Path loss adjustment indication for sounding reference signal transmission

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) receives, from a first network entity, a downlink reference signal (RS). The UE estimates a downlink path loss associated with the downlink RS from the first network entity. The UE receives, from the first network entity, a medium access control element (MAC-CE) indicating a path loss adjustment, where the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine an adjusted path loss based on the downlink path loss from the first network entity, and where the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is associated with a sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission and a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state. The UE transmits, to one or more second additional network entities each associated with at least one of the TCI states, one or more SRSs using a transmission power based on the adjusted path loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The following relates to wireless communication, including path loss adjustment indication for transmitting a reference signal. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, message sending and receiving, broadcasting, and so on. These systems can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-A Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems). These systems may employ technologies such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication of communication devices, which may be referred to as User Equipment (UE).

[0003] Some wireless communication systems may include uplink-dense deployment systems in which a first network entity transmits downlink signals to user equipment (UE), and the UE transmits uplink signals to one or more additional uplink-only network entities, such as uplink transmit-receive points (TRPs). Summary of the Invention

[0004] The described technology relates to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses for supporting path loss adjustment indications for the transmission of Sounding Reference Signals (SRS). For example, the described technology provides a User Equipment (UE) receiving indication to be applied to path loss adjustment for SRS transmissions with multiple Transmit Configuration Indicator (TCI) states.

[0005] The UE can estimate the downlink path loss associated with a downlink reference signal from a first network entity. The UE can receive a MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment from the first network entity, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine the adjusted path loss based on the downlink path loss from the first network entity. The path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE can be associated with SRS transmission and multiple TCI states. The UE can use transmission power based on the adjusted path loss to transmit one or more SRS to one or more second additional network entities, each associated with at least one of the multiple TCI states.

[0006] For example, for semi-periodic (SP) or aperiodic (AP) SRS transmissions, the MAC-CE can instruct the UE to adjust the path loss for multiple TCI states via a reserved bit indication for the SP or AP SRS TCI state indication, a new path loss adjustment field in the MAC-CE, or multiple path loss adjustment fields. In some examples, the MAC-CE can instruct the UE to adjust the path loss for multiple TCI states of the SRS path loss reference signal. In some examples, a single MAC-CE can instruct the UE to adjust the path loss for periodic (P), SP, or AP SRS resource sets.

[0007] A method for wireless communication by a UE is described. The method may include: receiving a downlink reference signal from a first network entity; estimating a downlink path loss associated with the downlink reference signal from the first network entity; receiving a MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment from the first network entity, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine an adjusted path loss based on the downlink path loss from the first network entity, and wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is associated with an SRS transmission and a set of multiple TCI states; and transmitting one or more SRS signals to one or more second additional network entities, each associated with at least one TCI state in the set of multiple TCI states, using a transmission power based on the adjusted path loss.

[0008] A UE for wireless communication is described. The UE may include one or more memories storing processor-executable code, a transceiver, and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and the transceiver. The one or more processors may be able to operate individually or jointly to execute code to cause the UE to: receive a downlink reference signal from a first network entity via the transceiver; estimate a downlink path loss associated with the downlink reference signal from the first network entity; receive a MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment from the first network entity via the transceiver, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine an adjusted path loss based on the downlink path loss from the first network entity, and wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is associated with an SRS transmission and a set of multiple TCI states; and transmit one or more SRSs via the transceiver to one or more second additional network entities, each associated with at least one TCI state in the set of multiple TCI states, using a transmit power based on the adjusted path loss.

[0009] Another UE for wireless communication is described. The UE may include: components for receiving a downlink reference signal from a first network entity; components for estimating a downlink path loss associated with the downlink reference signal from the first network entity; components for receiving a MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment from the first network entity, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine an adjusted path loss based on the downlink path loss from the first network entity, and wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is associated with an SRS transmission and a set of multiple TCI states; and components for transmitting one or more SRSs to one or more second additional network entities, each associated with at least one TCI state in the set of multiple TCI states, using a transmission power based on the adjusted path loss.

[0010] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the following actions: receiving a downlink reference signal from a first network entity; estimating a downlink path loss associated with the downlink reference signal from the first network entity; receiving a MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment from the first network entity, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine an adjusted path loss based on the downlink path loss from the first network entity, and wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is associated with an SRS transmission and a set of multiple TCI states; and transmitting one or more SRS signals to one or more second additional network entities, each associated with at least one TCI state in the set of multiple TCI states, using a transmission power based on the adjusted path loss.

[0011] The methods described herein, examples of UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving additional control signaling from a first network entity, the additional control signaling indicating whether path loss adjustment can be enabled for each of a set of multiple TCI states.

[0012] In the methods described herein, and in some examples of UEs and nontransitory computer-readable media, the MAC-CE includes a set of multiple reserved bits indicating path loss adjustment.

[0013] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, MAC-CE includes a path loss adjustment presence indicator bit that indicates whether a set of multiple reserved bits indicates path loss adjustment.

[0014] In some examples of the methods described herein, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media, MAC-CE includes a path loss adjustment field that indicates path loss adjustment.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, MAC-CE also indicates the presence of a path loss adjustment field for applying path loss adjustment.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, MAC-CE includes a set of multiple path loss adjustment fields indicating path loss adjustment, each of the multiple path loss adjustment fields corresponding to a corresponding SRS resource or a corresponding TCI state in a set of multiple TCI states.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, operations, features, components, or instructions for transmitting SRS may include operations, features, components, or instructions for transmitting each of a set of multiple SRSs using transmit power, the set of multiple SRSs including a corresponding SRS for each of a set of multiple TCI states.

[0018] The methods described herein, examples of UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: adjusting path loss based on MAC-CE indication for each of a set of multiple TCI states; and using transmit power to transmit each of a set of multiple SRSs.

[0019] The methods described herein, examples of UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for transmitting each of a set of multiple SRSs using transmit power, based on an indication that a set of multiple TCI states does not exist in the MAC-CE.

[0020] The methods described herein, examples of UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for transmitting each SRS in a set of multiple SRSs using transmit power based on: each SRS in the set of multiple SRSs using a corresponding SRS resource in the SRS resource set; path loss adjustment indicated by MAC-CE applying to the SRS resource corresponding to the lowest SRS resource identifier within the SRS resource set; and corresponding path loss adjustment for each other SRS resource within the SRS resource set based on the path loss adjustment for the SRS resource corresponding to the lowest SRS resource identifier.

[0021] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment is a MAC-CE used to indicate the TCI status for SP or AP SRS transmission.

[0022] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment is a MAC-CE used to indicate an update to the path loss reference signal used for SRS transmission.

[0023] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the MAC-CE is associated with the number of SRS resource sets included within the component carrier, the number of SRS resource sets associated with the beam management process, or the number of SRS resource sets indicated by the MAC-CE.

[0024] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the UE may be restricted to uplink communication with one or more second additional network entities, and one or more SRSs may be transmitted using transmit power based on adjusted path loss, based on the UE being restricted to uplink communication with one or more second additional network entities.

[0025] In the methods described herein, in some examples of UEs and nontransitory computer-readable media, the path loss adjustment indicated by MAC-CE is an offset relative to the downlink path loss or a scaling factor used to scale the downlink path loss. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system supported by one or more aspects of this disclosure for detecting path loss adjustment indications for the transmission of a reference signal is shown.

[0027] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system supported by one or more aspects of this disclosure for detecting path loss adjustment indications for the transmission of a reference signal is shown.

[0028] Figure 3 An example of a media access control element supporting path loss adjustment indication for probing reference signal transmission, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0029] Figure 4 An example of a media access control element supporting path loss adjustment indication for probing reference signal transmission, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0030] Figure 5An example of a media access control element supporting path loss adjustment indication for probing reference signal transmission, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0031] Figure 6 An example of a media access control element supporting path loss adjustment indication for probing reference signal transmission, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0032] Figure 7 An example of a media access control element supporting path loss adjustment indication for probing reference signal transmission, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0033] Figure 8 An example of a media access control element supporting path loss adjustment indication for probing reference signal transmission, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0034] Figure 9 An example of a process flow for probing a path loss adjustment indication for a reference signal transmission, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0035] Figure 10 and Figure 11 A block diagram of an apparatus for detecting path loss adjustment indication of a reference signal transmission, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0036] Figure 12 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting path loss adjustment indication for detecting reference signal transmission, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0037] Figure 13 A diagram of a system including a device for supporting path loss adjustment indication for transmitting a reference signal, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0038] Figure 14 A flowchart illustrating a method for probing a path loss adjustment indication for a reference signal transmission, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Some wireless communication systems may include uplink-dense deployment systems in which a first network entity transmits downlink signals to user equipment (UE), and the UE transmits uplink signals to one or more additional uplink-only network entities, such as uplink transmit-receive points (TRPs). In such wireless communication systems, the UE can measure or know the downlink path loss associated with the downlink signal from the first network entity. However, when transmitting a reference signal to an uplink-only network entity, the UE may not be able to measure or know the uplink path loss because the uplink-only network entity does not transmit downlink signals to the UE to measure and determine the path loss. Therefore, transmitting a reference signal to an uplink-only network entity in the uplink signal according to power adjustment (e.g., compensating for uplink path loss) can be difficult.

[0040] As discussed herein, the UE may receive a Media Access Control (MAC-CE) indicating path loss adjustment to be applied to SRS transmissions for multiple Transmit Configuration Indicator (TCI) states. The UE may estimate the downlink path loss associated with a downlink reference signal from a first network entity. The UE may receive the MAC-CE indicating the path loss adjustment from the first network entity, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine the adjusted path loss based on the downlink path loss from the first network entity. The path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE may be associated with SRS transmissions and multiple TCI states. The UE may use transmit power based on the adjusted path loss to transmit one or more SRSs to one or more second additional network entities, each associated with at least one of the multiple TCI states.

[0041] For example, for semi-periodic (SP) or aperiodic (AP) SRS transmissions, the MAC-CE can instruct the UE to adjust the path loss for multiple TCI states via a reserved bit indication for the SP or AP SRS TCI state indication, a new path loss adjustment field in the MAC-CE, or multiple path loss adjustment fields. In some examples, the MAC-CE can instruct the UE to adjust the path loss for multiple TCI states of the SRS path loss reference signal. In some examples, a single MAC-CE can instruct the UE to adjust the path loss for periodic (P), SP, or AP SRS resource sets.

[0042] The aspects of this disclosure are first described within the context of a wireless communication system. These aspects are further illustrated by apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts relating to path loss adjustment indication for transmitting a sounding reference signal (SRS), and are described with reference to these diagrams.

[0043] Figure 1An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more devices such as one or more network devices (e.g., network entity 105), one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an Advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating under other systems and radio technologies including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0044] Network entity 105 may be distributed across a geographical area to form wireless communication system 100, and may include devices employing different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, mobility element, radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, etc. In some examples, network entity 105 and UE 115 may wirelessly communicate via communication link 125 (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link). For example, network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographical coverage area) over which UE 115 and network entity 105 can establish communication link 125. Coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographical area in which network entity 105 and UE 115 may support the transmission of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0045] UE 115 can be distributed throughout the coverage area 110 of wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. UE 115 can be devices in different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Examples of UE 115 are illustrated herein. The UE 115 described herein may be able to support communication with various types of devices in the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., other wireless communication devices, including UE 115 or network entity 105), such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0046] As described herein, nodes of the wireless communication system 100 (which may be referred to as network nodes or wireless nodes) may be network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein), network controller, apparatus, device, computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be UE 115. Alternatively, a node may be network entity 105. Furthermore, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second or third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be UE 115, the second node may be network entity 105, and the third node may be UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be UE 115, the second node may be network entity 105, and the third node may be network entity 105. In other aspects of this example, the first node, the second node, and the third node may be different from these examples. Similarly, references to UE 115, network entity 105, device, equipment, computing system, etc., may include disclosures of UE 115, network entity 105, device, equipment, computing system, etc., as nodes. For example, a disclosure that UE 115 is configured to receive information from network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.

[0047] In some examples, network entity 105 may communicate with core network 130, communicate with each other, or both. For example, network entity 105 may communicate with core network 130 via backhaul communication link 120 (e.g., according to S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocols). In some examples, network entity 105 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130) via backhaul communication link 120 (e.g., according to X2, Xn, or other interface protocols). In some examples, network entity 105 may communicate with each other via midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., according to midhaul interface protocol) or fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., according to fronthaul interface protocol) or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication link 120, midhaul communication link 162, or fronthaul communication link 168 may be one or more wired links (e.g., electrical links, fiber optic links), one or more wireless links (e.g., radio links, wireless optical links), etc., or various combinations thereof, or may include one or more wired links (e.g., electrical links, fiber optic links), one or more wireless links (e.g., radio links, wireless optical links), etc., or various combinations thereof. UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via communication link 155.

[0048] One or more network entities or network equipment described herein as network entity 105 or network equipment may include or be referred to as base station 140 (e.g., transceiver base station, radio base station, NR base station, access point, radio transceiver, NodeB, eNodeB (eNB), next-generation NodeB or gigabit NodeB (any of which may be referred to as gNB), 5G NB, next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), home NodeB, home eNodeB, or other suitable terms). In some examples, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture that may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single network entity (e.g., network entity 105 or a single RAN node, such as base station 140).

[0049] In some examples, network entity 105 may be implemented in a decomposed architecture (e.g., a decomposed base station architecture, a decomposed RAN architecture) that can be configured to utilize protocol stacks physically or logically distributed across multiple network entities (e.g., network entity 105) such as an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) network, an Open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a Virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a Cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, network entity 105 may include one or more of the following: a Central Unit (CU) such as CU 160, a Distributed Unit (DU) such as DU 165, a Radio Unit (RU) such as RU 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) such as RIC 175 (e.g., a near real-time RIC (near RT RIC), a non-real-time RIC (non-RT RIC)), a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system such as SMO system 180, or any combination thereof. RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio headend, intelligent radio headend, remote radio headend (RRH), remote radio unit (RRU), or transmit / receive point (TRP). One or more components of network entity 105 in a decomposed RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of network entity 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more network entities in network entity 105 of a decomposed RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., virtual CU (VCU), virtual DU (VDU), virtual RU (VRU)).

[0050] The functional splitting among CU 160, DU 165, and RU 170 is flexible and can support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, or any combination thereof) are performed at CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170. For example, a protocol stack functional splitting can be used between CU 160 and DU 165, allowing CU 160 to support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and DU 165 to support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, CU 160 can host upper protocol layer (e.g., Layer 3 (L3), Layer 2 (L2)) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC), Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). CU 160 (e.g., one or more CUs) may connect to DU 165 (e.g., one or more DUs) or RU 170 (e.g., one or more RUs) or some combination thereof, and DU 165, RU 170, or both may host lower protocol layers, such as Layer 1 (L1) (e.g., Physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Medium Access Control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by CU 160. Additionally or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between DU 165 and RU 170, such that DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. DU 165 may (e.g., via one or more different RUs, such as RU 170) support one or more different cells. In some cases, functional decomposition between CU 160 and DU 165, or between DU 165 and RU 170, can be performed within the protocol layer (e.g., some functions of the protocol layer can be performed by one of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer can be performed by different of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170). CU 160 can be further functionally decomposed into CU control plane (CU-CP) functions and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. CU 160 can be connected to DU 165 via midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u), and DU 165 can be connected to RU 170 via fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some examples, the midhaul communication link 162 or the fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented based on the interfaces (e.g., channels) between the layers of the protocol stack, which are supported by corresponding network entities (e.g., one or more network entities in network entity 105) that communicate via such communication links.

[0051] In some wireless communication systems (e.g., wireless communication system 100), the infrastructure and spectrum resources for radio access can support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, thereby providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities in network entity 105 (e.g., network entity 105 or IAB node 104) may be partially controlled by each other. IAB node 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or IAB donor. DU 165 or RU 170 may be partially controlled by CU 160 associated with network entity 105 or base station 140 (such as a donor network entity or donor base station). One or more donor entities (e.g., IAB donors) may communicate with one or more additional devices (e.g., IAB node 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link 120). IAB node 104 may include an IAB mobile terminal (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by one or more DUs (e.g., DU 165) of a coupled IAB donor. The IAB-MT may be equipped with a separate set of antennas for relaying communication with UE 115, or may share the same antennas (e.g., those of RU 170) for access to IAB node 104 via DU 165 of IAB node 104. (e.g., referred to as a virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some examples, IAB node 104 may include one or more DUs (e.g., DU 165) that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node 104, UE 115) within a relay chain or configuration (e.g., downstream) of the access network. In such cases, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., IAB node 104 or components of IAB node 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0052] For example, the access network (AN) or RAN may include communication between an access node (e.g., an IAB donor), IAB node 104, and one or more UEs 115. The IAB donor may facilitate connectivity between the core network 130 and the AN (e.g., via a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130). That is, an IAB donor can refer to a RAN node with a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130. The IAB donor may include one or more of CU 160, DU 165, and RU 170, in which case CU 160 may communicate with the core network 130 via an interface (e.g., a backhaul link). The IAB donor and IAB node 104 may communicate via an F1 interface according to a protocol defining the signaling messages (e.g., the F1 AP protocol). Additionally or alternatively, CU 160 may communicate with core network 130 via an interface (which may be part of a backhaul link) and may communicate with other CUs (e.g., including CU 160 associated with an alternative IAB donor) via an Xn-C interface (which may be another part of a backhaul link).

[0053] IAB node 104 may refer to a RAN node that provides IAB functionality (e.g., access for UE 115, radio self-backhaul capability, etc.). DU 165 may act as a distributed scheduling node toward child nodes associated with IAB node 104, and IAB-MT may act as a scheduled node toward a parent node associated with IAB node 104. That is, an IAB donor may be referred to as a parent node communicating with one or more child nodes (e.g., an IAB donor may relay UE transmissions through other IAB nodes 104). Additionally or alternatively, IAB node 104 may also be referred to as a parent or child node of other IAB nodes 104, depending on the AN's relay chain or configuration. The IAB-MT entity of IAB node 104 can provide a Uu interface to the child IAB node (e.g., IAB node 104) to receive signaling from the parent IAB node (e.g., IAB node 104), and the DU interface (e.g., DU 165) can provide a Uu interface to the parent IAB node to send signaling notifications to the child IAB node or UE 115.

[0054] For example, IAB node 104 may be referred to as a parent node supporting communication to child IAB nodes or as a child IAB node associated with an IAB donor, or both. An IAB donor may include a CU 160 having a wired or wireless connection to core network 130 (e.g., backhaul communication link 120) and may act as a parent node of IAB node 104. For example, an IAB donor's DU 165 may relay transmissions to UE 115 via IAB node 104, or may signal transmissions directly to UE 115, or both. An IAB donor's CU 160 may signal the establishment of a communication link to IAB node 104 via an F1 interface, and IAB node 104 may schedule transmissions (e.g., transmissions relayed from the IAB donor to UE 115) via one or more DUs (e.g., DU 165). In other words, data can be relayed to and from IAB node 104 via signaling through the NR Uu interface of the MT to IAB node 104 (e.g., other IAB nodes). Communication with IAB node 104 can be scheduled by the IAB donor or by DU 165 of IAB node 104.

[0055] When the techniques described herein are applied in the context of a decomposed RAN architecture, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture can be configured to support the tests described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by UE 115 or network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) may additionally or alternatively be performed by one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., components such as IAB node, DU 165, CU 160, RU 170, RIC 175, SMO system 180, etc.).

[0056] UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or any other suitable term, wherein "device" may also be referred to as a cell, station, terminal, or client, etc. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, Internet of Things (IoT) device, Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, etc., which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances or vehicles, meters, etc.

[0057] The UE 115 described herein can communicate with various types of devices, such as the UE 115 which sometimes operates as a relay, and network entity 105 and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, etc. Figure 1As shown.

[0058] UE 115 and network entity 105 can wirelessly communicate with each other via communication link 125 (e.g., one or more access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term "carrier" can refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined PHY layer structure for supporting communication link 125. For example, a carrier for communication link 125 may include a portion of the RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) operating according to one or more PHY layer channels for a given RAT (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each PHY layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling coordinating operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 can support communication with UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, UE 115 can be configured to utilize multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation can be used in conjunction with both frequency division duplex (FDD) component carriers and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers. Communication between network entity 105 and other devices can refer to communication between these devices and any part of network entity 105 (e.g., entity, sub-entity). For example, the terms “send,” “receive,” or “communicate” when referring to network entity 105 can mean that any part of network entity 105 of the RAN (e.g., base station 140, CU 160, DU 165, RU 170) communicates with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities, such as one or more network entities in network entity 105).

[0059] In some examples, such as in carrier aggregation configurations, a carrier may have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates the operation of other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute RF Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be identified according to a channel grating used for discovery by UE 115. A carrier may operate in standalone mode, in which case initial acquisition and connection can be performed by UE 115 via that carrier, or the carrier may operate in non-standalone mode, in which case different carriers (e.g., of the same or different RATs) are used to anchor the connection.

[0060] The communication link 125 of the wireless communication system 100 may include downlink transmission (e.g., forward link transmission) from network entity 105 to UE 115, uplink transmission (e.g., return link transmission) from UE 115 to network entity 105, or both, as well as other transmission configurations. The carrier may carry downlink communication or uplink communication (e.g., in FDD mode), or may be configured to carry both downlink and uplink communication (e.g., in TDD mode).

[0061] A carrier may be associated with a specific bandwidth of the RF spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as the carrier or the “system bandwidth” of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of a set of bandwidths for a carrier for a specific RAT (e.g., 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, 20 MHz, 40 MHz, or 80 MHz). Devices of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115, or both) may have hardware configurations that support communication using a specific carrier bandwidth, or may be configured to support communication using one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include network entity 105 or UE 115 that supports concurrent communication using carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured to operate using a portion (e.g., subband, BWP) or all of the carrier bandwidth.

[0062] The signal waveform transmitted via a carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform extended OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM, a resource element may refer to a resource of one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the decoding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), such that a relatively high number of resource elements (e.g., in the transmission duration) and a relatively high modulation scheme order correspond to a relatively high communication rate. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of RF spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity used for communication with UE 115.

[0063] It can support one or more sets of parameters for a carrier, and the set of parameters may include subcarrier spacing ( (and cyclic prefix). A carrier can be divided into one or more BWPs with the same or different sets of parameters. In some examples, multiple BWPs can be used to configure UE 115. In some examples, a single BWP of a carrier can be active at a given time, and communication for UE 115 can be constrained to one or more active BWPs.

[0064] The time interval for network entity 105 or UE 115 can be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, such as the sampling period. seconds, in response This can represent the supported subcarrier spacing, and This can represent the supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. The time interval for organizing communication resources can be based on radio frames, each with a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a System Frame Number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0065] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may (e.g., in the time domain) be divided into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix appended to each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems, such as wireless communication system 100, time slots may be further divided into multiple micro-time slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., The duration of a symbol period is associated with a (number) sampling period. The duration of a symbol period can depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0066] A subframe, time slot, micro-time slot, or symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain) and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the duration of the TTI (e.g., the number of symbol periods in the TTI) can be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0067] Depending on the technology, carriers can be used to multiplex physical channels for communication. For example, one or more of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques can be used to multiplex physical control channels and physical data channels for signaling via a downlink carrier. The control region (e.g., control resource set (CORESET)) of the physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth of the carrier or a subset of that bandwidth. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESET) can be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more UEs in UE 115 may monitor or search for control regions to obtain control information based on one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a concatenated manner. The aggregation level of control channel candidates may refer to the amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set may include a public search space set configured to transmit control information to UE115 (e.g., one or more UEs), or it may include a UE-specific search space set configured to transmit control information to UE115 (e.g., a particular UE).

[0068] Network entity 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells (e.g., macro cells, small cells, hotspots, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof). The term "cell" may refer to a logical communication entity used (e.g., using a carrier) to communicate with network entity 105 and may be associated with an identifier used to distinguish adjacent cells (e.g., Physical Cell Identifier (PCID), Virtual Cell Identifier (VCID)). In some examples, a cell may also refer to a coverage area 110 or a portion of coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) in which a logical communication entity operates. Depending on various factors such as the capabilities of network entity 105, the range of such cells may be from smaller areas (e.g., structures, subsets of structures) to larger areas. For example, a cell may be a building, a subset of buildings, or external space between or overlapping coverage areas 110, etc., or may include buildings, subsets of buildings, or external space between or overlapping coverage areas, etc.

[0069] Macro cells typically cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and allow unrestricted access to UE 115 that has a service subscription with a network provider supporting the macro cell. In contrast to macro cells, small cells may be associated with network entities 105 operating at lower power (e.g., base station 140 operating at lower power) and may operate using the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells may provide unrestricted access to UE 115 that has a service subscription with a network provider, or restricted access to UE 115 associated with a small cell (e.g., UE 115 in a closed subscriber group (CSG), or UE 115 associated with a user in a home or office). Network entity 105 may support one or more cells and may also use one or more component carriers to support communication via one or more cells.

[0070] In some examples, a carrier can support multiple cells and can be configured with different cells based on different protocol types that can provide access for different types of devices (e.g., MTC, Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)).

[0071] In some examples, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) can be mobile, and thus provide communication coverage to mobile coverage areas (such as coverage area 110). In some examples, coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies (e.g., different coverage areas) can overlap, but coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) can be supported by the same network entity (e.g., network entity 105). In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas (such as coverage area 110) associated with different technologies can be supported by different network entities (e.g., network entity 105). The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of network entities 105 support communication in coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) using the same or different RATs.

[0072] The wireless communication system 100 can support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, network entities 105 (e.g., base station 140) can have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different network entities (e.g., different network entities within network entity 105) can be approximately time-aligned. For asynchronous operation, network entities 105 can have different frame timings, and in some examples, transmissions from different network entities (e.g., different network entities within network entity 105) may not be time-aligned. The techniques described herein can be used for both synchronous and asynchronous operation.

[0073] Some UE 115 devices (such as MTC or IoT devices) can be relatively low-cost or low-complexity devices and can provide automated communication between machines (e.g., via machine-to-machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC can refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with each other or with network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communication from devices with integrated sensors or instruments to measure or acquire information and relay such information to a central server or application that uses the information or presents it to people interacting with the application. Some UE 115 devices may be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based service charging.

[0074] Some UE 115s can be configured to operate in a power-saving mode, such as half-duplex communication (e.g., a mode that supports unidirectional communication via transmission or reception but does not transmit and receive concurrently). In some examples, half-duplex communication can be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power-saving techniques for UE 115 may include: entering a power-saving deep sleep mode when not engaged in active communication, operating with limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communication), or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UE 115s can be configured to operate using a narrowband protocol type associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., a set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs)) within a carrier, within a carrier's guard band, or outside a carrier.

[0075] Wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communication may include private or group communication and may be supported by one or more services, such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritizing services, and such services may be used for public safety or general business applications. The terms “ultra-reliable,” “low-latency,” and “ultra-reliable low-latency” are used interchangeably herein.

[0076] In some examples, UE 115 may be configured to support direct communication with other UEs (e.g., one or more UEs in UE 115) via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link (such as D2D communication link 135) (e.g., according to a peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocol). In some examples, one or more UEs 115 in a group performing D2D communication may be within the coverage area 110 of network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170), which may support aspects of such D2D communication configured (e.g., scheduled by network entity 105). In some examples, one or more UEs 115 in this group may be outside the coverage area 110 of network entity 105, or may otherwise be unable or not configured to receive transmissions from network entity 105. In some examples, a group of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication can support a one-to-many (1:M) system, in which each UE 115 transmits to one or more UEs in the group. In some examples, network entity 105 can facilitate the scheduling of resources used for D2D communication. In some other examples, D2D communication can be performed between UEs 115 without involving network entity 105.

[0077] Core network 130 provides user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), access and mobility management function (AMF)) for managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or user plane function (UPF)) for routing packets or interconnecting to external networks. The control plane entity manages non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management of UE 115 served by network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) associated with core network 130. User IP packets can be transferred through user plane entities, which provide IP address allocation and other functions. User plane entities can connect to one or more network operator IP services 150. IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0078] Wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz. Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is referred to as the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelength range is approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features (which may be referred to as clusters), but these waves are sufficient to penetrate structures so that macrocells can provide service to UE 115 located indoors. Compared to communication using smaller frequencies and longer wavelengths in the lower frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz, communication using UHF waves can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than one hundred kilometers).

[0079] The wireless communication system 100 can also operate in the Ultra High Frequency (SHF) band (also known as the centimeter band) in the range of 3 GHz to 30 GHz or in the Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band (e.g., 30 GHz to 300 GHz) (also known as the millimeter band) using the spectrum. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 can support millimeter-wave (mmW) communication between the UE 115 and the network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU170), and the EHF antennas of the corresponding devices can be smaller and more closely spaced than UHF antennas. In some examples, such techniques facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the device. However, compared to SHF or UHF transmission, EHF transmission may experience even greater attenuation and a shorter range. The techniques disclosed herein can be adopted for transmission across one or more different frequency bands, and the frequency band usage specified across these frequency bands may vary by country or regulatory authority.

[0080] Wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, wireless communication system 100 may employ licensed assisted access (LAA), LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) RAT, or NR technology using unlicensed frequency bands (such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band). When operating with unlicensed RF spectrum, devices such as network entity 105 and UE 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation using unlicensed frequency bands may be based on carrier aggregation configurations combined with component carriers operating with licensed frequency bands (e.g., LAA). Operation using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmission, uplink transmission, P2P transmission, or D2D transmission, etc.

[0081] Network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas that can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of network entity 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which can support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly (such as an antenna tower). In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with network entity 105 may be located at different geographical locations. Network entity 105 may include an antenna array having a collection of multiple rows and columns of antenna ports that network entity 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with UE 115. Similarly, UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support RF beamforming for signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0082] Network entity 105 or UE 115 can use MIMO communication to leverage multipath signal propagation and improve spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. This technique is known as spatial multiplexing. The multiple signals can be transmitted, for example, by a transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, the multiple signals can be received by a receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals can be referred to as a separate spatial stream and can carry information associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers can be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include: single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device; and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.

[0083] Beamforming (also known as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting or receiving device (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115) to shape or guide an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting and receiving devices. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals transmitted via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along a specific orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to the signals transmitted via the antenna elements may include applying amplitude shifts, phase shifts, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of these antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a specific orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting or receiving device or relative to some other orientation).

[0084] Network entity 105 or UE 115 may use beam scanning technology as part of beamforming operations. For example, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted multiple times by network entity 105 in different directions. For example, network entity 105 may transmit signals according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different transmission directions. Transmission along different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device (such as network entity 105) or by a receiving device (such as UE 115)) the beam direction for later transmission or reception by network entity 105.

[0085] Some signals (such as data signals associated with a specific receiving device) may be transmitted by a transmitting device (e.g., network entity 105 or UE 115) along a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with a receiving device such as another network entity 105 or UE 115). In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmission along a single beam direction may be determined based on the signals transmitted along one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more signals transmitted by network entity 105 in different directions and may report to network entity 105 an indication of signals received by UE 115 with the highest signal quality or other acceptable signal quality.

[0086] In some examples, transmissions performed by a device (e.g., network entity 105 or UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital pre-decoding or beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from network entity 105 to UE 115). UE 115 may report feedback indicating pre-decoding weights for one or more beam directions, and this feedback may correspond to a configured set of beams across the system bandwidth or one or more subbands. Network entity 105 may transmit reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)) that may or may not be pre-decoded. UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a pre-decoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., multi-panel codebook, linear combination codebook, port selection codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted by network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) in one or more directions, UE 115 may use similar techniques to transmit signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., to identify the beam direction used by UE 115 for subsequent transmission or reception), or to transmit signals in a single direction (e.g., to transmit data to a receiving device).

[0087] A receiving device (e.g., UE 115) may perform reception operations according to multiple reception configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals (such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from a transmitting device (e.g., network entity 105). For example, the receiving device may perform reception according to multiple reception directions by: receiving via different antenna subarrays; processing the received signal according to different antenna subarrays; receiving according to different sets of reception beamforming weights applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array (e.g., different directional listening weight sets); or processing the received signal according to different sets of reception beamforming weights applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array. Any of these operations may be referred to as “listening” according to different reception configurations or reception directions. In some examples, the receiving device may use a single reception configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when a data signal is received). A single receiver configuration can be aligned along a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receiver configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or other acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions).

[0088] The wireless communication system 100 can be a packet-based network operating according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communication at the bearer or PDCP layer can be IP-based. The RLC layer performs packet segmentation and reassembly for transmission via logical channels. The MAC layer performs priority processing and multiplexing of logical channels to transport channels. The MAC layer can also use error detection, error correction, or both to support retransmissions to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the RRC layer provides the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of RRC connections between the UE 115 and network entity 105 or core network 130 that support user plane data radio bearers. The PHY layer maps transport channels to physical channels.

[0089] In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include an uplink-dense deployment system in which a first network entity 105 transmits downlink signals to a UE 115, and the UE 115 transmits uplink signals to one or more additional uplink-only network entities 105 (such as one or more additional uplink-only TRPs). In such a wireless communication system, the UE 115 can measure or know the downlink path loss associated with the downlink signals from the first network entity 105. However, when transmitting SRS transmissions to the uplink-only network entity 105, the UE 115 may not be able to measure or know the uplink path loss because the uplink-only network entity 105 does not transmit downlink signals to the UE 115 to measure and determine the path loss. Therefore, transmitting SRS transmissions to the uplink-only network entity 105 in the uplink signal according to power adjustment (e.g., compensating for uplink path loss) may be difficult.

[0090] As discussed herein, UE 115 may receive a MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment to be applied to SRS transmissions for multiple TCI states. UE 115 may estimate the downlink path loss associated with a downlink reference signal from a first network entity 105. UE may receive a MAC-CE from the first network entity 105 indicating path loss adjustment, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine an adjusted path loss based on the downlink path loss from the first network entity 105. The path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE may be associated with SRS transmissions and multiple TCI states. UE 115 may use transmit power based on the adjusted path loss to transmit one or more SRSs to one or more second additional network entities, each associated with at least one of the multiple TCI states.

[0091] For example, for SP or AP SRS transmissions, the MAC-CE can instruct the UE 115 to adjust the path loss for multiple TCI states via a reserved bit indication for the SP or AP SRS TCI state indication, a new path loss adjustment field in the MAC-CE, or multiple path loss adjustment fields. In some examples, the MAC-CE can instruct the UE 115 to adjust the path loss for multiple TCI states of the SRS path loss reference signal. In some examples, a single MAC-CE can instruct the UE to adjust the path loss for the P, SP, or AP SRS resource set.

[0092] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system 200 supporting path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. The wireless communication system 200 may implement, or be implemented by, aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 200 includes a UE 115-a, a network entity 105-a, and a network entity 105-b, which may be related to... Figure 1 Examples of UE 115 and network entity 105 described.

[0093] In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may be densely deployed (e.g., uplink dense deployment) to improve uplink signal coverage or capacity (e.g., asymmetric downlink and uplink densification). Uplink signals transmitted by UE 115-a may be received by a second network entity 105-b, which may be an uplink-only TRP (e.g., UE 115-a may not be able to receive downlink signaling from the second network entity 105-b). Downlink signals or channels may be transmitted from network entity 105-a, which may be a node different from network entity 105-b. For example, network entity 105-a may be a macro node, central node, serving cell, serving network entity 105, or base station, etc. Uplink TRPs (such as network entity 105-b) may be connected to macro nodes (such as network entity 105-a) via backhaul connections between network entities 105. For example, when uplink signaling is bottlenecked, uplink dense deployment can reduce uplink path loss and promote increased uplink coverage. Reducing uplink path loss can lower deployment costs (e.g., by associating it with additional uplink network entity 105 in other ways). Reducing uplink path loss also reduces the complexity associated with uplink network entity 105 (e.g., uplink-only TRP), which does not transmit any downlink signals but instead receives uplink signals and relays them to macro nodes with or without processing the uplink signals. Although in Figure 2The diagram shows an uplink-only TRP (second network entity 105-b), but it should be understood that any number of uplink-only TRPs may exist, and UE 115-a may communicate with any number of uplink-only TRPs.

[0094] In some examples, such as for uplink beam management, network entity 105-a can configure or trigger UE 115-a to transmit SRS for beam management use. For example, for a unified TCI architecture, the uplink transmission beam for SRS can be determined for APSRS used for beam management, where UE 115-a (e.g., via configuration parameters) followUnifiedTCI-StateSRS The SRS resource set configured for UE 115-a may apply the indicated uplink TCI state or joint TCI state to the SRS resource set. UE 115-a may transmit target SRS resources within the SRS resource set based on spatial relationships (if applicable, referring to reference signals used to determine uplink transmission spatial filters). The reference signal may be determined based on a reference signal configured using a quasi-co-location (QCL) type. For example, the QCL-type may be set to type D in the QCL information of the reference signal in the indicated TCI state or the indicated TCI uplink state. The reference signal in the indicated TCI state may be a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) (e.g., for beam management). In some examples, the reference signal indicated in the uplink TCI state may be a CSI-RS for beam management, a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB), or an SRS.

[0095] In the unified TCI architecture, for P or SP or for AP SRS used for beam management (unutilized) followUnifiedTCI-StateSRS (Configure), which determines the uplink transmit beam used for SRS, and the available SRS resources in any P, SP, or AP SRS resource set for beam management can be configured with parameters (e.g., TCI-state or TCI-UL- State Configure or update via MAC CE. In such examples, the reference signal in the TCI state can be CSI-RS. The reference signal used for the TCI uplink state can be CSI-RS, SSB, or SRS used for beam management.

[0096] In some examples, the TCI status configuration or indication may be based on the presence of an octet of the MAC-CE that includes the TCI status serving cell identifier (ID) field or the transmit configuration status BWP ID field. In some examples, the TCI status ID may include the TCI status used for SRS resources (e.g., TCI status ID0, TCI status ID...). N-1(where N is an integer). The MAC-CE field can indicate whether an SP SRS resource set is active or deactivated (e.g., a field indicating A or D). This field can be ignored for AP SRS resources.

[0097] In some examples, the SRS path loss reference signal can be updated via MAC-CE. For example, MAC-CE may include a serving cell ID, which may be a field indicating the identity of the serving cell. This field may include the active SRS resource set or associated with an active SRS resource set. The length of this field may be 5 bits. MAC-CE may include a Bandwidth Part (BWP) ID, which may be a field indicating the uplink BWP as a code point in the downlink control information (DCI) bandwidth part indicator field, which includes the active SRS resource set. The length of this field may be 2 bits. MAC-CE may include an SRS resource set ID, which may be an indicator of the SRS resource set as specified by parameters. SRS-resourceSetId The field identifies the SRS resource set ID. This field can be 4 bits long. MAC-CE may include a path loss reference signal ID, which can be an indicator of the parameters. srs-PathlossReferenceRS-Id The field identifies the path loss reference signal ID. MAC-CE can update the path loss reference signal of the SRS resource set indicated by the SRS resource set ID field. This field can be 6 bits long. MAC-CE can provide these updates via reserved bits, which can be set to 0.

[0098] In some examples, downlink path loss reference signals may not be communicated for uplink-only nodes (e.g., TRPs) or network entity 105-b. Therefore, determining the path loss used for uplink power control can be difficult. In some examples, signaling design can be used to indicate transmit power adjustments due to uplink path changes. For example, the transmit power configuration (TPC) command in MAC-CE can indicate updates to the path loss offset, where the path loss offset is an offset relative to a reference path loss. In another example, uplink power control can be determined for uplink-only TRPs. Specifically, the path loss scaling factor... or It can be indicated for uplink power control, where This corresponds to the ratio between uplink path loss and reference path loss, and A combined scaling factor corresponding to the scaling factor of the path loss compensation coefficient and the uplink path loss scaling factor. The path loss compensation (PC) formula may include: PC = PL b,f,c (q d ) in A combined scaling factor corresponding to the scaling factor of the path loss compensation coefficient and the uplink path loss, and PL b,f,c (q d () refers to the serving cell used by UE 115 c The reference signal index q of the active downlink BWP d Calculated downlink path loss (PL) estimate in decibels (dB).

[0099] When instructed At that time, in the PC formula PL b,f,c (q d ) can be replaced with: PC = PL b,f,c (q d ).

[0100] When instructed At the same time, the PC formula used for Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) or SRS can be the same (e.g., PC = PL b,f,c (q d For example, for the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), the PC formula may include PL. b,f,c (q d Replace with PC = PL b,f,c (q d ).

[0101] In some examples, if parameters are configured followUnifiedTCI-StateSRS This allows for updating the path loss offset for multiple TCI states. However, for P or SP SRS used for beam management or AP SRS used for beam management (without utilizing parameters) followUnifiedTCI-StateSRS (to configure), or for use in unused followUnifiedTCI- StateSRS For SRS that performs any time-domain behavior of configured codebook, non-codebook, and antenna switching, path loss offset updates for multiple TCI states may not be applied. Therefore, in some examples, such as when not configured... followUnifiedTCI- StateSRS In such cases, path loss adjustments for multiple TCI states may not be applied. For example, even when not configured... followUnifiedTCI-StateSRS In addition, the techniques discussed in this paper can be used to apply path loss adjustment to the joint or uplink TCI state.

[0102] In the wireless communication system 200, to apply the path loss adjustment discussed herein, network entity 105-a can use communication link 125 to communicate with UE 115-a. In some examples, communication link 125 may include a first channel 225-a for transmitting data from UE 115-a to network entity 105-a and a second channel 225-b for transmitting data from network entity 105-a to UE 115-a. Communication link 125 may be an example of an NR or LTE link between UE 115-a and network entity 105-a. Communication link 125 may include a bidirectional link that enables both uplink and downlink communication, for example, via channel 225. For example, UE 115-a may use a first channel 225-a (e.g., communication link 125) to send uplink messages 245 (e.g., uplink transmissions), such as uplink control signals or uplink data signals, to network entity 105-a, and network entity 105-a may use a second channel 225-b (e.g., communication link 125) to send downlink messages 250 (e.g., downlink transmissions), such as downlink control signals or downlink data signals, to UE 115-a. In some examples, downlink message 250 may be part of control signaling sent from network entity 105-a. Network entity 105-b may use another communication link 125 to communicate with UE 115-a. In some examples, communication link 125 may include multiple channels, such as a third channel 225-c for sending data from UE 115-a to network entity 105-c.

[0103] Network entity 105-a may transmit a downlink reference signal in a first downlink message 250-a. In some examples, network entity 105-a may also transmit control signaling in a second downlink message 250-b, which indicates whether path loss adjustment is enabled for each of multiple TCI states (e.g., associated with one or more additional network entities 105-a, such as network entity 105-b). UE 115-a may estimate the downlink path loss associated with the downlink reference signal from the first downlink message 250-a of the first network entity 105-a. The UE may receive a MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment in a third downlink message 250-c from the first network entity, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine the adjusted path loss based on the downlink path loss from the first network entity 105-a. The path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE may be associated with SRS transmission and multiple TCI states, as described herein at least regarding Figure 3 to Figure 9 The discussion.

[0104] although Figure 2 An example is illustrated in which a downlink reference signal, control signaling indicating whether path loss adjustment is enabled for each of the multiple TCI states, and a MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment are transmitted in an example order. However, it should be understood that these transmissions can occur in any order, and it should also be understood that in some cases, one or more such transmissions can be combined. For example, the downlink reference signal may be transmitted after the control signaling indicating whether path loss adjustment is enabled for each of the multiple TCI states, after the MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment, or both. Additionally or alternatively, in some cases, the control signaling indicating whether path loss adjustment is enabled for each of the multiple TCI states may be combined with the MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment (e.g., the MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment may also indicate whether path loss adjustment is enabled for each of the multiple TCI states).

[0105] UE 115-a may use transmit power based on adjusted path loss to transmit one or more SRSs in uplink message 245 to one or more second additional network entities 105, each associated with at least one of a plurality of TCI states. For example, UE 115-a may use transmit power based on adjusted path loss to transmit one or more SRSs in uplink message 245 to network entity 105-b associated with at least one of a plurality of TCI states. In some cases where UE 115-a transmits multiple SRSs based on adjusted path loss, each of these multiple SRSs may be transmitted using the same transmit power. In other cases where UE 115-a transmits multiple SRSs based on adjusted path loss, at least some of those SRSs may have different transmit powers; for example, if one or more other transmit power parameters are different for two SRSs, the transmit power used for the two SRSs may be different, even if both are based on the same adjusted path loss.

[0106] Figure 3 An example of a MAC-CE 300 supporting path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. The MAC-CE 300 may include various fields 310 indicating activation or deactivation (e.g., A / D) or power adjustment, SRS resource set cell ID, SRS resource set BWP ID, supplementary uplink (SUL), TCI state serving cell ID, TCI state ID, TCI state BWP ID, etc.

[0107] For SP or AP SRS, UE 115 can be instructed via MAC-CE 300 to adjust the path loss for the set of TCI states by performing enhancements for SP AP SRS TCI states. Whether path loss adjustment is enabled for a given TCI state can be configured via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling from the network entity. In some examples, this configuration may involve using or reusing reserved bits 305, such as up to 2+N reserved bits (C=0) or 2+2N reserved bits (C=1), where... N It is the number of uplink TCI states indicated in the SPAP SRS TCI status indicator MAC-CE, thereby indicating path loss adjustment.

[0108] Figure 3 An example illustrates how a reserved bit in reserved bit 305 of the SP or AP SRS TCI status indicator MAC-CE can be used to indicate whether these reserved bits are used for path loss adjustment. In one example, path loss adjustment can be applied to each of the indicated joint or multiple uplink TCI states. In another example, path loss adjustment can be applied to the SRS resource set with the lowest SRS-ResourceId The SRS resources. For other SRS resources from the SRS resource set, the path loss adjustment value can be based on the SRS resource set with the lowest path loss. SRS-ResourceId The TCI status or TCI uplink status of the SRS resources is determined.

[0109] In some examples, the first reserved bit 305-a may indicate whether one or more reserved bits 305 are used for path loss adjustment. The second reserved bit 305-b or the third reserved bit 305-c may indicate the path loss adjustment to be applied to, for example, the TCI state indicated in MAC-CE 300.

[0110] Figure 4 Examples of MAC-CE 400-a and MAC-CE 400-b supporting path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission according to one or more aspects of this disclosure are shown. MAC-CE 400-a and MAC-CE 400-b can be... Figure 3 An example of MAC-CE 300. However, in MAC-CE 400-a, reserved bit 405-a can indicate whether other reserved bits are used for path loss adjustment. In MAC-CE 400-b, reserved bit 405-a allows path loss adjustment to be applied to all SRS resources within the SRS resource set if the uplink transmission is unknown in the uplink discovery state or if there is no indication of multiple TCI states in the MAC-CE.

[0111] In some examples, MAC-CE 400-a and MAC-CE 400-b may include a new path loss adjustment field in the SP or AP SRS TCI status indication to indicate path loss adjustment. Reserved bits (such as reserved bit 405-a in the SP or AP SRS TCI status indication MAC-CE 400-a) may be used to indicate the presence of the new path loss adjustment field. Therefore, path loss adjustment can be applied to each joint or uplink TCI status (e.g., TCI status ID) in the indicated joint or uplink TCI status. Path loss adjustment can be applied to the SRS resource set with the lowest... SRS-ResourceId The SRS resources. For other SRS resources from the SRS resource set, the path loss adjustment value can have the lowest value in the SRS resource set. SRS- ResourceId The determination is made based on the TCI status or TCI uplink status of the SRS resource.

[0112] In some examples, such as in MAC-CE 400-b, when the uplink transmit beam is unknown during the uplink discovery phase, path loss adjustment can be applied to all SRS resources within the SRS resource set. For instance, each SRS using transmit power can be based on the absence of an indication of TCI status in MAC-CE 400-b.

[0113] Figure 5 Examples of MAC-CE 500 supporting path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission according to one or more aspects of this disclosure are shown. MAC-CE 500-a and MAC-CE 500-b may be Figure 3 MAC-CE 300 or Figure 4 Example of MAC-CE 400. In some examples, multiple path loss adjustment fields are available in the SP or AP SRS TCI status indicator MAC-CE 500-a or MAC-CE 500-b. Reserved bits in the SP or AP SRS TCI status indicator MAC-CE can be used to indicate whether a new path loss adjustment field exists.

[0114] In some examples, such as MAC-CE 500-a, each path loss adjustment field in the path loss adjustment field may correspond to an SRS resource. Reserved bit 505-a may indicate whether a new path loss adjustment field exists. Field 510 may indicate a path loss adjustment (path loss adjustment 1) for resource 0 of the SRS resource. Additional fields indicating path loss adjustments (e.g., path loss adjustments 2, 3, up to N) may correspond to the respective resource. In MAC-CE 500-b, reserved bit 505-b may indicate whether a new path loss adjustment field exists.

[0115] In some examples, such as in MAC-CE 500-b, each path loss adjustment field in the path loss adjustment field may correspond to a TCI state ID. In some such examples, a reserved bit 505 preceding the TCI state ID field (such as reserved bit 505-c) may be used to indicate whether a path loss adjustment field is presented for the corresponding TCI state. If not, a path loss adjustment may be present for the same TCI state ID in a previous field. The previously reserved bit 505 preceding the TCI state ID may be the most significant bit in an octet. If separate downlink and uplink TCI states are used, the reserved bit 505 preceding the TCI state ID may be the most significant bit in the corresponding TCI state ID field. In some examples, bits within the TCI state ID field (e.g., the most significant bit) may indicate whether a path loss adjustment field is presented for the corresponding TCI state.

[0116] Figure 6 An example of a MAC-CE 600 supporting path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. The MAC-CE 600 may be... Figure 3 MAC-CE 300 Figure 4 MAC-CE 400 or Figure 5 An example of MAC-CE 500. MAC-CE 600 can be used for P, SP, or AP SRS resource sets. Some of the reserved bits 605 (e.g., up to 7 reserved bits) can be reused in the SRS path loss reference signal. MAC-CE can be updated to indicate path loss adjustment. For example, reserved bit 605-a or reserved bit 605-b can indicate whether reserved bit 605 is used for path loss adjustment. Reserved bit 605-a can indicate, for example, path loss adjustment for the corresponding serving cell ID. Reserved bit 605-b can indicate, for example, path loss adjustment for the corresponding resource set (e.g., SRS resource set ID) and reference signal (e.g., reference signal ID). One of the reserved bits 605 in the SRS path loss reference signal update MAC-CE can be used to indicate whether reserved bit 605 is used for path loss adjustment. In some examples, a new path loss adjustment field can be included in the SRS path loss reference signal MAC-CE. For example, one of the reserved bits 605-a or 605-b in the SRS path loss reference signal update MAC-CE can be used to indicate whether a new path loss adjustment field exists.

[0117] Figure 7 An example of a MAC-CE 700 supporting path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. The MAC-CE 700 may be... Figure 3MAC-CE 300 Figure 4 MAC-CE 400 Figure 5 MAC-CE 500 or Figure 6 An example of the MAC-CE 600 or similar operation (e.g., reserved bit indication). However, the MAC-CE 700 can be a new or separate MAC-CE used to indicate path loss adjustment.

[0118] MAC-CE 700 can be used for P, SP, and AP SRS resource sets. MAC-CE 700 can be used for more than one SRS resource set within the same BWP. MAC-CE can be associated with the number of SRS sets (e.g., the number of SRS sets applicable to), which can be the number of SRS resource sets included within a component carrier, the number of SRS resource sets associated with a particular beam management procedure, or the number of SRS resource sets indicated by MAC-CE (e.g., by one or more fields within MAC-CE). For example, reserved bit 705 can indicate whether path loss adjustment is applied to the corresponding SRS resource set, such as the resource corresponding to CC. In some examples, a single path loss adjustment field can be included in MAC-CE 700 for all SRS resource sets, such that path loss adjustment field 710 applies to all SRS resource sets or CC.

[0119] Figure 8 An example of a MAC-CE 800 supporting path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. MAC-CE 800 may be an example of MAC-CE 700. For example, MAC-CE 800 may be a new or separate MAC-CE for indicating path loss adjustment. In MAC-CE 800, reserved bit 805 may indicate whether path loss adjustment is applied to the corresponding SRS resource set, such as a resource corresponding to a CC. In some examples, for each SRS resource set in the SRS resource set, MAC-CE 800 includes multiple path loss adjustment fields, such as path loss adjustment field 810-a and path loss adjustment field 810-b. For example, path loss adjustment of path loss adjustment field 810 may be applied to the corresponding resource set, such as the corresponding CC.

[0120] Figure 9An example of a process flow 900 supporting a path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Process flow 900 may implement, or be implemented by, aspects of wireless communication system 100 or wireless communication system 200. For example, process flow 900 may include UE 115-b, network entity 105-c, and network entity 105-d, which may be examples of UE 115 and network entity 105 as described herein. In the following description of process flow 900, operations performed by UE 115-b, network entity 105-c, and network entity 105-d may be performed in a different order than the exemplary order shown or at different times. Some operations may also be omitted from process flow 900, or other operations may be added to process flow 900. Furthermore, although the operations in process flow 900 are illustrated as being performed by UE 115-b, network entity 105-c, and network entity 105-d, the examples herein should not be construed as limiting, as the described features may be associated with any number of different devices.

[0121] At position 905, UE 115-b may receive a downlink reference signal from first network entity 105-c. In some examples, at position 910, UE 115-b may receive additional control signaling from first network entity 105-c, which indicates whether path loss adjustment is enabled for each of a plurality of TCI states. In some examples, the relative order of the operations at positions 905 and 910 may be switched such that the operation at position 910 is performed before the operation at position 905. For example, UE 115-b may receive additional control signaling from first network entity 105-c, which indicates whether path loss adjustment is enabled for each of a plurality of TCI states. UE 115-b may then receive a downlink reference signal from first network entity 105-c.

[0122] At 915, UE 115-b can estimate the downlink path loss associated with the downlink reference signal from the first network entity 105-c. At 920, UE 115-b can receive a MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment from the first network entity 105-c, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine the adjusted path loss based on the downlink path loss from the first network entity 105-c, and wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is associated with SRS transmission and multiple TCI states. The MAC-CE may include multiple reserved bits indicating path loss adjustment. The MAC-CE may include a path loss adjustment presence indication bit indicating whether the multiple reserved bits indicate path loss adjustment. The MAC-CE may also indicate whether a path loss adjustment field for applying path loss adjustment exists.

[0123] In some examples, the MAC-CE may include multiple path loss adjustment fields indicating path loss adjustment, each of which corresponds to a corresponding SRS resource or a corresponding TCI state among multiple TCI states. The MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment may include a MAC-CE for indicating the TCI state for semi-periodic or aperiodic SRS transmission. The MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment may include a MAC-CE for indicating an update to the path loss reference signal for SRS transmission. The MAC-CE may be associated with the number of SRS resource sets included within the component carrier, the number of SRS resource sets associated with beam management procedures, or the number of SRS resource sets indicated by the MAC-CE.

[0124] At 925, UE 115-b may use transmit power based on adjusted path loss to transmit one or more second additional network entities 105 (such as UE 115-b) each associated with at least one of a plurality of TCI states. Transmission may involve each of the plurality of SRSs using transmit power, the plurality of SRSs including a corresponding SRS for each of the plurality of TCI states. Transmitting each of the plurality of SRSs using transmit power may be based on path loss adjustments applicable to each of the plurality of TCI states indicated by MAC-CE. Transmitting each of the plurality of SRSs using transmit power may be based on the absence of an indication of the plurality of TCI states in MAC-CE. Using transmit power to transmit each of the multiple SRSs can be based on the corresponding SRS resource in the SRS resource set for each of the multiple SRSs, the path loss adjustment indicated by MAC-CE applies to the SRS resource in the SRS resource set corresponding to the lowest SRS resource identifier, and the corresponding path loss adjustment for each other SRS resource in the SRS resource set is based on the path loss adjustment for the SRS resource corresponding to the lowest SRS resource identifier.

[0125] In some examples, UE 115-b may be restricted to uplink communication with one or more second additional network entities 105 (such as network entity 105-d), and UE 115-b may transmit one or more SRSs using transmit power based on adjusted path loss, based on the restriction of UE 115-b to uplink communication with one or more second additional network entities 105. The path loss adjustment indicated by MAC-CE may be an offset relative to the downlink path loss, a scaling factor for scaling the downlink path loss, or any combination thereof.

[0126] Figure 10 A block diagram 1000 of a device 1005 supporting path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 1005 may be an example of various aspects of UE 115 as described herein. Device 1005 may include receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, and communication manager 1020. Device 1005 or one or more components of device 1005 (e.g., receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, communication manager 1020) may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to individually or jointly support or implement the described techniques. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0127] Receiver 1010 may provide components for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels associated with path loss adjustment indications for SRS transmission). The information may be passed to other components of device 1005. Receiver 1010 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0128] Transmitter 1015 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 1005. For example, transmitter 1015 may transmit information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels associated with path loss adjustment indications for SRS transmission), such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, transmitter 1015 may be co-located with receiver 1010 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 1015 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0129] The communication manager 1020, receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of components used to perform various aspects of path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1020, receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or various combinations or components thereof may be able to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0130] In some examples, the communication manager 1020, receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of the following: a processor, digital signal processor (DSP), central processing unit (CPU), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic component, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, configured as or otherwise individually or collectively to support components for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled to said at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., instructions stored in at least one memory are executed individually or collectively by one or more processors).

[0131] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1020, receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communication management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor (e.g., referred to as processor executable code). If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functionality of the communication manager 1020, receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or various combinations or components thereof may be executed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise individually or jointly to support components for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0132] In some examples, the communication manager 1020 may be configured to use the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1015, or both, or otherwise cooperate with them to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 1020 may receive information from the receiver 1010, transmit information to the transmitter 1015, or integrate with the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1015, or a combination of both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0133] Communication manager 1020 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, communication manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a downlink reference signal from a first network entity. Communication manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for estimating downlink path loss associated with a downlink reference signal from a first network entity. Communication manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment from a first network entity, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine an adjusted path loss based on the downlink path loss from the first network entity, and wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is associated with an SRS transmission and a set of multiple TCI states. Communication manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting one or more SRSs to one or more second additional network entities, each associated with at least one TCI state in the set of multiple TCI states, using a transmission power based on the adjusted path loss.

[0134] By including or configuring a communication manager 1020 according to an example as described herein, device 1005 (e.g., at least one processor that controls or otherwise couples to receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, communication manager 1020, or a combination thereof) can support techniques for uplink path loss adjustment via MAC-CE for multiple TCI states associated with one or more network entities (e.g., without measuring or knowing the downlink path loss for multiple TCI states associated with one or more network entities).

[0135] Figure 11 A block diagram 1100 of a device 1105 supporting path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 1105 may be an example of aspects of device 1005 or UE 115 as described herein. Device 1105 may include receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, and communication manager 1120. Device 1105, or one or more components of device 1105 (e.g., receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, communication manager 1120), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to support the described techniques. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0136] Receiver 1110 may provide components for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels associated with path loss adjustment indications for SRS transmission). The information may be passed to other components of device 1105. Receiver 1110 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0137] Transmitter 1115 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 1105. For example, transmitter 1115 may transmit information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels associated with path loss adjustment indications for SRS transmission), such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, transmitter 1115 may be co-located with receiver 1110 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 1115 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0138] Device 1105 or its various components may be examples of parts used to perform various aspects of path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission as described herein. For example, communication manager 1120 may include downlink reference signal manager 1125, downlink path loss manager 1130, MAC-CE receiver manager 1135, SRS transmitter manager 1140, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 1120 may be examples of aspects of communication manager 1020 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 1120 or its various components may be configured to use receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or both, or otherwise cooperate with them to perform various operations (e.g., receive, acquire, monitor, output, transmit). For example, communication manager 1120 may receive information from receiver 1110, transmit information to transmitter 1115, or be integrated with receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or a combination thereof to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0139] Communication manager 1120 can support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. Downlink reference signal manager 1125 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a downlink reference signal from a first network entity. Downlink path loss manager 1130 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for estimating downlink path loss associated with a downlink reference signal from the first network entity. MAC-CE receive manager 1135 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment from the first network entity, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine an adjusted path loss based on the downlink path loss from the first network entity, and wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is associated with an SRS transmission and a set of multiple TCI states. SRS transmission manager 1140 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting one or more SRSs to one or more second additional network entities, each associated with at least one TCI state in the set of multiple TCI states, using a transmission power based on the adjusted path loss.

[0140] Figure 12A block diagram 1200 is shown of a communication manager 1220 supporting path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. Communication manager 1220 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 1020, communication manager 1120, or both as described herein. Communication manager 1220 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission as described herein. For example, communication manager 1220 may include downlink reference signal manager 1225, downlink path loss manager 1230, MAC-CE receiver manager 1235, SRS transmitter manager 1240, control signaling receiver manager 1245, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or its components or sub-components (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0141] Communication manager 1220 can support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. Downlink reference signal manager 1225 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving downlink reference signals from a first network entity. Downlink path loss manager 1230 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for estimating downlink path loss associated with a downlink reference signal from a first network entity. MAC-CE receive manager 1235 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment from a first network entity, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine an adjusted path loss based on the downlink path loss from the first network entity, and wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is associated with an SRS transmission and a set of multiple TCI states. SRS transmission manager 1240 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting one or more SRSs to one or more second additional network entities, each associated with at least one TCI state in the set of multiple TCI states, using a transmission power based on the adjusted path loss.

[0142] In some examples, the control signaling receive manager 1245 is capable of, configured to, or able to operate to support components for receiving additional control signaling from a first network entity, which indicates whether path loss adjustment is enabled for each of a set of multiple TCI states.

[0143] In some examples, MAC-CE includes a set of reserved bits that indicate path loss adjustment.

[0144] In some examples, MAC-CE includes a path loss adjustment presence indicator bit that indicates whether a set of multiple reserved bits indicates path loss adjustment.

[0145] In some examples, MAC-CE includes a path loss adjustment field that indicates path loss adjustment.

[0146] In some examples, MAC-CE also indicates whether a path loss adjustment field exists for applying path loss adjustment.

[0147] In some examples, MAC-CE includes a set of multiple path loss adjustment fields indicating path loss adjustment, each of the multiple path loss adjustment fields corresponding to a corresponding SRS resource or a corresponding TCI state in a set of multiple TCI states.

[0148] In some examples, in order to support the transmission of SRS, the SRS transmission manager 1240 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support components for transmitting each of a set of multiple SRSs using transmission power, the set of multiple SRSs including a corresponding SRS for each of a set of multiple TCI states.

[0149] In some examples, transmit power is used to transmit each SRS in a set of multiple SRSs, and path loss is adjusted based on path loss indicated by MAC-CE for each TCI state in a set of multiple TCI states.

[0150] In some examples, transmit power is used to transmit each SRS in a set of multiple SRS based on the absence of an indication in the MAC-CE of a set of multiple TCI states.

[0151] In some examples, transmit power is used to transmit each SRS in a set of multiple SRSs based on the corresponding SRS resource in the SRS resource set for each SRS in the set of multiple SRSs, path loss adjustment indicated by MAC-CE is applied to the SRS resource in the SRS resource set corresponding to the lowest SRS resource identifier, and the corresponding path loss adjustment for each other SRS resource in the SRS resource set is based on the path loss adjustment for the SRS resource corresponding to the lowest SRS resource identifier.

[0152] In some examples, the MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment includes a MAC-CE for indicating the TCI status for semi-periodic or aperiodic SRS transmission.

[0153] In some examples, the MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment includes a MAC-CE for indicating an update to the path loss reference signal used for SRS transmission.

[0154] In some examples, the MAC-CE is associated with the number of SRS resource sets included within the component carrier, the number of SRS resource sets associated with the beam management process, or the number of SRS resource sets indicated by the MAC-CE.

[0155] In some examples, the number of SRS resource sets is indicated by the SRS resource set field of MAC-CE.

[0156] In some examples, the UE is restricted to uplink communication with one or more second additional network entities. In some examples, one or more SRSs are transmitted using transmit power based on adjusted path loss, based on the UE being restricted to uplink communication with one or more second additional network entities.

[0157] In some examples, the path loss adjustment indicated by MAC-CE includes an offset relative to the downlink path loss or a scaling factor used to scale the downlink path loss.

[0158] Figure 13 A diagram of a system 1300 including device 1305 supporting path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Device 1305 may be an example of device 1005, device 1105, or UE 115 as described herein, or a component including such devices. Device 1305 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more other devices (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115, or a combination thereof). Device 1305 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 1320, an input / output (I / O) controller (e.g., I / O controller 1310), a transceiver 1315, one or more antennas 1325, at least one memory 1330, code 1335, and at least one processor 1340. These components may communicate electronically or otherwise (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1345).

[0159] I / O controller 1310 manages the input and output signals of device 1305. I / O controller 1310 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into device 1305. In some cases, I / O controller 1310 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 1310 may utilize an operating system such as iOS. ® ANDROID ® MS-DOS ® MS-WINDOWS® OS / 2 ® UNIX ® LINUX ® Alternatively, the I / O controller 1310 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, or similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 1310 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as at least one processor 1340. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 1305 via the I / O controller 1310 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1310.

[0160] In some cases, device 1305 may include a single antenna. However, in other cases, device 1305 may have more than one antenna, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. Transceiver 1315 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1325 using a wired or wireless link, as described herein. For example, transceiver 1315 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1315 may also include a modem for: modulating packets; providing the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1325 for transmission; and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 1325. Transceiver 1315, or transceiver 1315 and one or more antennas 1325, may be an example of transmitter 1015, transmitter 1115, receiver 1010, receiver 1110, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0161] At least one memory 1330 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). At least one memory 1330 may store computer-readable code, computer-executable code, or processor-executable code, such as code 1335. Code 1335 may include instructions that, when executed by at least one processor 1340, cause device 1305 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 1335 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 1335 may not be directly executable by at least one processor 1340, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, at least one memory 1330 may include a basic I / O system (BIOS), etc., which controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0162] At least one processor 1340 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices (e.g., one or more general-purpose processors, one or more DSPs, one or more CPUs, one or more graphics processing units (GPUs), one or more neural processing units (NPUs) (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs)), one or more microcontrollers, one or more ASICs, one or more FPGAs, one or more programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic units, one or more discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, at least one processor 1340 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into at least one processor 1340. At least one processor 1340 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., at least one memory 1330) to cause device 1305 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting path loss adjustment indications for SRS transmission). For example, device 1305 or components of device 1305 may include at least one processor 1340 and at least one memory 1330 coupled to or coupled to at least one processor 1340, wherein at least one processor 1340 and at least one memory 1330 are configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0163] In some examples, at least one processor 1340 may include multiple processors, and at least one memory 1330 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled to one or more of the multiple memories, which may be configured individually or collectively to perform the various functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor 1340 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system of machines (such as a series of machines), circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include at least one processor 1340) and memory circuitry (which may include at least one memory 1330)) or components that receive or receive input and process the input to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, at least one processor 1340 or a processing system including at least one processor 1340 may be configured, capable of being configured, or operable to cause device 1305 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Furthermore, as described herein, “configured to,” “capable of being configured to,” and “capable of operating to” are used interchangeably and may be associated with the ability to perform one or more of the functions described herein when executing code 1335 (e.g., processor-executable code) stored in at least one memory 1330 or otherwise.

[0164] Communication manager 1320 may support wireless communications according to examples disclosed herein. For example, communication manager 1320 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a downlink reference signal from a first network entity. Communication manager 1320 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for estimating downlink path loss associated with a downlink reference signal from a first network entity. Communication manager 1320 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment from a first network entity, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine an adjusted path loss based on the downlink path loss from the first network entity, and wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is associated with an SRS transmission and a set of multiple TCI states. Communication manager 1320 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting one or more SRSs to one or more second additional network entities, each associated with at least one TCI state in the set of multiple TCI states, using a transmission power based on the adjusted path loss.

[0165] By including or configuring a communication manager 1320 according to an example as described herein, device 1305 may support techniques for adjusting uplink path loss for multiple TCI states associated with one or more network entities via MAC-CE (e.g., without measuring or knowing downlink path loss for multiple TCI states associated with one or more network entities).

[0166] In some examples, the communication manager 1320 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using a transceiver 1315, one or more antennas 1325, or any combination thereof, or otherwise cooperating with them. For example, the communication manager 1320 may be configured to receive or transmit messages or other signaling as described herein via the transceiver 1315. Although the communication manager 1320 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1320 may be supported or executed by at least one processor 1340, at least one memory 1330, code 1335, or any combination thereof. For example, code 1335 may include instructions that can be executed by at least one processor 1340 to cause device 1305 to perform various aspects of path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission as described herein, or at least one processor 1340 and at least one memory 1330 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations individually or jointly.

[0167] Figure 14A flowchart illustrating a method 1400 for supporting path loss adjustment indication for SRS transmission, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1400 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1400 may be performed by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 13 The UE 115 described herein performs the following: In some examples, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0168] At 1405, the method may include receiving a downlink reference signal from a first network entity. The operation of 1405 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1405 may be determined by reference to... Figure 12 The downlink reference signal manager 1225 described herein is executed. Additionally or alternatively, components for executing 1405 may, but not necessarily include, for example, an antenna 1325, a transceiver 1315, a communications manager 1320, a memory 1330 (including code 1335), a processor 1340, and / or a bus 1345.

[0169] At 1410, the method may include estimating the downlink path loss associated with a downlink reference signal from the first network entity. The operation of 1410 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1410 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 12 The downlink path loss manager 1230 described herein is executed. Additionally or alternatively, components for executing 1410 may, but not necessarily include, for example, an antenna 1325, a transceiver 1315, a communications manager 1320, a memory 1330 (including code 1335), a processor 1340, and / or a bus 1345.

[0170] At 1415, the method may include receiving a MAC-CE indicating a path loss adjustment from a first network entity, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine an adjusted path loss based on downlink path loss from the first network entity, and wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is associated with a set of SRS transmissions and multiple TCI states. The operation of 1415 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1415 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 12 The MAC-CE receiver manager 1235 described herein is executed. Additionally or alternatively, components for executing 1415 may, but not necessarily include, for example, an antenna 1325, a transceiver 1315, a communications manager 1320, a memory 1330 (including code 1335), a processor 1340, and / or a bus 1345.

[0171] At 1420, the method may include transmitting one or more SRSs to one or more second additional network entities, each associated with at least one TCI state in a set of multiple TCI states, using transmit power based on adjusted path loss. Operation of 1420 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1420 may be derived from references... Figure 12 The described SRS transmit manager 1240 is executed. Additionally or alternatively, components for executing 1420 may, but not necessarily include, for example, an antenna 1325, a transceiver 1315, a communications manager 1320, a memory 1330 (including code 1335), a processor 1340, and / or a bus 1345.

[0172] The following provides an overview of the various aspects of this disclosure: Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a UE, the method comprising: receiving a downlink reference signal from a first network entity; estimating a downlink path loss associated with the downlink reference signal from the first network entity; receiving a MAC-CE indicating path loss adjustment from the first network entity, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine an adjusted path loss based at least in part on the downlink path loss from the first network entity, and wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is associated with SRS transmission and a plurality of TCI states; and transmitting one or more SRSs to one or more second additional network entities, each associated with at least one of the plurality of TCI states, using a transmission power at least in part based on the adjusted path loss.

[0173] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, the method further includes: receiving additional control signaling from the first network entity, the additional control signaling indicating whether path loss adjustment is enabled for each of the plurality of TCI states.

[0174] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 2, wherein the MAC-CE includes a plurality of reserved bits indicating the path loss adjustment.

[0175] Aspect 4: According to the method of aspect 3, wherein the MAC-CE includes a path loss adjustment presence indicator bit, the path loss adjustment presence indicator bit indicating whether the plurality of reserved bits indicate the path loss adjustment.

[0176] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein the MAC-CE includes a path loss adjustment field indicating the path loss adjustment.

[0177] Aspect 6: According to the method of aspect 5, wherein the MAC-CE further indicates whether a path loss adjustment field is present for applying the path loss adjustment.

[0178] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein the MAC-CE includes a plurality of path loss adjustment fields indicating path loss adjustment, each of the plurality of path loss adjustment fields corresponding to a corresponding SRS resource or a corresponding TCI state among the plurality of TCI states.

[0179] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7, wherein transmitting the SRS comprises: using the transmit power to transmit each of a plurality of SRSs, the plurality of SRSs including a corresponding SRS for each of the plurality of TCI states.

[0180] Aspect 9: The method according to aspect 8, wherein the transmission power is used to transmit each of the plurality of SRSs at least in part based on the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE for each of the plurality of TCI states.

[0181] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of Aspects 8 to 9, wherein the transmission power is used to transmit each of the plurality of SRSs based at least in part on the absence of an indication of the plurality of TCI states in the MAC-CE.

[0182] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of Aspects 8 to 10, wherein the transmission power is used to transmit each of the plurality of SRSs at least in part based on the corresponding SRS resource in the SRS resource set for each of the plurality of SRSs, the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is applied to the SRS resource in the SRS resource set corresponding to the lowest SRS resource identifier, and the corresponding path loss adjustment for each other SRS resource in the SRS resource set is at least in part based on the path loss adjustment for the SRS resource corresponding to the lowest SRS resource identifier.

[0183] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 11, wherein the MAC-CE indicating the path loss adjustment includes a MAC-CE for indicating the TCI status for SP or AP SRS transmission.

[0184] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 12, wherein the MAC-CE indicating the path loss adjustment includes a MAC-CE for indicating an update to the path loss reference signal for SRS transmission.

[0185] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 13, wherein the MAC-CE is associated with the number of SRS resource sets included in the component carrier, the number of SRS resource sets associated with the beam management process, or the number of SRS resource sets indicated by the MAC-CE.

[0186] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 15, wherein the UE is restricted to uplink communication with the one or more second additional network entities, and the one or more SRS are transmitted using the transmit power based at least in part on the adjusted path loss, based at least in part on the UE being restricted to uplink communication with the one or more second additional network entities.

[0187] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 16, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE includes an offset relative to the downlink path loss or a scaling factor for scaling the downlink path loss.

[0188] Aspect 17: A UE for wireless communication, the UE comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; a transceiver; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and the transceiver, the one or more processors being operable individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the UE to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 16.

[0189] Aspect 18: A UE for wireless communication, the UE including at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 16.

[0190] Aspect 19: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 16.

[0191] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible specific implementations. These operations and steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other specific implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more of these methods can be combined.

[0192] While aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for illustrative purposes, and the terms LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR may be used in most of the description, the techniques described herein are also applicable to networks outside of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described are applicable to a variety of other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0193] The information and signals described herein can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and skills. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0194] The various exemplary blocks and components described herein can be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, graphics processing unit (GPU), neural processing unit (NPU), FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic unit, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in alternatives, a processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors cooperating with a DSP core, or any other such configuration). Any function or operation described herein that can be performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors capable of performing the described function or operation individually or jointly.

[0195] The functions described herein can be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium or transmitted using one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and specific implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination of these. Features implementing the functions can also be physically located in various locations, including various portions distributed such that the functions are implemented in different physical locations.

[0196] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, encompassing any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. Non-transitory storage media can be any available medium accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compressed optical disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage devices, magnetic disk storage devices or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code components in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Furthermore, any connection is appropriately referred to as computer-readable media. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included within the definition of computer-readable media. As used herein, disks and optical discs include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital multifunction discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs. A disk can magnetically reproduce data, and an optical disc can optically reproduce data using a laser. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any function or operation described herein that can be performed by memory can be performed by multiple memories capable of performing the described function or operation individually or jointly.

[0197] As used herein, the word "or" in a list of items (e.g., a list of items accompanied by phrases such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") in the claims indicates an inclusive list, such that a list of at least one of, for example, A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" could be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "at least partially based on".

[0198] As used herein, including in claims, the article “a” preceding a noun is open-ended and is understood to refer to “at least one” or “one or more” of those nouns. Therefore, the terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” and “at least one of one or more” are interchangeable. For example, where a claim enumerates “components” performing one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “component” having a characteristic or performing a function may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent references to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “the” can refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” can be understood to mean “one or more components,” and subsequent reference to “the component” in a claim can be understood as equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components.” Similarly, subsequent references to a component introduced with the terms “the” or “the” as “one or more components” can refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, reference to "the one or more components" in the subsequent claims can be understood as equivalent to reference to "at least one of the one or more components".

[0199] The term "determine" encompasses a variety of actions, and therefore, "determine" can include calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, searching (such as by searching in a table, database, or other data structure), ascertainment, etc. Furthermore, "determine" can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory), etc. Moreover, "determine" can include parsing, obtaining, selecting, choosing, creating, and other similar actions.

[0200] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference numerals. Furthermore, various components of the same type can be distinguished by adding a dash after the reference numerals and a second reference numeral for differentiation between similar components. If only the first reference numeral is used in the description, the description applies to any one of the similar components having the same first reference numeral, regardless of the second or other subsequent reference numerals.

[0201] The description herein, illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes an example configuration and does not represent all achievable examples or those within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," not "preferred" or "advantageous over other examples." The detailed description includes specific details used to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques can be practiced without these specific details. In some of the drawings, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concept of the described examples.

[0202] The description herein is provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be granted the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A user equipment (UE), the user equipment (UE) comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-executable code; transceiver; and One or more processors, coupled to one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the UE: Receive downlink reference signals from the first network entity via the transceiver; Estimate the downlink path loss associated with the downlink reference signal from the first network entity; The transceiver receives a Medium Access Control (MAC-CE) element indicating path loss adjustment from the first network entity, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine the adjusted path loss based at least in part on the downlink path loss from the first network entity, and wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is associated with a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) transmission and multiple Transmit Configuration Indicators (TCI) states; and Using transmission power at least in part based on the adjusted path loss, one or more SRSs are transmitted via the transceiver to one or more second additional network entities, each associated with at least one of the plurality of TCI states.

2. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the UE to: Additional control signaling is received from the first network entity via the transceiver, the additional control signaling indicating whether path loss adjustment is enabled for each of the plurality of TCI states.

3. The UE of claim 1, wherein the MAC-CE includes a plurality of reserved bits indicating the path loss adjustment.

4. The UE of claim 3, wherein the MAC-CE includes a path loss adjustment presence indicator bit, the path loss adjustment presence indicator bit indicating whether the plurality of reserved bits indicate the path loss adjustment.

5. The UE of claim 1, wherein the MAC-CE includes a path loss adjustment field indicating the path loss adjustment.

6. The UE of claim 5, wherein the MAC-CE further indicates whether the path loss adjustment field for applying the path loss adjustment exists.

7. The UE of claim 1, wherein the MAC-CE includes a plurality of path loss adjustment fields indicating path loss adjustment, each of the plurality of path loss adjustment fields corresponding to a corresponding SRS resource or a corresponding TCI state among the plurality of TCI states.

8. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, In order to transmit the SRS, the one or more processors can operate individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the UE to: Using the transmit power, each of a plurality of SRSs is transmitted via the transceiver, the plurality of SRSs including a corresponding SRS for each of the plurality of TCI states.

9. The UE of claim 8, wherein the one or more processors are capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the UE to: adjust the path loss based at least in part on each of the plurality of TCI states based on the path loss indicated by the MAC-CE, and transmit each of the plurality of SRSs using the transmit power.

10. The UE of claim 8, wherein the one or more processors are capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code such that the UE: at least in part transmits each of the plurality of SRSs using the transmit power based on the absence of an indication of the plurality of TCI states in the MAC-CE.

11. The UE of claim 8, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly capable of operating to execute the code such that the UE: transmits each of the plurality of SRSs using the transmit power based at least in part on: each of the plurality of SRSs using a corresponding SRS resource in the SRS resource set; the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE being applied to the SRS resource corresponding to the lowest SRS resource identifier within the SRS resource set; and the corresponding path loss adjustment for each other SRS resource within the SRS resource set being based at least in part on the path loss adjustment for the SRS resource corresponding to the lowest SRS resource identifier.

12. The UE of claim 1, wherein the MAC-CE indicating the path loss adjustment includes a MAC-CE for indicating the TCI state for semi-periodic or aperiodic SRS transmission.

13. The UE of claim 1, wherein the MAC-CE indicating the path loss adjustment includes a MAC-CE for indicating an update to the path loss reference signal for SRS transmission.

14. The UE of claim 1, wherein the MAC-CE is associated with the number of SRS resource sets included in the component carrier, the number of SRS resource sets associated with the beam management procedure, or the number of SRS resource sets indicated by the MAC-CE.

15. The UE according to claim 1, wherein: The UE is restricted to uplink communication with the one or more second additional network entities, and The one or more processors are capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code so that the UE: at least in part, based on the fact that the UE is restricted to uplink communication with the one or more second additional network entities, transmits the one or more SRS using the transmit power at least in part based on the adjusted path loss.

16. The UE of claim 1, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE includes an offset relative to the downlink path loss or a scaling factor for scaling the downlink path loss.

17. A method for conducting wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: Receive downlink reference signals from the first network entity; Estimate the downlink path loss associated with the downlink reference signal from the first network entity; Receive a Medium Access Control (MAC-CE) element indicating path loss adjustment from the first network entity, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine the adjusted path loss based at least in part on the downlink path loss from the first network entity, and wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is associated with a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) transmission and multiple Transmit Configuration Indicators (TCI) states; and One or more SRSs are transmitted to one or more second additional network entities, each associated with at least one of the plurality of TCI states, using transmission power at least in part based on the adjusted path loss.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the MAC-CE includes a plurality of reserved bits indicating the path loss adjustment.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein the MAC-CE includes a path loss adjustment field indicating the path loss adjustment.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to: Receive downlink reference signals from the first network entity; Estimate the downlink path loss associated with the downlink reference signal from the first network entity; Receive a Medium Access Control (MAC-CE) element indicating path loss adjustment from the first network entity, wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is used to determine the adjusted path loss based at least in part on the downlink path loss from the first network entity, and wherein the path loss adjustment indicated by the MAC-CE is associated with a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) transmission and multiple Transmit Configuration Indicators (TCI) states; and One or more SRSs are transmitted to one or more second additional network entities, each associated with at least one of the plurality of TCI states, using transmission power at least in part based on the adjusted path loss.

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