Perception information indicates

Abstract

Exemplary embodiments relate to methods, apparatus, non-transitory computer- readable media, and chips related to perception information indication, and in particular, event-triggered perception information indication. In one example method, a first device sends a trigger for requesting perception information associated with a perception target of the first device. The first device receives the perception information based on sending the trigger. In this way, an environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient manner, computational complexity and power consumption at a device can be reduced, and transmission overhead for perception information exchange can also be greatly reduced.

Description

Cross-reference to related applications

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 631,036, filed April 8, 2024, entitled “A method and apparatus for event-triggered sensing information indication,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure generally relate to the field of communications, and more particularly to methods, apparatus, non-transitory computer-readable media, and chips relating to the indication of sensing information, especially to the indication of sensing information triggered by events. Background Technology

[0003] User equipment (UE) location information is commonly used in cellular communication networks to improve various network performance metrics. Such performance metrics may include, for example, capacity, agility, and efficiency. This improvement is achieved when network components utilize the UE's location, behavior, mobility patterns, etc., within the context of prior information describing the radio environment in which the UE operates.

[0004] A sensing system can be used to help collect UE attitude information, including the UE's position in the global coordinate system, the UE's speed and direction of movement in the global coordinate system, orientation information, and information about the wireless environment. Sensing and communication integration (which can be used interchangeably with "communication and sensing integration," "joint sensing and communication," "integrated system," "sensing-based communication," "cooperative sensing and communication," or other similar names) describes a sensing-assisted communication system and is an ideal feature in existing and future communication systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In general, exemplary embodiments of this disclosure provide a scheme for indicating perception information, and more particularly for indicating perception information triggered by events.

[0006] It should be understood that the summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Other features of this disclosure will become readily apparent from the following description.

[0007] In a first aspect, a method implemented at a first device is provided. In this method, the first device sends a trigger for requesting sensing information associated with a sensing target of the first device. The first device receives the sensing information based on sending the trigger. In this manner, the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient way, the computational complexity and power consumption at the device can be reduced, and the transmission overhead for exchanging sensing information can be significantly reduced.

[0008] In some embodiments, the trigger is sent based on one or more events associated with one or more geometries representing the perceived target. In this way, on-demand sensing information indication can be better supported, and the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient manner.

[0009] In some embodiments, one of the one or more events includes one of the following: the first device enters a first region where a representation of the sensed target based on the one or more geometries is supported; the first device enters a second region where a representation of the sensed target based on the one or more geometries supported or preferred by the first device is supported; or a first or more geometries representing the sensed target of the first device are inaccurate prior to sending the trigger. In this way, the trigger for requesting sensed information can be triggered in various events, thereby better supporting on-demand sensed information indication.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first one or more geometries are inaccurate when the difference between the original communication parameters of the first device and the communication parameters obtained based on the first one or more geometries exceeds a threshold. In this way, inaccurate geometry representing the environment can be determined efficiently, and on-demand sensing information indications can be better supported.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first one or more geometries are inaccurate under one or more of the following conditions: the first one or more geometries are outdated; or the first one or more geometries are out of range. In this way, inaccurate geometry representing the environment can be determined efficiently, and on-demand awareness information indications can be better supported.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first one or more geometries become obsolete under one of the following conditions: a single timer for the validity of the first one or more geometries expires; one or more timers for the validity of the first one or more geometries expire respectively; or one of the one or more timers expires. In this way, obsolescence of geometries representing the environment can be determined efficiently, and on-demand awareness information indications can be better supported.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first one or more geometries are out of range under one of the following conditions: the distance between the first device and a single geometry is greater than a single distance threshold, and the first one or more geometries includes the single geometry; all distances between the first device and multiple geometries are greater than a single distance threshold, and the first one or more geometries include the multiple geometries; each of the multiple distances is greater than a corresponding distance threshold among multiple distance thresholds for the first one or more geometries; or one of the multiple distances is greater than a corresponding distance threshold among the multiple distance thresholds. In this way, out-of-range geometries representing the environment can be determined efficiently, and on-demand sensing information indications can be better supported.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first device receives one or more sets of event triggering parameters, one set of which is associated with an event among the one or more events used to send the trigger. In this way, information or parameters related to event triggering can be configured, thereby better supporting on-demand awareness information indication.

[0015] In some embodiments, the set of event triggering parameters includes one or more of the following: the type of the event among the one or more events; or one or more parameters associated with the event among the one or more events. In this way, the type of event or some parameters can be configured, thereby better supporting on-demand awareness information indication.

[0016] In some embodiments, the one or more parameters associated with the event in one or more of the events include one or more of the following: a relationship between one or more regions and a set or more sets of geometries, wherein a set of geometries in one of the set or more sets of geometries is supported in one of the one or more regions; an indication that a representation of the sensing target based on the one or more geometries is supported; at least one threshold for determining whether the event in one or more of the events has occurred; information of at least one timer for determining the validity of a first or more geometries representing the sensing target of the first device; or at least one threshold for determining whether the first or more geometries are out of range. In this way, the conditions for the occurrence of the event can be determined based on configured information, thereby triggering the request for sensing information in various events, and the computational complexity and power consumption at the device and the transmission overhead for exchanging sensing information can be significantly reduced.

[0017] In some embodiments, the trigger includes one or more of the following: at least one type of one or more geometries preferred or supported by the first device; a maximum number of geometries representing a type of geometry of the perceived target; and an indication of an area that the first device has entered. In this way, the trigger is not merely a request, but can also indicate the type of geometry and the maximum number of geometries to the device requesting the perception information, allowing the environment / object to be described effectively and better supporting on-demand perception information indication.

[0018] In some embodiments, the trigger includes one or more of the following: the difference between the original communication parameters of the first device and the communication parameters obtained based on the first one or more geometries; or one or more distances, wherein one of the one or more distances is the distance between the first device and one of the first one or more geometries used to represent the sensing target. In this way, when updated sensing information is requested, the updated environment can be described in a simplified and efficient manner.

[0019] In some embodiments, the communication parameters include: channel information; or beam direction. In this way, the sensing information can be requested at an appropriate time, and the environment can be described in a simplified and efficient manner.

[0020] In some embodiments, the sensing information includes: first information indicating a set of geometric shapes having a type representing the sensing target; or second information indicating multiple sets of geometric shapes representing the sensing target, wherein the multiple sets of geometric shapes are associated with multiple types of geometric shapes respectively. In this way, the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient manner, the computational complexity and power consumption at the device can be reduced, and the transmission overhead for exchanging sensing information can be significantly reduced.

[0021] In some embodiments, the second information also indicates one or more of the following: the type of the plurality of geometries; or the respective number of geometries in the plurality of sets of geometries. In this way, the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient manner, and the computational complexity and power consumption at the device, as well as the transmission overhead for exchanging sensing information, can be significantly reduced.

[0022] In some embodiments, the perceived information indicates third information, which is used to update at least a portion of the first or more geometries to obtain a second or more geometries. In this way, the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient manner, and the transmission overhead for exchanging perceived information can be significantly reduced.

[0023] In some embodiments, the third information indicates one or more of the following: adding at least one geometry in addition to the first one or more geometries; removing at least one geometry from the first one or more geometries; or translating at least one of the first one or more geometries. In this way, the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient manner, and the transmission overhead for exchanging perception information can be significantly reduced.

[0024] In some embodiments, the third information indicates a translation of the at least one geometry by instructing one or more of the following: a translation vector for shifting the first one or more geometries to obtain the second one or more geometries; a first plurality of translation vectors for shifting the first one or more geometries to obtain the second one or more geometries respectively; and a second plurality of translation vectors for shifting at least one of the first one or more geometries to obtain the second one or more geometries. In this way, the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient manner, and the transmission overhead for exchanging perception information can be significantly reduced.

[0025] In some embodiments, the one or more geometries include one or more of the following: a circle, indicated by its center point and radius; a circle, indicated by its center point, radius, and normal vector; a square, indicated by its center point and side length; a square, indicated by its center point, side length, and normal vector; a square or rectangle, indicated by four points or vertices; a square or rectangle, indicated by one vertex and two direction vectors; a polygon, indicated by a set of points or vertices; a sphere, indicated by its center point and radius; or a cube, indicated by eight points or vertices. In this way, various geometries can be used to represent the environment / objects, and the transmission overhead for perceptual information exchange is significantly reduced.

[0026] In a second aspect, a method implemented at a second device is provided. In this method, the second device receives a trigger for requesting sensing information associated with a sensing target of a first device; and sends the sensing information based on the received trigger. In this manner, the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient way, the computational complexity and power consumption at the device can be reduced, and the transmission overhead for exchanging sensing information can be significantly reduced.

[0027] In some embodiments, the trigger is received based on one or more events associated with one or more geometries representing the perceived target. In this way, on-demand sensing information indication can be better supported, and the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient manner.

[0028] In some embodiments, one of the one or more events includes one of the following: the first device enters a first region where a representation of the perceived target based on the one or more geometries is supported; the first device enters a second region where a representation of the perceived target based on the one or more geometries supported or preferred by the first device is supported; or a first or more geometries representing the perceived target of the first device are inaccurate prior to sending the trigger. In this way, the trigger for requesting sensing information can be triggered in various events, thereby better supporting on-demand sensing information indication.

[0029] In some embodiments, the first one or more geometries are inaccurate when the difference between the original communication parameters of the first device and the communication parameters obtained based on the first one or more geometries exceeds a threshold. In this way, inaccurate geometry representing the environment can be determined efficiently, and on-demand sensing information indications can be better supported.

[0030] In some embodiments, the first one or more geometries are inaccurate under one or more of the following conditions: the first one or more geometries are outdated; or the first one or more geometries are out of range. In this way, inaccurate geometry representing the environment can be determined efficiently, and on-demand awareness information indications can be better supported.

[0031] In some embodiments, the first one or more geometries become obsolete under one of the following conditions: a single timer for the validity of the first one or more geometries expires; one or more timers for the validity of the first one or more geometries expire respectively; or one of the one or more timers expires. In this way, obsolescence of geometries representing the environment can be determined efficiently, and on-demand awareness information indications can be better supported.

[0032] In some embodiments, the first one or more geometries are out of range under one of the following conditions: the distance between the first device and a single geometry is greater than a single distance threshold, wherein the first one or more geometries includes the single geometry; all distances between the first device and multiple geometries are greater than a single distance threshold, wherein the first one or more geometries include the multiple geometries; each of the multiple distances is greater than a corresponding distance threshold among multiple distance thresholds for the first one or more geometries; or one of the multiple distances is greater than a corresponding distance threshold among the multiple distance thresholds. In this way, out-of-range geometries representing the environment can be determined efficiently, and on-demand sensing information indications can be better supported.

[0033] In some embodiments, the second device sends one or more sets of event triggering parameters, one set of which is associated with an event among the one or more events used to send the trigger. In this way, information or parameters related to event triggering can be configured, thereby better supporting on-demand awareness information indication.

[0034] In some embodiments, the set of event triggering parameters includes one or more of the following: the type of the event among the one or more events; or one or more parameters associated with the event among the one or more events. In this way, the type of event or some parameters can be configured, thereby better supporting on-demand awareness information indication.

[0035] In some embodiments, the one or more parameters include one or more of the following: a relationship between one or more regions and a set or more sets of geometries, wherein a set of geometries is supported in one of the one or more regions; an indication supporting the representation of the sensing target based on the one or more geometries; at least one threshold for determining whether the event has occurred in the one or more events; information on at least one timer for determining the validity of a first or more geometries representing the sensing target of the first device; or at least one threshold for determining whether the first or more geometries are out of range. In this way, the conditions for the event to occur can be determined based on configured information, thereby triggering the request for sensing information in various events, and significantly reducing the computational complexity and power consumption at the device and the transmission overhead for exchanging sensing information.

[0036] In some embodiments, the trigger includes one or more of the following: at least one type of one or more geometries preferred or supported by the first device; a maximum number of geometries representing a type of geometry of the perceived target; and an indication of an area that the first device has entered. In this way, the trigger is not merely a request, but can also indicate the type of geometry and the maximum number of geometries to the device requesting the perception information, allowing the environment / object to be described effectively and better supporting on-demand perception information indication.

[0037] In some embodiments, the trigger includes one or more of the following: the difference between the original communication parameters of the first device and the communication parameters obtained based on the first one or more geometries; or one or more distances, wherein one of the one or more distances is the distance between the first device and one of the first one or more geometries used to represent the sensing target. In this way, when updated sensing information is requested, the updated environment can be described in a simplified and efficient manner.

[0038] In some embodiments, the communication parameters include: channel information; or beam direction. In this way, the sensing information can be requested at an appropriate time, and the environment can be described in a simplified and efficient manner.

[0039] In some embodiments, the sensing information includes: first information indicating a set of geometric shapes having a type representing the sensing target; or second information indicating multiple sets of geometric shapes representing the sensing target, wherein the multiple sets of geometric shapes are associated with multiple types of geometric shapes respectively. In this way, the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient manner, the computational complexity and power consumption at the device can be reduced, and the transmission overhead for exchanging sensing information can be significantly reduced.

[0040] In some embodiments, the second information also indicates one or more of the following: the type of the plurality of geometries; or the respective number of geometries in the plurality of sets of geometries. In this way, the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient manner, and the computational complexity and power consumption at the device, as well as the transmission overhead for exchanging sensing information, can be significantly reduced.

[0041] In some embodiments, the perceived information indicates third information, which is used to update at least a portion of the first or more geometries to obtain a second or more geometries. In this way, the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient manner, and the transmission overhead for exchanging perceived information can be significantly reduced.

[0042] In some embodiments, the third information indicates one or more of the following: adding at least one geometry in addition to the first one or more geometries; removing at least one geometry from the first one or more geometries; or translating at least one of the first one or more geometries. In this way, the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient manner, and the transmission overhead for exchanging perception information can be significantly reduced.

[0043] In some embodiments, the third information indicates a translation of the at least one geometry by instructing one or more of the following: a translation vector for shifting the first one or more geometries to obtain the second one or more geometries; a first plurality of translation vectors for shifting the first one or more geometries to obtain the second one or more geometries respectively; and a second plurality of translation vectors for shifting at least one of the first one or more geometries to obtain the second one or more geometries. In this way, the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient manner, and the transmission overhead for exchanging perception information can be significantly reduced.

[0044] In some embodiments, the one or more geometries include one or more of the following: a circle, indicated by its center point and radius; a circle, indicated by its center point, radius, and normal vector; a square, indicated by its center point and side length; a square, indicated by its center point, side length, and normal vector; a square or rectangle, indicated by four points or vertices; a square or rectangle, indicated by one vertex and two direction vectors; a polygon, indicated by a set of points or vertices; a sphere, indicated by its center point and radius; or a cube, indicated by eight points or vertices. In this way, various geometries can be used to represent the environment / objects, and the transmission overhead for perceptual information exchange is significantly reduced.

[0045] In a third aspect, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes one or more processors. The one or more processors are configured to: send a trigger for requesting sensing information associated with a sensing target of a first device; and receive the sensing information based on sending the trigger. In this manner, the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient way, the computational complexity and power consumption at the device can be reduced, and the transmission overhead for exchanging sensing information can be significantly reduced.

[0046] In a fourth aspect, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes one or more processors. The one or more processors are configured to: receive a trigger for requesting sensing information associated with a sensing target of a first device; and transmit the sensing information based on the received trigger. In this manner, the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient way, the computational complexity and power consumption at the device can be reduced, and the transmission overhead for exchanging sensing information can be significantly reduced.

[0047] In a fifth aspect, a system is provided. The system includes the apparatus according to the first aspect and / or the apparatus according to the second aspect. In this way, the environment / object can be described in a simplified and efficient manner, the computational complexity and power consumption at the device can be reduced, and the transmission overhead for exchanging sensing information can be significantly reduced.

[0048] In a sixth aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium is provided having instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause a device to perform the method according to any one of the first and second aspects.

[0049] In a seventh aspect, a chip is provided, the chip including at least one processing circuit for performing the method according to any one of the first and second aspects.

[0050] In an eighth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which is tangibly stored on a computer-readable medium and includes computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause a device to perform the method according to any one of the first and second aspects. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Some exemplary embodiments will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0052] Figure 1A Example environments in which some embodiments of this disclosure may be implemented are shown;

[0053] Figure 1B Example communication systems in which some embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented are shown;

[0054] Figure 1C Examples of electronic devices (EDs) and base stations in some embodiments of this disclosure are shown;

[0055] Figure 1D An exemplary block diagram of an apparatus according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0056] Figure 1E Examples of units or modules in a device to which some embodiments of this disclosure may be applied are shown;

[0057] Figure 1F An example of point cloud representation of two buildings is shown;

[0058] Figure 1G An example of a grid representation of two buildings is shown;

[0059] Figure 1H An exemplary environment for sensing indication is shown;

[0060] Figure 1I Examples of current UE-related local environment information according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown;

[0061] Figure 2 Example processes according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown;

[0062] Figure 3A Example flows are shown according to some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0063] Figure 3B Another example flow is shown according to some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0064] Figures 4A to 4FExamples of representing perceived information using a type of geometry, according to some embodiments of this disclosure, are shown;

[0065] Figure 5A Examples of geographic regions containing geometric shapes according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown;

[0066] Figure 5B Examples of geometry representing an environment according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown;

[0067] Figure 6 Examples of current geometry being outdated in representations of an environment according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown;

[0068] Figure 7A Example flows are shown according to some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0069] Figure 7B Another example flow is shown according to some embodiments of this disclosure;

[0070] Figure 8 A flowchart of an exemplary method implemented at a first device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0071] Figure 9 A flowchart is shown illustrating an exemplary method implemented at a second device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0072] Figure 10 A block diagram of an apparatus that can be used to implement some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0073] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of an apparatus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0074] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of an apparatus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0075] In the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements. Detailed Implementation

[0076] The principles of this disclosure will now be described in conjunction with some exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are described in order to illustrate and assist those skilled in the art in understanding and implementing this disclosure, and not to impose any limitation on the scope of this disclosure. The embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be implemented in various ways other than those described below.

[0077] In the following description and claims, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0078] References to "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "an exemplary embodiment," etc., in this disclosure indicate that the described embodiment may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment must include that particular feature, structure, or characteristic. The term "another embodiment" should be understood as "at least one other embodiment." Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is understood that those skilled in the art will recognize how such features, structures, or characteristics can be combined with other embodiments to achieve the desired result, whether explicitly described or not.

[0079] It should be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments, a first element may be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element may be referred to as a first element. The term “and / or” as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed items. Other explicit and implicit definitions may be included below.

[0080] The terminology used herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a” and “described” as used herein include the plural meaning. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising” and / or “having” as used herein specify the presence of the stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0081] In the following description and claims, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0082] As used herein, the term "terminal device" refers to a terminal equipment or a module / chip within such a terminal equipment. A terminal equipment can refer to any device with wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of terminal devices include, but are not limited to: user equipment (UE), personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptops, tablets, wearable devices, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, Ultra-reliable and Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) devices, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices, machine-type communication (MTC) devices, vehicular equipment for V2X communication (where X represents pedestrians, vehicles, or infrastructure / network), integrated access and backhaul (IAB), small data transmission (SDT), mobility, multicast and broadcast services (MBS), positioning, dynamic / flexible duplex in commercial networks, reduced capability (RedCap) devices, and high-altitude platforms including satellites and unmanned aircraft systems (UAS). Spacecraft or aircraft in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) of a platform (HAP), including extended reality (XR) devices that include different types of reality (e.g., augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), and virtual reality (VR)), unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) commonly referred to as drones (which are aircraft without human pilots), devices on high-speed trains (HSTs), or image capture devices (e.g., digital cameras, sensors, gaming devices, music storage and playback devices, or internet devices that enable wireless or wired internet access and browsing), etc."Terminal equipment" can also have "multicast / broadcast" features to support public safety and mission-critical applications, V2X applications, transparent IPv4 / IPv6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TVs, wireless services, software delivery over wireless means, group communications, and IoT applications. Terminal equipment can also incorporate one or more Subscriber Identity Modules (SIMs), referred to as Multi-SIM. The term "terminal equipment" is used interchangeably with UE, mobile station, user station, mobile terminal, user terminal, wireless equipment, or reduced-capability terminal equipment.

[0083] The devices used in this document other than terminal devices (e.g., servers, network functions, devices as part of the data plane / control plane of the core network, or radio access network (RAN) nodes, etc.) may be referred to as network devices. A network device can be a network equipment or a module / chip of the aforementioned network equipment. The term "network equipment" refers to a device capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage area in which terminal equipment can communicate. Examples of network equipment include, but are not limited to: Node B (NodeB or NB), evolved Node B (eNodeB or eNB), next-generation Node B (gNB), transmission reception point (TRP), remote radio unit (RRU), radio head (RH), remote radiohead (RRH), IAB node, low-power node (e.g., femtonode, piconode), reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), network control repeater, etc. In some other embodiments, the term "network device" may refer to a device on the core network side. For example, a network device may be a core network side entity / component, such as a network function in the control plane or a network function in the data plane. In other embodiments, the term "network device" may refer to a device in the data network. For example, a network device may be a data network side entity / component, such as a network server or an application server.

[0084] Terminal or network devices can possess artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning capabilities. This typically includes a model trained on a specific function from a large amount of collected data and used to predict information. For example, a terminal or network device can operate within several frequency ranges, such as FR1 (410 MHz to 7125 MHz), FR2 (24.25 GHz to 71 GHz), 71 GHz to 114 GHz, bands above 100 GHz, and terahertz (THz). It can also operate on licensed / unlicensed / shared spectrum. In multi-radio dual connectivity (MR-DC) applications, the terminal and network devices can have more than one connection. The terminal or network device can operate in full-duplex, flexible-duplex, and cross-duplex modes.

[0085] Network devices can have network energy saving and self-organizing network (SON) / minimization of drive test (MDT) functions. Terminals can have power saving functions.

[0086] The embodiments of this disclosure can be executed in test equipment (e.g., signal generator, signal analyzer, spectrum analyzer, network analyzer, test terminal equipment, test network equipment, channel simulator).

[0087] Embodiments of this disclosure can be performed based on any generation of communication protocols currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of communication protocols include, but are not limited to: fourth generation (4G), 4.5G, fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) networks, Ultra Wideband (UWB) networks, future networks, or future communication networks.

[0088] In some examples, values, processes, or devices are referred to as “best,” “lowest,” “highest,” “smallest,” “maximum,” etc. It should be understood that such descriptions are intended to indicate that there are many functional alternatives that can be chosen, and that such a choice is not necessarily better, smaller, higher, or more preferred than other choices.

[0089] As used herein, the term "circuit system" can refer to hardware circuitry and / or a combination of hardware circuitry and software. For example, a circuit can be a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuitry with software / firmware. As another example, a circuit can be any part of a hardware processor with software, including one or more digital signal processors, software, and one or more memories, which work together to enable devices such as terminal devices or network devices to perform various functions. In yet another example, a circuit can be hardware circuitry and / or a processor, such as a microprocessor or a portion thereof, whose operation requires software / firmware, but may be absent when operation does not require software. As used herein, the term "circuit" also encompasses hardware circuitry alone, or one or more processors, or hardware circuitry or a portion thereof, and implementations thereof with accompanying software and / or firmware.

[0090] In cellular communication networks, user equipment (UE) location information is commonly used to improve various network performance metrics. These metrics may include, for example, capacity, agility, and efficiency. This improvement is achieved when network components utilize the UE's location, behavior, mobility patterns, etc., within the context of prior information describing the radio environment in which the UE operates.

[0091] Sensing systems can be used to help collect UE pose information, including the UE's position in the global coordinate system, its speed and direction of movement in the global coordinate system, orientation information, and information about the wireless environment. "Location" is also called "position," and the two terms are used interchangeably in this document. Known examples of sensing systems include Radio Detection and Ranging (RADAR) and Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR). While sensing systems can be separated from communication systems, it can be advantageous to use an integrated system to collect information, reducing the hardware (and cost) in the system and the time, frequency, or spatial resources required to implement both functions. However, using communication system hardware to perform sensing of UE pose and environmental information is a highly challenging and open problem. The difficulty of this problem is related to factors such as the limited resolution of communication systems, the dynamic nature of the environment, and the large number of objects (whose electromagnetic properties and positions need to be estimated). Therefore, the integration of sensing and communication (also known as communication and sensing integration, joint sensing communication, and other similar names) is an ideal feature of existing and future communication systems.

[0092] In scenarios where sensing and communication are integrated, a device (or sensor, or UE, referred to as Device 1 or the first device) can sense the environment and then use the sensing results to further assist communication, such as beamforming / beam tracking, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) parameter estimation, etc. Due to the limited sensing distance and range of some Device 1 devices, or due to obstacles in the environment, other devices (referred to as Device 2 or the second device) can provide Device 1 with their sensing information or fused sensing results to help improve the performance of Device 1's subsequent tasks. For example, Device 2 can be a central node or base station, which can collect sensing results from multiple devices and fuse these results into a complete / large environmental map. Device 2 can then send the fused environmental map to Device 1 to assist its communication tasks, such as beamforming / beam tracking, MIMO parameter estimation, etc.

[0093] In the above scenarios, it is necessary to describe the reconstructed environment or environment map in some way. A very detailed description is advantageous, but it also leads to considerable transmission overhead from device 2 to device 1, as well as significant computational and power consumption overhead for device 1. Considering scenarios such as perception-assisted communication, a coarse description of the environment / objects can meet the requirements of most tasks. Therefore, it is worth considering how to describe the environment / objects in a simplified manner. Based on these analyses and considerations, a novel approach is proposed in some embodiments of this disclosure. In some embodiments, geometry-based representations can be considered a good way to indicate perception information, which can describe the environment / objects in a simplified and efficient manner. A geometry-based representation can mean that the perception information is represented by one or more geometric shapes. Based on such simplified representations, computational complexity and power consumption at the device can be reduced, and transmission overhead for exchanging perception information can also be significantly reduced. In some embodiments, to better support on-demand perception information indication from device 2 to device 1, event-triggered perception information indication can be utilized.

[0094] For illustrative purposes, the following will refer to Figures 1A to 12 The principles and exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are described. However, it should be noted that these embodiments are given to enable those skilled in the art to understand the inventive concept of some embodiments of this disclosure and to implement the solutions as presented herein, and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure in any way.

[0095] Figure 1A Exemplary environments in which some embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented are shown. References Figure 1AAs a non-limiting illustrative example, a simplified schematic diagram of a communication system is provided. Communication system 100 includes a radio access network 120. Radio access network 120 may be a next-generation radio access network, a future communication network, or a traditional (e.g., 5G, 4G, 3G, or 2G) radio access network. One or more electronic devices (EDs) 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, 110f, 110g, 110h, 110i, 110j (collectively referred to as 110) may be interconnected with each other or connected to one or more network nodes (170a, 170b, collectively referred to as 170) in radio access network 120. Core network 130 may be part of the communication system and may depend on or be independent of the radio access technology used in communication system 100. Furthermore, communication system 100 includes a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160.

[0096] Figure 1B An exemplary communication system 100 is illustrated. Typically, the communication system 100 enables multiple wireless or wired components to transmit data and other content. The purpose of the communication system 100 may be to provide content such as voice, data, video, and / or text via broadcast, multicast, unicast, etc. The communication system 100 can operate by sharing resources such as carrier spectrum bandwidth among its constituent components. The communication system 100 may include terrestrial communication systems and / or non-terrestrial communication systems. The communication system 100 can provide a wide range of communication services and applications (e.g., earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.). The communication system 100 can provide high availability and robustness through the joint operation of terrestrial and non-terrestrial communication systems. For example, integrating a non-terrestrial communication system (or components thereof) into a terrestrial communication system can create a heterogeneous network that can be viewed as comprising multiple layers. Compared to traditional communication networks, heterogeneous networks can achieve better overall performance through efficient multi-link joint operation, more flexible function sharing, and faster physical layer link switching between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks.

[0097] Terrestrial communication systems and non-terrestrial communication systems can be subsystems of a communication system. Figure 1BIn the example shown, communication system 100 includes electronic devices (EDs) 110a, 110b, 110c, and 110d (collectively referred to as ED110), radio access networks (RANs) 120a and 120b, a non-terrestrial communication network 120c, a core network 130, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160. RANs 120a and 120b include corresponding base stations (BSs) 170a and 170b, which can be collectively referred to as terrestrial transmit and receive points (T-TRPs) 170a and 170b. The non-terrestrial communication network 120c includes an access node 172, which can be collectively referred to as a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172.

[0098] As mentioned herein, and unless otherwise stated, "TRP" can also refer to T-TRP or NT-TRP, "T-TRP" can also refer to "TN TRP," and "NT-TRP" can also refer to "NTN TRP." NTN 120c can be considered as RAN, sharing operational aspects with RAN120a and 120b. NTN 120c may include at least one NTN device and at least one corresponding terrestrial network device. At least one NTN device can be used as a transport layer device, and at least one corresponding terrestrial network device can be used as a RAN node, communicating with ED 110 through the NTN device. Additionally, an NTN gateway (referred to as a terrestrial network device) may exist on the ground, which also functions as a transport layer device, facilitating communication with both the NTN device and the RAN node. The RAN node can communicate with ED 110 through the NTN device and the NTN gateway. In some implementations, the NTN gateway and the RAN node may reside in the same device.

[0099] Base station 170 (as described above, also referred to as TRP) is a network element within a radio access network responsible for radio transmission and reception with EDs (e.g., user equipment) in one or more cells. When base station 170 performs (or is used to perform) the methods described herein, it can be interpreted as the base station itself, one or more modules (or units), circuits or chips within the base station, or a combination thereof performing the method. For example, the circuits or chips may include modem chips (also referred to as baseband chips), system-on-chips (SoCs) including modem cores, system-in-packages (SIPs), etc., and may be responsible for one or more communication functions within the base station.

[0100] ED 110a to 110d and TRP 170a to 170b, 172 are examples of communication devices used to implement some or all of the operations and / or implementations described herein. TRP 170a forms part of RAN 120a, which may include other TRPs and / or other devices. Furthermore, TRP 170b forms part of RAN 120b, which may include other TRPs and / or devices. Each TRP 170a, 170b can transmit and / or receive radio signals within a specific geographic area or region, sometimes referred to as a “cell” or “coverage area.” TRP 170a and 170b can be responsible for allocating and / or configuring resources and transmitting and / or receiving within a set of cells. A cell is a radio network object that can be uniquely identified by a (cell) identifier broadcast over a geographic area or region from the base station associated with the cell. Cells can operate in FDD or TDD mode. The cell can be further divided into cell sectors, and base stations 170a to 170b can, for example, employ one or more transceivers to provide services to one or more sectors. If supported by a radio access technology, some implementations may include picocells or femtocells. In some implementations, one or more transceivers can, for example, utilize multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology for each cell. The number of RANs 120a to 120b shown is merely an example. Any number of RANs can be envisioned when designing the communication system 100.

[0101] A base station can be a single element, as shown in the figure, or it can be multiple elements distributed throughout the corresponding RAN, or configured in other ways. In some implementations, multiple RAN nodes coordinate to assist the ED 110 in achieving radio access, and different RAN nodes implement and process different functions of the base station. For example, a RAN node can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), etc. CUs and DUs can be deployed separately or included in the same element (i.e., a baseband unit (BBU)). RUs can be included in radio equipment or radio units (i.e., remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radio heads (RRHs)). In different systems, the names of CUs (or CU-CPs and CU-UPs), DUs, or RUs may differ, but their functions are understood by those skilled in the art. For example, in an Open Radio Access Network (ORAN) system, a CU can be called an Open CU (O-CU), a DU can be called an Open DU (O-DU), and a CU-CP can be called an Open CU-CP (O-CU-CP). A CU-UP can also be called an Open CU-UP (O-CU-UP), and a RU can be called an Open RU (O-RU). Any of the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU can be implemented using software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules.

[0102] Furthermore, communication between different devices / apparatus in various implementations of this disclosure can refer to direct communication (i.e., without requiring forwarding by another device / apparatus), or it can refer to one or more communications between different devices / apparatus via another device / apparatus (i.e., requiring forwarding by another device / apparatus). Alternatively, such one or more communications can involve a functional unit within a device / apparatus using another functional unit within the device / apparatus to communicate with another device / apparatus. In other words, phrases such as "send (or transmit) information to..." (ED or base station) in this disclosure can be understood as the destination endpoint of the information being the ED or base station, including sending / transmitting information directly or indirectly to the ED or base station. Similarly, phrases such as "receive information from..." (ED or base station) can be understood as the source endpoint of the information being the ED or base station, including receiving information directly or indirectly from the ED or base station. Between the source endpoint and the destination endpoint of the information being sent, necessary processing can be performed on the information, such as, but not limited to, format conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, amplification, and filtering. However, the destination endpoint can understand valid information from the source endpoint. Similar understanding applies to other descriptions in this disclosure without repeating the details already described. In this disclosure, the terms “send” and “transmit” may be used interchangeably in different implementations of this disclosure.

[0103] When ED 110 performs (or is used to perform) the methods described herein, it can be interpreted as the ED itself, one or more modules (or units) within the ED, circuitry or chips, or a combination thereof performing the method. For example, the circuitry or chips may include a modem chip (also known as a baseband chip), a system-on-a-chip (SoC) including a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP), and may be responsible for one or more communication functions within the ED.

[0104] Alternatively or additionally, any ED 110 can be used to interface, access, or communicate with any T-TRP 170a, 170b, and NT-TRP 172, Internet 150, Core Network 130, PSTN 140, other network 160, or any combination thereof. In some examples, ED 110a can communicate with T-TRP 170a via terrestrial air interface 190a for uplink and / or downlink transmission. In some examples, ED 110a, 110b, 110c, and 110d can also communicate directly with each other via one or more sidelink air interfaces 190b. In some examples, ED 110d can communicate with NT-TRP 172 via non-terrestrial air interface 190c for uplink and / or downlink transmission.

[0105] Air interfaces 190a and 190b can employ similar communication technologies, such as any suitable wireless access technology. For example, communication system 100 can implement one or more channel access methods in air interfaces 190a and 190b, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), space division multiple access (SDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) (also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDMA (DFT-s-OFDMA)). Air interfaces 190a and 190b can utilize other higher-dimensional signal spaces, which may involve combinations of orthogonal and / or non-orthogonal dimensions.

[0106] The non-terrestrial air interface 190c enables communication between the ED 110d and one or more NT-TRP 172s via a wireless link (or simply a link). For some examples, the link is a dedicated connection for unicast transmission, a connection for broadcast transmission, or a connection between a group of ED 110s and one or more NT-TRP 172s for multicast transmission.

[0107] RANs 120a and 120b communicate with the core network 130 to provide various services, such as voice, data, and other services, to EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c. RANs 120a and 120b, and / or the core network 130, can communicate directly or indirectly with one or more other RANs (not shown), which may or may not be directly served by the core network 130, and may or may not use the same radio access technology as RANs 120a and / or RAN 120b. The core network 130 can also serve as a gateway between (i) RANs 120a and 120b and / or EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c and (ii) other networks (e.g., PSTN 140, Internet 150, and other networks 160). Furthermore, some or all of ED 110a, 110b, and 110c may include the ability to communicate with different wireless networks via different wireless links using different wireless technologies and / or protocols. Instead of wireless communication (or other than wireless communication), ED 110a, 110b, and 110c may also communicate with service providers or exchanges (not shown) via wired communication channels and with the Internet 150. PSTN 140 may include a circuit-switched telephone network for providing plain old telephone service (POTS). The Internet 150 may include computer networks and / or subnets (internal networks) and incorporate protocols such as Internet Protocol (IP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). ED 110a, 110b, and 110c may be multimode devices capable of operating according to multiple wireless access technologies and incorporating multiple transceivers required to support these technologies.

[0108] Figure 1CAnother example of the ED 110 and base stations 170a, 170b, and / or 170c is shown. The ED 110 is used to connect people, objects, machines, etc. The ED 110 can be widely used in various scenarios, including, for example, cellular communication, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), peer-to-peer (P2P), machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), metaverse, digital twins, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearable devices, smart transportation, smart cities, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.

[0109] Each ED 110 represents any suitable end-user equipment for wireless operation and may include (or be referred to as): user equipment / device (UE), wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), mobile station, fixed or mobile subscriber unit, cellular phone, station (STA), machine-type communication (MTC) device, personal digital assistant (PDA), smartphone, laptop, computer, tablet, wireless sensor, consumer electronics, smartbook, vehicle, automobile, truck, bus, train, or IoT device, wearable device (such as watch, glasses, head-mounted device, etc.), industrial equipment, or devices comprising or including the foregoing (e.g., communication module, modem, or chip), etc. Next-generation ED 110 may be referred to using other terms. Base stations 170a and 170b are T-TRPs and will be referred to as T-TRP 170 below. Similarly, Figure 1CAs shown, NT-TRP will be referred to as NT-TRP 172 below. Each ED 110 connected to T-TRP 170 and / or NT-TRP 172 can be dynamically or semi-statically turned on (i.e., established, activated, or enabled), turned off (i.e., released, deactivated, or disabled), and / or configured in response to connection availability and / or connection necessity.

[0110] ED 110 includes a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203 coupled to one or more antennas 204. Only one antenna 204 is shown in the figure to avoid congestion. Alternatively, one, part, or all of the antennas 204 may be panels. The transmitter 201 and receiver 203 may be integrated as, for example, a transceiver. The transceiver is configured to modulate data or other content for transmission by at least one antenna 204 or a network interface controller (NIC). The transceiver may also be configured to demodulate data or other content received through at least one antenna 204. Each transceiver includes any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and / or processing signals received wirelessly or wiredly. Each antenna 204 includes any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless or wired signals.

[0111] ED 110 includes at least one memory 208. Memory 208 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by ED 110. For example, memory 208 may store software instructions or modules for implementing some or all of the functions and / or embodiments described herein and executed by one or more processing units (e.g., processor 210). Each memory 208 includes any suitable one or more volatile and / or non-volatile storage and retrieval devices. Any suitable type of memory can be used, such as random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, optical disk, subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory stick, secure digital (SD) memory card, and on-processor cache, etc.

[0112] ED 110 may also include one or more input / output devices (not shown) or interfaces (e.g., connected to...). Figure 1A(Wired interface of Internet 150). Input / output devices or interfaces support interaction with users or other devices in the network. Each input / output device or interface includes any suitable structure for providing or receiving information from the user and / or for network interface communication. For example, suitable structures include speakers, microphones, keypads, keyboards, displays, touchscreens, etc.

[0113] ED 110 includes a processor 210 for performing operations related to: operations related to preparing uplink transmissions to NT-TRP 172 and / or T-TRP 170; operations related to processing downlink transmissions received from NT-TRP 172 and / or T-TRP 170; and operations related to lateral link transmissions to and from another ED 110. Processing operations related to preparing uplink transmissions may include operations such as encoding, modulation, transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing downlink transmissions may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulation, and decoding of received symbols. According to an embodiment, the downlink transmission may be received by receiver 203 (possibly using receive beamforming), and processor 210 may extract signaling from the downlink transmission (e.g., by detecting and / or decoding signaling). For example, an example of signaling may be a reference signal transmitted by NT-TRP 172 and / or T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, processor 210 performs transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on beam direction indications (e.g., beamangle information (BAI)) received from T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, processor 210 may perform operations related to network access (e.g., initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as operations related to detecting synchronization sequences, decoding, and obtaining system information. In some embodiments, processor 210 may perform channel estimation, for example, using reference signals received from NT-TRP 172 and / or from T-TRP 170.

[0114] Although not shown, processor 210 may be part of transmitter 201 and / or receiver 203. Although not shown, memory 208 may be part of processor 210.

[0115] The processing components of processor 210, transmitter 201, and receiver 203 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors for executing instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 208). Alternatively, some or all of the processing components of processor 210, transmitter 201, and receiver 203 may each be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a programmable field-programmable gate array (FPGA), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), graphics processing unit (GPU), or hardware accelerators such as artificial intelligence (AI) accelerators.

[0116] In some implementations, the T-TRP 170 can also have other names, such as base station, base transceiver station (BTS), wireless base station, network node, network device, network-side device, transmit / receive node, NodeB, evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB), home eNodeB, next-generation NodeB (gNB), transmission point (TP), site controller, access point (AP), wireless router, relay station, ground node, ground network device, ground base station, base band unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), positioning node, etc. The T-TRP 170 can be a macro BS, pico BS, relay node, or host node, or a combination thereof. T-TRP 170 may refer to the aforementioned equipment or to a component within the aforementioned equipment (e.g., a communication module, modem, or chip).

[0117] In some embodiments, the various parts of T-TRP 170 may be distributed. For example, some modules of T-TRP 170 may be located remotely from the device housing the antenna 256 of T-TRP 170 and may be coupled to the device housing the antenna 256 via a communication link (not shown) sometimes referred to as a fronthaul (e.g., a common public radio interface (CPRI)). Therefore, in some embodiments, the term "T-TRP 170" may also refer to network-side modules that perform processing operations such as determining the location of ED 110, resource allocation (scheduling), message generation, and encoding / decoding, and are not necessarily part of the device housing the antenna 256 of T-TRP 170. These modules may also be coupled to other T-TRPs. In some embodiments, T-TRP 170 may actually be multiple T-TRPs that operate together, for example, by using coordinated multicast transmissions to serve ED 110.

[0118] T-TRP 170 includes at least one transmitter 252 and at least one receiver 254 coupled to one or more antennas 256. Only one antenna 256 is shown in the figure to avoid congestion. One, part, or all of the antennas 256 may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 252 and receiver 254 may be integrated as a transceiver. T-TRP 170 also includes a processor 260 for performing operations including operations related to: preparing downlink transmissions to ED 110, processing uplink transmissions received from ED 110, preparing backhaul transmissions to NT-TRP 172, and processing transmissions received from NT-TRP 172 via backhaul. Processing operations related to preparing downlink or backhaul transmissions may include operations such as encoding, modulation, precoding (e.g., multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) precoding), transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to receiving transmissions in the uplink or via backhaul may include receive beamforming, demodulating received symbols, and decoding received symbols. Processor 260 may also perform operations related to network access (e.g., initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as generating the contents of a synchronization signal block (SSB) and generating system information. In some embodiments, processor 260 also generates an indication of beam direction (e.g., BAI), which scheduler 253 may schedule for transmission. Processor 260 performs other network-side processing operations described herein, such as determining the location of ED 110, determining which NT-TRP 172 is located, etc. In some embodiments, processor 260 may generate signaling, for example, to configure one or more parameters of ED 110 and / or one or more parameters of NT-TRP 172. Any signaling generated by processor 260 is transmitted by transmitter 252. It should be noted that the term "signaling" as used herein may alternatively be referred to as control signaling. Signaling can be transmitted in physical layer control channels such as the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). In this case, the signaling can be called dynamic signaling. Signaling transmitted in the downlink physical layer control channel is called downlink control information (DCI). Signaling transmitted in the uplink physical layer control channel is called uplink control information (UCI). Signaling transmitted in the sidelink physical layer control channel is called sidelink control information (SCI).Signaling can be included in higher-layer (e.g., above the physical layer) packets transmitted in physical layer data channels such as the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH). In this case, the signaling can be referred to as higher-layer signaling, static signaling, or semi-static signaling. Higher-layer signaling can also refer to radio resource control (RRC) protocol signaling or media access control-control element (MAC-CE) signaling.

[0119] Scheduler 253 may be coupled to processor 260. Scheduler 253 may be included within T-TRP 170 or may operate separately from it. Scheduler 253 may schedule uplink, downlink, lateral link, and / or backlink transmissions, including issuing scheduling authorizations and / or configuring schedule-free (e.g., “configuration authorizations”) resources. T-TRP 170 also includes memory 258 for storing information and data. Memory 258 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by T-TRP 170. For example, memory 258 may store software instructions or modules for implementing some or all of the functions and / or embodiments described herein, and executed by processor 260.

[0120] Although not shown, processor 260 may constitute part of transmitter 252 and / or receiver 254. Furthermore, although not shown, processor 260 may implement scheduler 253. Although not shown, memory 258 may constitute part of processor 260.

[0121] The processing components of processor 260, scheduler 253, transmitter 252, and receiver 254 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors for executing instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 258). Alternatively, some or all of the processing components of processor 260, scheduler 253, transmitter 252, and receiver 254 may be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a programmed FPGA, hardware accelerator (e.g., GPU or AI accelerator), or ASIC.

[0122] Although the NT-TRP 172 is shown as an example of a drone only, it can be implemented in any suitable non-terrestrial form, such as satellites and high-altitude platforms including international mobile telecommunications base stations and unmanned aerial vehicles. Furthermore, in some implementations, the NT-TRP 172 may use other names, such as a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, or a non-terrestrial base station. The NT-TRP 172 includes a transmitter 272 and a receiver 274 coupled to one or more antennas 280. Only one antenna 280 is shown in the figure to avoid congestion. One, some, or all of the antennas may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 272 and receiver 274 may be integrated as a transceiver. The NT-TRP 172 also includes a processor 276 for performing operations including operations related to: preparing downlink transmissions to be sent to ED 110, processing uplink transmissions received from ED 110, preparing return transmissions to be sent to the T-TRP 170, and processing transmissions received from the T-TRP 170 via return. Processing operations related to preparing to transmit downlink or backhaul transmissions may include encoding, modulation, precoding (e.g., MIMO precoding), transmit beamforming, generating symbols for transmission, etc. Processing operations related to processing transmissions received in the uplink or received via backhaul may include receive beamforming, demodulating received symbols, and decoding received symbols, etc. In some embodiments, processor 276 implements transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on beam direction information (e.g., BAI) received from T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, processor 276 may generate signaling, for example, for configuring one or more parameters of ED 110. In some embodiments, NT-TRP 172 implements physical layer processing but does not implement higher-layer functions, such as those at the medium access control (MAC) layer or radio link control (RLC) layer. Since this is only an example, NT-TRP 172 may more generally implement higher-layer functions in addition to physical layer processing.

[0123] The NT-TRP 172 also includes a memory 278 for storing information and data. Although not shown, a processor 276 may form part of the transmitter 272 and / or the receiver 274. Although not shown, the memory 278 may form part of the processor 276.

[0124] The processing components of processor 276, transmitter 272, and receiver 274 can each be implemented using one or more processors, which may be the same or different, and are configured to execute instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 278). Alternatively, some or all of the processing components of processor 276, transmitter 272, and receiver 274 can be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a programmed FPGA, hardware accelerator (e.g., GPU or AI accelerator), or ASIC. In some embodiments, NT-TRP 172 may actually be multiple NT-TRPs operating together to serve ED 110, for example, through cooperative multicasting.

[0125] T-TRP 170, NT-TRP 172 and / or ED 110 may include other components, but these components have been omitted for clarity.

[0126] Figure 1D Exemplary block diagrams of apparatus 410 according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. For example, apparatus 410 may be a communication device, or an apparatus implemented in a communication device such as ED 110 or TRP 170a, 170b, 172. For example, apparatus 410 implemented in an ED may be an integrated circuit, which in some cases may be referred to as a chip, modem, modem chip, baseband chip, or baseband processor. In some implementations, one or more integrated circuits may be packaged as a system-on-a-chip, system-in-package, or multi-chip module. Apparatus 410 may include one or more integrated circuits and other discrete components. In some implementations, apparatus 410 may be a module within ED 110. In some implementations, apparatus 410 may be a module within one of TRP 170a, 170b, 172.

[0127] In one example, apparatus 410 may include one or more processors 411 and interface circuitry 412. Apparatus 410 may also include memory 413. The one or more processors 411 are configured to process signals and execute one or more communication protocols. Memory 413 is configured to store at least a portion of corresponding computer program instructions and / or data. In one example, the one or more processors 411 execute computer program instructions stored in memory 413 to implement relevant operations (e.g., input, output, reception, and transmission) in the method embodiments disclosed herein. In some implementations, configuring memory 413 to store corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may mean that memory 413 is configured to store all corresponding computer program instructions and / or data to be executed by one or more processors 411. In some implementations, configuring memory 413 to store corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may mean that memory 413 is configured to store a portion of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data. For example, this portion of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may include computer program instructions and / or data currently required to be executed by one or more processors 411. Therefore, memory 413 can store different portions of computer program instructions and / or data multiple times for one or more processors 411 to perform related operations in the method embodiments disclosed herein. Interface circuitry 412 serves as a communication interface and is configured to enable communication with another component. For example, interface circuitry 412 can transmit signals with another device or system (e.g., a radio frequency processing device or another processor). The signal may include or carry information intended as a payload, such as data, control information, etc. The signal may also include or carry information useful to the receiver but not necessarily as a payload, such as a pilot signal or reference signal. Transmitting the signal may include sending the signal to another component or device. Additionally or alternatively, transmitting the signal may include receiving the signal from another component or device. Transmitting the signal may include outputting the signal to a component or device directly or indirectly coupled to interface circuitry 412. Receiving the signal may include inputting or obtaining the signal from a component or device directly or indirectly coupled to interface circuitry 412. Optionally, in order to reduce the load on one or more processors, a baseband signal processing circuit 414 can be provided to process at least a portion of the baseband signal, including signal demodulation, modulation, encoding, decoding, etc.

[0128] Device 410 may be, in some scenarios, a processor 210 (or 260 or 276) within ED 110 (or T-TRP 170 or NT-TRP 172), or in some scenarios, may be included within a processor 210 (or 260 or 276) within ED 110 (or T-TRP 170 or NT-TRP 172). Device 410 may be a baseband chip or may include a baseband chip. In some implementations, device 410 may be packaged as a standalone chip. In some implementations, ED 110 (or T-TRP 170 or NT-TRP 172) includes different types of chips. Device 410 may be packaged together with different types of chips as a processor chip (e.g., a SoC chip or a SiP chip). In some implementations, device 410 may be packaged together with some or all of the circuitry in a radio frequency processing system as a chip, which may also be included in ED 110 (or T-TRP 170 or NT-TRP 172).

[0129] according to Figure 1E One or more steps of the methods in the embodiments provided herein may be performed by the corresponding units or modules. Figure 1E Examples of units or modules in devices such as ED 110, T-TRP 170, or NT-TRP 172 are shown. For example, signals may be transmitted or output by a transmitting unit or transmitting module. Signals may be received or input by a receiving unit or receiving module. Signals may be processed by a processing unit or processing module. Other steps may be performed by an artificial intelligence (AI) module or a machine learning (ML) module. The corresponding units or modules may be implemented using hardware, one or more components or devices executing software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more of these units or modules may be circuits such as integrated circuits. Examples of integrated circuits include programmed FPGAs, GPUs, or ASICs. For example, one or more of these units or modules may be logical, such as logical functions executed by software instructions executed by a circuit, a portion of an integrated circuit, or a processor. It should be understood that if these modules are implemented using software executed by a processor, etc., then these modules may be retrieved by the processor, in whole or in part, individually or together, for processing, in single or multiple instances, and these modules themselves may include instructions for further deployment and instantiation.

[0130] Although not shown, the transmitting module and the receiving module can be part of or combined into a transceiver module. The transceiver module can also be called an interface module, or simply an interface, and is used for input and output operations.

[0131] Additional details regarding ED 110, T-TRP 170, and NT-TRP 172 are known to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these details are omitted herein.

[0132] For sensing tasks / applications, a device (e.g., device 1 mentioned above) can sense its environment and then use the sensing results to further assist communication. Another device (e.g., device 2 mentioned above) can provide device 1 with its sensing information or fused sensing results to help improve the performance of device 1's subsequent tasks. The exchanged sensing information can be a reconstructed environment, an environment map, or environment objects. Therefore, the exchanged sensing information needs to be described in some way.

[0133] Perceptual information can be represented as the location of a point in space, with coordinates (x, y, z). While such location-based representations are simple and have low transmission overhead, they cannot well describe detected object or environmental information. For example, they cannot describe the contour information of objects or the environment. In some schemes, perceptual information can also be represented by point clouds, such as... Figure 1F As shown. Figure 1F An example of point cloud representations of two buildings is shown. A point cloud is a discrete set of data points in space. Each point location has coordinates (x, y, z). In some schemes, perceptual information can also be represented by a grid, such as... Figure 1G As shown. Figure 1G Examples of mesh representations of two buildings are shown. A mesh is a collection of vertices, edges, and faces that define the shape of an object. Faces typically include triangles (triangular meshes), quadrilaterals (quadrilateral faces), or other convex polygons. A mesh can also be called a polygon or polygonal mesh. Both point cloud representations and mesh representations can provide a detailed description of an object or environment. However, because both are based on representing objects at points / vertices, the number of bits used for representation is relatively large, which introduces significant communication overhead in perceptual fusion, perceptual reporting, or other scenarios used for perceptual information exchange. For example, assuming each point / vertex has 16 bits of precision for its coordinates (x, y, z), the total number of bits for 100 points / vertexes would be 100 × 3 × 16 = 4800 bits. Mesh representation requires additional bits for edge representation, i.e., the relationships between vertices.

[0134] For describing perceived information (environment or objects), very fine-grained descriptions are advantageous, but they also lead to relatively large computational and transmission overheads. Considering these or similar scenarios, coarse and generalized descriptions can satisfy the requirements of most tasks. In some embodiments of this disclosure, geometry-based representations can be used to represent perceived information that can describe the environment or objects in a simplified and efficient manner.

[0135] Figure 1HAn exemplary environment for perception indication is shown. Ideally, the UE (example of device 1) 101g can perceive and obtain environmental information about the building 102g and vehicle 103g, or the base station (BS, example of device 2) 104g can send the environmental information about the building 102g and vehicle 103g to the UE 101g to assist the UE 101g in subsequent communication tasks. Providing a very detailed description of the building 102g and vehicle 103g would result in significant computational overhead on the UE 101g side, or significant communication overhead from the BS 104g to the UE 101g. In practice, since the BS 104g possesses global environmental information, it can obtain local environmental information currently relevant to the UE 101g and only send this local information to the UE 101g for further processing. For example, it can use ray tracing to estimate multipath / non-line-of-sight (NLOS) information between BS 104g and UE 101g based on global environmental information, and then obtain local environmental information, i.e., a subset of environmental objects currently associated with UE 101g, such as... Figure 1I As shown. BS 104g can also use other methods to obtain local environment information, and this disclosure does not limit this. Local environment information has reflection and scattering characteristics and is related to the channel state of UE 101g. When the environment changes, the channel changes, and the local environment information related to UE 101g also changes. Local environment information or a subset of environmental objects can be represented by one or more simple geometric shapes (e.g., squares, rectangles, polygons, circles, cubes, spheres, etc.), which can represent information about the surface, thereby significantly reducing the transmission overhead from device 2 to device 1. Based on the received local environment information, UE 101g can have sufficient information to assist subsequent communication tasks, such as beamforming / beam tracking, MIMO parameter estimation, etc.

[0136] Figure 2 Exemplary processes according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown. For example... Figure 2As shown, process 200 involves a first device 220 and a second device 230. In some examples, the first device 220 may be a user equipment (UE) and may also be referred to as device 1. The second device 230 may be a BS and may also be referred to as device 2. The first device 220 is an exemplary implementation of the first device. The second device 230 is an exemplary implementation of the second device. In some other embodiments, alternative implementations of the first device 220 and the first device may be interchanged to perform corresponding steps of process 200, and alternative implementations of the second device 230 and the second device may be interchanged to perform corresponding steps of process 200. In some examples, an alternative implementation of the first device may be a part of the first device 220, such as a chip or radio frequency device in the first device 220. In some examples, an alternative implementation of the second device may be a part of the second device 230, such as a chip or radio frequency device in the second device 230. In some examples, either the first device or the second device may be ED 110, T-TRP 170, NT-TRP 172, etc., as discussed above. In some examples, the first device 220 and the second device 230 can communicate with each other via a communication link or channel. In some examples, the first device 220 and the second device 230 may have the same device type or different device types, and this disclosure does not limit this aspect.

[0137] In process 200, the first device 220 sends (205) a trigger 225 to request sensing information 235 associated with a sensing target of the first device 220. The second device 230 receives (207) the trigger 225 to request sensing information 235 associated with a sensing target of the first device 220. In some examples, the sensing target may be an object or a sensing environment. For example, the sensing target may be associated with a sensing task (e.g., a sensing object or a reconstructed environment) and may be sensed to determine or generate sensing information. The second device 230 sends (209) sensing information 235 based on receiving the trigger 225. On the first device 220 side, the first device 220 receives (211) sensing information 235 based on sending the trigger 225.

[0138] In some examples, trigger 225 is sent (at the first device 220) or received (at the second device 230) based on one or more events. The one or more events are associated with one or more geometries used to represent the perceived target.

[0139] In some examples, one or more events include the first device 220 entering a first region where a representation of a perceived target based on one or more geometries is supported. In some examples, one or more events include the first device 220 entering a second region where a representation of a perceived target based on one or more geometries supported or preferred by the first device 220 is supported. In some examples, one or more events include: the first or more geometries representing the perceived target of the first device 220 are inaccurate prior to sending trigger 225. In some examples herein, the first or more geometries may be referred to as the current geometry. In some examples, the current geometry may be previously indicated.

[0140] In some examples, the first or more geometries may be inaccurate if the difference between the original communication parameters of the first device 220 and the communication parameters obtained based on the first or more geometries is greater than a threshold. In some examples, the communication parameters include channel information or beam direction. In some examples, the original communication parameters may be true communication parameters (e.g., true channel information or true beam direction), meaning the difference between the channel information or beam direction and the channel information or beam direction obtained based on the first or more geometries is greater than a threshold. That is, the true communication parameters are not obtained based on the first or more geometries. For example, the first device 220 may perform channel estimation to obtain true channel information. As another example, the first device 220 may perform measurements on a reference signal transmitted from the second device 230 to perform beam estimation, thereby obtaining the true beam direction.

[0141] In some examples, the first or more geometries may be inaccurate if they are outdated and / or out of range. In some examples, the first or more geometries become outdated if a single timer for the validity of the first or more geometries expires; or if one or more timers for the validity of the first or more geometries expire, respectively; or if a timer in one or more timers expires. In some examples, the first or more geometries are out of range if the distance between the first device 220 and a single geometry is greater than a single distance threshold. In this case, the first or more geometries comprise the single geometry. Alternatively, the first or more geometries are out of range if all distances between the first device 220 and multiple geometries are greater than a single distance threshold. In this case, the first or more geometries comprise multiple geometries. Alternatively, the first or more geometries are out of range if each of the multiple distances is greater than a corresponding distance threshold among the multiple distance thresholds for the first or more geometries. Alternatively, the first or more geometries are out of range if any of the multiple distances is greater than a corresponding distance threshold among the multiple distance thresholds.

[0142] In some examples, the second device 230 may send one or more sets of event trigger parameters. The first device 220 may receive one or more sets of event trigger parameters. One set of event trigger parameters in this set may be associated with one or more events used to send trigger 225, as described in this application.

[0143] In some examples, the set of event triggering parameters includes the event type of one or more events. Alternatively or additionally, the set of event triggering parameters includes one or more parameters associated with the event among the one or more events. In some examples, the one or more parameters associated with the event among the one or more events included in the set of event triggering parameters include a relationship between one or more regions and a set or more sets of geometries. In such an example, a set of geometries in a set or more sets of geometries is supported within a region of one or more regions. Alternatively or additionally, the one or more parameters associated with the event among the one or more events include an indication that a representation of a perceived target based on one or more geometries is supported. Alternatively or additionally, the one or more parameters associated with the event among the one or more events include at least one threshold for determining whether the event among the one or more events has occurred. Alternatively or additionally, the one or more parameters associated with the event among the one or more events include information on at least one timer for determining the validity of a first or more geometries representing a perceived target of the first device 220. Alternatively or additionally, the one or more parameters associated with the event among the one or more events include at least one threshold for determining whether the first or more geometries are out of range. In some examples, the aforementioned one or more regions may include one or more geographic regions, one or more tracking regions, or one or more cells.

[0144] In some examples, trigger 225 includes: at least one type of one or more geometries preferred or supported by the first device 220; or a maximum number of geometries used to represent a type of geometry of a perceived target; or an indication of an area that the first device 220 has entered; or any combination thereof.

[0145] In some examples, trigger 225 includes: the difference between the original communication parameters of the first device 220 and the communication parameters obtained based on a first or more geometries, and / or one or more distances. One of these distances is the distance between the first device 220 and one of the first or more geometries used to represent the sensed target. For example, communication parameters include the channel information or beam direction mentioned above.

[0146] In some examples, the perception information 235 includes: first information indicating a set of geometric shapes having a type for representing a perceived target; or second information indicating multiple sets of geometric shapes for representing a perceived target. The multiple sets of geometric shapes are associated with various types of geometric shapes.

[0147] In some examples, the second information also indicates the type of multiple geometries, and / or the number of each geometries in multiple sets of geometries.

[0148] In some examples, perception information 235 indicates: third information, which is used to update at least a portion of the first or more geometries to obtain a second or more geometries. The first or more geometries may be the previously indicated current geometry, and the second or more geometries may be the requested geometry or the geometry to which the current geometry is to be updated.

[0149] In some examples, updates to the perception information can be indicated in various ways. For example, the third information indicates: adding at least one geometry in addition to the first or more geometries; removing at least one geometry from the first or more geometries; translating at least one geometry in the first or more geometries; or any combination thereof.

[0150] In some examples, the third information indicates translation of at least one geometry by instructing the following: a translation vector for shifting a first or more geometries to obtain a second or more geometries; or a first plurality of translation vectors for shifting a first or more geometries to obtain a second or more geometries respectively; or a second plurality of translation vectors for shifting at least one of the first or more geometries to obtain a second or more geometries; or any combination thereof.

[0151] In some examples, various geometric shapes can be used to represent perceived targets. For example, one or more geometric shapes include the following: a circle indicated by its center point and radius; a circle indicated by its center point, radius, and normal vector; a square indicated by its center point and side length; a square indicated by its center point, side length, and normal vector; a square or rectangle indicated by four points or vertices; a square or rectangle indicated by one vertex and two direction vectors; a polygon indicated by a set of points or vertices; a sphere indicated by its center point and radius; or a cube indicated by eight points or vertices.

[0152] In process 200 above, trigger 225 can be used to request or update perceived information. Further details can be found in the diagrams shown below. Figure 3A and Figure 3B The processes 300-1 and 300-2 are described in the middle.

[0153] For example, refer to Figure 3A and Figure 3BProcesses 300-1 and 300-2 involve a first device 310 and a second device 320. The first device 310 may be an example of a first device 220 or device 1. The second device 320 may be an example of a second device 230 or device 2. To better support on-demand sensing information indication from the second device 320 to the first device 310, the first device 310 may send a request to the second device 320 for triggering sensing information, thereby reducing complexity at the second device 320 and / or better improving the local task performance of the first device 310.

[0154] In the relevant exemplary process, such as Figure 3A As shown, the first device 310 sends (301a) a trigger 315a to the second device 320 to request sensing information 325a. Then, the second device 320 receives (303a) the trigger 315a and sends (307a) the sensing information 325a to the first device 310. The first device 310 receives (309a) the sensing information 325a.

[0155] In another related exemplary process, such as Figure 3B As shown, updated perception information can be requested using a trigger from the first device 310 to the second device 320. For example... Figure 3B As shown, the second device 320 sends (301c) sensing information 305 to the first device 310. The first device 310 receives (303c) sensing information 305. The first device 310 sends (301b) a trigger 315b to the second device 320 to request updated sensing information 325b. Then, the second device 320 sends (307b) updated sensing information 325b to the first device 310. The first device 310 receives (309b) updated sensing information 325b.

[0156] Triggering from the first device 310 to the second device 320 (e.g., trigger 315a or trigger 315b) can be based on one or more events associated with one or more geometries. For example, one or more events can be, but is not limited to, one of the following events 1 through 5: Event 1: The first device 310 enters a region containing a geometry (i.e., the first region). Event 2: The first device 310 enters a region containing a geometry preferred or supported by the first device 310 (i.e., the second region). Event 3: The current one or more geometries are inaccurate. Event 4: The current one or more geometries are outdated. Event 5: The current geometry is out of range. The current one or more geometries can be in... Figure 2 The example shown above represents an example of the first or more geometries of the sensing target of the first device 220 before sending trigger 225.

[0157] A trigger (e.g., trigger 315a or trigger 315b) may be simply a request, or optionally include a geometry preferred by the first device 310. To represent perceived information (e.g., perceived information 325a or updated perceived information 325b), a geometry-based representation may be used, which includes one or more simple geometric shapes (e.g., squares, rectangles, polygons, circles, cubes, spheres, etc.) that can represent information about surfaces in the environment. Perceived information (e.g., perceived information 325a or updated perceived information 325b) may be included in downlink / uplink / sidelink RRC signaling, medium access control-control element (MAC CE), or physical (PHY) signaling.

[0158] A geometry-based representation of perceptual information can mean that the perceptual information is represented by one or more geometric shapes. The basic element for a geometry-based representation of perceptual information is a geometric shape S. In some examples, if only one type of geometric shape exists, the representation / format of the perceptual information can be {S1, S2, ... S}. N}, where N is the number of geometric shapes, S j Let be the j-th geometric shape, 1 ≤ j ≤ N. If there are multiple types of geometric shapes, the representation / format of the perceptual information can be {{S}. 1 1, S 1 2,…S 1 N1}, {S 2 1, S 2 2,…S 2 N2},…,{S K 1, S K 2,…S K NK}}, or {{T 1 , S 1 1,S 1 2,…S 1 N1}, {T 2 , S 2 1, S 2 2,…S 2 N2},…,{T K , S K 1, S K 2,…S K NK}}, where K is the number of shape types, T k It is the first k Types of shapes, Nk It has shape type T k The number of geometric shapes, {S k 1, S k 2,…S k Nk} is a shape of type T k The geometry, S k i It is a shape type T k The i-th geometric shape, 1≤ k ≤K, 1≤i≤N k Note that if the shape type transmitted each time is fixed / known between the first device 310 and the second device 320 (e.g., pre-configured by the second device 320 to the first device 310, or previously indicated by the first device 310 to the second device 320), then it is not necessary to include the shape type T in the representation / format. k .

[0159] In some examples, the number of geometric shapes, i.e., N or N1, N2, ... N mentioned above. k ...NK (1≤ k ≤K), can also be included in geometry-based representations. Note that if the number of geometries is fixed before the perceptual information indication or has been previously configured / indicated, then N or N1, N2, ... N k ...NK (1≤ k ≤K) do not need to be sent together. Note that, for ease of referencing geometry, it is optional to send each geometry S separately. j or S k i Configure shape index I respectively j Or I k i .

[0160] Shape type T k Indicates the geometric shape type, including square, rectangle, polygon, circle, cube, sphere, etc. T k Shape types can be represented by an enumeration value, i.e., one of {SQUARE, CIRCLE, RECTANGLE, POLYGON, CUBE, SPHERE,…}, or by an index in a predefined or pre-indicated table (as shown in Table 1, which illustrates the indexes of shape types). For example, if the enumeration method is used, shape type SQUARE refers to the geometric shape square. In another example, if Table 1 below is used, shape type 1 refers to the geometric shape square. Table 1: Description of Shape Type Index

[0161] Regarding the above S j and S k i There are several ways to represent this, depending on the geometry type. Some examples are given, but not limited to the following representations. For example, if S... j or S k i If S is a circle, then it can be represented by its center point v and radius r (e.g., in a 2D plane), i.e., {v, r}. If S j or S k i If S is a circle, then it can be represented by its center point v, radius r, and normal vector n, i.e., {v, r, n}. j or S k i If S is a square, then it can be represented by its center point v and side length e (e.g., in a 2D plane), i.e., {v, e}. If S j or S k i If S is a square, then it can be represented by its center point v, side length e, and normal vector n, i.e., {v, e, n}. j or S k i If S is a square / rectangle, then it can be represented by four points / vertices {v1, v2, v3, v4}. j or S k i If S is a square / rectangle, then it can be represented by a vertex v and two direction vectors d1 and d2, i.e., {v, d1, d2}. If S j or S k i If it is a polygon, then it can be represented by a set of points / vertices {v1, v2, ... v}. G} represents a polygon, where G is the number of points / vertices in the polygon. A polygon can be formed by connecting these points / vertices one by one. If S... j or S k i If S is a sphere, then it can be represented by its center point v and radius r, i.e., {v, r}. j or S k i If it is a cube, then it can be represented by eight points / vertices {v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8}. For the above points / vertices and vectors (e.g., v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8),... i d i(x, y) can be represented by 2D coordinates (x, y) or 3D coordinates (x, y, z), and can be global coordinates (geographic coordinate system, community coordinate system, etc.) or local coordinates (equipment coordinate system, reference point coordinate system, plane-defined coordinate system, etc.).

[0162] Figures 4A to 4F Some examples are shown of representing perceptual information using a type of geometry. Figures 4A to 4F The perceptual information involved can be an exemplary implementation of the aforementioned perceptual information 235. Based on the geometric representation, Figure 4A The perceived information in the middle becomes Figure 4B or Figure 4C The simplified representation in, and Figure 4D The perceived information in the middle becomes Figure 4E or Figure 4F A simplified representation in [the text]. Although this representation is simple, it still provides an overall outline of the object / environment and is sufficient for many perception tasks or related applications.

[0163] In some examples, geometry-based representations can be used to represent updated sensing information. Updated sensing information can be included in downlink / uplink / sidelink RRC signaling, MAC CE, or PHY signaling. Assume the current sensing information (i.e., the geometry) is {S1, S2, ... S}. N}, and the updated perceptual information is {S'1, S'2,…S'}. N’}, where N' is the number of updated geometries.

[0164] Based on the {S1,S2,…S} N Prior knowledge of {S'1, S'2, ..., S'} can be indicated in various ways. N’ In some examples, direct indications can be used, that is, {S'1, S'2,…S'} can be directly indicated. N’ That is, the first device 310 will use {S'1, S'2,…S'}. N’ Replace {S1, S2,…S} N The same representation / format used for geometry-based representations can be used to indicate {S'1, S'2, ... S'}. N’}

[0165] In some other examples, {S'1,S'2,…S'} can be indicated by updates based on additions / removals. N’}. Indicates the information used to update the geometry, that is, to update {S1, S2, ... S}. N} to obtain {S'1,S'2,…S' N’ For example, the added geometry {S} can be specified.a 1, S a 2,…S a A} and / or removed geometry {S b 1,S b 2,…S b B By receiving this updated information, the first device 310 can check the previously received {S1, S2, ... S}. N}, remove those included in {S b 1,S b 2,…S b B The geometry in} is used to add a new geometry {S}. a 1,S a 2,…S a A}

[0166] In some further examples, {S'1,S'2,…S'} can be indicated by translation-based updates. N’}. Indicates the information used to update the geometry, that is, to update {S1, S2, ... S}. N} to obtain {S'1,S'2,…S' N’ For example, by moving {S1, S2, ... S} based on one or more translation vectors (in this case, N'=N). N From some or all of the shapes in}, we can obtain {S'1, S'2,…S' N In some examples, a translation vector t is indicated. Then, {S1,S2,…S} N All the geometry in} is translated by t to obtain {S'1,S'2,…S' N In some examples, N translation vectors {t1, t2, ... t} are indicated. N Then, for each shape S j via t j Perform a translation to obtain S' j , 1≤j≤N. In some examples, L translation vectors and their corresponding geometries are indicated, {t1,t2,…t... L ,U1,U2,…U L}, L≥1. t k It is the k-th translation vector, and U k Including will be through t k The corresponding geometry to be translated, 1 ≤ k ≤ L. Then, for each t... k , will U k The corresponding geometric shape in t kPerform a translation to obtain the translated geometry. Then, it can be obtained by combining {S1, S2, ... S... N To obtain {S'1, S'2, ..., S'}, use all untranslated shapes and all translated shapes. N The above translation vectors t and t' j or t k It can be a 2D vector or a 3D vector.

[0167] In some examples, add / remove-based updates and translation-based updates can be combined. For example, a translation-based update can be applied to geometry that has not been removed. Note that, for ease of referring to geometry, the above add / remove-based updates and translation-based updates can be referred to as S. j The configuration shape index, i.e., the previously described I j .

[0168] In the example above, a geometry-based representation with a type of geometry is used, namely {S1, S2, ... S...}. N} and {S'1, S'2,…S' N’ The term} describes the representation of updated perceptual information. In some other examples, this description can be extended to geometry-based representations with multiple geometry types. For example, add / remove-based updates and translation-based updates can be indicated separately for each geometry type, or applied together to all geometries.

[0169] In some examples, continue to refer to Figure 3A In the event-triggered perception information indication process, the first device 310 sends (301a) a trigger 315a to the second device 320 to request perception information 325a, and then the second device 320 sends (307a) perception information 325a (or perception information A) to the first device 310. The trigger 315a for requesting perception information 325a can be based on an event related to one or more geometries.

[0170] In some other examples, see [link / reference]. Figure 3B Before the first device 310 sends trigger 315b, it may have previously received sensing information 305 (or sensing information B) from the second device 320. In this case, Figure 3B In the example shown, perception information A indicates updated perception information 325b compared to perception information B, and triggers (shown as trigger 315b) for requesting... Figure 3B The updated perception information 325b is shown. The trigger 315b for requesting the updated perception information 325b can be based on events related to one or more geometries, such as events 1 to 5 mentioned above.

[0171] The events used to trigger the indication of sensing information or to trigger the update of sensing information can be, but are not limited to, events 1 to 5 mentioned above. As an example, events 1 to 5 will be further described below.

[0172] Event 1 could be the first device 310 entering an area containing a geometry. For example, the first device 310 entering an area that provides services for geometry-based perceptual representations. Event 2 could be the first device 310 entering an area containing a geometry that the first device 310 can support or prefers to use, etc. This area could be a geographic region, a tracking area, a cell, or other predefined area.

[0173] Figure 5A Examples of geographic regions containing geometric shapes according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown. Figure 5A In the example shown, UE 501 (an example of the first device 310) enters geographic region 503. Specifically, this is based on its location and the relationship between the previously indicated geographic region and its geometry, or based on information broadcast in the synchronization signal block (SSB) / system information block (SIB), or based on a dedicated instruction sent to UE 501 by BS 504 (an example of the second device 320), etc. Details can be further described in the event triggering parameters below. Figure 5B As shown, an example of a geometry representing an environment according to some embodiments of this disclosure is illustrated. UE 501 is aware that BS 504 can provide geometry 505 to represent the perceived environment within region 503. UE 501 then sends a trigger to BS 504 to request perception information, and BS 504 accordingly sends geometry-based perception information to UE 501.

[0174] Event 3 could be an indication that the current geometry of the perceived target (e.g., the perceived environment or object) is inaccurate (e.g., performance degradation for assisting communication or other tasks). In one example, based on the current geometry (which may have been previously indicated by device 2 (e.g., BS),) the UE obtains estimated channel information, which can be used to estimate MIMO transmission parameters or assist other tasks. The UE can also perform channel estimation to obtain true channel information. If the difference between the true channel information and the channel information obtained through the geometry is large (e.g., greater than a threshold), it means that the current geometry is inaccurate. The UE then sends a trigger to the BS to request an updated geometry (i.e., the updated perceived information mentioned above). In another example, based on the current geometry, the UE can obtain one or more estimated beam directions between the UE and the BS. The UE can also perform measurements on a reference signal transmitted from the BS to perform beam estimation. If the difference between the beam direction estimated from the reference signal and the beam obtained through the geometry is large (e.g., greater than a threshold), the UE sends a trigger to the BS to request an updated geometry (i.e., updated perceived information). The aforementioned threshold can be configured, for example, in the event trigger parameters. Details of the event triggering parameters will be described below.

[0175] Event 4 could be that the current geometry of the perceived target (e.g., the perceived environment or an object) is outdated. For example, as... Figure 6 As shown, an example of an environment where the current geometry is outdated according to some embodiments of this disclosure is illustrated (object 602 is shown). There are timers for the validity of the geometry, or each geometry has a timer for its validity. If a timer for that geometry expires, UE 601 learns that the current geometry 603a is outdated, and subsequently, UE 601 sends a trigger to BS 604 to request an updated geometry 603b (i.e., the aforementioned updated perception information). A timer can be started when the corresponding geometry is received. In some examples, multiple timers may exist. If multiple timers exist (e.g., different timers for different geometries), that is, if one or more timers for the validity of a first or more geometries expire, the UE can send a trigger to the BS when all timers have expired or when one of the multiple timers has expired. The timers for the validity of the geometry can be pre-configured (e.g., configured in event trigger parameters), which will be described below. Figure 6 The current geometry in is as follows Figure 2 Examples of the first or more geometries mentioned in process 200.

[0176] Event 5 can be an indication that the current geometry of a perceived target (e.g., the perceived environment or object) is out of range. For example, if the distance between device 1 (e.g., UE) and the current geometry is large (e.g., greater than a threshold (i.e., a single distance threshold)), the UE will send a trigger to the BS to request an updated geometry (i.e., updated perception information). In some examples, multiple thresholds may exist, i.e., multiple distance thresholds. If multiple thresholds exist (e.g., different thresholds for different geometries), the UE can send a trigger to the BS when all geometries are out of range or when one of the multiple geometries is out of range.

[0177] As mentioned above, triggers for requesting sensing information or sensing information updates can be included in downlink / uplink / sidelink RRC signaling, MAC CE, or PHY signaling. For example, triggers can be included in synchronization signal blocks (SSB), system information blocks (SIB), RRC-specific signaling, UE-assistance information (UAI), or channels such as physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), DCI, and UCI.

[0178] The trigger for a device 1 (e.g., first device 220 or 310) to send a request for sensing information or updated sensing information to device 2 (e.g., second device 230 or 320) may be a request in itself, or optionally include the preferred geometry type used by device 1 and / or the maximum number of geometries for each geometry type. Examples are given, but are not limited to, the following examples.

[0179] In some examples, the trigger may include the geometry type preferred by device 1: {T 1 , T 2 ,…T K}, where K is the number of shape types, T k It is the first k There are 1 shape types, 1≤ k ≤K. In some examples, the shape type T kThis can be represented by an enumeration value, namely one of {SQUARE, CIRCLE, RECTANGLE, POLYGON, CUBE, SPHERE, ...}. If the above enumeration method is used, for example, a trigger including {SQUARE} means that device 1 prefers to use square geometry, and then the perception information from device 2 to device 1 will include square-based geometry. In some other examples, the index comes from a predefined or pre-indicated table (as shown in Table 1). If Table 1 is used, a trigger including {2, 3} means that device 1 prefers to use circular and rectangular geometry, and then the perception information from device 2 to device 1 will include circular-based geometry and rectangular-based geometry.

[0180] In some examples, the trigger may also include the maximum number of geometries for each geometry type preferred by device 1: {{T 1 M 1}, {T 2 M 2},…, {T K M K}}, where K is the number of shape types, T k It is the first k One shape type, M k Device 1 is for shape type T k The maximum number of preferred geometries, 1≤ k ≤K. If the trigger from device 1 to device 2 is used to request updated sensing information, the trigger may also include an event result that triggered the request. In some examples, the event result may include an area indication, such as the geographic area or tracking area that device 1 has entered, or the cell ID that device 1 has detected. Alternatively or additionally, in some examples, the event result may include performance losses (e.g., the difference between true channel information and channel information obtained through geometry, or the difference between the beam direction estimated from the reference signal and the beam obtained through geometry, etc.). Alternatively or additionally, in some examples, the event result may include the distance between device 1 and the current geometry.

[0181] Figure 7A Exemplary flows according to some embodiments of this disclosure are illustrated. In process 700-1, a first device 310 and a second device 320 are involved. The first device 310 may be an example of a first device 220 or device 1. The second device 320 may be an example of a second device 230 or device 2. Figure 7AAs shown, the second device 320 sends event trigger parameter 705a (701a) to the first device 310. The first device 310 receives event trigger parameter 705a (703a). The first device 310 sends trigger 725a (707a) to the second device 320 to request updated perception information 735a. The second device 320 receives trigger 725a (709a). Then, the second device 320 sends updated perception information 735a (711a) to the first device 310. The first device 310 receives updated perception information 735a (713a).

[0182] Figure 7B Another exemplary flow according to some embodiments of this disclosure is illustrated. In process 700-2, a first device 310 and a second device 320 are involved. The first device 310 may be an example of a first device 220 or device 1. The second device 320 may be an example of a second device 230 or device 2. Figure 7B As shown, the second device 320 sends (701b) event trigger parameter 705b to the first device 310. The first device 310 receives (703b) event trigger parameter 705b. The second device 320 sends (702b) sensing information 715b to the first device 310. The first device 310 receives (704b) sensing information 715b. The first device 310 sends (707b) a trigger 725b to the second device 320 to request updated sensing information 735b. The second device 320 receives (709b) trigger 725a. Then, the second device 320 sends (711b) updated sensing information 735b to the first device 310. The first device 310 receives (713b) updated sensing information 735b.

[0183] As mentioned above, before device 1 sends a trigger, it can receive event trigger parameters from device 2. For example, if device 1 is a UE and device 2 is a BS, the BS can broadcast / multicast / unicast relevant parameters to one or more UEs (including device 1). These relevant parameters (i.e., event trigger parameters) can be included in downlink / uplink / sidelink RRC signaling, MAC CE, or PHY signaling. For example, parameters can be included in control channels such as synchronization signal block (SSB), system information block (SIB), public / private RRC signaling, or PDCCH / DCI. Event trigger parameters can include: the event type of the trigger request, parameters related to the event, a flag indicating support for geometry-based perceptual representation, a threshold for triggering each event, a timer for the validity of the geometry, a distance for the validity of the geometry, a threshold for checking whether the current geometry is outside the range of device 1, etc. The received event trigger parameters can be one or more of the event trigger parameters listed above, or are not limited to those listed above.

[0184] In some examples, the event triggering parameter includes the event type used to trigger the request (e.g., event type A, event type B, event type C), where event type A / B / C can represent the previously described events (see events 1-5), such as entering an area with a geometry or an area with a geometry that device 1 prefers to use / supports, the current geometry becoming inaccurate, the current geometry being outdated, the current geometry being out of range, etc.

[0185] In some examples, event-triggered parameters include event-related parameters, such as the relationship between the region and supported geometries. The region can be a geographic region, a tracking region, a cell, or other predefined region. Two examples are given in Tables 2 and 3 below. Table 2 shows the relationship between a geographic region and one or more geometries. Table 3 shows the relationship between a tracking region and one or more geometries. Based on this relationship, when the UE enters a region, it will know that the BS can provide geometries to represent the perceived information within that region. Table 2: Relationship between geographical regions and geometric shapes

[0186] It should be noted that the coordinate systems in Table 2 can be global coordinates (geographic coordinate system, community coordinate system, etc.) or local coordinates (equipment coordinate system, coordinate system with reference point, etc.). The range is from (x... a ,y b ) to (x c ,y d ) indicates by (xa ,y b ), (x c ,y b ), (x c ,y d ) and (x a ,y d The rectangular area is defined by (). Other formats indicating the range of the area can also be used. Table 3: Relationship between tracking area and geometry

[0187] In some examples, the event-triggered parameters include a flag (or indication) indicating support for geometry-based perceived representation, and optionally, the supported geometry. For example, the BS may broadcast such a flag in the SSB / SIB or send a dedicated message with the flag to the UE. By detecting the flag, the UE learns that the BS is capable of providing geometry for representing the perceived environment in the current cell or at the current time.

[0188] In some examples, the event triggering parameters include thresholds for triggering each event, i.e., thresholds for evaluating whether the current geometry is good enough, such as thresholds for comparing the difference between real channel information and channel information obtained through geometry, thresholds for comparing the difference between beam direction estimated from a reference signal and beam obtained through geometry, etc.

[0189] In some examples, the event triggering parameters include one or more timers for the validity of the geometry. There can be timers for all current geometries, or each geometry can be configured with a timer for its validity. The timer can be started when the corresponding geometry is received.

[0190] In some examples, the event triggering parameters include a distance for the validity of the geometry, or a threshold for checking whether the current geometry is outside the range of device 1. There can be one threshold for all current geometries, or each geometry can be configured with its own threshold.

[0191] Some of the embodiments described above illustrate the interaction and processing flow between user equipment (UE) and base station (BS). Figure 1BThe exchange of information and protocol flows can also be used between other network nodes described herein, such as between ED and TRP, between ED and core network, between ED and ED, and between TRP and TRP. Some embodiments of this disclosure can also be applied to Wi-Fi, Ultra Wide Band (UWB), and other short-range communications. Then, in the flows described in some embodiments, BS can be replaced by access points (APs).

[0192] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating an exemplary method 800 implemented at a first device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 8 As shown, at block 810, the first device sends a trigger to request sensing information associated with a sensing target of the first device. At block 820, the first device receives the sensing information based on sending the trigger. Examples of the first device performing method 800 could be first device 220 or 310. The operations in method 800 performed by the first device can also refer to the embodiments mentioned in processes 200, 300-1, or 300-2 above. Some examples of the sensing targets of the first device described above can be found in... Figure 4A or Figure 4D Some examples of geometry-based representations of perceptual information can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 4B or Figure 4C or Figure 4E or Figure 4F .For example, Figure 4A The perceived target shown in the figure can be represented as Figure 4B The square or shown in the middle Figure 4C The circle shown in the figure. The first device involved in method 800 may be an example of the first device 220 or the first device 310 or device 1 mentioned in the other embodiments above.

[0193] Figure 9 A flowchart of an exemplary method 900 implemented at a second device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 9 As shown, at block 910, the second device receives a trigger for requesting sensing information associated with a sensing target of the first device. At block 920, the second device sends the sensing information based on the received trigger. Examples of the second device performing method 900 could be second device 230 or 320. The operations in method 900 performed by the second device can also refer to the embodiments mentioned in processes 200, 300-1, or 300-2 above. Some examples of the sensing targets of the first device described above can be found in... Figure 4A or Figure 4D Some examples of geometry-based representations of perceptual information can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 4B or Figure 4C or Figure 4E or Figure 4F .For example, Figure 4A The perceived target shown in the figure can be represented as Figure 4B The square or shown in the middle Figure 4C The circle shown in the figure. The second device involved in method 900 may be an example of the second device 230 or the second device 320 or device 2 mentioned in the other embodiments above.

[0194] This disclosure covers a variety of embodiments, including not only method embodiments but also other embodiments, such as apparatus embodiments and embodiments related to non-transitory computer-readable storage media. Embodiments may be incorporated individually or in combination with the features disclosed herein.

[0195] While this disclosure refers to illustrative embodiments, it is not intended to be construed as limiting. Those skilled in the art will recognize various modifications and combinations of the illustrative embodiments, as well as other embodiments of this disclosure, upon referring to this description.

[0196] Features disclosed herein in the context of any particular embodiment may be implemented additionally or alternatively in other embodiments. For example, method embodiments may be implemented additionally or alternatively in apparatus, system, and / or computer program product embodiments. Furthermore, although embodiments have been described primarily in the context of methods and apparatus, other implementations are contemplated, such as as instructions stored on one or more non-transitory computer-readable media. Such media may store programs or instructions to perform any of the various methods consistent with this disclosure.

[0197] Figure 10This is a block diagram of an apparatus that can be used to implement some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, apparatus 1000 may be an element of a communication network infrastructure, such as a base station (e.g., a NodeB, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB), a next-generation NodeB (sometimes referred to as a gNodeB or gNB)), a home subscriber server (HSS), a packet gateway (PGW), or a serving gateway (SGW), or various other nodes or functions in a core network (CN) or a Public Land Mobility Network (PLMN). In other embodiments, apparatus 1000 may be a device connected to network infrastructure via a wireless interface, such as a mobile phone, smartphone, or other device that can be classified as user equipment (UE). In some embodiments, apparatus 1000 may be a machine-type communications (MTC) device (also known as a machine-to-machine (M2M) device), or another such device that, although not providing direct service to a user, can still be classified as a UE. In some embodiments, device 1000 may be a roadside unit (RSU), a vehicle UE (V-UE), a pedestrian UE (P-UE), or an infrastructure UE (I-UE). In some scenarios, device 1000 may also be referred to as a mobile device, regardless of whether the device itself is designed to be mobile or capable of being mobile; this term is intended to refer to a device connected to a mobile network. A particular device may use all of the components shown or only a subset of said components, and the degree of integration between devices may vary. Furthermore, device 1000 may contain multiple instances of components, such as multiple processors, memories, transmitters, receivers, etc.

[0198] Device 1000 typically includes a processor 1002, such as a central processing unit (CPU), and may also include a dedicated processor (e.g., a graphics processing unit (GPU) or other processor), memory 1004, a network interface 1006, and a bus 1008 connecting the various components in device 1000. Device 1000 may also optionally include components such as a mass storage device 1010, a video adapter 1012, and an I / O interface 1016 (as shown by dashed lines).

[0199] Memory 1004 may include any type of non-transitory system memory that can be read by processor 1002, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), read-only memory (ROM), or combinations thereof. In one embodiment, memory 1004 may include more than one type of memory, such as ROM used at power-on and DRAM used to store programs and data during program execution. Bus 1008 may be one or more of several bus architectures of any type, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, or a video bus.

[0200] The device 1000 may also include one or more network interfaces 1006, which may include at least one of a wired network interface and a wireless network interface. For example... Figure 10 As shown, network interface 1006 may include a wired network interface for connecting to network 1022, and may also include a wireless access network interface 1020 for connecting to other devices via a wireless link. When device 1000 is a network infrastructure element, the wireless access network interface 1020 may be omitted for nodes or functions used as PLMN elements rather than elements at the wireless edge. When device 1000 is infrastructure located at the wireless edge of the network, both wired and wireless network interfaces may be included. When device 1000 is a wirelessly connected device (e.g., a user equipment), the wireless access network interface 1020 may be present, and other wireless interfaces such as a WiFi network interface may be used as supplements. Network interface 1006 enables device 1000 to communicate with remote entities (e.g., entities connected to network 1022).

[0201] Mass storage device 1010 may include any type of non-transitory storage device for storing data, programs, and other information, and making such data, programs, and other information accessible via bus 1008. Mass storage device 1010 may include one or more of solid-state drives, hard disk drives, disk drives, or optical disk drives. In some embodiments, mass storage device 1010 may be a remote device of device 1000 and may be accessed via a network interface such as interface 1006. In the illustrated embodiment, mass storage device 1010 differs from memory 1004, which includes mass storage devices, and typically performs storage tasks compatible with higher latency, but its volatility is generally low or nonexistent. In some embodiments, mass storage device 1010 may be integrated with heterogeneous memory 1004.

[0202] Optional video adapter 1012 and I / O interface 1016 (shown in dashed lines) provide interfaces for coupling device 1000 to external input and output devices. Examples of input and output devices include a display 1014 coupled to video adapter 1012 and an I / O device 1018 (e.g., a touchscreen) coupled to I / O interface 1016. Other devices may be coupled to device 1000, and more or fewer interfaces may be used. For example, a serial interface (not shown) such as Universal Serial Bus (USB) may be used to provide interfaces for external devices. Those skilled in the art will understand that in embodiments where device 1000 is part of a data center, I / O interface 1016 and video adapter 1012 may be virtualized and provided via network interface 1006.

[0203] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of an apparatus 1100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the device 1100 includes a transmitting unit 1102 and a receiving unit 1104. The device 1100 can be applied to applications such as... Figure 1AThe communication system shown can implement any of the methods provided in the foregoing embodiments. Optionally, the physical representation of device 1100 can be a communication device, such as a network device or a UE. Alternatively, device 1100 can be other devices that can implement the functions of a communication device, such as a processor or chip inside a communication device. Specifically, device 1100 can be some programmable chip, such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or a system on a chip (SOC).

[0204] In some embodiments, the sending unit 1102 may be configured to send a trigger for requesting sensing information associated with a sensing target of the first device. The receiving unit 1104 may be configured to receive sensing information based on the sending trigger.

[0205] In some other embodiments, the apparatus 1100 may include various other units or modules that can be used to perform various operations or functions described in conjunction with the above method embodiments. Details can be found in the detailed description of the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0206] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of an apparatus 1200 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. For example... Figure 12 As shown, the device 1200 includes a receiving unit 1202 and a transmitting unit 1204. The device 1200 can be applied to, for example... Figure 1A The communication system shown can implement any of the methods provided in the foregoing embodiments. Optionally, the physical representation of device 1200 can be a communication device, such as a network device or a UE. Alternatively, device 1200 can be other devices that can implement the functions of a communication device, such as a processor or chip inside a communication device. Specifically, device 1200 can be some programmable chip, such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or a system on a chip (SOC).

[0207] In some embodiments, the receiving unit 1202 may be configured to receive a trigger for requesting sensing information associated with a sensing target of the first device. The sending unit 1204 may be configured to send the sensing information based on the received trigger.

[0208] In some other embodiments, the apparatus 1200 may include various other units or modules that can be used to perform various operations or functions described in conjunction with the above method embodiments. Details can be found in the detailed description of the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0209] It should be noted that the division of units or modules in the above embodiments of this disclosure is exemplary and only represents a logical functional division. In actual implementation, other division methods may also be used. Furthermore, the functional units in the embodiments of this disclosure can be integrated into one processing unit, or they can exist physically independently, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0210] When an integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, the integrated unit can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of this disclosure, or all or part of these technical solutions, can be implemented in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for instructing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device) or processor to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of this disclosure. The aforementioned storage medium includes any medium capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, removable hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0211] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a computer program. When the computer program is run on a computer, it causes the computer to perform any of the methods provided in the above embodiments.

[0212] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. This computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a computer, it causes the computer to perform any of the methods provided in the above embodiments. The storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access. By way of example and not limitation, a computer-readable medium may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or another optical disc storage device, magnetic disk storage medium or another magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer.

[0213] Based on the above embodiments, this disclosure also provides a chip. This chip is used to read a computer program stored in a memory to implement any of the methods provided in the above embodiments.

[0214] Based on the above embodiments, this disclosure provides a chip system. The chip system includes a processor for supporting a computer device in implementing functions related to the communication device in the above embodiments. In one possible design, the chip system also includes a memory for storing programs and data necessary for the computer device. The chip system may include a chip, or it may include a chip and another discrete component.

[0215] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this disclosure may be provided in the form of a method, system, or computer program product. Therefore, this disclosure may take the form of a purely hardware embodiment, a purely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this disclosure may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) including computer-usable program code.

[0216] This disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of the methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products of this disclosure. It should be understood that computer program instructions can be used to implement each process and / or each block in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to generate a machine such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or another programmable data processing apparatus, generate means for implementing a specific function in one or more processes in the flowchart and / or one or more blocks in the block diagram.

[0217] These computer program instructions may alternatively be stored in a computer-readable storage medium capable of instructing a computer or another programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of art including instruction means. The instruction means implement a particular function in one or more processes in a flowchart and / or one or more boxes in a block diagram.

[0218] These computer program instructions may alternatively be loaded onto a computer or another programmable data processing device to perform a series of operations and steps on that computer or other programmable device, thereby generating a computer-implemented process. Therefore, the instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing one or more processes in a flowchart and / or one or more boxes in a block diagram.

[0219] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this disclosure without departing from its scope. Therefore, this disclosure is intended to cover such modifications and variations, provided they fall within the scope of the claims of this disclosure and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method comprising: Send a trigger to request sensing information associated with the sensing target of the first device; as well as Based on sending the trigger, the sensing information is received.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the trigger is sent based on one or more events, wherein the one or more events are associated with one or more geometries representing the perceived target.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the event in the one or more events includes one of the following: The first device enters a first region, where the representation of the perceived target based on the one or more geometries is supported in the first region; The first device enters a second region, in which a representation of the perceived target based on one or more geometries supported or preferred by the first device is supported; or The first or more geometries representing the sensed target of the first device are inaccurate before the trigger is sent.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first or more geometries are inaccurate under the following conditions: The difference between the original communication parameters of the first device and the communication parameters obtained based on the first one or more geometries is greater than a threshold.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein the first or more geometries are inaccurate under one or more of the following conditions: The first or more geometries are obsolete; or The first or more geometries are out of range.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the first or more geometries become obsolete under one of the following conditions: A single timer expires for the validity of the first one or more geometries; One or more timers, respectively, for the validity of the first or more geometries, expire; or The timer in one or more of the timers expires.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein the first or more geometries are out of range under one of the following conditions: The distance between the first device and a single geometry is greater than a single distance threshold, wherein the first one or more geometries include the single geometry; All distances between the first device and the plurality of geometries are greater than a single distance threshold, wherein the first one or more geometries include the plurality of geometries; Each of the multiple distances is greater than a corresponding distance threshold among a multiple distance thresholds for the first one or more geometries; or The distance among the plurality of distances is greater than the corresponding distance threshold among the plurality of distance thresholds.

8. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, further comprising: Receive one or more sets of event trigger parameters, wherein one set of event trigger parameters in the one or more sets is associated with an event used to send the trigger in one or more of the events.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the set of event triggering parameters includes one or more of the following: The type of the event in the one or more events; or One or more parameters associated with the event in the one or more events.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the one or more parameters include one or more of the following: The relationship between one or more regions and a set or more sets of geometry, wherein one set of geometry in the set or more sets of geometry is supported within the one or more regions; The indication that the representation of the perceived target based on the one or more geometries is supported; At least one threshold used to determine whether one of the one or more events has occurred; Information for at least one timer used to determine the validity of a first or more geometries representing the sensing target of the first device; or At least one threshold is used to determine whether the first one or more geometries are out of range.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the trigger comprises one or more of the following: The first device prefers or supports at least one type of one or more geometries; The maximum number of geometric shapes used to represent a type of geometry of the perceived target; Indication of the area that the first device has entered.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the trigger comprises one or more of the following: The difference between the original communication parameters of the first device and the communication parameters obtained based on the first one or more geometries; or One or more distances, wherein one of the one or more distances is the distance between the first device and one of the first or more geometries used to represent the sensing target.

13. The method according to claim 4 or 12, wherein the communication parameters include: Channel information; or Beam direction.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the perceived information comprises: First information, the first information indicating a set of geometric shapes that represent a type of geometric shape of the perceived target; or The second information indicates multiple sets of geometric shapes used to represent the perceived target, wherein the multiple sets of geometric shapes are associated with various types of geometric shapes.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the second information further indicates one or more of the following: The types of the various geometric shapes; or The number of each geometric shape in the multiple sets of geometric shapes.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the perceived information indicates: The third information is used to update at least a portion of the first or more geometries to obtain a second or more geometries.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the third information indicates one or more of the following: In addition to the first one or more geometries, add at least one geometry; Remove at least one geometry from the first one or more geometries; or Translate at least one of the first or more geometries.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the third information indicates translation of the at least one geometry by indicating one or more of the following: A translation vector, the translation vector being used to shift the first one or more geometries to obtain the second one or more geometries; The first plurality of translation vectors are used to shift the first one or more geometries to obtain the second one or more geometries respectively; The second plurality of translation vectors are used to shift at least one of the first one or more geometries to obtain the second one or more geometries.

19. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 18, wherein the one or more geometries comprise one or more of the following: A circle, indicated by its center point and radius; A circle, indicated by its center point, radius, and normal vector; A square, indicated by its center point and side lengths; A square, indicated by its center point, side lengths, and normal vector; A square or rectangle, indicated by four points or vertices; A square or rectangle, indicated by one vertex and two direction vectors; A polygon, indicated by a set of points or vertices; A sphere, indicated by its center point and radius; or A cube, indicated by eight points or vertices.

20. A method comprising: Receive a trigger for requesting sensing information associated with a sensing target of the first device; as well as Based on the received trigger, the sensing information is sent.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the trigger is received based on one or more events, wherein the one or more events are associated with one or more geometries representing the perceived target.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the event in the one or more events includes one of the following: The first device enters a first region, where the representation of the perceived target based on the one or more geometries is supported in the first region; The first device enters a second region, in which a representation of the perceived target based on one or more geometries supported or preferred by the first device is supported; or The first or more geometries representing the sensed target of the first device are inaccurate before the trigger is sent.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the first or more geometries are inaccurate under the following conditions: The difference between the original communication parameters of the first device and the communication parameters obtained based on the first one or more geometries is greater than a threshold.

24. The method of claim 22, wherein the first or more geometries are inaccurate under one or more of the following conditions: The first or more geometries are obsolete; or The first or more geometries are out of range.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the first or more geometries become obsolete under one of the following conditions: A single timer expires for the validity of the first one or more geometries; One or more timers, respectively, for the validity of the first or more geometries, expire; or The timer in one or more of the timers expires.

26. The method of claim 24, wherein the first or more geometries are out of range under one of the following conditions: The distance between the first device and a single geometry is greater than a single distance threshold, wherein the first one or more geometries include the single geometry; All distances between the first device and the plurality of geometries are greater than a single distance threshold, wherein the first one or more geometries include the plurality of geometries; Each of the multiple distances is greater than a corresponding distance threshold among a multiple distance thresholds for the first one or more geometries; or One of the plurality of distances is greater than the corresponding distance threshold among the plurality of distance thresholds.

27. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 26, further comprising: Send one or more sets of event trigger parameters, wherein one set of event trigger parameters in the one or more sets is associated with the event used to send the trigger in one or more of the events.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein the set of event triggering parameters includes one or more of the following: The type of the event in the one or more events; or One or more parameters associated with the event in the one or more events.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the one or more parameters include one or more of the following: The relationship between one or more regions and a set or more sets of geometry, wherein one set of geometry in the set or more sets of geometry is supported in one of the one or more regions; The indication that the representation of the perceived target based on the one or more geometries is supported; At least one threshold used to determine whether one of the one or more events has occurred; Information for at least one timer used to determine the validity of a first or more geometries representing the sensing target of the first device; or At least one threshold is used to determine whether the first one or more geometries are out of range.

30. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 29, wherein the trigger comprises one or more of the following: The first device prefers or supports at least one type of one or more geometries; The maximum number of geometric shapes used to represent a type of geometry of the perceived target; Indication of the area that the first device has entered.

31. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 30, wherein the trigger comprises one or more of the following: The difference between the original communication parameters of the first device and the communication parameters obtained based on the first one or more geometries; or One or more distances, wherein one of the one or more distances is the distance between the first device and one of the first or more geometries used to represent the sensing target.

32. The method according to claim 23 or 31, wherein the communication parameters include: Channel information; or Beam direction.

33. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 32, wherein the perceived information comprises: First information, the first information indicating a set of geometric shapes that represent a type of geometric shape of the perceived target; or The second information indicates multiple sets of geometric shapes used to represent the perceived target, wherein the multiple sets of geometric shapes are associated with various types of geometric shapes.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein the second information further indicates one or more of the following: The types of the various geometric shapes; or The number of each geometric shape in the multiple sets of geometric shapes.

35. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 34, wherein the perceived information indicates: The third information is used to update at least a portion of the first or more geometries to obtain a second or more geometries.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein the third information indicates one or more of the following: In addition to the first one or more geometries, add at least one geometry; Remove at least one geometry from the first one or more geometries; or Translate at least one of the first or more geometries.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein the third information indicates translation of the at least one geometry by indicating one or more of the following: A translation vector, the translation vector being used to shift the first one or more geometries to obtain the second one or more geometries; The first plurality of translation vectors are used to shift the first one or more geometries to obtain the second one or more geometries respectively; The second plurality of translation vectors are used to shift at least one of the first one or more geometries to obtain the second one or more geometries.

38. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 37, wherein the one or more geometries comprise one or more of the following: A circle, indicated by its center point and radius; A circle, indicated by its center point, radius, and normal vector; A square, indicated by its center point and side lengths; A square, indicated by its center point, side lengths, and normal vector; A square or rectangle, indicated by four points or vertices; A square or rectangle, indicated by one vertex and two direction vectors; A polygon, indicated by a set of points or vertices; A sphere, indicated by its center point and radius; or A cube, indicated by eight points or vertices.

39. A communication device configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 19 or claims 20 to 38.

40. The communication device according to claim 39, comprising: The sending unit is configured to send a trigger for requesting sensing information associated with a sensing target of the first device; as well as The receiving unit is configured to receive the sensing information based on sending the trigger.

41. The communication device according to claim 39, comprising: The receiving unit is configured to receive a trigger for requesting sensing information associated with a sensing target of the first device; as well as The sending unit is configured to send the sensing information based on the received trigger.

42. The communication device according to claim 39, comprising: One or more processors; The interface circuit is configured to send a trigger for requesting sensing information associated with a sensing target of the first device; And receive the sensing information based on sending the trigger.

43. The communication device according to claim 39, comprising: One or more processors; The interface circuit is configured to receive a trigger for requesting sensing information associated with a sensing target of the first device; And based on receiving the trigger, send the sensing information.

44. The communication device according to claim 42 or 43, wherein the interface circuitry comprises one or more transceivers.

45. An apparatus comprising: One or more processors; as well as A memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 19 or claims 20 to 38.

46. ​​A communication system, wherein the communication system comprises: A first communication device is configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 19; as well as The second communication device is configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 20 to 38.

47. A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by a device, cause the device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 19 or claims 20 to 38.

48. A computer program product storing instructions that, when executed, cause a device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 19 or 20 to 38.

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