Road vibration isolation structure with spring support and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a road vibration isolation structure with spring supports and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of road engineering, and comprises: a plurality of steel spring supports arranged and fixed on a supporting foundation, connecting devices fixed between the steel spring supports, and UHPC prefabricated concrete slabs connected by the connecting devices to form an integral cooperative stress structure; the UHPC prefabricated concrete slabs are connected by transverse butt joints and shear hinges; and a steel reinforcement framework is arranged in the UHPC prefabricated concrete slabs. The steel spring vibration reduction technology is combined with the UHPC material technology, so that the vibration reduction, noise reduction, ultrahigh strength and excellent durability of the road structure are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of road engineering and structural vibration control technology, and more specifically, to a road vibration isolation structure with spring supports and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing traffic load on urban roads and the growing demands for vibration control, vibration reduction and isolation measures are gradually being introduced into existing road structures to reduce the impact of traffic vibrations on surrounding structures and the environment. However, existing technologies still have the following shortcomings in practical engineering applications: 1. Limited ability to control low- and medium-frequency traffic vibrations: Existing road structures mostly adopt rigid or semi-rigid support systems, which have poor matching characteristics with the low- and medium-frequency vibrations generated by traffic loads. The vibration energy is difficult to attenuate effectively and is easily transmitted to the surrounding environment and adjacent buildings through the road structure.

[0003] 2. It is difficult to balance vibration isolation and load-bearing performance: While existing vibration isolation road structures improve vibration isolation, their overall stiffness is significantly reduced, which can easily affect the load-bearing capacity and driving safety of the road structure, making it difficult to achieve a balance between vibration control and structural safety.

[0004] 3. Local fatigue damage is prone to occur under low stiffness vibration isolation conditions: After the introduction of low-stiffness vibration isolation support structure, stress concentration is prone to occur in the support part and plate end area of ​​the crane plate. Under long-term repeated dynamic load, fatigue cracks and local damage will occur, resulting in degradation of the structure's dynamic performance.

[0005] 4. Insufficient service durability of vibration isolation structures: Existing vibration isolation structures mostly use rubber or composite materials, whose mechanical properties are easily affected by environmental and time effects, resulting in aging, creep, or performance degradation, making it difficult to maintain the vibration isolation effect in the long term.

[0006] 5. Insufficient cooperative load-bearing capacity among structural components: In existing technologies, the road deck, supporting components and their connection methods often lack overall coordinated design, which can easily lead to sudden changes in stiffness and uneven stress, affecting the overall performance of the road structure and increasing the difficulty of later maintenance.

[0007] 6. Insufficient adaptability to construction and maintenance: Vibration isolation road structures involve complex construction procedures, a large amount of on-site work, and inconvenient replacement of vibration isolation components, making it difficult to meet the engineering requirements of rapid construction, prefabricated construction, and convenient maintenance in the later stages. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention proposes a road vibration isolation structure with spring supports and its construction method to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a road vibration isolation structure with spring supports, comprising: UHPC precast concrete slabs, steel spring supports, connecting devices and supporting foundations; Several steel spring supports are arranged and fixed on the supporting foundation, and the connecting device is fixed between the steel spring supports. The UHPC precast concrete slabs are connected by the connecting device to form an integral and cooperative load-bearing structure. The transverse joints between the UHPC precast concrete slabs are also connected by shear hinges. A steel reinforcement skeleton is provided inside the UHPC precast concrete slab.

[0010] Optionally, the components of the UHPC precast concrete slab include cement, silica fume, fly ash, quartz sand, steel fiber and high-efficiency water-reducing agent, and the UHPC precast concrete slab is provided with a double-layer bidirectional steel mesh inside.

[0011] Optionally, the steel spring support is provided with a base at its bottom, and the base is fixed to the support foundation by means of a detachable structure; the steel spring support is also equipped with a damper.

[0012] Optionally, the supporting foundation is made of reinforced concrete.

[0013] Optionally, the connecting device includes a beam support, longitudinal beams, and transverse beams; the longitudinal beams and transverse beams are made of H-beams, the beam support is fixed on the steel spring support, the longitudinal beams and transverse beams are detachably mounted on the beam supports of adjacent steel spring supports, and the UHPC precast concrete slab is detachably fixed on the longitudinal beams and transverse beams.

[0014] Optionally, the connected UHPC precast concrete slab is covered with an asphalt concrete surface layer.

[0015] Optionally, the joints between the UHPC precast concrete slabs are filled and sealed with epoxy resin mortar or UHPC-specific adhesive.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention provides a prefabrication and assembly construction method based on the above-mentioned road vibration isolation structure, including: Precast UHPC precast concrete slabs; construct a supporting foundation, install several steel spring supports on the supporting foundation, and install connecting devices between the steel spring supports; hoist the UHPC precast concrete slabs onto the connecting devices; connect the UHPC precast concrete slabs and the connecting devices, tension and anchor prestressed steel bars inside the UHPC precast concrete slabs, and install shear hinges on the UHPC precast concrete slabs; lay an asphalt concrete surface layer on the installed UHPC precast concrete slabs.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for replacing and repairing the road vibration isolation structure described above, including: Temporarily support the adjacent slabs of the UHPC precast concrete slab to be replaced; disconnect the UHPC precast concrete slab to be replaced from the corresponding connecting device to release the tension of the reinforcing steel inside the UHPC precast concrete slab; remove the UHPC precast concrete slab to be replaced, check the nearest steel spring support to the UHPC precast concrete slab to be replaced, if the steel spring support needs to be replaced, remove the steel spring support connection and replace the steel spring support; replace the UHPC precast concrete slab to be replaced with a new UHPC precast concrete slab, restore the tension of the reinforcing steel and the connection with the corresponding connecting device, and verify to complete the entire replacement and repair.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Based on the overall dynamic performance and engineering application requirements of existing road vibration reduction structures, this invention proposes a coordinated design for the driving slab, vibration isolation support structure, and their connection methods. This effectively improves the control effect of low- and medium-frequency traffic vibrations, reduces the risk of structural fatigue damage, and enhances the durability and reliability of the vibration isolation structure, while also considering the needs of prefabricated construction and subsequent maintenance and replacement. The invention offers a steel spring-supported UHPC precast concrete slab road structure system and construction method, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. Significantly improves the isolation effect against low- and mid-frequency traffic vibrations: This invention improves the overall dynamic characteristics of the road structure by rationally setting the vibration isolation support structure, effectively reducing the propagation of low- and medium-frequency traffic vibrations to the surrounding environment and adjacent buildings and structures.

[0019] 2. Achieve a balance between vibration isolation performance and structural load-bearing capacity: While ensuring the load-bearing capacity and safety of the road structure, this invention also takes into account the vibration isolation requirements, so that the road structure can achieve a reasonable balance between vibration control and load-bearing performance.

[0020] 3. Reduce the risk of fatigue damage at the support components and plate ends: By optimizing the structure of the crane deck and its connection with the supporting components, the stress on the structure is made more uniform, effectively reducing stress concentration and delaying the occurrence of fatigue cracks and local damage.

[0021] 4. Improve the durability and reliability of vibration isolation structures: This invention employs a vibration isolation structure with stable mechanical properties to avoid the attenuation of vibration isolation performance due to material aging or creep, thus ensuring the long-term stability of vibration control.

[0022] 5. Improve the overall structural performance of the road: By systematically designing the driving deck, supporting components, and connection methods, the coordinated stress and collaborative operation of each structural unit are achieved, thereby improving the overall performance of the road structure.

[0023] 6. Improve the applicability and ease of maintenance of the project: The structure of this invention is suitable for prefabricated construction, has high construction efficiency, and the supporting components are easy to replace and maintain, which helps to improve the engineering applicability and promotion value of road structures. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a detailed view of the steel spring support structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of the UHPC precast concrete slab in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection device in an embodiment of the present invention; Among them, 1-ordinary concrete slab; 2-longitudinal beam; 3-crossbeam; 4-steel spring support; 5-prestressed steel bar; 6-shear hinge; 7-UHPC precast concrete slab; 8-asphalt concrete surface layer; 9-beam support; 10-fixing bolt; 11-base; 12-prestressed steel bar reserved pipe; 13-connecting bolt reserved hole; 14-shear hinge reserved hole; 15-shear hinge reserved groove; 16-longitudinal beam upper flange plate bolt hole; 17-longitudinal beam lower flange plate bolt hole; 18-crossbeam upper flange plate bolt hole; 19-crossbeam lower flange plate bolt hole; 20-base fixing bolt hole. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] In existing municipal road engineering projects, road structure design primarily aims to meet vehicle load-bearing capacity and driving safety. To address vibration issues caused by traffic loads, engineering practices typically reduce structural vibration response through methods such as lowering the overall stiffness of the road structure, thickening the roadbed, installing semi-rigid base courses, and using vibration-damping and noise-reducing asphalt pavement. However, this approach can easily lead to the following problems: 1. Noise issue: The dynamic loads generated by vehicles traveling on urban roads are mainly low-to-mid frequency vibrations of 5–30 Hz. Vibrations in this frequency range are difficult to attenuate and can easily propagate through the road structure to the surrounding soil and adjacent buildings. When the overall stiffness of the road structure is high or the vibration isolation measures are insufficient, the vibration response is difficult to reduce effectively, leading to excessive indoor vibration, disruption of the operation of precision instruments, and in severe cases, affecting the normal use of buildings.

[0027] 2. Hazards of cracks: Under repeated traffic loads, road slabs or asphalt pavements are subjected to the combined effects of repeated wheel loads and additional stresses from vehicle vibrations over long periods. Road structures using ordinary concrete road slabs are prone to fatigue cracks at the slab ends and support points. Crack widths are typically 0.1–0.5 mm, and crack lengths can reach 0.5–2.0 m. The formation of cracks not only weakens the overall stiffness of the road slab but also provides channels for moisture and harmful media to penetrate, accelerating the deterioration of structural performance.

[0028] 3. Durability issues: Existing road vibration isolation structures mostly use flexible materials such as rubber pads and elastic layers. Under long-term loads and environmental effects, their mechanical properties are prone to aging and creep, and the equivalent stiffness gradually increases, causing the natural frequency of the road structure to shift upward. When the system's natural frequency approaches the dominant frequency of traffic vibration, the vibration isolation effect decreases significantly, and even local vibration amplification may occur.

[0029] 4. Structural coordination issues: In prefabricated road structures, the mismatch in stress performance between the driving deck, vibration isolation support components, and connecting parts is a common problem. When the driving deck has insufficient stiffness or the support structure deforms excessively, the overall structural synergy decreases, leading to increased additional displacement, joint opening, and localized eccentric loading, further weakening the road structure's load-bearing capacity and long-term service reliability.

[0030] 5. Construction efficiency issues: Existing road vibration isolation or reinforcement structures mostly adopt cast-in-place construction methods, which involve complex construction procedures and long cycles, typically requiring 14–28 days to restore traffic. In busy traffic sections, long-term road closures for construction have a significant impact on urban traffic operations and the surrounding environment, and the construction quality is greatly affected by site conditions, making it difficult to meet the requirements of urban road engineering for rapid construction and standardized construction.

[0031] The development of related technologies can be mainly categorized into the following four types, with their technical characteristics and limitations as follows: The core principle of the steel spring floating slab road structure is to support the entire floating slab with steel springs and use elastic deformation to reduce the natural frequency of the system, thereby isolating the vibration of vehicle loads. Its vibration reduction effect is significant for low-frequency vibration (about 10–40Hz), and it can significantly reduce vibration acceleration and noise. It is suitable for urban roads, roads over underground spaces, and areas sensitive to low-frequency traffic vibration. Its main limitations are high cost, complex structure, and difficulty in replacement after damage. The core principle of the steel spring-rubber composite vibration isolation bearing is that the steel spring reduces the natural frequency of the system, while the rubber material dissipates energy through viscoelasticity. The two work together to achieve vibration isolation and reduction. Its vibration reduction effect is that the spring isolates vibration at low frequencies, while the rubber dissipates energy at medium and high frequencies, resulting in a relatively smooth vibration response. It is suitable for applications such as floating slabs in rail transit, building vibration isolation, bridges, and some road structures. Its main limitations are that rubber is prone to aging and creep, leading to long-term performance degradation; its stiffness is unstable under heavy loads; it is not conducive to integrated assembly with UHPC precast concrete slabs; and its maintenance and replacement costs are relatively high. The core principle of lead-core rubber bearings is that rubber provides horizontal flexibility and lead core yields and dissipates energy. The two work together to achieve vibration reduction. Its vibration reduction effect is that it can reduce vertical vibration acceleration and has good vibration isolation efficiency. It is suitable for elevated bridges, urban interchanges and ramp bridges, and road structures with high seismic requirements. Its main limitation is that temperature affects the performance of lead core and it is prone to fatigue under long-term cyclic load. The core principle of the ring spring-friction pendulum composite seismic isolation bearing is that the ring spring is used for vertical vibration isolation and the friction pendulum mechanism is used for horizontal vibration isolation. Its vibration reduction effect is that it can reduce both horizontal and vertical vibration response at the same time. It is applicable to building seismic isolation and underground structural nodes. Its main limitation is that it is mainly designed for seismic action and differs greatly from the vibration conditions of road vehicles.

[0032] Furthermore, the Chinese invention patent with announcement number CN105970750A discloses that its core innovation lies in constructing a prefabricated road system supported by steel spring vibration isolators and a grid-type steel frame. Its technical solution aims to achieve both convenient construction and vibration isolation through factory prefabrication of components and rapid on-site assembly. While all components are prefabricated and on-site assembly is highly efficient, the roadway slabs still use ordinary precast concrete, which has limited compressive strength, crack resistance, and durability. Under heavy traffic and harsh environments, it is prone to cracking and damage, resulting in high maintenance costs and a short service life. It also shows significant shortcomings in long-term reliability, heavy-load adaptability, and long-term maintenance, requiring further development.

[0033] Chinese invention patent CN118979514A describes a customized vibration isolation foundation design method for specific industrial scenarios, primarily targeting high-precision electronic industrial plants and other fields with stringent environmental vibration requirements. It utilizes irregularly shaped concrete slabs to provide mass and rubber blocks to provide elasticity and damping, combined with precise calculations, aiming to provide an economical, efficient, and stable vibration isolation solution for high-precision equipment to address the complex vibration challenges in industrial environments. However, in terms of materials, its core components rely on ordinary concrete and rubber blocks. The irregularly shaped concrete slabs use ordinary concrete, which has low tensile strength and high brittleness, making it prone to cracking in stress concentration areas under long-term vibration loads, altering the structural dynamic characteristics and leading to a decline in vibration isolation performance. The rubber blocks, as the core vibration isolation element, experience mechanical property aging with temperature and time, posing risks of creep and stiffness changes. Relying on conventional materials limits long-term stability and durability, requiring further improvement.

[0034] Chinese invention patent CN118066253A proposes an innovative transformer vibration control solution. Its core technology lies in constructing a composite load-bearing system of a reinforced concrete slab and steel spring isolators. This solution uses a reinforced concrete slab as an inertial mass block, working in conjunction with multiple sets of steel spring isolators arranged around the slab to form a vibration isolation system with a low natural frequency, effectively blocking structural vibrations generated during transformer operation. The use of modular prefabricated components enables rapid on-site assembly, significantly shortening the construction cycle. Structurally, the external layout avoids the special space requirements of traditional built-in vibration isolation devices, improving space utilization. However, the reinforced concrete slab, as the core component, still uses conventional concrete materials, whose fatigue resistance is insufficient to meet the durability requirements of long-term vibration environments. These factors, to some extent, limit the application potential of this technology in high-standard vibration control scenarios. While this patent demonstrates practical value in the design of the vibration isolation system configuration, there is still room for improvement in material performance optimization and long-term reliability.

[0035] In summary, both steel spring vibration isolation technology and UHPC material technology have become mature or rapidly developing solutions, demonstrating superior performance in specific fields. However, in the field of road engineering, especially in scenarios that require simultaneously addressing the three major challenges of vibration, durability, and efficiency, there is still a lack of innovative integrated solutions that systematically and deeply combine the two.

[0036] This invention relates to the field of road engineering and structural vibration control technology. With the continuous increase in urban road traffic volume and vehicle axle load, traffic vibration has adversely affected the functionality of surrounding buildings, indoor environmental comfort, and the durability of the road structure itself. Traditional technologies reduce vibration impact by increasing structural stiffness or adding ordinary elastic layers, which easily leads to problems such as decreased vibration isolation performance, structural fatigue damage, and high maintenance costs. Therefore, developing a new road structure technology that can balance road load-bearing capacity and vibration control effect, while possessing good long-term durability and construction adaptability, is of great significance. Specifically, this invention relates to a prefabricated road structure system and its construction method for reducing the propagation of low- and medium-frequency vibrations under traffic loads. It focuses on enhancing the dynamic stability and service reliability of road structures under traffic vibration, and is suitable for roads in vibration-sensitive areas such as hospitals, schools, and research buildings, as well as adjacent existing buildings, underground structures, or other municipal road projects with high vibration control requirements. This invention aims to solve the problems of poor vibration reduction performance and insufficient durability of traditional road structures.

[0037] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention focuses on solving the following five core technical problems: 1. How to ensure that the road structure meets the vehicle load-bearing capacity while effectively reducing the propagation impact of vibration to the surrounding environment and adjacent buildings and structures under long-term repeated action of low- and medium-frequency traffic vibration.

[0038] 2. How to avoid fatigue cracks and local damage to the road deck at the support and end areas due to repeated dynamic loads while introducing low-stiffness vibration isolation support structures to improve vibration control, thereby ensuring the long-term stability of the overall dynamic performance of the road structure.

[0039] 3. How to prevent the vibration isolation structure from losing its vibration isolation effect due to material aging, creep, or changes in mechanical properties during long-term service, and ensure that the vibration control performance of the road structure has good durability and reliability.

[0040] 4. How to achieve coordinated stress and coordinated operation among road vehicle decks, supporting components and their connection methods, so as to avoid structural performance degradation and maintenance difficulties caused by performance mismatch of various structural units in the existing technology.

[0041] 5. How to improve the engineering applicability of road structures while meeting the requirements of vibration control and structural durability, and taking into account the actual needs of road engineering for rapid construction, prefabricated construction, and later replacement and maintenance.

[0042] To solve the aforementioned technical problems and achieve the relevant technical objectives, this invention provides a road vibration isolation structure with spring supports, employing an integral steel spring support UHPC precast concrete slab road structure, comprising the following: This invention provides a road vibration isolation structure with spring supports. It relates to a road structure composed of UHPC high-rigidity precast slabs, low-frequency steel spring supports, and detachable connections. Through the synergistic effect of high-rigidity load bearing and low-frequency vibration isolation, it can achieve traffic vibration isolation while meeting road load requirements, and has the ability to be quickly replaced and maintained.

[0043] This invention discloses a UHPC precast concrete slab road structure and construction method with steel spring supports, belonging to the field of road engineering technology. The structure includes 7 UHPC precast concrete slab units, 4 steel spring supports, a supporting foundation, and connecting devices. The 7 UHPC precast concrete slab units are made of ultra-high performance concrete material with a compressive strength ≥150MPa and an internal steel reinforcement skeleton. The steel spring supports 4 are located below the slab, providing elastic support and vibration damping. The connecting devices connect adjacent slabs into a unified structure. This invention combines steel spring vibration damping technology with UHPC material technology to achieve vibration reduction and noise reduction, ultra-high strength, and excellent durability in the road structure. Vibration transmission loss reaches 15-30dB, service life is extended to 50-100 years, and the construction cycle is shortened by 60-80%. It is suitable for urban roads, highways, and roads in special sensitive areas, and has significant technical, economic, and socio-environmental benefits.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a road vibration isolation structure with spring supports, comprising: It includes multiple UHPC precast concrete slab units 7, multiple steel spring supports 4, a supporting foundation, and connecting devices; each UHPC precast concrete slab unit 7 has an internal steel reinforcement skeleton, a slab thickness of 120-200mm, and a compressive strength ≥150MPa; the steel spring supports 4 are located below the UHPC precast concrete slab units 7; the supporting foundation is a reinforced concrete structure used to fix the steel spring supports 4; the connecting devices include longitudinal and transverse connections, used to connect adjacent UHPC precast concrete slab units 7 into an integral structure.

[0045] Multiple UHPC precast concrete slab 7 units, each UHPC precast concrete slab 7 unit is equipped with a double-layer steel reinforcement skeleton inside, and serves as a high-rigidity, high-crack-resistant load-bearing component for road vehicles; Among them, such as Figure 3As shown, prestressed steel reinforcement reserved pipes 12 are arranged sequentially inside the UHPC precast concrete slab 7, wherein the prestressed steel reinforcement reserved pipes 12 are filled with prestressed steel reinforcement 5. The top perimeter of the UHPC precast concrete slab 7 is provided with reserved holes 13 for connecting bolts. The UHPC precast concrete slab 7 is fixed to the connecting device by bolts through the reserved holes 13. The top of the UHPC precast concrete slab 7 is also provided with a shear hinge reserved groove 15 and a shear hinge reserved hole 14. The shear hinge reserved groove 15 or the shear hinge reserved hole 14 is used to fix the shear hinge 6, and the shear hinge 6 is used to shearly connect two adjacent UHPC precast concrete slabs 7.

[0046] Multiple steel spring supports 4, such as Figure 2 As shown, the steel spring bearing 4 is disposed between the UHPC precast concrete slab 7 unit and the lower support foundation, and each steel spring bearing 4 is used to form an elastic support system for the road structure; wherein, a base 11 is provided at the bottom of the steel spring bearing 4, and the base 11 is fixed to the support foundation by fixing bolts 10. The steel spring bearing 4 is also equipped with a damper.

[0047] The supporting foundation is a plain concrete slab 1, which is used to fix the steel spring support. The plain concrete slab 1 is made of reinforced concrete.

[0048] The connecting device includes a beam support 9 on a steel spring support 4, a longitudinal beam 2 connection, and a transverse beam 3 connection, used to connect adjacent UHPC precast concrete slab 7 units into an integral and cooperative load-bearing structure.

[0049] Among them, such as Figure 4 As shown, a beam support 9 is provided on the steel spring support 4, and a longitudinal beam 2 and a transverse beam 3 are mounted between the beam supports 9 of adjacent steel spring supports 4. The top of the longitudinal beam 2 is provided with bolt holes 16 for the upper flange plate of the longitudinal beam. The bolt holes 16 for the upper flange plate of the longitudinal beam are connected to the pre-reserved holes 13 for connecting bolts and are fixed by bolts to fix the UHPC precast concrete slab 7 to the longitudinal beam 2. The bottom ends of the longitudinal beam 2 are provided with bolt holes 17 for the lower flange plate of the longitudinal beam. The longitudinal beam 2 is fixed to the beam support 9 by bolts through the bolt holes 17 for the lower flange plate of the longitudinal beam. The top of the crossbeam 3 is provided with bolt holes 18 for the upper flange plate of the crossbeam. The bolt holes 18 for the upper flange plate of the crossbeam are connected to the pre-reserved holes 13 for connecting bolts and are fixed by bolts to fix the UHPC precast concrete slab 7 to the crossbeam 3. The bottom two ends of the crossbeam 3 are provided with bolt holes 19 for the lower flange plate of the crossbeam. The crossbeam 3 is fixed to the beam support 9 by bolts through the bolt holes 19 for the lower flange plate of the crossbeam.

[0050] The base 11 of the steel spring support 4 is provided with a base fixing bolt hole 20, and the base 11 is fixed to the ordinary concrete slab 1 by fixing bolts 10 through the base fixing bolt hole 20.

[0051] An asphalt concrete surface layer 8 is covered on the laid UHPC precast concrete slab 7.

[0052] Specifically, the high stiffness load-bearing characteristics of the UHPC precast concrete slab 7 unit and the low-frequency elastic support characteristics of the steel spring support 4 complement each other and are connected by a detachable connection method. This enables the road structure to effectively reduce the transmission of traffic vibration to the substructure and improve the ability to quickly replace and maintain while meeting the requirements of traffic load-bearing capacity, thereby achieving a synergistic improvement in the load-bearing performance and vibration reduction performance of the road structure.

[0053] The components, their material parameters, and functions in this structural system are as follows: Ordinary concrete slab 1 (lower connecting slab) is made of C40 concrete with a thickness of 80-150mm, and bears the role of foundation force transmission and structural stability; The fixing bolt 10 is grade 10.9 with a diameter of M16-M24. It is used to firmly fix the steel spring support 4 to the lower connecting plate so that the steel spring support 4 can function. The steel spring support 4 is a steel helical spring, which reduces the overall natural frequency of the structural system and achieves traffic vibration isolation; the stiffness of the steel spring support 4 is 2-8kN / mm and the damping ratio is 0.05-0.15.

[0054] The beam support 9 is made of Q345 steel plate, which realizes the assembly connection and force transmission between the steel spring support 4 and the H-beam; Both longitudinal beam 2 and transverse beam 3 are made of H-beams, which are made of Q345 steel plates, to achieve the assembly connection and force transmission between the steel spring support 4 and the UHPC precast concrete slab 7. The UHPC precast concrete slab 7 (upper connecting slab) is made of UHPC with a thickness of 40-80mm, forming a high-rigidity, high-durability prefabricated load-bearing slab. The UHPC precast concrete slab 7 unit is a composite structure, including an upper UHPC panel and a lower ordinary concrete slab. The upper UHPC panel has a thickness of 40-80mm and a compressive strength ≥150MPa, while the lower ordinary concrete slab has a thickness of 80-150mm and a strength grade ≥C40. The UHPC precast concrete slab 7 unit contains a double-layer, two-way steel mesh with steel bars of 8-12mm diameter and a spacing of 100-150mm.

[0055] Shear hinge 6 is a Q345 steel shear stud with a diameter of 13-22mm, which enhances the shear connection capacity between adjacent UHPC precast concrete slabs 7; The connecting bolts are grade 10.9, with diameters of M16-M24, to achieve a reliable connection between the upper road structure, UHPC precast concrete slab 7 and the lower support structure, taking into account both load-bearing capacity and assembly efficiency. The asphalt concrete surface layer 8 is made of asphalt concrete with a thickness of 8-10cm, forming a functional layer for driving and having a certain attenuation effect on high-frequency vibration.

[0056] Specifically, the details of each structure are as follows: 1. Structural and material design of UHPC precast concrete slab 7: This invention uses UHPC precast concrete slab 7 as the basic load-bearing unit for road vehicle decks. Its design goal is to meet the load-bearing capacity of the road structure while taking into account the crack resistance, fatigue resistance and overall stiffness stability under low stiffness vibration isolation support conditions.

[0057] The UHPC precast concrete slab 7 uses a high-performance composite system composed of cement, silica fume, fly ash, quartz sand, steel fibers, and a high-efficiency water-reducing agent. The steel fibers form a uniformly distributed microscale reinforcing network within the matrix, significantly improving the slab's tensile strength, crack control, and fatigue durability. Compared to ordinary concrete, UHPC materials are less prone to penetrating cracks under repeated dynamic loading, making them particularly suitable for vibration-isolated road structures where support stresses fluctuate repeatedly.

[0058] Based on this, a double-layer, two-way steel mesh is installed inside the slab, with steel bars having a diameter of 8–12 mm and a spacing of 100–150 mm. This level of reinforcement is significantly higher than the minimum structural reinforcement requirements for conventional pavement slabs or precast concrete slabs. The purpose is to effectively disperse localized concentrated stress and suppress fatigue damage development at the slab ends and support areas by forming a stable load-bearing skeleton, in conjunction with the synergistic effect of the UHPC matrix and steel fibers.

[0059] Regarding the dimensions of the slabs, the length of each UHPC precast concrete slab 7 is controlled between 3000 and 6000 mm, the width between 1500 and 3000 mm, and the thickness between 120 and 200 mm. This ensures overall rigidity and ease of construction while also considering the needs of transportation, hoisting, and assembly. The compressive strength of the UHPC slab is not less than 150 MPa, providing a reliable upper load-bearing foundation for the subsequent low-rigidity vibration isolation support system.

[0060] 2. Design principle and composition of steel spring support 4: To effectively control low- and medium-frequency traffic vibrations, this invention incorporates steel spring supports 4 as vibration isolation supports between the UHPC precast concrete slab 7 and the underlying foundation. Compared to traditional rigid or semi-rigid support methods, the steel spring supports 4 can significantly reduce the equivalent stiffness of the road structure, allowing the structure's natural frequency to fall within a more favorable vibration isolation range.

[0061] The vibration isolation bearing uses helical steel springs as the main load-bearing and vibration isolation elements. The spring diameter is 50–150 mm, and the free height is 100–200 mm. Through reasonable selection and combination, the bearing meets the vertical load-bearing requirements while possessing good deformation capacity and stable mechanical properties. To suppress vibration amplification and resonance risks, viscous dampers or rubber dampers are configured around or inside the steel springs to provide appropriate damping for the system, thereby improving dynamic response characteristics.

[0062] The base 11 and beam support 9 of the steel spring support 4 are made of Q345 steel plate with a thickness of 10-20mm. By increasing the bearing area and improving the connection stiffness, the steel spring support 4 ensures stable force transmission under repeated loads. To adapt to long-term service environments, the steel spring support 4 is hot-dip galvanized or coated with an anti-corrosion coating to improve durability.

[0063] 3. Inter-board connection and overall collaborative working mechanism: The seven adjacent UHPC precast concrete slab units are connected by a combination of longitudinal tongue and groove joints and transverse flat joints. The longitudinal tongue and groove joints achieve precise positioning and mechanical interlocking through interlocking. The transverse flat joints are equipped with shear hinges 6 as connecting devices to transmit vertical shear force and prevent single slab overturning. At the same time, they allow rotation caused by temperature changes or minor deformations, thereby further enhancing the collaborative working ability of the multi-slab system and ensuring the overall continuity between the slabs.

[0064] At joints, epoxy resin mortar or UHPC-specific adhesive can be used for filling and sealing. Epoxy resin mortar has high bonding strength and excellent fatigue resistance, making it suitable for joints where high structural integrity is required; UHPC-specific adhesive has advantages in material compatibility and thermal deformation coordination, helping to reduce the risk of interfacial stress concentration.

[0065] 4. Integrated surface layer and pre-drilled hole design: Bolt through holes for the crossbeams 3 and longitudinal beams 2 are reserved in the UHPC precast concrete slab 7. A recessed platform structure is provided above the through holes to facilitate the insertion and tightening of bolt heads. Longitudinal prestressed steel reinforcement pipes 12 and transverse shear hinge holes 14 are also reserved. This design not only meets the accuracy requirements of assembly construction, but also provides convenient conditions for later disassembly, replacement and maintenance.

[0066] In addition, after the UHPC precast concrete slab 7 is installed as a whole, an 8-10cm thick asphalt concrete surface layer 8 is laid on its surface. This surface layer not only provides good driving smoothness and anti-skid performance, but its flexibility can also coordinate the minor deformation between the slabs to a certain extent, and play an auxiliary role in sealing and protecting the joints.

[0067] 5. Modular construction and anchoring methods of vibration isolation bearings: The steel spring support 4 of the present invention adopts an overall modular design. Each support unit completes the integrated assembly and performance calibration of springs, damping elements and connecting plates in the factory to ensure that the parameters of each support are consistent, which facilitates standardized production and rapid on-site installation.

[0068] The beam support 9 of the steel spring support 4 adopts a support-type structure and is equipped with an extended flange to increase the force transmission area with the crossbeam 3 and longitudinal beam 2 and improve the resistance to eccentric loads. The steel spring support 4 and the lower connecting plate ordinary concrete slab 1 foundation are connected by pre-embedded high-strength bolts to achieve multiple anchorage connections, which can effectively resist repeated loads and horizontal actions caused by long-term vibration, prevent the support from slipping or loosening, and ensure the overall stability of the vibration isolation system.

[0069] This invention provides a construction method for a road vibration isolation structure with spring supports, comprising the following: Construction Method 1: Prefabrication and Assembly Construction Method A construction method for a road structure with steel spring support UHPC precast concrete slab 7 includes the following steps: S1: The prefabrication plant produces UHPC precast concrete slabs 7.

[0070] Inside the factory, double-layered, bidirectional steel mesh is tied according to design requirements, and connecting devices (such as prestressed steel reinforcement pre-reserved pipes 12, shear hinge pre-reserved grooves 15, shear hinge pre-reserved holes 14, and connecting bolt pre-reserved holes 13, etc.) are pre-embedded. Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is used for pouring, followed by steam curing at 80-90℃ for 48 hours to quickly reach the design strength. The finished slabs undergo rigorous quality inspection, including dimensions, strength, flatness, and the location of pre-embedded parts, to ensure the quality of the finished product.

[0071] S2: On-site construction support foundation.

[0072] Excavation and foundation treatment were carried out according to the design drawings. Foundation reinforcement bars were tied, and the anchor bolt system for fixing the steel spring supports 4 was precisely pre-embedded, ensuring that the plane position and elevation error of the anchor bolts were controlled within ±3mm. Formwork was erected and concrete was poured, followed by thorough curing to form a solid supporting foundation.

[0073] S3: Install steel spring support 4.

[0074] Precisely lay out the center position of each steel spring support 4 on the top surface of the foundation. Hoist the pre-assembled modular steel spring supports 4 into place, aligning the holes on their lower connecting plates with the pre-embedded anchor bolts in the foundation. Use a precision level to adjust the elevation of the top surface of the supports to the design value, with an allowable deviation of ±2mm. Tighten the anchor bolt nuts sequentially according to the design torque values ​​using a torque wrench to complete the final fixing of the supports.

[0075] S4: Install crossbeam 3 and longitudinal beam 2 Install the crossbeam 3 and the longitudinal beam 2 onto the beam support 9 of the adjacent steel spring support 4. The pre-drilled bolt holes on the lower flange plates of the crossbeam 3 and the longitudinal beam 2 are connected to the pre-drilled holes on the beam support 9 using high-strength bolts. After the connection is completed, use a precision level to adjust the elevation of the top surface of the support to the design value, with an allowable deviation of ±2mm, to ensure the flatness of the subsequent installation of the UHPC precast concrete slab 7.

[0076] S5: Hoisting 7 units of UHPC precast concrete slabs Using specialized lifting equipment, the UHPC precast concrete slab 7 is horizontally lifted and slowly and steadily placed onto the leveled steel spring supports 4. When positioning the slab, ensure it is in close contact with the crossbeams 3 and longitudinal beams 2, without any gaps. Temporary supports may be installed as needed for initial positioning.

[0077] S6: Connection Processing Longitudinal connection: Connect and fix the pre-reserved bolt holes 13 of the UHPC precast concrete slab 7 with the pre-reserved bolt holes 16 of the upper flange plate of the longitudinal beam using connecting bolts, and insert prestressed steel bars 5 into the tongue and groove joints of adjacent slabs for tensioning and anchoring, so as to connect the slabs into a whole in the longitudinal direction.

[0078] Lateral connection: Connect the pre-drilled bolt holes 13 at the tongue and groove of the UHPC precast concrete slab 7 to the pre-drilled bolt holes 18 on the upper flange plate of the crossbeam using connecting bolts. Install shear hinges 6 in the pre-drilled grooves or holes on the side of the slab and fix them with high-strength bolts to transfer lateral shear force and maintain stability. All joints are filled and sealed with epoxy resin mortar or special UHPC grout.

[0079] S7: System Debugging Check the overall flatness of the road. If necessary, final leveling can be achieved by fine-tuning the steel spring support 4. Conduct on-site vibration tests using excitation equipment to verify whether the system's natural frequency and vibration isolation effect meet the design specifications (such as insertion loss of 15-30dB).

[0080] S8: Surface treatment On the precast slab surface, a layer of asphalt concrete 8, 8 cm thick, is laid and compacted to provide the final driving surface. Road markings, drainage facilities, and other ancillary works are then constructed according to specifications.

[0081] Construction Method Two: Quick Replacement and Repair Construction Method When repair or replacement is required, follow these steps: T1: Temporary Support Setup A hydraulic synchronous jacking system is symmetrically installed below the edges of adjacent UHPC precast concrete slabs 7 on both sides as temporary supports. Ensuring the stability and safety of adjacent structures during construction is a key prerequisite for achieving rapid replacement.

[0082] T2: Connection device removed Disconnect all connections of the UHPC precast concrete slab 7 to be replaced, release the tension of the longitudinal prestressed steel bars 5, and remove the high-strength bolts of the transverse shear hinges 6 and the connecting bolts between the UHPC precast concrete slab 7 and the crossbeams 3 and 2. Remove the epoxy mortar and other filling materials from the joints.

[0083] T3: Lifting and removal of the plate and supports Operate the hydraulic jacking system to slightly lift the adjacent UHPC precast concrete slab 7, detaching the UHPC precast concrete slab 7 to be replaced from the steel spring support 4. Use specialized lifting tools to lift the damaged UHPC precast concrete slab 7 as a whole. Inspect the lower steel spring support 4; if damage or performance degradation is found, the steel spring support 4 can be removed and replaced individually, fully demonstrating the maintenance advantages of modular design.

[0084] T4: Installation of new plate and supports Hoist a new UHPC precast concrete slab 7 of the same specification or a repaired UHPC precast concrete slab 7 from the factory spare parts warehouse into place. If the steel spring support 4 has been replaced, ensure that the new steel spring support 4 has been leveled and fixed according to the requirements of step S5. After the slab is in place, release the pressure of the temporary jacking system to allow the new UHPC precast concrete slab 7 to fall smoothly onto the steel spring support 4.

[0085] T5: Connection Restoration and System Debugging Follow step S6 to restore all longitudinal and transverse connections and fill the seams. Perform necessary flatness and system function checks.

[0086] T6: Open to traffic The temporary supports were removed, and the site was cleared. The entire replacement process can be completed within a few hours, quickly restoring road access.

[0087] The above solution will be described in detail based on relevant scenarios and data: Example 1: Steel spring floating slab municipal road vibration isolation project Project Overview: To study the vibration resistance of steel spring floating slab road isolation systems, a 139.5m long steel spring floating slab road isolation system was constructed above a commercial center for research on municipal road traffic vibration control. This structure places UHPC precast concrete slabs 7 on steel spring supports 4, and an asphalt pavement is laid on top, forming a typical vibration-isolated road system.

[0088] Detailed Implementation Plan 1) Structural design parameters: 1. Road structure: Steel spring floating slab vibration isolation road (supports are placed on the top slab of the underground space).

[0089] 2. Road width: approximately 10m (two-way lanes).

[0090] 3. Floating slab structure: multiple UHPC precast concrete slabs 7 (floating slabs).

[0091] 4. Vibration isolation support: Adjustable steel spring vibration isolator, located above the underground space structure.

[0092] 5. Design speed for vehicle traffic: approximately ≤40km / h.

[0093] 2) Construction steps: 1. Foundation treatment and subbase construction: Waterproofing treatment and subbase construction are carried out on the concrete surface of the underground space roof slab; 2. Vibration isolation bearing positioning and installation: Position and install the steel spring bearing 4 at the designed layout position; 3. Floating slab unit casting: UHPC precast concrete slab 7 is laid on steel spring support 4; 4. Surface layer laying and final shaping: After the floating slab is installed and cured, the asphalt concrete surface layer 8 is laid on top to form the final road structure.

[0094] 3) Implementation results: 1. Significantly reduced vibration: After the road was isolated by steel spring floating plates, monitoring data showed that the vibration acceleration level caused by vehicle excitation was reduced by about 15.71 dB, the vibration velocity level was reduced by about 15.30 dB, and the sound pressure level was reduced by about 26.38 dB.

[0095] 2. Redistribution of vibration energy: The steel spring floating plate structure can transform the vibration energy generated by concentrated loads from the local action area into slight vibrations throughout the whole, thereby reducing the high vibration response of a single stress point.

[0096] 3. Verification of vibration isolation system design requirements: The test results show that the correct design of the natural frequency and spring stiffness of the steel spring vibration isolation system can effectively isolate low and medium frequency vibrations, which helps to improve the vibration control effect of road structures under vehicle load.

[0097] Example 2: Municipal road steel spring floating slab vibration isolation structure project Project Overview: To address the impact of low-frequency vibrations caused by traffic loads on underground structures and the surrounding environment, a municipal engineering project employed a steel spring floating slab vibration isolation road structure to isolate the road surface from vibration. This project validated the vibration control capability of the floating slab vibration isolation road through a combination of field tests and numerical simulation analysis.

[0098] Detailed Implementation Plan 1) Structural design parameters: 1. Structural type: Steel spring floating slab vibration isolation road system; 2. Floating slab: UHPC precast concrete slab 7 (floating slab), placed on the vibration isolation support (steel spring support 4); 3. Vibration isolation bearing: Steel spring vibration isolators serve as vibration isolation elements for floating slabs; 4. Vehicle load excitation frequency range: mainly concentrated in 10Hz–40Hz; 5. Vibration isolation system design frequency target: The natural frequency of the vibration isolation system should be lower than 7.07Hz to achieve good low-frequency vibration control effect; 6. Vibration control indicators: Vibration acceleration level, Z-level, and A-level sound pressure level were selected for evaluation.

[0099] 2) Construction steps: 1. Vibration isolation bearing installation: Install steel spring bearings 4 as designed on the top slab of the underground structure or the roadbed, and perform positioning and pre-adjustment; 2. Floating slab installation: Install the UHPC precast concrete slab unit 7 above the steel spring support 4, ensuring that each support is tightly connected to the slab; 3. Surface Pavement: An asphalt concrete surface layer is laid on top of the floating slab to form a road surface; 4. Vibration load test setup: Vibration measurement sensors are set up in the area near the road to collect vibration response data (acceleration level, sound pressure level, etc.) caused by vehicle traffic.

[0100] 3) Implementation results: 1. Significant effect of active vibration frequency control: Compared with road structures without vibration isolation, the steel spring floating plate vibration isolation road structure separates the main excitation frequency of vehicle load from the natural frequency of the system, effectively avoiding resonance.

[0101] 2. Vibration index significantly reduced: After the vibration isolation system is installed, the low-frequency vibration index caused by vehicle traffic is significantly reduced, which is manifested as the transformation of structural vibration energy from local high amplitude response to overall low amplitude response.

[0102] 3. Vibration isolation effect evaluation data support: Experimental and numerical analysis results show that the vibration isolation structure can effectively reduce the vibration response of underground space structures, verifying the engineering effect of the vibration isolation system on low-frequency traffic vibration control.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A road vibration isolation structure with spring supports, characterized in that, include: UHPC precast concrete slabs, steel spring supports, connecting devices and supporting foundations; Several steel spring supports are arranged and fixed on the supporting foundation, and the connecting device is fixed between the steel spring supports. The UHPC precast concrete slabs are connected by the connecting device to form an integral and cooperative load-bearing structure. The transverse joints between the UHPC precast concrete slabs are also connected by shear hinges. A steel reinforcement skeleton is provided inside the UHPC precast concrete slab.

2. The road vibration isolation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The components of the UHPC precast concrete slab include cement, silica fume, fly ash, quartz sand, steel fiber and high-efficiency water-reducing agent, and the UHPC precast concrete slab is internally provided with a double-layer bidirectional steel mesh.

3. The road vibration isolation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel spring support has a base at its bottom, and the base is fixed to the support foundation by means of a detachable structure; the steel spring support is also equipped with a damper.

4. The road vibration isolation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting foundation is made of reinforced concrete.

5. The road vibration isolation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting device includes a beam support, longitudinal beams, and transverse beams; the longitudinal beams and transverse beams are made of H-beams, the beam support is fixed on the steel spring support, the longitudinal beams and transverse beams are set on the beam supports of adjacent steel spring supports through a detachable structure, and the UHPC precast concrete slab is fixed on the longitudinal beams and transverse beams through a detachable structure.

6. The road vibration isolation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, An asphalt concrete surface layer is laid on the connected UHPC precast concrete slab.

7. The road vibration isolation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The joints between the UHPC precast concrete slabs are filled and sealed with epoxy resin mortar or UHPC-specific adhesive.

8. A prefabrication and assembly construction method for road vibration isolation structures according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: Precast UHPC precast concrete slabs; construction forms a supporting foundation, several steel spring supports are installed on the supporting foundation, and connecting devices are installed between the steel spring supports; Hoist the UHPC precast concrete slab onto the connecting device; connect the UHPC precast concrete slab and the connecting device; install prestressed steel bars inside the UHPC precast concrete slab for tensioning and anchoring; install shear hinges on the UHPC precast concrete slab; and lay an asphalt concrete surface layer on the installed UHPC precast concrete slab.

9. A method for replacing and repairing road vibration isolation structures according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: Temporary supports are provided for the adjacent slabs of the UHPC precast concrete slab to be replaced. Disconnect the UHPC precast concrete slab to be replaced from the corresponding connecting device to release the tension of the reinforcing steel inside the UHPC precast concrete slab; remove the UHPC precast concrete slab to be replaced, check the nearest steel spring support to the UHPC precast concrete slab to be replaced, if the steel spring support needs to be replaced, remove the steel spring support connection and replace the steel spring support; replace the UHPC precast concrete slab to be replaced with a new UHPC precast concrete slab, restore the tension of the reinforcing steel and the connection with the corresponding connecting device, and verify to complete all replacement and repair.

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