which are then entered into the data processing unit. The data processing unit calculates the theoretical chord height benchmark value that adapts to the curvature of the cylinder based on the geometric error compensation model. The mathematical expression is: Among them, variables The design radius parameter of the cylinder to be tested is represented by the variable. This represents the horizontal span parameter between the two contact points of the support members; and this value is stored in the reference register as the core basis for subsequent deduction of curvature interference.

[0026] When the mechanical measurement component contains a spherical probe head, it is necessary to introduce a probe tip radius compensation value to correct the measurement deviation caused when the spherical probe contacts the extreme point of the weld, so as to ensure the calculation accuracy of the true displacement component.

[0027] In other preferred embodiments, the data processing unit will also automatically determine the curvature level based on the cylindrical body design radius. When the radius is less than the first preset threshold, that is, when the radius is too small and the curvature changes drastically, the system automatically activates the higher-order curvature compensation algorithm and increases the sampling frequency to capture the weld features with drastic curvature changes. when When the radius is greater than the second preset threshold, i.e., when the curved surface is approximately flat due to its large radius, the system determines that the cylinder is approximately a flat structure, automatically simplifies the geometric error compensation model, and adjusts the theoretical chord height reference value. Set to zero to optimize data processing speed.

[0028] Finally, a virtual measurement zero point is established within the data processing unit to completely eliminate the influence of the cylinder curvature on the measurement reference. In this embodiment, the virtual measurement zero point does not refer to the mechanical zero point when the displacement sensor probe is in physical contact with the surface of the cylinder under test, but rather to an idealized reference plane constructed by the data processing unit at the logical operation level. Specifically, the value of this virtual zero point is set to the theoretical chord height reference value. The corresponding spatial location. Geometrically, this location corresponds to the line connecting the two support points of the measuring component (i.e., the span). The vertical distance of the chord line (where it lies) relative to the vertex of the theoretical arc of the cylinder. This theoretical chord height value is then used to determine the vertical distance. The default is a logical "0" scale. In fact, the data processing unit establishes an "equivalent plane reference after removing the curvature effect" inside the system.

[0029] The core reason for establishing this virtual measurement zero point is to solve the technical challenge of "missing reference plane" in the measurement of large-diameter cylinders. Because the surface of the cylinder under test has curvature, the base of the measuring component is actually a chord spanning the arc, rather than being fitted onto a plane. If the physical contact point of the sensor is directly used as the zero point, the measured raw displacement data will inevitably include a huge background height (i.e., chord height) caused by the cylinder's curvature, making it impossible to directly distinguish the minute weld reinforcement values. By establishing a virtual measurement zero point within the data processing unit that eliminates the influence of the cylinder's curvature, it is equivalent to pre-subtracting the cylinder's curvature component at the algorithm level. This makes the subsequently calculated true displacement components... It can directly reflect the height of the weld relative to the base material surface, thereby eliminating measurement errors caused by changes in the cylinder diameter and realizing universal measurement without the need to make special physical calibration blocks for each pipe diameter.

[0030] (2) Raw data acquisition and transmission After system initialization and baseline establishment are completed, raw data acquisition and transmission are required. The measurement of the residual height of the longitudinal weld seam in the cylinder is easily affected by the device's attitude deviation. Acquiring only a single displacement data point cannot guarantee measurement accuracy; continuous data acquisition is necessary to fully reflect the variation of the residual height along the entire weld seam length. The measurement work is carried out using the established mechanical measurement components and data processing unit.

[0031] When collecting data, the mechanical measuring component is connected across the longitudinal weld seam area of ​​the cylinder to be measured, so that the two support members are respectively attached to the surface of the cylinder base material on both sides of the longitudinal weld seam, thereby forming a stable measuring support, and the probe of the displacement sensor is abutted against the highest point of the longitudinal weld seam. While maintaining a stable device posture, the displacement sensor collects the original mechanical displacement of the probe relative to the rigid crossbeam in real time, and the attitude detection module obtains the deflection angle of the device relative to the cylinder axis. The attitude detection module includes a built-in tilt sensor or gyroscope.

[0032] During the continuous movement of the measuring device along the longitudinal weld length, the system synchronously collects multiple sets of raw mechanical displacement and deflection angle data at a preset sampling frequency, ensuring the continuity and synchronization of data acquisition. After acquisition, multiple sets of data are packaged and transmitted to the data processing unit. The data processing unit continuously processes the received data, ultimately generating a distribution curve of the weld reinforcement along the weld length, providing comprehensive and continuous data support for subsequent error correction, reinforcement calculation, and quality assessment.

[0033] (3) Error correction and curvature compensation The raw displacement data is affected by the attitude deflection of the measuring device, and direct use will result in projection errors, failing to reflect the true weld characteristics. Therefore, attitude error correction is required first. The data processing unit calls the built-in geometric error compensation model to first perform cosine error correction on the raw mechanical displacement based on the acquired deflection angle, obtaining the attitude-corrected displacement value. The cosine error correction is specifically implemented through the following algorithm logic: set up Let the deflection angle be the angle between the main axis of the measuring device and the radial perpendicular line of the cylinder. Given the original mechanical displacement, the displacement value after attitude correction is... The calculation formula is: The data processing unit monitors the deflection angle value in real time. When the angle exceeds the preset allowable range, the system automatically issues an attitude alarm. When the angle is within the compliant range, the system completes the correction calculation to eliminate the projection error caused by the attitude deflection.

[0034] After attitude correction, the curvature of the cylinder will cause pre-compression or geometric gaps in the probe, and the displacement data will still contain interference components from non-weld reinforcement, requiring curvature compensation calculations. The curvature compensation calculations specifically include: Execute the differential separation algorithm to obtain the attitude-corrected displacement value. Considered as a mixed signal including the curvature component of the cylinder, the theoretical chord height reference value is... Consider it as curvature background noise; The following formula is used to calculate the true displacement component caused only by weld reinforcement. : in, The system's preset zero-point calibration constant; the data processing unit is configured to: when the calculated zero-point calibration constant is obtained... When the value is negative, it indicates a weld depression or bevel residue; when... When the value is positive, it is determined that the location is a weld reinforcement protrusion, and... The numerical value will serve as the final quantitative evaluation basis.

[0035] Meanwhile, in another preferred embodiment, when the end of the detachable probe tip is a spherical structure, a probe tip radius compensation value is introduced to correct the height deviation caused by the spherical probe tip contacting the weld apex, thereby improving calculation accuracy. The curvature compensation calculation also includes probe tip effect correction; set up Let be the radius of the ball head at the tip of the displacement sensor probe. The corrected true displacement component is the actual displacement component caused solely by weld reinforcement. The final solution model is: in Based on cylinder radius and span The calculated central angle; this step is used to compensate for the height deviation caused by the non-geometric cusp of the contact point between the probe ball and the weld apex.

[0036] Furthermore, the data processing unit matches appropriate compensation strategies for cylinders with different curvatures, making the compensation effect more consistent with the actual measurement scenario. For cylinders with small radii and drastic curvature changes, the system automatically activates a high-order curvature compensation algorithm to increase the sampling frequency and fully capture weld features. This algorithm is based on Taylor series expansion and is used to correct nonlinear geometric errors under large-span measurements. The data processing unit calculates the cylinder curvature... The higher-order terms, for the displacement value after attitude correction. Compensation will be provided, including Its compensation model expression is: in, This is the higher-order theoretical string height correction value. For the design radius, For the span; the data processing unit utilizes this The theoretical chord height reference value of the alternative basis is subtracted to eliminate curvature truncation errors caused by higher-order terms.

[0037] For cylindrical structures with large radii and approximate flat plate structures, the system automatically simplifies the compensation model, setting the theoretical chord height reference value to zero to optimize processing speed. Through layered compensation calculations, errors caused by curvature and probe contact are completely eliminated, ultimately yielding the true displacement components that can be used for quantitative evaluation.

[0038] (4) Calculation of remaining height and quality assessment The true displacement components, obtained after error correction and curvature compensation, have eliminated all interfering factors such as attitude deflection, cylinder curvature, and probe contact, and can accurately reflect the height characteristics of the longitudinal weld. Based on this, the calculation of weld reinforcement height and quality assessment can be carried out, ensuring that the welding quality judgment results are objective and reliable. The data processing unit calculates and outputs the actual reinforcement height value of the longitudinal weld based on the true displacement components, and then compares the actual reinforcement height value with the preset welding quality standard threshold. Based on the comparison results, the measurement qualification judgment result is directly generated, clearly determining whether the weld reinforcement height meets the quality specification requirements.

[0039] When continuously moving and measuring along the length of the weld, single-point residual height data cannot fully reflect the quality of the entire weld; therefore, key peak data needs to be extracted as the final evaluation criterion. The data processing unit constructs a sliding time window, within which it processes the continuously generated sequence of actual residual height values. Perform extreme value search by analyzing the rate of change of values ​​between adjacent sampling points. It identifies local maxima in weld reinforcement and automatically removes spurious peaks caused by spatter or measurement noise on the cylinder surface, thus avoiding invalid data from interfering with the evaluation results.

[0040] After removing spurious peaks, the system locks the global maximum value from the effective local maxima. The data processing unit will record and output the maximum peak value of the weld reinforcement height, and combine it with the qualification judgment results to form a complete evaluation. Finally, it will complete the quantitative evaluation of the longitudinal weld reinforcement height of the cylinder, providing accurate and reliable data support for the welding quality acceptance and safety management of the cylinder components.

[0041] Example 2 Please refer to Figure 4 This embodiment 2 provides a system for measuring the height of longitudinal weld seams in a cylindrical body, comprising: The system initialization and benchmark establishment unit is used to construct a measurement system that includes mechanical measurement components and a data processing unit. Before the measurement operation, the design radius parameters of the cylinder to be measured and the span parameters between the support components are obtained, and the design radius parameters and span parameters are entered into the data processing unit. The theoretical chord height benchmark value corresponding to the curvature of the cylinder is calculated through the geometric error compensation model, thereby establishing a virtual measurement zero point that eliminates the influence of the cylinder curvature within the data processing unit. The raw data acquisition and transmission unit is used to complete the measurement of the raw mechanical displacement and deflection angle based on the mechanical measurement component, and transmit the raw mechanical displacement and deflection angle to the data processing unit. The error correction and curvature compensation unit is used by the data processing unit to call the geometric error compensation model to solve the received original mechanical displacement. This includes: firstly, performing cosine error correction on the original mechanical displacement based on the deflection angle to obtain the displacement value after attitude correction; then, using the theoretical chord height reference value, performing curvature compensation calculation on the displacement value after attitude correction to eliminate the probe pre-compression or geometric gap caused by the curvature of the cylinder arc, thereby separating the true displacement component caused only by the weld reinforcement. The reinforcement height calculation and quality assessment unit is used to calculate and output the actual reinforcement height value of the longitudinal weld based on the real displacement component; the data processing unit compares the actual reinforcement height value with the preset welding quality standard threshold to generate the measurement qualification judgment result; and when moving the measurement along the weld length direction, it records and outputs the maximum peak value data of the weld reinforcement height to complete the quantitative evaluation of the longitudinal weld reinforcement height of the cylinder.

[0042] Example 3 This embodiment 3 also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, can implement any step of a method for measuring the height of longitudinal weld seams in a cylinder.

[0043] The computer-readable storage medium may include various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0044] For a description of the computer-readable storage medium provided in this application, please refer to the above method embodiments; further details will not be repeated here.

[0045] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the height of longitudinal weld seams in a cylindrical body, characterized in that, include: S1. Construct a measurement system that includes mechanical measurement components and a data processing unit; Before the measurement operation, the design radius parameters of the cylinder to be measured and the span parameters between the support components are obtained, and the design radius parameters and span parameters are entered into the data processing unit. The theoretical chord height benchmark value corresponding to the curvature of the cylinder is calculated through the geometric error compensation model, thereby establishing a virtual measurement zero point to eliminate the influence of the cylinder curvature within the data processing unit. S2. The original mechanical displacement and deflection angle are measured based on the mechanical measurement component, and the original mechanical displacement and deflection angle are transmitted to the data processing unit; S3. The data processing unit calls the geometric error compensation model to solve the received original mechanical displacement, including: first, performing cosine error correction on the original mechanical displacement according to the deflection angle to obtain the displacement value after attitude correction; then, using the theoretical chord height reference value, performing curvature compensation calculation on the displacement value after attitude correction to eliminate the probe pre-compression or geometric gap caused by the curvature of the cylinder arc, thereby separating the true displacement component caused only by the weld reinforcement. S4. Based on the actual displacement components, calculate and output the actual residual height value of the longitudinal weld; the data processing unit compares the actual residual height value with the preset welding quality standard threshold to generate a measurement qualification judgment result; and when moving the measurement along the weld length direction, record and output the maximum peak value data of the weld residual height to complete the quantitative evaluation of the residual height of the longitudinal weld of the cylinder.

2. The method for measuring the residual height of longitudinal weld seams in a cylindrical body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical measurement component in S1 includes two support members, a rigid crossbeam connecting the support members, and a displacement sensor disposed in the middle of the crossbeam; the data processing unit is pre-loaded with a geometric error compensation model based on the principle of circular arc chord height.

3. The method for measuring the residual height of longitudinal weld seams in a cylindrical body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The geometric error compensation model in S1 calculates the theoretical chord height reference value. The mathematical expression is: Among them, variables The design radius parameter of the cylinder to be tested is represented by the variable. This represents the horizontal span parameter between the two contact points of the support members; the data processing unit will calculate the... The value is stored as a base register value and used as a subtraction factor in S3.

4. The method for measuring the residual height of longitudinal weld seams in a cylindrical body according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific process for measuring the original mechanical displacement and deflection angle in S2 is as follows: The mechanical measuring component is connected across the longitudinal weld seam area of ​​the cylinder to be measured, so that the two support members are respectively attached to the surface of the cylinder base material on both sides of the longitudinal weld seam, and the probe of the displacement sensor is abutted against the highest point of the longitudinal weld seam. To maintain the stability of the device's posture, the displacement sensor collects the original mechanical displacement of the probe relative to the rigid crossbeam in real time. At the same time, the attitude detection module obtains the deflection angle of the device relative to the cylinder axis. The attitude detection module includes a built-in tilt sensor or gyroscope.

5. The method for measuring the residual height of longitudinal weld seams in a cylindrical body according to claim 4, characterized in that, S2 further includes: During the continuous movement of the measuring device along the weld length, multiple sets of original mechanical displacement and deflection angle data are collected synchronously at a preset sampling frequency. These multiple sets of data are then packaged and transmitted to the data processing unit for continuous calculation, generating a distribution curve of the weld reinforcement along the length direction.

6. The method for measuring the residual height of longitudinal weld seams in a cylindrical body according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mechanical measurement component in S1 also includes a detachable probe head, the end of which has a spherical structure; the curvature compensation calculation further includes introducing a probe end radius compensation value. This is used to correct the influence of the probe ball head radius on the measurement extreme points, ensuring the calculation accuracy of the true displacement components.

7. The method for measuring the residual height of longitudinal weld seams in a cylindrical body according to claim 6, characterized in that, The curvature compensation operation in S3 also includes probe tip effect correction; set up Let be the radius of the ball head at the tip of the displacement sensor probe. The corrected true displacement component is the actual displacement component caused solely by weld reinforcement. The final solution model is: in Based on cylinder radius and span The calculated central angle; this step is used to compensate for the height deviation caused by the non-geometric cusp of the contact point between the probe ball and the weld apex.

8. The method for measuring the residual height of longitudinal weld seams in a cylindrical body according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the data processing unit processes the input design radius parameters. It automatically determines the curvature level of the cylinder; when When the value is less than the first preset threshold, the system automatically activates the higher-order curvature compensation algorithm to increase the sampling frequency in order to capture the characteristics of welds with drastic curvature changes. when When the value exceeds the second preset threshold, the system determines that the cylinder is approximately a flat plate structure, automatically simplifies the geometric error compensation model, and adjusts the theoretical chord height reference value. Set to zero to optimize data processing speed.

9. A system for measuring the height of longitudinal weld seams in a cylindrical body, characterized in that, include: The system initialization and benchmark establishment unit is used to build a measurement system that includes mechanical measurement components and a data processing unit; Before the measurement operation, the design radius parameters of the cylinder to be measured and the span parameters between the support components are obtained, and the design radius parameters and span parameters are entered into the data processing unit. The theoretical chord height benchmark value corresponding to the curvature of the cylinder is calculated through the geometric error compensation model, thereby establishing a virtual measurement zero point to eliminate the influence of the cylinder curvature within the data processing unit. The raw data acquisition and transmission unit is used to complete the measurement of the raw mechanical displacement and deflection angle based on the mechanical measurement component, and transmit the raw mechanical displacement and deflection angle to the data processing unit. The error correction and curvature compensation unit is used by the data processing unit to call the geometric error compensation model to solve the received original mechanical displacement. This includes: firstly, performing cosine error correction on the original mechanical displacement based on the deflection angle to obtain the displacement value after attitude correction; then, using the theoretical chord height reference value, performing curvature compensation calculation on the displacement value after attitude correction to eliminate the probe pre-compression or geometric gap caused by the curvature of the cylinder arc, thereby separating the true displacement component caused only by the weld reinforcement. The reinforcement height calculation and quality assessment unit is used to calculate and output the actual reinforcement height value of the longitudinal weld based on the real displacement component; the data processing unit compares the actual reinforcement height value with the preset welding quality standard threshold to generate the measurement qualification judgment result; and when moving the measurement along the weld length direction, it records and outputs the maximum peak value data of the weld reinforcement height to complete the quantitative evaluation of the longitudinal weld reinforcement height of the cylinder.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by a processor according to any one of claims 1-8, a method for measuring the excess height of longitudinal weld seams in a cylindrical body.

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