A combined transfer device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of ocean engineering equipment, in particular to a combined transfer equipment. The combined transfer equipment comprises a traction system, a mobile lifting system and a floating system; at least two canals are dug on a land seaside, and each canal is correspondingly matched with a set of floating systems; the traction system is configured to tow a set of idle mobile lifting systems to a prefabrication area, tow the mobile lifting system into the canal after the mobile lifting system hoists prefabricated components, then disconnect and tow another set of idle mobile lifting systems to repeat the transfer operation; the floating system is configured to receive the prefabricated components from the mobile lifting system in the canal, float to a predetermined location, return after unloading the prefabricated components. According to the scheme, a set of traction systems circulates and schedules multiple sets of mobile lifting systems, the intensive reuse of the lifting equipment can be realized, the transfer efficiency of multiple canal parallel operations can be improved while the equipment configuration cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of marine engineering equipment technology, and in particular to a combined transfer device. Background Technology

[0002] Precast reinforced concrete components used in culvert and other tunnel projects are typically prefabricated, cured, and inspected in land-based prefabrication yards. They then need to be transported from the land-based yard to the edge of the water area for further launching, floating, and subsequent installation. Due to the large size, weight, and high structural rigidity requirements of these precast components, the connection methods between land-based and water-based transport, and floating transport directly affect construction efficiency and safety. In existing construction methods, the transfer of precast components from land to water usually requires the coordinated operation of large gantry cranes, floating cranes, sliding platforms, or specialized launching facilities. While these devices can complete the transfer or launching of precast components, they generally suffer from long equipment occupancy times, complex connections between land-based and floating transport, and insufficient flexibility in construction organization. Especially in the continuous transport of multiple precast components, if the power transport equipment waits with the hoisting equipment for water assembly or floating operations, it will cause long-term occupancy of the power equipment, creating a series of blockages where one box waits for one truck, and one truck waits for one boat, severely impacting the efficiency of subsequent precast component transfers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, this application provides a combined transfer equipment that uses a traction system to cyclically schedule multiple mobile hoisting systems, thereby achieving intensive reuse of hoisting equipment. This reduces equipment configuration costs while improving the transfer efficiency of parallel operations on multiple canals.

[0004] This application provides a combined transfer device, including a traction system, multiple mobile hoisting systems, and multiple floating systems; The land is equipped with a prefabrication area for manufacturing prefabricated components, and at least two channels are dug on the land shore, each channel corresponding to a floating transport system; The mobile hoisting system is used for hoisting prefabricated components; The traction system is configured to tow an idle mobile hoisting system to the prefabrication area, and after the mobile hoisting system lifts the prefabricated components, tow it into the canal. Then, the connection is disconnected and another idle mobile hoisting system is towed to repeat the transfer operation. The floating system is configured to pick up prefabricated components from a mobile hoisting system within the channel, float them to a predetermined location, unload the prefabricated components, and then return.

[0005] In some embodiments, the traction system includes two self-propelled modular flatbed trucks, each equipped with a traction pin connection device. The mobile hoisting system has power docking seats on both sides along its width direction, and the traction pin connection device is detachably connected to the power docking seat.

[0006] In some embodiments, the mobile hoisting system is a tire-mounted gantry crane, which is equipped with a main hook hoisting mechanism and an auxiliary hook hoisting mechanism. The precast component is equipped with a number of main lifting points arranged symmetrically in pairs and four auxiliary lifting points located at the four corner edges of the top of the precast component. The hook of the main hook hoisting mechanism is equipped with a lifting frame, the lifting frame is equipped with a main lifting sling adapted to the main lifting point, and the end of the main lifting sling is connected to a main shackle; The hook of the auxiliary hook lifting mechanism is connected to two auxiliary slings. The ends of the auxiliary slings are connected to a hydraulic leveling cylinder, and the output end of the hydraulic leveling cylinder is connected to a ball joint shackle.

[0007] In some embodiments, both the main lifting point and the auxiliary lifting point include a pre-embedded pad, an anchor bolt, and a lifting lug. The pre-embedded pad is embedded in the precast component, and the anchor bolt is embedded in the precast component and fixedly connected to the pre-embedded pad. One end of the anchor bolt protrudes from the top of the precast component and is detachably connected to the lifting lug.

[0008] In some embodiments, the prefabricated component is a box culvert, and the weight of the prefabricated component is less than 100 tons.

[0009] In some embodiments, the floating system includes a deck bridge and two symmetrically arranged floats connected as one unit by the deck bridge. The deck bridge is provided with a guiding mechanism and a locking mechanism. The guiding mechanism is used to adjust the attitude of the two floats during the lowering of the precast component, and the locking mechanism is used to fix the concrete component to the deck bridge.

[0010] In some embodiments, the guiding mechanism includes a guide wheel assembly located below the deck bridge and adjustable ballast water tanks located within each buoy. The guide wheel assemblies are arranged in pairs on both sides of the deck bridge along its width. Each guide wheel assembly has several inclined rolling wheels that roll in contact with the side surfaces of the precast components to fine-tune the lateral displacement of the floating system during the lowering of the precast components. The adjustable ballast water tanks are connected to a water pump and valve assembly via pipelines, and the amount of ballast water in the left and right buoys is adjusted in real time according to the inclination angle of the buoys during the lowering of the precast components.

[0011] In some embodiments, the locking mechanism includes a plurality of positioning blocks and a plurality of fixing lugs disposed on the deck bridge. The positioning blocks are arranged circumferentially along the outer contour of the precast component. Each positioning block is threadedly connected to a lead screw. The lead screw is provided with a first nut and a second nut. The first nut is disposed on a nut seat, which is fixed to the deck bridge. The second nut is used to axially limit the lead screw. The other end of the lead screw is provided with a turntable. The deck bridge is also provided with a winch. The winch cable passes through the fixing lugs and binds the precast component.

[0012] In some embodiments, corner protectors made of nylon are provided at the contact points between the winch cable and the precast component.

[0013] In some embodiments, positioning mechanisms are provided on both banks of the channel. The positioning mechanism includes a number of positioning piers arranged at intervals along the length of the channel and rollers rotatably supported on the positioning piers. The net width of the channel is greater than the width of the floating system, and the difference is 20mm to 50mm. The positioning piers are also provided with mooring rings, and the floating system is fixedly connected to the mooring rings by cables.

[0014] The technical solution provided in this application may include the following beneficial effects: (1) By using a traction system to cyclically schedule multiple mobile hoisting systems, the cost of equipment purchase and site infrastructure investment can be reduced. At the same time, the hoisting equipment can be avoided during the round-trip operation of the floating system, thereby improving the overall utilization rate of the equipment and the transfer efficiency of multiple canals operating in parallel.

[0015] (2) The mobile hoisting system adopts a dual-mechanism hoisting design with a main hook and an auxiliary hook. With the main hoisting points symmetrically arranged on the precast components and the auxiliary hoisting points arranged at the four corners, the system can ensure the load-bearing safety during the hoisting process. At the same time, the hydraulic leveling cylinders and ball joint shackles can be used to achieve fine-tuning of the posture of the precast components during hoisting and lowering, which can improve the construction safety during the operation.

[0016] (3) By setting a guide mechanism that cooperates with the guide wheel group and the adjustable ballast water tank, the lateral displacement of the floating system is finely adjusted by the guide wheel group during the lowering of the precast components, and dynamic leveling is achieved by adjusting the ballast water volume of the left and right floats in real time. This ensures the stability of the lowering process of the precast components. At the same time, the locking mechanism adopts a dual fixing method of screw-adjustable positioning blocks and winch cable binding. The positioning block limit position is flexibly adjusted according to the outer contour size of the precast components to adapt to the fixing requirements of precast components of different specifications. The fixing reliability is high, reducing the risk of displacement and slippage of the precast components during the floating process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments thereof.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the land transport status of prefabricated components as shown in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water-land docking of prefabricated components shown in the embodiments of this application.

[0019] Figure label: 1. Precast components; 2. Traction system; 3. Mobile hoisting system; 4. Floating system. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Preferred embodiments of the present application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0021] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides a combined transfer equipment, which is suitable for the transfer of small and medium-sized prefabricated components 1 (such as box culverts) weighing less than 100 tons in nearshore shallow water areas from land prefabrication yards to predetermined locations in water areas. Specifically, it includes a traction system 2, multiple mobile hoisting systems 3 and multiple floating systems 4. The land is equipped with a prefabrication area for manufacturing prefabricated components 1, and at least two channels are dug on the land shore, each channel corresponding to a floating transport system 4; The mobile hoisting system 3 is used to hoist the prefabricated components 1; The traction system 2 is configured to tow an idle mobile hoisting system 3 to the prefabrication area. After the mobile hoisting system 3 hoists the prefabricated component 1, it is towed into the canal. Then, the connection is disconnected and another idle mobile hoisting system 3 is towed to repeat the transfer operation. The floating system 4 is configured to pick up the prefabricated component 1 from the mobile hoisting system 3 in the channel, float it to a predetermined location, unload the prefabricated component 1 and return.

[0022] Specifically, the onshore prefabrication area is used for casting, curing, and storing prefabricated components 1. At least two channels are excavated on the shoreline, each channel equipped with a floating transport system 4. The length of the channels is perpendicular to the shoreline or at a predetermined angle, and the bottom and sidewalls are lined with concrete or reinforced with riprap. A mobile hoisting system 3 is used to lift and move prefabricated components 1 over short distances. The traction system 2 is configured to sequentially dispatch idle mobile hoisting systems 3, towing one idle mobile hoisting system 3 to the prefabrication area. After the system completes the hoisting of the prefabricated component 1, it is towed into the corresponding channel and disconnected. Then, the next idle mobile hoisting system 3 is towed, repeating the above operation to achieve cyclical dispatch of multiple hoisting devices. The floating transport system 4 is configured to receive the prefabricated components 1 from the mobile hoisting system 3 within the channels, then float them to a predetermined location in the water to unload the prefabricated components 1, and return empty to await the next retrieval operation.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves the intensive reuse of hoisting equipment by cyclically scheduling multiple mobile hoisting systems 3 through a traction system 2, which can reduce equipment configuration costs and improve the transfer efficiency of parallel operations on multiple canals.

[0024] Furthermore, the traction system 2 includes two self-propelled modular flatbed trucks, each equipped with a traction pin connecting device. The mobile hoisting system 3 has power docking seats on both sides along its width direction, and the traction pin connecting device is detachably connected to the power docking seat.

[0025] Specifically, the self-propelled modular flatbed truck is a heavy-duty transport device with its own diesel engine power system and independent steering capability, representing a mature existing technology in this field. The self-propelled modular flatbed truck is equipped with a towing pin connection device, which is a retractable conical metal pin structure that achieves its extension and retraction via hydraulic drive. The mobile hoisting system 3 has power docking seats on both sides along its width. These docking seats are pin-hole support structures located on the side of the bottom frame of the hoisting system, and the seat body is welded from Q355B structural steel. The towing pin connection device and the power docking seat form a detachable rigid connection via pins. By using two flatbed trucks to dock on both sides of the mobile hoisting system 3, the stability of traction can be improved. Furthermore, the towing pin connection device is easy to install and remove, requiring no large-scale modification to the original structure of the mobile hoisting system 3, and can be adapted to the modification needs of existing equipment.

[0026] Furthermore, the mobile hoisting system 3 is a tire-mounted gantry crane, which is equipped with a main hook hoisting mechanism and an auxiliary hook hoisting mechanism. The precast component 1 is equipped with several main hoisting points arranged symmetrically in pairs and four auxiliary hoisting points located at the four corners of the top of the precast component 1. The hook of the main hook hoisting mechanism is equipped with a lifting frame, the lifting frame is equipped with a main lifting sling adapted to the main lifting point, and the end of the main lifting sling is connected to a main shackle; The hook of the auxiliary hook lifting mechanism is connected to two auxiliary slings. The ends of the auxiliary slings are connected to a hydraulic leveling cylinder, and the output end of the hydraulic leveling cylinder is connected to a ball joint shackle.

[0027] In this embodiment, the mobile hoisting system 3 uses a tire-mounted gantry crane. This type of crane is a gantry-type hoisting equipment with its own tire travel mechanism, which can travel independently along flat ground and is a commonly used equipment for transportation in this field. The tire-mounted gantry crane is equipped with a main hook hoisting mechanism and an auxiliary hook hoisting mechanism. The main hook hoisting mechanism is located in the middle of the gantry beam and bears the main hoisting load. There are two auxiliary hook hoisting mechanisms, distributed on both sides of the main hook, for auxiliary leveling. Several main lifting points are symmetrically arranged in pairs on the precast component 1, and four auxiliary lifting points are located at the four corners of the top of the precast component 1. The main lifting points are symmetrically distributed along the centerline of the length direction of the precast component 1, and the auxiliary lifting points are respectively arranged at the four corners of the top surface of the precast component 1. A lifting frame is provided below the hook of the main hook hoisting mechanism. The lifting frame is a steel frame structure, on which multiple main lifting cables adapted to the main lifting points are arranged. The main lifting cables can be made of galvanized steel wire rope, and the ends are connected to main shackles. The auxiliary hook lifting mechanism has two auxiliary slings connected to its hook. These slings are also made of galvanized steel wire rope, and their ends are connected to a hydraulic leveling cylinder. This cylinder is a single-rod, double-acting hydraulic cylinder with a built-in displacement sensor to precisely control the piston rod stroke. The output end of the hydraulic leveling cylinder is connected to a ball-joint shackle, which is a rotating shackle with a ball-joint structure to accommodate angular deviations during lifting. Through this lifting structure with the main hook bearing the load and the auxiliary hook leveling, the lowering posture of the precast component 1 can be precisely adjusted while ensuring the safety of the lifting load, reducing the risk of collision between the precast component 1 and the floating system 4. In practice, a portable inclinometer can be installed on the top surface of the precast component 1. This inclinometer is electrically connected to the hydraulic leveling cylinder connected to the auxiliary hook lifting mechanism, and the inclinometer integrates a controller. The inclinometer collects roll and pitch angle attitude data of the precast component at a sampling frequency of no less than 10Hz. The preset threshold can be set to roll angle > 2° or pitch angle > 1.5°, and the specific values ​​are adjusted according to the size of the precast component 1 and the hoisting conditions. When the horizontal inclinometer of the precast component 1 exceeds the preset threshold, the controller outputs an adjustment command to the hydraulic leveling cylinder at the corresponding position, driving the piston rod of the cylinder to extend and retract to change the vertical distance between the auxiliary lifting point and the auxiliary hook hoisting mechanism, thereby achieving fine adjustment of the horizontal attitude of the precast component 1. This configuration can actively correct the attitude of the precast component 1 during hoisting, ensuring balanced force on the main lifting point and preventing the corners of the precast component 1 from contacting the floating system 4 before the bottom surface, thus avoiding collision damage.

[0028] Furthermore, both the main lifting point and the auxiliary lifting point include a pre-embedded pad, an anchor bolt, and a lifting lug. The pre-embedded pad is embedded in the precast component 1, and the anchor bolt is embedded in the precast component 1 and fixedly connected to the pre-embedded pad. One end of the anchor bolt is exposed at the top of the precast component 1 and is detachably connected to the lifting lug.

[0029] In this embodiment, the main lifting points and auxiliary lifting points have the same structural form, differing only in their arrangement and functional emphasis. The main lifting points are symmetrically arranged along the longitudinal central axis of the precast component 1, bearing the main lifting load. The auxiliary lifting points are arranged at the four corners of the precast component 1, working in conjunction with the attitude monitoring unit to achieve attitude sensing of the precast component 1. The embedded pads are rectangular or circular Q355B or higher strength structural steel plates with a thickness of 20-30mm, embedded in the concrete of the top slab of the precast component 1, located above the reinforcing steel layer of the precast component 1. Depending on the stress level of the area where the lifting points are located, the embedded pads in the high-stress zone in the middle have a planar size of 600mm×600mm~800mm×800mm, while the embedded pads in the low-stress zone at the edge have a planar size of 400mm×400mm~600mm×600mm. They are fixedly connected to the lower end of the anchor bolts by welding, serving as a load transfer intermediary to evenly distribute the concentrated lifting load borne by the anchor bolts to a larger area of ​​concrete, preventing local concrete from being crushed due to excessive stress. The anchor bolts are high-strength alloy steel bolts with full threads. The lower end has an anchoring end in the form of an L-shaped or bent anchor plate. Depending on the stress requirements, 3 to 5 bolts are arranged in a single row (low stress area at the edge) to 5 bolts (high stress area in the middle). The nominal diameter is 30 to 50 mm, and the material is alloy steel. The lower end is welded and fixed to the embedded pad. The upper end is exposed 50 to 100 mm above the top surface of the top plate of precast component 1. The length of the threaded section exposed above the concrete surface is not less than 1.5 times the thickness of the matching nut. They are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the longitudinal central axis of precast component 1. The total arrangement width of a single row of bolts is 300 to 500 mm. They can be inserted into the gaps of the main reinforcement bars of the top plate of precast component 1 with a spacing of 150 to 200 mm without interfering with the position of the main reinforcement bars. As a force transmission component between the lifting lug and the concrete of precast component 1, the lifting load borne by the lifting lug is transferred to the embedded pad and then distributed to the concrete body of precast component 1. The lifting lugs are specially designed plate-type or U-shaped high-strength steel structures with standardized lifting holes at the top. The diameter of the lifting holes is adapted to the size of the shackle at the end of the sling. The plate thickness is 30~60mm, and the material is high-strength structural steel. The plate surface has bolt holes that match the number and spacing of the anchor bolts. The bolts are detachably fixed to the exposed ends of the anchor bolts with high-strength nuts. Anti-loosening washers can be added between the nuts and the lifting lug plate. During lifting, the bottom surface of the lifting lugs is in contact with the top surface of the precast component 1, and the lifting holes are arranged facing upwards. After the lifting is completed, the nuts and lifting lugs can be removed and recycled in sequence. They serve as the connection medium between the sling and the precast component 1, bearing the tension transmitted by the sling and transferring the load to the anchor bolts.

[0030] To further enhance the load-bearing capacity of the concrete in the lifting point area, additional U-shaped or L-shaped reinforcing bars can be tied around the concrete area surrounding the anchor bolts, reliably connecting them to the main reinforcement of the top slab of precast component 1, reducing the risk of concrete cracking under lifting loads. After the lifting lugs are removed, the exposed sections of the anchor bolts can be coated with anti-rust oil and fitted with waterproof protective caps to prevent corrosion from seawater or environmental media, thus meeting the long-term service requirements of water-related projects.

[0031] Through the above technical solutions, this application can adapt to the main reinforcement arrangement space of the top slab of precast component 1 by using a single row of anchor bolts in conjunction with a load-distribution pad design, thereby reducing reinforcement conflicts; the detachable design of the lifting lugs supports reuse and reduces steel consumption; the large-area force transmission design of the load-distribution pad alleviates local stress concentration in the lifting point area and reduces the risk of concrete cracking; the anti-corrosion protection measures of the anchor bolts extend the service life of the component and meet the service requirements of water-related projects such as coastal nuclear power plants.

[0032] Furthermore, the floating system 4 includes a deck bridge and two symmetrically arranged floats, which are connected as one unit by the deck bridge. The deck bridge is equipped with a guiding mechanism and a locking mechanism. The guiding mechanism is used to adjust the attitude of the two floats during the lowering of the precast component 1, and the locking mechanism is used to fix the concrete component 1 to the deck bridge.

[0033] Specifically, both floating bodies are enclosed box-shaped steel structures, welded from CCS marine steel, with multiple watertight compartments inside to enhance their anti-sinking properties. The deck bridge is a steel planar frame, constructed from H-beams and steel plates welded into a grid-like load-bearing structure. The two floating bodies are fixed to both ends of the deck bridge along its length, forming a double-floating assembly structure. The top surface of the deck bridge is equipped with a guiding mechanism and a locking mechanism. The guiding mechanism is used to adjust the attitude of the two floating bodies during the lowering of the prefabricated components, counteracting the asymmetrical loads generated during the lowering process. The locking mechanism is used to fix the prefabricated components lowered to the deck bridge, preventing displacement of the prefabricated components during floating.

[0034] At both ends of the channel along its length, there are traction winches. The winches are fixed to the concrete foundation on the bank or end of the channel and are connected to the floating system 4 via cables. They are used to drive the floating system 4 to move back and forth along the length of the channel, so as to achieve precise positioning of the floating system 4 at the receiving position. At both ends of the deck bridge along its length, there are towing lugs. The towing lugs are steel lug plates with through holes, made of Q355B structural steel, and welded to the top surface of the steel beam at the end of the deck bridge. The diameter of the through holes is adapted to the size of the shackle of the towing cable, and is used to connect the cables of the traction winches in the channel as well as the cables of the external towing vessels. When the floating system 4 enters the channel, the winch at the end of the channel is connected to the traction lug at the end of the deck bridge via a cable. The cable is wound up and down to drive the floating system 4 to move along the channel to the preset receiving position. The positioning mechanism on the side of the channel is used to fix it. After the floating system 4 carries the prefabricated components and is locked, the positioning mechanism on the side of the channel is released. An external tugboat is then connected to the cable via the traction lug to pull the floating system 4 out of the channel and into open water. The system is then floated to the unloading point along the preset route.

[0035] Furthermore, the guiding mechanism includes a guide wheel assembly located below the deck bridge and adjustable ballast water tanks located within each buoy. The guide wheel assemblies are arranged in pairs on both sides of the deck bridge along the width direction. Each guide wheel assembly has several inclined rolling wheels that roll in contact with the side surface of the prefabricated component 1 to fine-tune the lateral displacement of the floating system 4 during the lowering of the prefabricated component 1. The adjustable ballast water tanks are connected to a water pump and valve assembly via pipelines, and the amount of ballast water in the left and right buoys is adjusted in real time according to the tilt angle of the buoy during the lowering of the prefabricated component 1.

[0036] Specifically, the guide wheel assembly consists of multiple sets of brackets with rolling wheels. The brackets are welded from Q355B structural steel. Each set of brackets has 5 to 10 rolling wheels, with the axis of the rolling wheels inclined at an angle of 10° to 15° to the vertical direction. The guide wheel assemblies are arranged in pairs on both sides of the deck bridge along the width direction. The wheel surfaces face the side surface of the precast component 1 and roll in contact with the side surface of the precast component 1 during the lowering process, fine-tuning the lateral displacement of the floating system 4 in the horizontal direction. The adjustable ballast water tank consists of multiple independent watertight compartments separated at the bottom of the float. Each compartment is equipped with inlet and outlet pipes, electric water pumps, solenoid valves, and tilt sensors. The tilt sensors are installed near the center of gravity of the float to monitor the tilt angle of the float in real time. The pipes are connected to the water pump and valve assembly. During the lowering process of the precast component 1, the ballast water volume in the left and right floats is adjusted in real time according to the tilt angle of the float to balance the draft of the two floats.

[0037] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes several positioning blocks and several fixing ears disposed on the deck bridge. The positioning blocks are arranged circumferentially along the outer contour of the precast component 1. Each positioning block is threadedly connected to a lead screw. The lead screw is provided with a first nut and a second nut. The first nut is disposed on a nut seat, which is fixed to the deck bridge. The second nut is used to axially limit the lead screw. The other end of the lead screw is provided with a turntable. The deck bridge is also provided with a winch. The winch cable is wound around the fixing ears and tied to the precast component 1.

[0038] Specifically, the positioning blocks are L-shaped or rectangular steel blocks, arranged circumferentially along the outer contour of the precast component 1, with the number ranging from 4 to 8 depending on the cross-sectional dimensions of the precast component 1. The positioning blocks are threadedly connected to a lead screw, which is a fully threaded alloy steel rod with a trapezoidal thread rolled onto its surface. A first nut and a second nut are screwed onto the lead screw. The first nut is welded and fixed to a nut seat, which is a steel support fixed to the top frame of the deck bridge by welding or bolting. The second nut is screwed onto the lead screw and tightly against the end face of the nut seat, used to axially limit the lead screw and prevent it from loosening due to vibration. A turntable is provided at the end of the lead screw away from the positioning blocks. The turntable has a disc-shaped structure with several gripping holes on its surface, facilitating manual rotation of the lead screw by the operator. A winch, a JM series slow-speed electric winch, is also installed on the deck bridge. It is bolted to the top corner area of ​​the deck bridge. The winch cable is wound around a fixing lug and tied to the precast component 1. The fixing lug is a steel lug plate with through holes, welded to the top edge of the deck bridge and close to the four corners of the precast component 1. The remaining structure is as described above and will not be repeated here. This embodiment uses a combination of mechanical limiting by a screw-adjustable positioning block and the clamping fixation of the winch cable to accommodate precast components 1 with different cross-sectional dimensions. The dual fixing method provides high reliability and reduces the risk of displacement or slippage of the precast component 1 during floating.

[0039] In addition, corner protectors are provided at the contact points between the winch cable and the precast component 1. These corner protectors are L-shaped or right-angled trapezoidal blocks with arc-shaped grooves adapted to the cable. They are injection molded from MC nylon or PA66 nylon, with a Shore hardness of 80-90 HD and a surface friction coefficient greater than 0.4. The corner protectors are not rigidly connected and are directly placed at the contact points between the cable and the corners of the precast component 1, located between the cable and the concrete surface of the precast component 1. The remaining structure is as described above and will not be repeated here. This embodiment uses the cushioning effect of the nylon corner protectors to prevent damage to the concrete corners of the precast component 1 during cable tightening. Simultaneously, the high friction coefficient of nylon improves the anti-slip performance of the cable binding, ensuring reliable fixation.

[0040] Furthermore, positioning mechanisms are provided on both sides of the channel. The positioning mechanism includes a number of positioning piers arranged at intervals along the length of the channel and rollers rotatably supported on the positioning piers. The net width of the channel is greater than the width of the floating system 4, and the difference is 20mm~50mm. Mooring rings are also provided on the positioning piers, and the floating system 4 is fixedly connected to the mooring rings by cables.

[0041] Specifically, the positioning piers are solid reinforced concrete piers, fixed to the rock, soil, or concrete foundation on the bank of the canal by rebar or embedded parts. They are spaced 2-5 meters apart along the length of the canal. A bearing seat mounting plate is embedded on the side of the pier facing the inner side of the canal for installing the support components of the rollers. The rollers are hollow seamless steel pipes or solid alloy steel shafts with an outer diameter of 100-200mm. Their length matches the height of the side wall above the waterline of the four floats in the floating system. The outer circumference of the rollers is covered with an 8-15mm thick nylon or polyurethane wear-resistant layer to reduce noise and wear during rolling. Both ends of the rollers are supported on the bearing seats of the positioning piers by rolling bearings. The bearings are waterproof bearings with lip seals to meet the corrosion resistance requirements of the water-related environment. The clear width of the channel is greater than the total width between the outer walls of the two floats of the floating system 4, with the difference controlled within the range of 20mm to 50mm. During the movement of the floating system 4 along the length of the channel, the outer walls of the two floats roll into contact with rollers on both banks. The circumference of the rollers restricts the lateral displacement of the floating system 4. Simultaneously, the rotation of the rollers converts the sliding friction between the floats and the bank structures into rolling friction, reducing the running resistance and sidewall wear during the movement of the floating system 4. A mooring ring is also installed on the top surface of the positioning pier. The mooring ring is a steel component with a circular ring, fixed to the top surface of the positioning pier by welding or bolts. After the floating system 4 is in place, it is fixedly connected to the mooring ring by cables, achieving longitudinal positioning of the floating system 4 within the channel.

[0042] The various embodiments of this application have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A combined transfer device, characterized in that, It includes a traction system, multiple mobile hoisting systems, and multiple floating systems; The land is equipped with a prefabrication area for manufacturing prefabricated components, and at least two channels are dug on the land shore, each channel corresponding to a floating transport system; The mobile hoisting system is used for hoisting prefabricated components; The traction system is configured to tow an idle mobile hoisting system to the prefabrication area, and after the mobile hoisting system lifts the prefabricated components, tow it into the canal. Then, the connection is disconnected and another idle mobile hoisting system is towed to repeat the transfer operation. The floating system is configured to pick up prefabricated components from a mobile hoisting system within the channel, float them to a predetermined location, unload the prefabricated components, and then return.

2. The combined transfer device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traction system includes two self-propelled modular flatbed trucks, each equipped with a traction pin connecting device. The mobile hoisting system has power docking seats on both sides along its width direction, and the traction pin connecting device is detachably connected to the power docking seat.

3. The combined transfer equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile hoisting system is a tire-mounted gantry crane. The tire-mounted gantry crane is equipped with a main hook hoisting mechanism and an auxiliary hook hoisting mechanism. The precast component is equipped with several main hoisting points arranged symmetrically in pairs and four auxiliary hoisting points located at the four corners of the top of the precast component. The hook of the main hook hoisting mechanism is equipped with a lifting frame, the lifting frame is equipped with a main lifting sling adapted to the main lifting point, and the end of the main lifting sling is connected to a main shackle; The hook of the auxiliary hook lifting mechanism is connected to two auxiliary slings. The ends of the auxiliary slings are connected to a hydraulic leveling cylinder, and the output end of the hydraulic leveling cylinder is connected to a ball joint shackle.

4. The combined transfer device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the main lifting point and the auxiliary lifting point include a pre-embedded pad, an anchor bolt, and a lifting lug. The pre-embedded pad is embedded in the precast component, and the anchor bolt is embedded in the precast component and fixedly connected to the pre-embedded pad. One end of the anchor bolt is exposed on the top of the precast component and is detachably connected to the lifting lug.

5. The combined transfer device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prefabricated component is a box culvert, and the weight of the prefabricated component is less than 100 tons.

6. The combined transfer device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating system includes a deck bridge and two symmetrically arranged floats connected as one unit by the deck bridge. The deck bridge is equipped with a guiding mechanism and a locking mechanism. The guiding mechanism is used to adjust the attitude of the two floats during the lowering of the precast components, and the locking mechanism is used to fix the concrete components to the deck bridge.

7. The combined transfer device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guiding mechanism includes a guide wheel assembly located below the deck bridge and adjustable ballast water tanks located within each buoy. The guide wheel assemblies are arranged in pairs on both sides of the deck bridge along its width. Each guide wheel assembly has several inclined rolling wheels that roll in contact with the side surfaces of the precast components to fine-tune the lateral displacement of the floating system during the lowering of the precast components. The adjustable ballast water tanks are connected to a water pump and valve assembly via pipelines, and the amount of ballast water in the left and right buoys is adjusted in real time according to the tilt angle of the buoys during the lowering of the precast components.

8. The combined transfer device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The locking mechanism includes several positioning blocks and several fixing ears on the deck bridge. The positioning blocks are arranged circumferentially along the outer contour of the precast component. Each positioning block is threadedly connected to a lead screw. The lead screw is provided with a first nut and a second nut. The first nut is provided on a nut seat, which is fixed to the deck bridge. The second nut is used to axially limit the lead screw. The other end of the lead screw is provided with a turntable. The deck bridge is also provided with a winch. The winch cable passes through the fixing ears and is used to bind the precast component.

9. The combined transfer device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The contact area between the winch cable and the precast component is padded with corner protectors made of nylon material.

10. The combined transfer device according to claim 9, characterized in that, Positioning mechanisms are provided on both banks of the channel. Each positioning mechanism includes several positioning piers arranged at intervals along the length of the channel and rollers rotatably supported on the positioning piers. The net width of the channel is greater than the width of the floating system, and the difference is 20mm to 50mm. Mooring rings are also provided on the positioning piers, and the floating system is fixedly connected to the mooring rings by cables.

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