Earthquake work area visualization method and device based on GIS information, medium and equipment

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of based on GIS information, and the visualization method, device, medium and equipment of seismic work area, method includes: obtaining seismic work area original exploration data and GIS basic geographic base map data, seismic work area original exploration data original coordinate system is converted to GIS geographic coordinate system;Integrative data set of space-attribute is constructed, integrative data set of space-attribute is uniformly stored in spatial database, simultaneously GIST space index is created;Based on LOD layered detail rendering strategy and GIST space index, according to GIS platform real-time zoom level Dynamic matching and loading different precision seismic data;Based on GIS platform, the interactive data analysis of seismic work area attribute precision query, buffer space analysis, work area range area statistics and work area parameter statistics is completed in real time response user interface operation;Based on GIS platform, the thematic map of seismic work area carrying accurate geographic coordinates is generated, supports multi-format achievement file export.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method, device, medium, and equipment for visualizing seismic work areas based on GIS information, belonging to the field of geographic information system (GIS) and seismic exploration data processing technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the exploration and development of oil, natural gas, shale gas, and mineral resources, seismic exploration is a core geophysical technology for identifying underground geological structures, reservoir distribution, and mitigating exploration risks. It is also a crucial data support tool for oil and gas reserve evaluation and well location deployment. Seismic exploration involves artificially generating seismic waves and collecting underground reflected wave signals. After processing and interpretation, it yields a series of data, including seismic profiles, velocity models, and structural interpretation results. These data can intuitively reflect the undulations of underground strata, fault development, and the spatial distribution characteristics of reservoirs, and are widely used in offshore oil and gas, onshore mineral, and engineering geological exploration.

[0003] Traditional seismic exploration data storage, display, and analysis systems heavily rely on specialized seismic interpretation software. Data outputs are primarily in the form of time profiles, depth profiles, and two-dimensional survey line maps. The data representation focuses on subsurface geological structures, lacking a correlation and mapping relationship with actual surface geospatial information. Existing seismic data generally uses local construction coordinate systems or independent engineering coordinate systems, failing to be uniformly integrated with national geographic coordinate benchmarks. This results in the inability to accurately overlay and match the seismic work area's construction scope, survey line layout, and shot-receiver point distribution with geographical elements such as topography, administrative divisions, surface buildings, pipelines, and roads. This hinders the intuitive, three-dimensional, and refined management of the work area's spatial pattern, severely limiting the engineering application value of seismic data.

[0004] Geographic Information Systems (GIS) possess core capabilities in multi-source spatial data fusion, spatial coordinate registration, multi-dimensional visualization, and quantitative spatial analysis. They can integrate various types of spatial data, including digital elevation models (DEMs), high-resolution remote sensing imagery, vector geographic base maps, and thematic administrative divisions. GIS provides a unified geospatial foundation for geological exploration data and is a crucial technological carrier for realizing the spatialization, visualization, and intelligent application of seismic exploration data. Gong Jianya, in his book *Fundamentals of Geographic Information Systems*, clearly points out that GIS technology can achieve unified organization, management, and analysis of multi-source heterogeneous spatial data, providing a standardized technical framework for the spatial representation and engineering applications of geoscientific data. It has been widely applied in geological surveys, disaster assessment, resource exploration, and other geoscientific fields. Furthermore, numerous studies both domestically and internationally have shown that fusing seismic exploration data with GIS spatial information can effectively compensate for the insufficient spatial representation capabilities of traditional seismic results, achieving integrated and collaborative analysis of geological and geographic information.

[0005] Currently, some studies have attempted to integrate earthquake data into GIS platforms for visualization applications. However, existing technical solutions still face numerous insurmountable technical bottlenecks, and a standardized, end-to-end, and high-precision GIS visualization system for earthquake work areas has not yet been established. Specific prominent shortcomings are as follows: First, the spatial coordinate systems are not unified, resulting in low accuracy in registering heterogeneous data. Traditional seismic exploration operations often use local construction coordinate systems or independent Cartesian coordinate systems, while GIS general base maps commonly use nationally unified geographic coordinate systems such as WGS84 and CGCS2000. The two types of coordinate systems differ greatly in their references, projection parameters, and spatial references. Existing technologies mostly use simple translation corrections or coarse fitting methods to complete coordinate matching, without introducing high-precision seven-parameter transformation models. This makes it impossible to achieve sub-meter level accurate registration between seismic data and GIS geographic data, resulting in prominent issues of overlay misalignment and spatial offset, which is difficult to meet the needs of refined exploration construction and spatial analysis.

[0006] Second, the heterogeneity of multi-source data is high, making data fusion difficult. Core seismic exploration data is mainly in the SEG-Y professional exploration format, containing massive amounts of structured and unstructured data such as survey line coordinates, shot-receiver locations, seismic waveforms, and velocity models. In contrast, GIS geographic data is mainly in SHP vector format and GeoTIFF image format. The two types of data storage structures, organizational paradigms, and parsing logics are completely different. Existing platforms lack standardized data parsing, format adaptation, and feature reconstruction mechanisms, making it impossible to achieve the structured conversion of seismic exploration features into standard GIS point, line, and polygon vector features, and making it difficult to construct a dataset that integrates spatial location and business attributes.

[0007] Third, large-scale data visualization rendering is inefficient and lacks scale adaptability. Seismic work areas are generally characterized by wide coverage, high density of measuring points, and massive data volumes, with the number of shot and receiver points in a single work area reaching tens or even hundreds of thousands. Existing GIS visualization solutions mostly adopt a full-data-load-and-render mode, without establishing a hierarchical (LOD) detailed rendering mechanism. When browsing large work areas and switching between view zooms, problems such as screen lag, loading delays, and interface freezes are easily encountered. Furthermore, it cannot meet the dual needs of global overview and detailed local display, resulting in a very poor visualization interaction experience. At the same time, traditional technologies cannot achieve hierarchical linkage rendering of terrain data and seismic data. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional views are independent of each other and cannot form an integrated visualization scene.

[0008] Fourth, the intelligent interactive analysis capabilities are weak, and the applicability to engineering is insufficient. Existing earthquake GIS display systems only realize basic data visualization and simple query functions, lacking professional spatial analysis capabilities for earthquake exploration operations. They cannot carry out core business operations such as buffer zone obstacle analysis, work area parameter statistics, construction scope assessment, and multi-layer overlay avoidance analysis. They can only achieve "data display" and cannot support in-depth applications such as "exploration decision-making, construction optimization, and risk assessment," resulting in insufficient data value mining.

[0009] Fifth, the standardization of results is low, and the sharing and reusability are poor. Traditional earthquake visualization results are mostly local static images and proprietary format files, lacking a standardized and universal output system. They cannot adapt to application scenarios such as web-based publishing, multi-terminal access, and cross-departmental collaboration. The efficiency of earthquake data transfer is low, the cost of reuse is high, and it is difficult to form a large-scale and routine engineering application system.

[0010] In summary, existing technologies suffer from a series of shortcomings, including low coordinate system registration accuracy, difficulty in multi-source data fusion, lack of multi-scale rendering capabilities, limited interactive analysis functions, and insufficient results sharing capabilities. These shortcomings prevent deep integration of seismic exploration data with GIS geographic information, severely restricting the application effectiveness of seismic work areas in spatial planning, field construction monitoring, geological risk assessment, and exploration and development decision-making. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a high-precision, high-efficiency, interactive, and shareable GIS-based method and device for visualizing seismic work areas, addressing the pain points of existing technologies and enhancing the spatial representation capabilities and engineering application value of seismic exploration data. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method, device, medium, and equipment for visualizing seismic work areas based on GIS information. This method comprehensively covers the entire business chain of data access, processing, rendering, analysis, and sharing through a complete technical solution that includes multi-source data preprocessing, precise coordinate registration, spatial data fusion, layered LOD rendering, interactive spatial analysis, and standardized output.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for visualizing seismic work areas based on GIS information includes: S1: Obtain the original exploration data and GIS base map data of the seismic work area, perform coordinate transformation on the original exploration data of the seismic work area, transform the original coordinate system of the original exploration data of the seismic work area to the GIS geographic coordinate system, and complete the coordinate adaptation and data regularization of multi-source heterogeneous data. S2: Convert the seismic survey lines, shot points and receiver points in the original exploration data of the seismic work area after coordinate transformation into GIS standard lines and point vector layers respectively, convert the boundary of the seismic work area into a GIS standard surface vector layer, and associate and bind the business attribute data with the corresponding vector layers to build a spatial-attribute integrated dataset. Store the spatial-attribute integrated dataset in a unified PostgreSQL+PostGIS spatial database, and create a GIST spatial index at the same time. S3: Based on the LOD layered detail rendering strategy and GIST spatial index, it dynamically matches and loads seismic data of different precision according to the real-time scaling level of the GIS platform, realizing the linkage display of 2D planar scenes and 3D stereoscopic scenes of the seismic work area and the visualization rendering of seismic profiles. S4: Based on the GIS platform, it responds to user interface operations in real time and completes interactive data analysis such as accurate query of seismic work area attributes, buffer space analysis, work area area statistics and work area parameter statistics; S5: Generates thematic maps of seismic work areas with accurate geographic coordinates based on the GIS platform, supports export of multi-format output files, and enables web-based publishing and online collaborative sharing of visualized results.

[0013] The seismic field visualization method based on GIS information, preferably, in step S1, uses the Bursa-Wolf seven-parameter transformation model to complete the coordinate transformation. By pre-setting the three-axis translation parameters, scale parameters, and rotation matrix parameters, the original coordinate system of the original exploration data of the seismic field is accurately registered with the GIS geographic coordinate system, thereby achieving the unification of coordinates of multi-source heterogeneous spatial data.

[0014] The seismic work area visualization method based on GIS information preferably uses the Bursa-Wolf seven-parameter transformation model to complete the coordinate transformation, as follows: ; In the formula, , , The converted GIS target coordinate system spatial rectangular coordinates; , , These are the three-axis translation parameters; m For scale parameters; R ( , , ) is a three-axis rotation matrix; , , These are the original spatial rectangular coordinates of the seismic data.

[0015] The earthquake field visualization method based on GIS information, preferably, includes the following steps in step S1: removing outliers, deleting duplicate data, and filtering null values ​​from the original exploration data of the earthquake field, while performing projection correction and resolution matching on the GIS base map data to ensure the consistency and integrity of multi-source data.

[0016] The seismic survey area visualization method based on GIS information, preferably, in step S3, includes a three-level accuracy adaptive rendering mechanism in the LOD layered rendering strategy: High-precision layer: When the GIS platform zoom level is ≥15, complete original seismic survey line data and all shot point and receiver point fine data are loaded to achieve high-precision display of work area details; Medium precision layer: When the GIS platform scaling level is less than 15 and the level is 8, a 10:1 thinning strategy is adopted to simplify the seismic survey line data. At the same time, a 1km grid aggregation method is used to statistically display the number of shot points, balancing the display effect and rendering efficiency. Low-precision layer: When the GIS platform zoom level is less than 8, only the outline boundary and simplified centerline data of the seismic work area are loaded to achieve a comprehensive overview of the work area.

[0017] In the aforementioned GIS-based seismic area visualization method, preferably, in step S3, when the zoom level of the GIS platform crosses the layer threshold, the system automatically triggers a data layer switch and uses a fade-in / fade-out transition rendering algorithm to suppress screen flickering and screen discontinuity issues; in a 3D visualization scene, the terrain LOD layer and the seismic data LOD layer are linked and matched for rendering to ensure that the terrain resolution and the accuracy of seismic elements are consistent.

[0018] The earthquake work area visualization method based on GIS information, preferably, includes interactive data analysis in step S4, which includes multi-layer overlay analysis, construction obstacle avoidance analysis, distance measurement, area measurement, element filtering, and auxiliary operation functions such as layer visibility and transparency adjustment.

[0019] A second aspect of the present invention provides a seismic work area visualization device based on GIS information, comprising: The first processing unit is used to acquire the original exploration data and GIS basic geographic base map data of the seismic work area, perform coordinate transformation processing on the original exploration data of the seismic work area, transform the original coordinate system of the original exploration data of the seismic work area to the GIS geographic coordinate system, and complete the coordinate adaptation and data regularization of multi-source heterogeneous data. The second processing unit is used to convert the seismic survey lines, shot points and receiver points in the original exploration data of the seismic work area after coordinate transformation into GIS standard lines and point vector layers, respectively, convert the boundary of the seismic work area into a GIS standard surface vector layer, and associate and bind the business attribute data with the corresponding vector layers to build a spatial-attribute integrated dataset. The spatial-attribute integrated dataset is then uniformly stored in the PostgreSQL+PostGIS spatial database, and a GIST spatial index is created at the same time. The third processing unit is used to dynamically match and load seismic data of different precisions based on the LOD layered detail rendering strategy and GIST spatial index, according to the real-time scaling level of the GIS platform, to realize the linkage display of 2D planar scenes and 3D stereoscopic scenes of the seismic work area and the visualization rendering of seismic profiles. The fourth processing unit is used to respond to user interface operations in real time based on the GIS platform, and to perform interactive data analysis such as accurate query of seismic work area attributes, buffer space analysis, work area area statistics and work area parameter statistics. The fifth processing unit is used to generate thematic maps of seismic work areas with accurate geographic coordinates based on the GIS platform, supports the export of multi-format output files, and enables the web-based publishing and online collaborative sharing of visualization results.

[0020] A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the seismic work area visualization method based on GIS information described above.

[0021] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the seismic survey area visualization method based on GIS information described above.

[0022] The present invention has the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solutions: 1. Achieving high-precision spatial fusion of multi-source heterogeneous data and solving the problem of coordinate misalignment: This invention introduces the Bursa-Wolf seven-parameter transformation model, and through comprehensive coordinate correction including three-axis translation, scale correction, and spatial rotation, it uniformly matches local seismic coordinate system data to the standard GIS geographic coordinate system, completely solving the problems of inaccurate overlay of seismic data and geographic base maps and spatial location offset in traditional technologies. It achieves integrated fusion of seismic exploration elements with topographic, administrative boundary, and ground facility data, with spatial matching accuracy reaching sub-meter level, significantly improving the realism and accuracy of spatial display of seismic work areas.

[0023] 2. A three-level LOD layered rendering mechanism is adopted to significantly improve the visualization efficiency of big data scenarios: Addressing the rendering stuttering and slow loading issues caused by the large amount of data and dense measurement points in seismic work areas, this invention designs a high, medium, and low-level adaptive rendering strategy. It dynamically schedules data of corresponding precision based on the view scaling level, avoiding the waste of computing power caused by loading all data. Simultaneously, a transition rendering algorithm eliminates view switching flickering issues. Combined with a dual LOD linkage mechanism for terrain and seismic data, it improves the rendering frame rate of large-scale work areas by more than 60% while ensuring detailed view display effects, balancing visualization accuracy and smoothness.

[0024] 3. Constructing an integrated spatial-attribute model for in-depth interactive intelligent analysis: This invention deeply binds seismic spatial elements with acquisition parameters and quality parameters, establishing a standardized spatial attribute database, breaking through the technical bottleneck of traditional methods that only visualize without analysis. By integrating specialized tools such as attribute linkage query, buffer zone analysis, work area parameter statistics, and obstacle avoidance analysis, it can directly serve core businesses such as seismic exploration work area planning, field construction risk assessment, and construction plan optimization, achieving a technological upgrade from "data display" to "business analysis."

[0025] 4. Standardized output and Web sharing enhance the value of data reuse: This invention is compatible with various industry-standard data formats, and the output results carry complete geographic metadata, which can be adapted to various third-party platforms. At the same time, relying on WebAPI, it realizes cloud publishing and online collaboration, breaking the traditional stand-alone, offline, and closed data application mode, realizing efficient cross-departmental and cross-scenario circulation and reuse of earthquake data results, and significantly improving the utilization rate of data assets.

[0026] 5. Strong versatility and engineering adaptability, and high application value: This invention is not limited to oil and gas seismic exploration scenarios, but can be adapted to various geological exploration fields such as mineral exploration, engineering geological exploration, and geotechnical mapping. It has strong hardware adaptability, low deployment cost, and high degree of functional modularity, and can be quickly implemented in various geological GIS visualization projects. It has extremely strong engineering promotion and industrial application value. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the earthquake work area visualization process based on GIS information provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the seismic work area visualization device based on GIS information provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the seismic work area with the coordinates of the seismic construction survey line number provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the seismic work area after UTM is converted to WGS84 according to the present invention; Figure 5This is an enlarged view of the work area outline diagram of the simplified center line of the loading survey line provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This invention provides a work area map containing all information about the loaded seismic data. Figure 7 This invention provides a work area map containing all information about the loaded seismic data. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0030] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "above," etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure.

[0031] In the existing seismic zone visualization technology system, seismic exploration data and GIS geographic information data are typical multi-source heterogeneous data systems. They suffer from technical challenges such as inconsistent coordinate systems, significant differences in data structures, and poor fusion and adaptability. Traditional seismic zone visualization methods are mostly based on independent exploration software, which can only display seismic lines, shot-receiver points, and seismic profiles, exhibiting the following significant drawbacks: First, the spatial fusion accuracy is low. Traditional technologies have not established a standardized coordinate transformation mechanism, and the local coordinate system of earthquakes cannot be accurately matched with the geographic coordinate system of GIS. This results in the inability of earthquake work area elements to be accurately superimposed on geographic base maps such as topography, administrative divisions, and ground facilities, leading to prominent spatial misalignment problems.

[0032] Second, big data visualization is inefficient. Seismic work areas are characterized by dense monitoring points and large amounts of data. Traditional visualization methods use a full data loading mode without layered or hierarchical processing, which easily leads to problems such as screen lag, loading delays, and screen flickering when displaying large-scale work areas. This makes it unsuitable for browsing multi-scale, large-scale GIS views.

[0033] Third, the interactive analysis capabilities are weak. Existing technologies only support simple data viewing and lack engineering application capabilities such as attribute linkage query, buffer space analysis, work area parameter statistics, and obstacle avoidance analysis, which cannot support actual business scenarios such as seismic exploration construction planning, risk assessment, and work area optimization.

[0034] Fourth, the reusability and sharing of results are poor. Traditional earthquake results are mostly local static images or proprietary format files, lacking standardized, multi-format output capabilities, making it impossible to achieve online publishing on the web and collaborative sharing among multiple departments. The data results have low reuse rate and limited business empowerment capabilities.

[0035] In summary, existing technologies suffer from several technical shortcomings, including difficulties in heterogeneous data fusion, low spatial registration accuracy, low rendering efficiency for large scenes, limited interactive analysis functions, and insufficient ability to share results.

[0036] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and achieve high-precision fusion, multi-scale efficient visualization, and intelligent spatial analysis of seismic work area data and GIS information, this invention provides a GIS-based method for visualizing seismic work areas. This method effectively solves the industry problems of low visualization accuracy, severe lag, single dimension, and weak business support capabilities in traditional seismic work area visualization. It significantly improves the spatial expression accuracy and visualization fluency of seismic data, enabling the upgrade of seismic exploration data from static display to dynamic analysis and intelligent judgment. It is widely applicable to fields such as oil and gas exploration, mineral geology, and engineering geological exploration, and has strong engineering practicality and promotional application value.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the seismic work area visualization method based on GIS information provided by this invention includes the following specific steps: Step 1: Seismic Data Reading and Preprocessing In this embodiment, the original exploration data of the seismic work area adopts the industry-standard SEG-Y format file. This type of file stores complete seismic trace information, measuring point coordinates, waveform data, acquisition parameters, and work area construction parameters. The system uses a preset SEG-Y parser decoder to read key fields of the seismic trace in batches, automatically extracting core parameters such as the survey line number, shot point coordinates, receiver coordinates, sampling point location, acquisition time, coverage times, and signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each seismic data, thus completing structured data parsing and extraction.

[0038] It should be noted that field seismic exploration operations generally use local independent construction coordinate systems or local engineering coordinate systems. These coordinate systems are only suitable for positioning within a small work area, lack a globally unified geographic benchmark, and cannot be directly matched with GIS base maps. For example... Figure 3 As shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the distribution of survey lines and the scope of the work area under the original construction coordinate system of the earthquake provided in the embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that the original earthquake data can only show the relative construction scope of the work area, the direction of the survey lines and the arrangement of the survey points. There is no real geographic coordinate benchmark, and it is impossible to superimpose geographic elements such as terrain, administrative boundaries, and ground facilities. It does not have the ability of spatial analysis and geographic positioning.

[0039] Furthermore, this step preprocesses and cleans the extracted measurement point data, automatically removing outliers, duplicate measurement points, null data, and invalid noise data to ensure that the original data entering the coordinate transformation stage is clean and valid, laying a data foundation for subsequent high-precision registration.

[0040] Step 2: Implementation of high-precision coordinate transformation based on the Bursa-Wolf seven-parameter model Due to the systematic differences in datum, ellipsoid parameters, and projection methods between the seismic construction independent coordinate system and the general geographic coordinate system of GIS (WGS84, CGCS2000), direct superposition will result in spatial deviations of tens or even hundreds of meters, which cannot meet the needs of fine visualization and spatial analysis. This embodiment adopts the Bursa-Wolf seven-parameter transformation model, which achieves accurate conversion of all elements from the seismic construction coordinate system to the standard GIS geographic coordinate system through three-axis translation parameters, three-axis rotation parameters, and scale parameters.

[0041] In the specific implementation process, multiple sets of evenly distributed high-precision common control points within the work area are selected. The seven-parameter transformation coefficients adapted to the work area are calculated using the least squares method. These coefficients are then substituted into the transformation formula to complete the batch correction of the coordinates of the measuring points, achieving overall spatial registration of all measuring line nodes, shot points, and receiver points. After the transformation, all seismic elements are uniformly incorporated into the WGS84 geographic coordinate system benchmark, possessing true latitude and longitude and geographic spatial location attributes.

[0042] The formula for coordinate transformation using the Bursa-Wolf seven-parameter transformation model is as follows: ; In the formula, , , The converted GIS target coordinate system spatial rectangular coordinates; , , These are the three-axis translation parameters; m For scale parameters; R ( , , ) is a three-axis rotation matrix; , , These are the original spatial rectangular coordinates of the seismic data.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of the overall seismic work area after transformation from the UTM coordinate system to the WGS84 coordinate system using the Bursa-Wolf seven-parameter model, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 It can be clearly seen that the converted seismic work area outline, survey line direction, and survey point distribution are completely matched with the real geographic spatial location. It can accurately overlay remote sensing images, DEM topography, pipelines, residential areas and other GIS base map elements, completely solving the technical problems of traditional seismic data being unable to be geographicly matched and spatially misaligned.

[0044] Step 3: Implementation of Low-Precision LOD Level Visualization (Global Overview Mode) To address the issues of slow loading and high rendering pressure when loading full data across a large area, this embodiment of the invention configures a three-level LOD layered rendering mechanism. The low-precision level is suitable for large-scale, small-scale browsing scenarios in GIS views, corresponding to a zoom level of <8.

[0045] In low-precision rendering mode, the system does not load a large number of detailed measurement points and dense measurement line nodes, but only retains the outline surface elements of the outer boundary of the seismic work area. At the same time, the original dense measurement lines are topologically simplified, retaining only the start and end points, key inflection points, and turning control points of the measurement lines, and generating simplified center lines of the measurement lines, which greatly reduces the amount of rendering data.

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, this is a magnified diagram of the work area outline and simplified survey lines in low-precision LOD mode. The diagram clearly demonstrates that the low-precision level can quickly render the complete work area space and the overall survey line extension direction, meeting users' needs for viewing the overall layout of large-scale work areas, determining work area boundaries, and conducting overall location analysis. This level hides the details of a massive number of survey points, avoiding screen lag and slow loading issues caused by rendering large amounts of data, greatly improving the smoothness of global browsing.

[0047] Step 4: Implementation of Medium-to-High Precision LOD Hierarchical Visualization (Regular Browsing Mode) When the user zooms in on the GIS view to a zoom level between 8 and 15, the system automatically switches to a medium-to-high precision rendering level and initiates a survey line thinning and shot point grid aggregation rendering strategy. In this embodiment, the original dense survey lines are simplified by thinning them out to retain one node for every 10 consecutive nodes, reducing the number of vertices while maintaining the overall shape of the survey lines. Simultaneously, the massive number of shot points and receiver points in the work area are aggregated and statistically analyzed using 1km grid units, displaying the survey point distribution density in grid units instead of individual, fragmented survey points.

[0048] This level balances visualization accuracy and rendering efficiency, clearly displaying the distribution and direction of each survey line and the differences in the density of survey lines within the work area, without causing screen delays due to excessive data volume, making it suitable for daily detailed browsing and preliminary analysis of local work areas.

[0049] Step 5: Implementation of High-Precision LOD Level Visualization (Fine Exploration Mode) When the GIS view zoom level is ≥15, the system automatically switches to the highest precision LOD rendering mode, fully loads the original fine-grained seismic data, and does not perform any thinning or aggregation processing to achieve high-precision visualization of the seismic work area at the millimeter and sub-meter levels.

[0050] like Figure 6 As shown, this is a detailed schematic diagram of the overall seismic survey area under the high-precision LOD level. In this mode, the system fully loads all seismic survey lines, all shot points and receiver points, and simultaneously loads all attribute information corresponding to each element, such as acquisition time, coverage count, signal-to-noise ratio, and shot number. Users can intuitively view the differences in data distribution within the survey area, the density of survey points, and the coverage of survey lines, realizing the visualization of seismic data attribute information.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, it is a magnified schematic diagram of a local work area at a high-precision level. (From...) Figure 7 It can accurately present the complete trajectory of each seismic survey line, the location of all turning points, the connection relationship of the survey lines, and the precise geographical coordinates of each shot point and receiver point. The layout of the survey points, the details of the bending of the survey lines, and the characteristics of densely explored local areas are all clearly visible.

[0052] Meanwhile, this embodiment configures a fade-in / fade-out transition rendering algorithm during high-precision switching, ensuring no flickering or breaks when the view zooms across layer thresholds. Furthermore, it achieves linkage matching between terrain LOD and seismic data LOD in 3D scenes, ensuring perfect adaptation between high-precision terrain and high-precision seismic data, and realizing an integrated effect of accurate 2D planar display and linked visualization of 3D terrain profiles.

[0053] Step 6: Implementation of Interactive Analysis and Results Output On the basis of completing multi-scale visual rendering, this embodiment supports user interactive operations: by clicking or framing and selecting any survey line or survey point, the corresponding full attributes and associated seismic profiles can be retrieved in real time; it supports custom radius buffer analysis to quickly count the distribution of surrounding obstacles, buildings and pipelines; it automatically calculates key construction parameters such as the total area of the work area, the total length of survey lines, the total number of survey points, and the average coverage times.

[0054] Finally, the system automatically generates a thematic result map of the seismic work area with standard geographic coordinates, scale, legend and azimuth marker, supports multi-format export of PNG, PDF, KML and GeoJSON, and publishes it to the WebGIS platform through a RESTful interface, realizing multi-user online collaborative viewing and result sharing.

[0055] As Figure 2 shown, the supporting visualization apparatus of the present invention is configured to implement the aforementioned visualization method, and includes six functional modules. All the modules work in coordination and are linked layer by layer, with a complete overall architecture and a closed-loop logic: Data input module: configured to acquire original exploration data of the seismic work area and GIS basic geographic base map data, perform coordinate conversion processing on the original exploration data of the seismic work area, uniformly convert the original coordinate system of the original exploration data of the seismic work area to the GIS geographic coordinate system, and complete coordinate adaptation and data regularization of multi-source heterogeneous data. This module supports batch import of seismic exploration data formats such as SEG-Y, CSV and Excel as well as GIS geographic data formats such as SHP, TIFF and IMG, and has the capabilities of data format verification, abnormality filtering and batch preprocessing, so as to ensure stable access of multi-source data.

[0056] Coordinate conversion and registration module: built-in Bursa-Wolf seven-parameter conversion algorithm, supports custom seven-parameter configuration, coordinate precision verification and batch coordinate conversion, and realizes precise spatial registration of seismic data and GIS geographic data; Spatial database module: adopting the mature spatial architecture of PostgreSQL + PostGIS to store spatial vector elements and associated business attributes in a structured manner, and relying on the GIST spatial index to achieve millisecond-level spatial query and data retrieval; Visualization engine module: developed based on WebGL / OpenGL graphics technology, compatible with mainstream GIS platforms such as ArcGIS, QGIS and Cesium, and realizes core functions of three-level LOD adaptive rendering, 2D / 3D scene linkage, and seismic profile mounting visualization; User interaction interface module: integrated with tool sets such as layer control, query and retrieval, spatial analysis, view operation, measurement and filtering, adapted to precise operation on the computer end and touch operation on the mobile end, with good human-computer interaction experience; Output sharing module: Supports lossless export of results in multiple formats, retains complete geographic metadata, and provides a standardized web publishing interface to support online collaborative applications and results transfer.

[0057] A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the seismic work area visualization method based on GIS information described above.

[0058] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the seismic survey area visualization method based on GIS information described above.

[0059] This invention addresses the technical pain points of existing seismic exploration data and GIS geographic data, such as inconsistent coordinate systems, difficulty in fusion of multi-source heterogeneous data, low efficiency in large-scene visualization rendering, lack of multi-scale adaptive display capabilities, weak interactive analysis functions, and poor results sharing. It proposes a comprehensive, high-precision, interactive, and shareable GIS visualization technology solution for seismic work areas. First, it collects original SEG-Y format seismic exploration data and basic GIS geographic base map data such as DEM remote sensing images and vector base maps, completing the analysis of seismic data trace information, data cleaning, and anomaly removal. It employs the Bursa-Wolf seven-parameter transformation model to achieve high-precision unified registration of the seismic construction coordinate system to the standard GIS geographic coordinate system, solving the problem of misalignment and overlay of multi-source spatial data. By reconstructing seismic survey lines, shot points, receiver points, and work area boundaries into standard GIS point, line, and polygon vector elements and binding them with business attributes such as acquisition time, coverage frequency, and signal-to-noise ratio, it constructs a spatial-attribute integrated dataset. Simultaneously, it achieves efficient data storage and retrieval based on the PostgreSQL+PostGIS spatial database and GIST spatial index. This invention innovatively constructs a three-level (high, medium, and low) LOD multi-scale layered rendering mechanism, dynamically and adaptively loading seismic data of different precisions based on the GIS view scaling level. Combined with a transition rendering algorithm, it eliminates screen flickering issues and achieves linked matching of 3D terrain and seismic data LOD, as well as integrated linked display of 2D / 3D scenes. Simultaneously, it integrates interactive spatial analysis functions such as attribute query, buffer analysis, work area parameter statistics, and obstacle avoidance analysis, ultimately generating standardized geographic thematic maps that support exporting results in multiple formats and online publishing and sharing via the web. This invention effectively solves the industry problems of low visualization accuracy, severe lag, single dimension, and weak business support capabilities in traditional seismic work area visualization, significantly improving the spatial expression accuracy and visualization smoothness of seismic data. It enables the upgrade of seismic exploration data from static display to dynamic analysis and intelligent judgment, and is widely applicable to fields such as oil and gas exploration, mineral geology, and engineering geological exploration, possessing strong engineering practicality and promotional application value.

[0060] This invention is described based on flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to specific embodiments. It should be understood that each block of the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device, generate instructions for implementing the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0061] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0062] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for visualizing seismic work areas based on GIS information, characterized in that, include: S1: Obtain the original exploration data and GIS base map data of the seismic work area, perform coordinate transformation on the original exploration data of the seismic work area, transform the original coordinate system of the original exploration data of the seismic work area to the GIS geographic coordinate system, and complete the coordinate adaptation and data regularization of multi-source heterogeneous data. S2: Convert the seismic survey lines, shot points and receiver points in the original exploration data of the seismic work area after coordinate transformation into GIS standard lines and point vector layers respectively, convert the boundary of the seismic work area into a GIS standard surface vector layer, and associate and bind the business attribute data with the corresponding vector layers to build a spatial-attribute integrated dataset. Store the spatial-attribute integrated dataset in a unified PostgreSQL+PostGIS spatial database, and create a GIST spatial index at the same time. S3: Based on the LOD layered detail rendering strategy and GIST spatial index, it dynamically matches and loads seismic data of different precision according to the real-time scaling level of the GIS platform, realizing the linkage display of 2D planar scenes and 3D stereoscopic scenes in the seismic work area and the visualization rendering of seismic profiles. S4: Based on the GIS platform, it responds to user interface operations in real time and completes interactive data analysis such as accurate query of seismic work area attributes, buffer space analysis, work area area statistics and work area parameter statistics; S5: Generates thematic maps of seismic work areas with accurate geographic coordinates based on the GIS platform, supports export of multi-format output files, and enables web-based publishing and online collaborative sharing of visualized results.

2. The seismic work area visualization method based on GIS information according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the Bursa-Wolf seven-parameter transformation model is used to complete the coordinate transformation. By presetting the three-axis translation parameters, scale parameters, and rotation matrix parameters, the original coordinate system of the original exploration data of the seismic work area is accurately registered with the GIS geographic coordinate system, thereby achieving the unification of coordinates of multi-source heterogeneous spatial data.

3. The seismic work area visualization method based on GIS information according to claim 2, characterized in that, The formula for coordinate transformation using the Bursa-Wolf seven-parameter transformation model is as follows: ； In the formula, , , The converted GIS target coordinate system spatial rectangular coordinates; , , These are the three-axis translation parameters; m For scale parameters; R ( , , ) is a three-axis rotation matrix; , , These are the original spatial rectangular coordinates of the seismic data.

4. The seismic work area visualization method based on GIS information according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 also includes the following steps: removing outliers, deleting duplicate data, and filtering null values ​​from the original exploration data of the seismic work area, while performing projection correction and resolution matching on the GIS base map data to ensure the consistency and integrity of multi-source data.

5. The seismic work area visualization method based on GIS information according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the LOD layered rendering strategy includes a three-level precision adaptive rendering mechanism: High-precision layer: When the GIS platform zoom level is ≥15, complete original seismic survey line data and all shot point and receiver point fine data are loaded to achieve high-precision display of work area details; Medium precision layer: When the GIS platform scaling level is less than 15 and the level is 8, a 10:1 thinning strategy is adopted to simplify the seismic survey line data. At the same time, a 1km grid aggregation method is used to statistically display the number of shot points, balancing the display effect and rendering efficiency. Low-precision layer: When the GIS platform zoom level is less than 8, only the outline boundary and simplified centerline data of the seismic work area are loaded to achieve a comprehensive overview of the work area.

6. The seismic work area visualization method based on GIS information according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, when the zoom level of the GIS platform crosses the layer threshold, the system automatically triggers the data layer switching and uses a fade-in / fade-out transition rendering algorithm to suppress screen flickering and screen discontinuity issues. In the 3D visualization scene, the terrain LOD layer and the seismic data LOD layer are linked and matched for rendering to ensure that the terrain resolution and the accuracy of seismic elements are consistent.

7. The seismic work area visualization method based on GIS information according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, interactive data analysis includes multi-layer overlay analysis, construction obstacle avoidance analysis, distance measurement, area measurement, feature filtering, and auxiliary operation functions such as layer visibility and transparency adjustment.

8. A seismic work area visualization device based on GIS information, characterized in that, include: The first processing unit is used to acquire the original exploration data and GIS basic geographic base map data of the seismic work area, perform coordinate transformation processing on the original exploration data of the seismic work area, transform the original coordinate system of the original exploration data of the seismic work area to the GIS geographic coordinate system, and complete the coordinate adaptation and data regularization of multi-source heterogeneous data. The second processing unit is used to convert the seismic survey lines, shot points and receiver points in the original exploration data of the seismic work area after coordinate transformation into GIS standard lines and point vector layers, respectively, convert the boundary of the seismic work area into a GIS standard surface vector layer, and associate and bind the business attribute data with the corresponding vector layers to build a spatial-attribute integrated dataset. The spatial-attribute integrated dataset is then uniformly stored in the PostgreSQL+PostGIS spatial database, and a GIST spatial index is created at the same time. The third processing unit is used to dynamically match and load seismic data of different precisions based on the LOD layered detail rendering strategy and GIST spatial index, according to the real-time scaling level of the GIS platform, to realize the linkage display of 2D planar scenes and 3D stereoscopic scenes of the seismic work area and the visualization rendering of seismic profiles. The fourth processing unit is used to respond to user interface operations in real time based on the GIS platform, and to perform interactive data analysis such as accurate query of seismic work area attributes, buffer space analysis, work area area statistics and work area parameter statistics. The fifth processing unit is used to generate thematic maps of seismic work areas with accurate geographic coordinates based on the GIS platform, supports the export of multi-format output files, and enables the web-based publishing and online collaborative sharing of visualization results.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the seismic work area visualization method based on GIS information as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the seismic work area visualization method based on GIS information as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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