A centering detection device for double helical gear machining

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of double helical gear detection, and particularly relates to a centering detection device for double helical gear machining, which comprises a rotating adjusting table, a deviation detection device, an identification camera and a display; a limiting material placing tool is arranged on the rotating adjusting table and is in transmission connection with the rotating adjusting table; the deviation detection device is installed on the rotating adjusting table and comprises a moving pushing device installed beside the limiting material placing tool, a fixed installation module is installed at the extension end of the moving pushing device, movable plug-in modules are installed at the upper and lower ends of the fixed installation module, a plurality of first center scales are arranged on the fixed installation module, a second center scale is arranged on each movable plug-in module, the first center scale and the second center scale are oppositely arranged, and the identification camera is fixedly installed on the moving pushing device; the display is installed on the rotating adjusting table, and the present application effectively improves the detection efficiency and detection quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of herringbone gear inspection, specifically to a centering detection device for herringbone gear machining. Background Technology

[0002] Herringbone gears are formed by combining left and right helical teeth with opposite directions of helix. During transmission, they can counteract the axial component of the helical gear, offering advantages such as high load-bearing capacity, smooth transmission, and high efficiency. They are widely used in heavy-duty transmission fields such as ships, heavy forging equipment, and large petroleum machinery. After the herringbone gear is machined, the alignment accuracy of the left and right helical teeth directly determines the gear meshing quality, operating noise, and service life. If the left and right helical teeth are misaligned along the circumferential tangential direction, it will cause uneven loading on the tooth surface and local stress concentration, significantly shortening the gear's service life. Therefore, the alignment of the herringbone teeth must be accurately checked during the machining process and before the finished product leaves the factory.

[0003] Chinese Patent No. CN119354012A discloses a method for detecting the alignment of herringbone teeth, comprising the following steps: selecting four measuring balls with identical parameters; for herringbone teeth with an even number of teeth: placing two measuring balls into the first tooth groove of the left and right helical tooth surfaces respectively, and placing the other two measuring balls into the m / 2 tooth groove of the left and right helical tooth surfaces respectively; connecting the center points of the two measuring balls located on the same helical tooth surface and measuring the included angle between the connecting lines; for herringbone teeth with an odd number of teeth: placing two measuring balls into the first tooth groove of the left and right helical tooth surfaces respectively, and placing the other two measuring balls into the (n+1) / 2 tooth groove of the left and right helical tooth surfaces respectively, connecting the center points of the two measuring balls located on the same helical tooth surface and measuring the included angle between the connecting lines; if the measured included angle value is greater than a preset value, the herringbone teeth are not aligned.

[0004] However, this testing method still has significant drawbacks in practical field applications: First, the operation process is cumbersome and complex. Before testing, it is necessary to distinguish whether the total number of teeth on the herringbone gear is odd or even, then calculate the sequence number of the tooth slot to be tested, and manually place four independent and scattered measuring balls one by one into the corresponding left and right helical tooth slots, while ensuring that the distance between all measuring balls and the gear end face remains consistent; without an auxiliary positioning structure to constrain the measuring balls, the balls are prone to displacement under external forces and vibrations during the testing process, requiring repeated adjustments and corrections to the positioning position, resulting in numerous operation steps and long debugging time. Second, the intuitiveness of the test results is poor. This scheme relies solely on independent measuring balls to complete the point layout, without an integrated angle reading structure. The testing personnel need to manually mark the center points of the four measuring balls, draw two baseline lines, and then manually measure the included angle of the connecting lines using an angle measuring tool; for herringbone gears with an odd number of teeth, the measured included angle needs to be geometrically converted to obtain the true tangential misalignment, and the centering deviation value cannot be directly read. On-site operators cannot quickly and intuitively compare error thresholds to determine whether gear alignment is qualified. Measurement results are greatly affected by manual drawing and reading experience, resulting in poor consistency and hindering rapid sampling inspection during batch herringbone gear processing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, a centering detection device for herringbone gear machining is provided. By combining a rotating adjustment table with a deviation detection device, the detection efficiency and quality are effectively improved.

[0006] To address the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides a centering detection device for herringbone gear machining, comprising a rotating adjustment table, a deviation detection device, a recognition camera, and a display. A limiting feeder is provided on the rotating adjustment table, and the limiting feeder is connected to the rotating adjustment table for limiting the placement of the herringbone gear. The deviation detection device is mounted on the rotating adjustment table and includes a movable pushing device mounted beside the limiting feeder. A fixed mounting module is mounted on the telescopic end of the movable pushing device. Movable insert modules are mounted on both the upper and lower ends of the fixed mounting module. The fixed mounting module has multiple first center scales, and each movable insert module has a second center scale. The first and second center scales are arranged opposite each other. The recognition camera is fixedly mounted on the movable pushing device. The display is mounted on the rotating adjustment table and is communicatively connected to the recognition camera.

[0007] Preferably, the fixed installation module has arc-shaped tracks at both ends, and the inside of the arc-shaped tracks has a first mounting hole. Each arc-shaped track has a reset sliding component installed inside. The reset sliding component is used to connect the movable insert module. The back of the fixed installation module has a mounting slot for connecting the mobile pushing device.

[0008] Preferably, the reset sliding assembly includes a telescopic mounting block, a sliding mounting block, and a push spring; The telescopic mounting block is slidably installed in the first mounting hole, and the top of the telescopic mounting block is provided with a V-shaped mounting groove; A push spring is installed between the telescopic mounting block and the first mounting hole. The push spring is used to push the telescopic mounting block. The sliding mounting block is slidably installed in the arc-shaped track. The bottom of the sliding mounting block is provided with a V-shaped protrusion that fits into the V-shaped mounting groove. The top of the sliding mounting block is provided with a fixed mounting shaft, which is used to install the movable insert module.

[0009] Preferably, the movable insert module is provided with a second mounting hole, and the side of the movable insert module is provided with an arc-shaped contact surface, and the arc-shaped contact surface is provided with a toothed mating protrusion.

[0010] Preferably, the mobile pushing device includes a first lifting screw slide, a first linear driver, and an elastic buffer assembly; the first lifting screw slide is fixedly mounted on a rotating adjustment platform; the first linear driver is fixedly mounted on the drive end of the first lifting screw slide; the elastic buffer assembly is mounted on the output end of the first linear driver, and the end of the elastic buffer assembly away from the first linear driver is connected to the fixed mounting module.

[0011] Preferably, a rotary drive device is installed on the rotary adjustment table to drive the limiting material release device to rotate. A push-out device is installed below the rotary adjustment table. A pressing device is also installed on the rotary adjustment table, and the pressing end of the pressing device extends toward the limiting material release device.

[0012] Preferably, the rotary drive device includes a rotary driver and a transmission connector; the rotary driver is fixedly mounted on the rotary adjustment table; the transmission connector is mounted on the output end of the rotary driver and is connected to the limiting and feeding device.

[0013] Preferably, the push-pull unloading device includes a second lead screw slide and a push-pull bracket; the second lead screw slide is fixedly installed below the rotating adjustment table; the push-pull bracket is fixedly installed on the second lead screw slide, and the push-pull bracket is provided with multiple push shafts, and the contact end of the push shaft is provided with a first buffer pad.

[0014] Preferably, the pressing device includes a second linear driver, a connecting bushing, and a pressing plate; the second linear driver is fixedly installed above the rotating adjustment table; the connecting bushing is installed at the output end of the second linear driver; the pressing plate is rotatably installed on the connecting bushing, and the contact surface of the pressing plate is provided with a second buffer pad.

[0015] Preferably, the limiting and releasing device includes a guide frame and a rotating base; the guide frame is fixedly installed on the rotating adjustment table, and the side of the guide frame is provided with a guide rail, which is used to guide the movable insert module to engage with the herringbone gear; the rotating base is rotatably installed on the bottom of the guide frame, and the bottom of the rotating base is provided with a transmission docking groove, which is connected to the output end of the rotary drive device; a limiting installation shaft is provided on the top of the rotating base, and multiple insertion channels are also provided on the rotating base.

[0016] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are: 1. This invention, relying on a mechanized positioning structure and an automated feeding and detection system, thoroughly optimizes the traditional herringbone gear alignment detection process, significantly improving detection stability and operational efficiency. The device, through the cooperative structure of a limiting and releasing tool and a rotating adjustment table, achieves precise limiting and locking of the herringbone gear workpiece, effectively avoiding workpiece shaking and offset during detection. This provides a high-precision, high-stability detection benchmark for gear tooth alignment detection, solving the technical drawbacks of traditional manual placement of measuring balls, which is susceptible to vibration and external force-induced point offset, requiring repeated calibration and adjustment. Simultaneously, relying on a moving pushing device to drive the movable insertion module to automatically complete gear tooth alignment insertion, combined with a multi-point switching detection mode with a fixed-angle rotation of the rotating adjustment table, replaces the tedious process of manually distinguishing the number of odd and even teeth, calculating the tooth tooth sequence, and placing measuring balls one by one. This achieves fully automated alignment and cyclic detection of detection points, greatly simplifying the detection operation process, shortening detection and debugging time, and efficiently adapting to the rapid sampling inspection conditions of herringbone gear batch production, significantly improving the overall efficiency and process standardization of the detection operation.

[0017] 2. This invention, based on a scale reference pair and a visual image recognition detection mechanism, eliminates manual inspection errors and improves the accuracy and intuitiveness of herringbone gear alignment precision detection. The device constructs a standardized dimensional reference using a first and second central scale. It relies on the minute displacement generated by the tooth misalignment drive module to form a scale offset, accurately feeding back the circumferential tangential misalignment deviation of the left and right helical teeth of the herringbone gear. This eliminates the need for traditional manual drawing, angle measurement, and geometric conversion. Simultaneously, a recognition camera captures scale alignment images in real time. The terminal system automatically compares the actual offset with a preset acceptable threshold, visually outputting the detection results. This achieves direct quantitative judgment of alignment deviation, avoiding subjective errors caused by manual drawing, reading, and conversion, effectively improving the consistency and reliability of the detection results. Furthermore, the multi-point full-coverage detection mode can comprehensively investigate alignment defects at different positions of the gear, avoiding the limitations of traditional single-point detection. It accurately identifies potential hazards such as tooth surface off-center loading and stress concentration, ensuring the meshing quality, operational stability, and service life of the herringbone gear, meeting the technical requirements for high-precision factory quality inspection of heavy-duty gears. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This invention relates to a three-dimensional conception of a centering detection device for herringbone gear machining. Figure 1 .

[0019] Figure 2 This is a side view of a centering detection device for herringbone gear machining according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A three-dimensional planar sectional view at section AA.

[0021] Figure 4 This invention relates to a three-dimensional conception of a centering detection device for herringbone gear machining. Figure 2 .

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point B.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the deviation detection device in the centering detection device for herringbone gear machining according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the fixed mounting module and the movable insertion module in a centering detection device for herringbone gear processing according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the fixed mounting module and the movable insertion module in a centering detection device for herringbone gear machining according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a front view of a fixed mounting module in a centering detection device for herringbone gear machining according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A three-dimensional planar sectional view at the CC section.

[0028] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the fixed mounting module in a centering detection device for herringbone gear processing according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a limiting feeder in a centering detection device for herringbone gear machining according to the present invention.

[0030] The numbers on the map are: 1. Fixed mounting module; 11. Mounting slot; 12. Arc-shaped track; 121. First mounting hole; 13. Reset sliding assembly; 131. Telescopic mounting block; 1311. V-shaped mounting groove; 132. Sliding mounting block; 1321. V-shaped protrusion; 1322. Fixed mounting shaft; 133. Push spring; 14. First center scale; 2. Movable insertion module; 21. Second mounting hole; 22. Arc-shaped contact surface; 23. Toothed mating protrusion; 24. Second center scale; 3. Moving pushing device; 31. First lifting screw slide; 32. First linear actuator; 33. Spring 4. Sexually cushioning assembly; 5. Identification camera; 6. Display; 7. Rotary adjustment table; 8. Rotary drive device; 9. Rotary driver; 10. Transmission coupling; 11. Pushing unloading device; 2. Second lead screw slide; 2. Pushing bracket; 3. Pressing device; 4. Second linear driver; 5. Connecting bushing; 6. Pressing plate; 7. Limiting and releasing device; 8. Guide frame; 9. Guide rail; 10. Rotating base; 11. Limiting mounting shaft; 12. Transmission docking groove; 13. Interlocking channel; 14. Herringbone gear. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] See Figures 1 to 12 As shown, a centering detection device for herringbone gear machining includes a rotating adjustment table 6, a deviation detection device, a recognition camera 4, and a display 5. The rotating adjustment table 6 is equipped with a limiting feeding tool 64, which is connected to the rotating adjustment table 6 via a transmission mechanism. The limiting feeding tool 64 is used to limit the placement of the herringbone gear 7. The deviation detection device is installed on the rotating adjustment table 6 and includes a movable pushing device 3 installed beside the limiting feeding tool 64. A fixed mounting module 1 is installed at the telescopic end of the movable pushing device 3. Movable insertion modules 2 are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the fixed mounting module 1. The fixed mounting module 1 is equipped with multiple first center scales 14, and each movable insertion module 2 is equipped with a second center scale 24. The first center scales 14 and the second center scales 24 are arranged opposite to each other. The recognition camera 4 is fixedly installed on the movable pushing device 3. The display 5 is installed on the rotating adjustment table 6 and is communicatively connected to the recognition camera 4.

[0033] In the initial stage of the inspection operation, the herringbone gear 7 to be inspected is placed inside the limiting and feeding device 64 mounted on the rotating adjustment table 6. The limiting structure of the limiting and feeding device 64 completes the initial positioning of the herringbone gear 7. At the same time, the rotating adjustment table 6 locks and fixes the herringbone gear 7, avoiding the workpiece offset and shaking problems during the inspection process, and providing a stable workpiece reference for subsequent tooth groove alignment inspection.

[0034] After the workpiece is positioned, the deviation detection device on the rotating adjustment table 6 is activated. The linear telescopic driving force output by the moving pushing device 3 drives the fixed installation module 1 to move towards the herringbone gear 7 workpiece at a uniform speed. During the feeding process of the fixed installation module 1, the movable insertion modules 2 assembled at its upper and lower ends are simultaneously displaced, so that the two sets of movable insertion modules 2 are precisely aligned and inserted into the corresponding left and right helical inclined tooth grooves of the herringbone gear 7, completing the mechanical alignment and positioning of the detection point.

[0035] The first central scale 14 of the fixed installation module 1 and the second central scale 24 of the movable insertion module 2 form a pair of reference scale pairs. The two sets of scale structures are arranged opposite to each other, forming the dimensional reference for determining the centering of the tooth grooves. If the centering accuracy of the left and right helical tooth grooves of the herringbone gear 7 is qualified and the tooth set is symmetrically centered, there is no relative displacement after the movable insertion module 2 completes the tooth groove insertion and positioning, and the scale references of the two sets of scales remain aligned. If there is a circumferential tangential misalignment or asymmetrical centering of the tooth set in the left and right helical teeth of the herringbone gear 7, the movable insertion module 2 will produce a slight relative offset due to the constraint of the offset tooth groove structure, causing the first central scale 14 and the second central scale 24 to form a scale offset.

[0036] The recognition camera 4, deployed on the mobile push device 3, captures images of the alignment status of the two sets of scales in real time. The captured image data is transmitted in real time to the display 5 mounted on the rotating adjustment table 6 via a signal transmission link, enabling real-time visualization of the detection images. The detection system identifies the scale offset range based on the imaging data, comparing the actual offset with a preset acceptable size threshold. If the offset is within the threshold range, the herringbone teeth are deemed to be aligned correctly; if the offset exceeds the threshold range, the herringbone teeth are deemed to have an alignment deviation. This achieves intuitive and rapid determination of alignment accuracy, eliminating the cumbersome operations of traditional manual drawing, angle measurement, and geometric conversion.

[0037] After a single-point inspection is completed, the moving push device 3 drives the fixed mounting module 1 and the movable insertion modules 2 at both ends to move in the opposite direction, causing the movable insertion modules 2 to disengage from the tooth groove and complete the structural reset. Subsequently, the rotating adjustment table 6 drives the limiting and releasing fixture 64 to rotate at a fixed angle, causing the clamped and fixed herringbone gear 7 to rotate synchronously, completing the switching of the workpiece inspection point. After the point switching is completed, the moving push device 3 drives the movable insertion module 2 to insert into the target tooth groove again, repeating the above alignment, scale comparison, and visual inspection process to achieve full coverage inspection of multiple points of the herringbone gear 7.

[0038] This device replaces manual operation with mechanized positioning and automated detection, eliminating errors caused by manually placing measuring balls, repeatedly calibrating positioning, and manually measuring and calculating. At the same time, the multi-point cyclic detection mode effectively improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the centering detection of the herringbone gear 7, greatly optimizes the detection process, and shortens the detection time, which can meet the needs of rapid sampling and accurate quality inspection in the mass production process of herringbone gear 7.

[0039] See Figures 6 to 11 As shown, the fixed installation module 1 has arc-shaped tracks 12 at both ends, and the inside of the arc-shaped track 12 is also provided with a first mounting hole 121. Each arc-shaped track 12 is equipped with a reset sliding component 13. The reset sliding component 13 is used to connect the movable insert module 2. The back of the fixed installation module 1 is provided with a mounting slot 11. The mounting slot 11 is used to connect the mobile pushing device 3.

[0040] The fixed installation module 1 is detachably rigidly connected to the telescopic end of the mobile pushing device 3 through the mounting slot 11 set on the back. Relying on this connection structure, it can bear the linear driving force of the mobile pushing device 3 and complete the overall feeding and resetting displacement with the pushing mechanism, providing an overall motion basis for the front tooth groove alignment detection, while ensuring the stability of the assembly structure and the convenience of disassembly and assembly.

[0041] The fixed installation module 1 has symmetrically arranged arc-shaped track 12 structures at its upper and lower ends. The arc-shaped track 12 has a first mounting hole 121 inside, providing a standardized installation position and a limited movement trajectory for the reset sliding component 13. As a guide constraint structure, the arc-shaped track 12 can accurately guide the movement stroke and direction of the reset sliding component 13 and the mounted movable insertion module 2, so that the movable insertion module 2 can complete an adaptive arc-shaped sliding action along the trajectory of the arc-shaped track 12. This adapts to the curved surface structure features of the left and right tilting tooth grooves of the herringbone gear 7, ensuring that the two sets of movable insertion modules 2 can be accurately docked and inserted into the corresponding tooth grooves, completing the mechanical alignment and positioning of the detection point.

[0042] The reset sliding assembly 13, installed inside the arc-shaped track 12, is the core component for the adaptive adjustment of the movable insertion module 2, serving to connect the fixed mounting module 1 and the movable insertion module 2. Under standard alignment conditions, the left and right helical tooth grooves of the herringbone gear 7 are symmetrically centered. After the movable insertion module 2 is inserted into the tooth groove, there is no lateral stress. The reset sliding assembly 13 maintains its initial assembly state without relative displacement. The first center scale 14 mounted on the fixed mounting module 1 and the second center scale 24 mounted on the movable insertion module 2 maintain a reference alignment.

[0043] When the left and right helical teeth of the herringbone gear 7 under test have circumferential tangential misalignment and out-of-tolerance centering accuracy, the offset structure of the inclined tooth groove will generate lateral compressive stress on the movable insertion module 2 that is inserted into place. This drives the reset sliding component 13 to make adaptive displacement adjustment along the guide trajectory of the arc track 12, causing the movable insertion module 2 to produce a corresponding slight offset. This adaptive displacement can accurately replicate the misalignment deviation of the herringbone tooth groove, so that the first center scale 14 and the second center scale 24 produce corresponding offsets, providing real and accurate structural deviation data for the visual acquisition of the recognition camera 4 and the determination of system deviation.

[0044] See Figures 7 to 11 As shown, the reset sliding assembly 13 includes a telescopic mounting block 131, a sliding mounting block 132, and a push spring 133. The telescopic mounting block 131 is slidably mounted in the first mounting hole 121, and the top of the telescopic mounting block 131 is provided with a V-shaped mounting groove 1311. The push spring 133 is installed between the telescopic mounting block 131 and the first mounting hole 121, and the push spring 133 is used to push the telescopic mounting block 131. The sliding mounting block 132 is slidably mounted in the arc-shaped track 12, and the bottom of the sliding mounting block 132 is provided with a V-shaped protrusion 1321, which fits into the V-shaped mounting groove 1311. The top of the sliding mounting block 132 is provided with a fixed mounting shaft 1322, which is used to install the movable insert module 2.

[0045] The reset sliding assembly 13 forms a vertical sliding pair with the first mounting hole 121 via the telescopic mounting block 131, and an arc-shaped sliding pair with the arc-shaped track 12 via the sliding mounting block 132. The vertical sliding motion and the arc-shaped sliding motion are linked and transmitted through the fitting structure of the V-shaped protrusion 1321 at the bottom of the sliding mounting block 132 and the V-shaped mounting groove 1311 at the top of the telescopic mounting block 131. The push spring 133 is axially mounted between the bottom of the telescopic mounting block 131 and the first mounting hole 121, providing a continuous elastic pressing force to the telescopic mounting block 131. Under normal conditions, it maintains the fitted and locked state of the V-shaped protrusion 1321 and the V-shaped mounting groove 1311, ensuring the consistency of the structural reference in the initial detection state. The fixed mounting shaft 1322 at the top of the sliding mounting block 132 provides a rigid assembly reference for the movable insertion module 2, allowing the lateral stress on the movable insertion module 2 to be directly transmitted to the sliding mounting block 132, achieving precise force-displacement conversion.

[0046] When the herringbone gear 7 has circumferential tangential misalignment of the left and right helical teeth and excessive centering accuracy, the misaligned tooth groove applies a lateral compressive load to the movable insert module 2 that has been inserted into place. After being subjected to force, the movable insert module 2 transfers the lateral load to the sliding mounting block 132, driving the sliding mounting block 132 to produce an adaptive arc-shaped sliding along the arc track 12. During the displacement of the sliding mounting block 132, its bottom V-shaped protrusion 1321 forms an inclined surface compressive force on the V-shaped mounting groove 1311 at the top of the telescopic mounting block 131. Through the decomposition of the inclined surface force, the telescopic mounting block 131 is driven to slide axially downward along the first mounting hole 121, simultaneously compressing the push spring 133, causing the push spring 133 to produce elastic compression deformation. This linkage displacement process can accurately match the tangential misalignment of the tooth groove, causing the movable insert module 2 to produce a slight offset corresponding to the gear centering deviation, thereby restoring the true tooth surface misalignment state and providing an accurate displacement data basis for scale offset detection and visual deviation recognition.

[0047] Once the single-point detection is complete, the moving push device 3 drives the fixed mounting module 1 out of the tooth groove. After the movable insert module 2 is completely freed from the constraint and compression of the herringbone gear 7 tooth groove, the lateral load on the sliding mounting block 132 is completely released. At this time, the push spring 133, which is in a compressed state, releases its elastic potential energy and axially pushes the telescopic mounting block 131 upward along the first mounting hole 121 to reset. Through the matching guidance of the V-shaped mounting groove 1311 and the V-shaped protrusion 1321, it drives the sliding mounting block 132 to reset along the arc track 12 to the initial reference position, and simultaneously drives the movable insert module 2 back to the standard assembly zero position.

[0048] See Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the movable insertion module 2 is provided with a second mounting hole 21, and the side of the movable insertion module 2 is provided with an arc-shaped contact surface 22, and the arc-shaped contact surface 22 is provided with a toothed mating protrusion 23.

[0049] The movable insertion module 2 forms a fastening assembly structure with the fixed mounting shaft 1322 of the fixed mounting module 1 through the second mounting hole 21 opened in the main body, realizing the rigid connection between the movable insertion module 2 and the reset sliding component 13. This ensures that the movable insertion module 2 can complete the arc sliding and elastic reset action synchronously with the sliding mounting block 132, while ensuring the coaxiality and stability of the overall assembly structure during the testing process and avoiding testing errors caused by assembly gaps.

[0050] The movable insertion module 2 has an arc-shaped contact surface 22 on its side. The contour of the arc-shaped contact surface 22 matches the outer edge contour of the herringbone gear 7, which can achieve fitting and limiting with the outer circle of the gear during the detection and alignment process, ensuring the consistency of the reference position of the insertion detection and effectively improving the tooth groove docking accuracy. The tooth groove docking protrusions 23 arranged on the arc-shaped contact surface 22 are the core detection contact structure. Their structural parameters match the tooth groove parameters of the herringbone gear 7, and they can be accurately embedded into the corresponding inclined tooth grooves of the left and right helical herringbone gear 7, realizing accurate positioning and reliable fitting of the detection point.

[0051] See Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the mobile pushing device 3 includes a first lifting screw slide 31, a first linear driver 32, and an elastic buffer assembly 33; the first lifting screw slide 31 is fixedly installed on the rotating adjustment table 6; the first linear driver 32 is fixedly installed on the driving end of the first lifting screw slide 31; the elastic buffer assembly 33 is installed on the output end of the first linear driver 32, and the end of the elastic buffer assembly 33 away from the first linear driver 32 is connected to the fixed installation module 1.

[0052] The first lifting screw slide 31 is used to adjust the vertical height of the first linear actuator 32, so that the first linear actuator 32 stops at a specified height. The elastic buffer assembly 33 is assembled between the output end of the first linear actuator 32 and the fixed mounting module 1, and undertakes the core role of power transmission and flexible buffering. It is a key structure to ensure non-destructive insertion of the tooth groove and accurate deviation acquisition. On the one hand, it realizes the flexible connection between the first linear actuator 32 and the fixed mounting module 1, stably transmits the horizontal pushing power, and ensures the synchronization of the feed displacement; on the other hand, it can buffer the mechanical hard impact load at the moment of contact between the movable insertion module 2 and the tooth groove, avoid tooth surface collision damage and mechanical wear of components caused by rigid insertion, and at the same time, it can adapt to the small alignment tolerance of the tooth groove, ensuring that the movable insertion module 2 and the tooth groove structure fit fully, and ensuring that the tangential misalignment deviation of the tooth groove can be completely and accurately transmitted to the detection module.

[0053] See Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a rotary drive device 61 is installed on the rotary adjustment table 6. The rotary drive device 61 is used to drive the limiting material release device 64 to rotate. A push-pull material release device 62 is installed below the rotary adjustment table 6. A pressing device 63 is also installed on the rotary adjustment table 6. The pressing end of the pressing device 63 extends toward the limiting material release device 64.

[0054] The rotating adjustment platform 6 serves as the base for the entire machine, providing a fixed installation reference for the deviation detection device, recognition camera 4, display 5, pressing device 63, rotary drive device 61, and push-out unloading device 62. This ensures the assembly position accuracy and operational stability of each functional module, and provides a stable structural foundation for the accurate implementation of gear alignment detection.

[0055] During the workpiece clamping stage, the herringbone gear 7 to be inspected is placed inside the limiting and releasing fixture 64. The pressing device 63 installed on the rotating adjustment table 6 extends to the pressing end above the limiting and releasing fixture 64 to apply a vertical clamping constraint force to the herringbone gear 7. In conjunction with the limiting structure of the limiting and releasing fixture 64, the bidirectional limiting and locking of the herringbone gear 7 is achieved, effectively eliminating problems such as workpiece movement, offset, and shaking during the inspection process. This ensures that the workpiece reference is unique and stable during the tooth groove alignment inspection process, providing reliable clamping accuracy for subsequent scale comparison and visual inspection.

[0056] After the single-point inspection process is completed, the rotary drive device 61 mounted on the rotary adjustment table 6 outputs rotary drive force to drive the limiting and unloading fixture 64 to perform a fixed-angle indexing rotation. This causes the limiting and unloading fixture 64 to drive the internally locked herringbone gear 7 to synchronously complete the circumferential angle adjustment, realizing the automatic switching of the inspection point of the tooth groove to be tested. Through precise indexing and rotation adjustment, the alignment inspection of tooth grooves at multiple circumferential positions of the herringbone gear 7 can be completed sequentially, realizing full-circumferential alignment and full-coverage inspection of the gear, effectively improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the inspection, and avoiding the inspection blind spots and missed inspection problems caused by traditional single-point inspection.

[0057] After the entire inspection cycle is completed, the pressing device 63 releases the vertical clamping constraint, thus removing the locking limit on the herringbone gear 7. At this time, the push-out device 62 installed below the rotating adjustment table 6 is activated. Its push end extends upward through the interior of the limiting release fixture 64, applying an axial push force to the assembled and inspected herringbone gear 7, automatically pushing the herringbone gear 7 out of the limiting release fixture 64, completing the automatic unloading of the workpiece. This push-out unloading structure can replace manual material handling, simplify the workpiece disassembly process, improve the convenience of loading and unloading operations and the overall automation level of the inspection, and is suitable for continuous quality inspection of batch herringbone gears 7.

[0058] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the rotary drive device 61 includes a rotary driver 611 and a transmission connector 612; the rotary driver 611 is fixedly mounted on the rotary adjustment table 6; the transmission connector 612 is mounted on the output end of the rotary driver 611 and is connected to the limiting feeder 64.

[0059] The rotary actuator 611 is fixedly mounted on the table surface of the rotary adjustment table 6. It is the core power component of the entire rotary drive device 61. It can output a stable and controllable rotary drive torque and has the operating characteristics of fixed angle start and stop, uniform speed rotation and position locking. It can accurately match the rotation angle and rotation speed required for tooth groove position switching according to the inspection process requirements of the herringbone gear 7, and provide standardized power support for the indexing adjustment of the workstation.

[0060] The transmission connector 612 is fixedly installed at the power output end of the rotary driver 611 and forms a reliable transmission connection structure with the limiting and unloading device 64, realizing the backlash-free transmission of power from the rotary driver 611. This structure can accurately transmit the rotational motion of the rotary driver 611 to the limiting and unloading device 64, ensuring the coaxiality and stability of the power transmission.

[0061] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the push-pull unloading device 62 includes a second lead screw slide 621 and a push-pull bracket 622; the second lead screw slide 621 is fixedly installed below the rotating adjustment table 6; the push-pull bracket 622 is fixedly installed on the second lead screw slide 621, and the push-pull bracket 622 is provided with a plurality of push shafts, and the contact end of the push shaft is provided with a first buffer pad.

[0062] The first buffer pad assembled at the contact end of the push shaft is a flexible protective structure, which can effectively buffer the rigid pushing impact force during the pushing contact process.

[0063] After the full circumferential alignment inspection of the herringbone gear 7 is completed, the pressing device 63 releases the vertical clamping and locking constraint on the workpiece, and the workpiece is in an unloading state. At this time, the second lead screw slide 621 starts and drives the pusher bracket 622 to move upward at a uniform speed, driving multiple sets of pushing shafts to move upward synchronously to contact the lower end face of the herringbone gear 7. Through continuous and stable axial pushing force, the herringbone gear 7 is smoothly pushed out of the limiting unloading fixture 64, completing the automated unloading operation. After unloading, the second lead screw slide 621 drives the pusher bracket 622 to move downward to reset, restoring the initial standby position and providing structural conditions for the next round of workpiece clamping and inspection operations. This effectively simplifies the loading and unloading process and significantly improves the continuity and inspection efficiency of the batch quality inspection of the herringbone gear 7.

[0064] See Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the pressing device 63 includes a second linear driver 631, a connecting bushing 632, and a pressing plate 633; ​​the second linear driver 631 is fixedly installed above the rotating adjustment table 6; the connecting bushing 632 is installed at the output end of the second linear driver 631; the pressing plate 633 is rotatably installed on the connecting bushing 632, and the contact surface of the pressing plate 633 is provided with a second buffer pad.

[0065] The second buffer pad on the contact surface of the pressing plate 633 is a flexible pressure-bearing structure that directly contacts and engages with the top end face of the herringbone gear 7. After the workpiece clamping and positioning process is completed, the second linear actuator 631 extends the drive connecting bushing 632 and moves down synchronously with the pressing plate 633, so that the second buffer pad is tightly pressed against the top of the herringbone gear 7, applying a uniform vertical clamping constraint force to the workpiece. In conjunction with the lateral limiting structure of the limiting and releasing fixture 64, the herringbone gear 7 is locked and positioned in all directions, limiting the radial, axial, and circumferential micro-movements of the workpiece, ensuring that the workpiece reference is unique and constant throughout the entire process of tooth groove alignment, scale comparison, and visual inspection, effectively improving the inspection accuracy.

[0066] See Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the limiting and releasing device 64 includes a guide frame 641 and a rotating base 642. The guide frame 641 is fixedly installed on the rotating adjustment table 6. The side of the guide frame 641 is provided with a guide rail 6411, which is used to guide the movable insert module 2 to dock with the herringbone gear 7. The rotating base 642 is rotatably installed on the bottom of the guide frame 641. The bottom of the rotating base 642 is provided with a transmission docking groove 6422, which is connected to the output end of the rotary drive device 61. A limiting installation shaft 6421 is provided on the top of the rotating base 642. The rotating base 642 is also provided with multiple insertion channels 6423.

[0067] The limiting and feeding fixture 64 is an integral assembly structure composed of a guide frame 641 and a rotating base 642. The guide frame 641 is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating adjustment table 6, providing an external guiding reference for workpiece alignment detection. The guide rail 6411 on the side of the guide frame 641 provides precise guiding constraints for the feed alignment of the movable insertion module 2, which can limit the feed path and alignment angle of the movable insertion module 2, ensuring that the movable insertion module 2 smoothly approaches and inserts into the left and right tilting tooth groove of the herringbone gear 7 along the predetermined trajectory, effectively avoiding insertion offset and alignment deviation problems, and improving the tooth groove fitting accuracy and detection point accuracy.

[0068] The rotating base 642 is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the guide frame 641. The limiting mounting shaft 6421 arranged on the top of the rotating base 642 can be inserted into the center hole of the herringbone gear 7 to achieve radial limiting constraint of the herringbone gear 7. Together with the support structure on the upper end face of the rotating base 642, it completes the bottom fit support of the workpiece, and performs axial and radial composite limiting on the herringbone gear 7 to be tested. Combined with the vertical pressing action of the pressing device 63, it achieves all-round locking and fixing of the workpiece, eliminating problems such as workpiece movement, displacement, and tilting during the testing process, and ensuring that the testing benchmark is unique and stable.

[0069] The transmission docking groove 6422 opened at the bottom of the rotating base 642 can form a precise meshing docking with the output end of the rotary drive device 61 to achieve gapless torque transmission. This allows the rotating base 642 to follow the rotary drive device 61 to perform a fixed-angle indexing rotation, thereby driving the herringbone gear 7 of the limit assembly to complete the circumferential angle adjustment in sync. This enables the automated switching of the detection tooth groove points, meets the process requirements of full-circumferential multi-point full-coverage detection of the gear, and at the same time ensures the coaxiality and positioning accuracy of the indexing rotation.

[0070] Multiple sets of intersecting channels 6423 evenly distributed on the rotating base 642 provide vertical clearance channels and lifting paths for the pushing end of the push-pull unloading device 62, allowing the pushing end to pass through the rotating base 642 and directly act on the lower end face of the herringbone gear 7. After the inspection process is completed, the intersecting channels 6423 ensure that the pushing structure moves smoothly upward to complete the workpiece ejection and unloading without structural interference or jamming, effectively ensuring the stability and smoothness of the unloading operation and improving the overall automation efficiency of the equipment.

[0071] Specific working principle: In the initial stage of the inspection operation, the herringbone gear 7 to be inspected is placed inside the limiting and feeding device 64 mounted on the rotating adjustment table 6. The limiting structure of the limiting and feeding device 64 completes the initial positioning of the herringbone gear 7. At the same time, the rotating adjustment table 6 locks and fixes the herringbone gear 7, avoiding the workpiece offset and shaking problems during the inspection process, and providing a stable workpiece reference for subsequent tooth groove alignment inspection.

[0072] After the workpiece is positioned, the deviation detection device on the rotating adjustment table 6 is activated. The linear telescopic driving force output by the moving pushing device 3 drives the fixed installation module 1 to move towards the herringbone gear 7 workpiece at a uniform speed. During the feeding process of the fixed installation module 1, the movable insertion modules 2 assembled at its upper and lower ends are simultaneously displaced, so that the two sets of movable insertion modules 2 are precisely aligned and inserted into the corresponding left and right helical inclined tooth grooves of the herringbone gear 7, completing the mechanical alignment and positioning of the detection point.

[0073] The first central scale 14 of the fixed installation module 1 and the second central scale 24 of the movable insertion module 2 form a pair of reference scale pairs. The two sets of scale structures are arranged opposite to each other, forming the dimensional reference for determining the centering of the tooth grooves. If the centering accuracy of the left and right helical tooth grooves of the herringbone gear 7 is qualified and the tooth set is symmetrically centered, there is no relative displacement after the movable insertion module 2 completes the tooth groove insertion and positioning, and the scale references of the two sets of scales remain aligned. If there is a circumferential tangential misalignment or asymmetrical centering of the tooth set in the left and right helical teeth of the herringbone gear 7, the movable insertion module 2 will produce a slight relative offset due to the constraint of the offset tooth groove structure, causing the first central scale 14 and the second central scale 24 to form a scale offset.

[0074] The recognition camera 4, deployed on the mobile push device 3, captures images of the alignment status of the two sets of scales in real time. The captured image data is transmitted in real time to the display 5 mounted on the rotating adjustment table 6 via a signal transmission link, enabling real-time visualization of the detection images. The detection system identifies the scale offset range based on the imaging data, comparing the actual offset with a preset acceptable size threshold. If the offset is within the threshold range, the herringbone teeth are deemed to be aligned correctly; if the offset exceeds the threshold range, the herringbone teeth are deemed to have an alignment deviation. This achieves intuitive and rapid determination of alignment accuracy, eliminating the cumbersome operations of traditional manual drawing, angle measurement, and geometric conversion.

[0075] After a single-point inspection is completed, the moving push device 3 drives the fixed mounting module 1 and the movable insertion modules 2 at both ends to move in the opposite direction, causing the movable insertion modules 2 to disengage from the tooth groove and complete the structural reset. Subsequently, the rotating adjustment table 6 drives the limiting and releasing fixture 64 to rotate at a fixed angle, causing the clamped and fixed herringbone gear 7 to rotate synchronously, completing the switching of the workpiece inspection point. After the point switching is completed, the moving push device 3 drives the movable insertion module 2 to insert into the target tooth groove again, repeating the above alignment, scale comparison, and visual inspection process to achieve full coverage inspection of multiple points of the herringbone gear 7.

[0076] This device replaces manual operation with mechanized positioning and automated detection, eliminating errors caused by manually placing measuring balls, repeatedly calibrating positioning, and manually measuring and calculating. At the same time, the multi-point cyclic detection mode effectively improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the centering detection of the herringbone gear 7, greatly optimizes the detection process, and shortens the detection time, which can meet the needs of rapid sampling and accurate quality inspection in the mass production process of herringbone gear 7.

[0077] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A centering detection device for herringbone gear machining, characterized in that, It includes a rotating adjustment table (6), a deviation detection device, an identification camera (4), and a display (5); The rotating adjustment table (6) is equipped with a limiting feeding device (64), which is connected to the rotating adjustment table (6) in a transmission manner. The limiting feeding device (64) is used to limit the placement of the herringbone gear (7). The deviation detection device is installed on the rotating adjustment table (6). The deviation detection device includes a moving push device (3) installed next to the limiting feeder (64). The telescopic end of the moving push device (3) is equipped with a fixed installation module (1). Both the upper and lower ends of the fixed installation module (1) are equipped with movable insert modules (2). The fixed installation module (1) is provided with multiple first center scales (14). Each movable insert module (2) is provided with a second center scale (24). The first center scales (14) and the second center scales (24) are arranged opposite to each other. The identification camera (4) is fixedly installed on the mobile push device (3); The display (5) is mounted on the rotating adjustment platform (6), and the display (5) is communicatively connected to the recognition camera (4); The fixed mounting module (1) has arc-shaped tracks (12) at its upper and lower ends. The arc-shaped tracks (12) also have first mounting holes (121) inside. Each arc-shaped track (12) has a reset sliding assembly (13) installed inside. The reset sliding assembly (13) is used to connect the movable insert module (2). The back of the fixed mounting module (1) has a mounting slot (11) for connecting the moving push device (3). The reset sliding assembly (13) includes a telescopic mounting block (131), a sliding mounting block (132), and a push spring (133). The telescopic mounting block (131) is slidably installed in the first mounting hole (121). The top of the telescopic mounting block (131) is provided with a V-shaped mounting groove (1311); the push spring (133) is installed between the telescopic mounting block (131) and the first mounting hole (121), and the push spring (133) is used to push the telescopic mounting block (131); the sliding mounting block (132) is slidably installed in the arc track (12), the bottom of the sliding mounting block (132) is provided with a V-shaped protrusion (1321), the V-shaped protrusion (1321) fits with the V-shaped mounting groove (1311), and the top of the sliding mounting block (132) is provided with a fixed mounting shaft (1322), which is used to install the movable insert module (2); The movable insert module (2) is provided with a second mounting hole (21), and the side of the movable insert module (2) is provided with an arc-shaped contact surface (22), and the arc-shaped contact surface (22) is provided with a toothed mating protrusion (23).

2. The alignment detection device for herringbone gear machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile pushing device (3) includes a first lifting screw slide (31), a first linear driver (32), and an elastic buffer assembly (33). The first lifting screw slide (31) is fixedly installed on the rotating adjustment table (6); The first linear actuator (32) is fixedly installed at the drive end of the first lifting screw slide (31); The elastic buffer assembly (33) is installed at the output end of the first linear driver (32), and the end of the elastic buffer assembly (33) away from the first linear driver (32) is connected to the fixed mounting module (1).

3. The alignment detection device for herringbone gear machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rotary drive device (61) is installed on the rotary adjustment table (6). The rotary drive device (61) is used to drive the limiting material release device (64) to rotate. A push-pull material release device (62) is installed below the rotary adjustment table (6). A pressing device (63) is also installed on the rotary adjustment table (6). The pressing end of the pressing device (63) extends toward the limiting material release device (64).

4. The alignment detection device for herringbone gear machining according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotary drive (61) includes a rotary driver (611) and a transmission coupling (612). The rotary actuator (611) is fixedly mounted on the rotary adjustment table (6); The transmission connector (612) is installed at the output end of the rotary drive (611) and is connected to the limiting feeder (64).

5. The alignment detection device for herringbone gear machining according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top-pushing unloading device (62) includes a second screw slide (621) and a top-pushing bracket (622). The second lead screw slide (621) is fixedly installed below the rotary adjustment table (6); The push bracket (622) is fixedly installed on the second lead screw slide (621). The push bracket (622) is provided with multiple push shafts, and the contact end of the push shaft is provided with a first buffer pad.

6. The alignment detection device for herringbone gear machining according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressing device (63) includes a second linear driver (631), a connecting bushing (632), and a pressing plate (633). The second linear actuator (631) is fixedly mounted above the rotary adjustment table (6); The connecting bushing (632) is installed at the output end of the second linear drive (631); The pressing plate (633) is rotatably mounted on the connecting bushing (632), and the contact surface of the pressing plate (633) is provided with a second buffer pad.

7. The alignment detection device for herringbone gear machining according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting feeder (64) includes a guide frame (641) and a rotating base (642). The guide frame (641) is fixedly installed on the rotating adjustment table (6). The side of the guide frame (641) is provided with a guide rail (6411). The guide rail (6411) is used to guide the movable insert module (2) to dock with the herringbone gear (7). The rotating base (642) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the guide frame (641). The bottom of the rotating base (642) is provided with a transmission docking groove (6422), which is connected to the output end of the rotary drive device (61). A limit mounting shaft (6421) is provided above the rotating base (642), and multiple insertion channels (6423) are also provided on the rotating base (642).

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