Wind driven generator blade anti-icing coating structure based on reversible thermochromic material

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wind driven generator blade anti-icing coating structure based on a reversible thermochromic material, and relates to the technical field of thermochromic coatings. The fan blade comprises a heat discoloration coating, a wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating is arranged on the surface of the heat discoloration coating, an anti-oxidation layer is arranged below the heat discoloration coating, and the wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating, the heat discoloration coating and the anti-oxidation layer are sequentially and uniformly coated on the surface of the whole fan blade. The thermochromic coating shows different colors according to the temperature change of the environment, in the icing seasons such as winter and spring, the temperature is low, the coating shows a dark color and absorbs solar radiation to increase the temperature of the blade, the anti-icing effect is achieved in the early icing stage, and ice melting can be accelerated in the ice melting stage; the coating is colorless and transparent in summer, autumn and other non-icing seasons, the air temperature is high, the temperature of the blade cannot be increased too high, the construction process is simple, the original pneumatic performance of the fan blade is not changed, and the effect of indicating low temperature can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of thermochromic coatings, in particular to an anti-icing coating structure for a wind turbine blade based on a reversible thermochromic material. Background Art

[0002] Wind turbine blades are often covered with ice in winter and spring when the ambient temperature is below 0°C. The blade load increases with the thickness of the ice layer, and the inertial force may cause high-amplitude vibration of the blades. In extreme cases, it may cause partial damage or even collapse of the wind tower.

[0003] Icing can cause changes in the airfoil of wind turbine blades, thereby affecting the flow field around the blades and severely reducing the aerodynamic characteristics of the blades, leading to serious power loss in the unit, reduced power generation efficiency, and reduced output, thus affecting the economic benefits of the wind power plant.

[0004] Among the existing wind turbine blade anti-icing technologies, the electric heating anti-icing method is widely used. The heating elements installed on the leading edge of the wind turbine blades not only consume a lot of energy, but also change the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine blades and affect the wind turbine output. In addition, the anti-icing process requires the intervention of operation and maintenance personnel, which is a passive anti-icing method.

[0005] Therefore, a new solution to the above problems needs to be proposed. Utility Model Content

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an anti-icing coating structure for wind turbine blades based on reversible thermochromic materials to address the above-mentioned technical problems. The thermochromic coating presents different colors according to the temperature changes of the environment. In icing seasons such as winter and spring, the temperature is low and the coating is dark, which absorbs solar radiation to increase the temperature of the blades. It plays an anti-icing role in the early stage of icing and can accelerate ice melting in the ice melting stage. In non-icing seasons such as summer and autumn, the temperature is high and the coating is colorless and transparent, which will not cause excessive temperature rise of the blades.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0008] The anti-icing coating structure of a wind turbine blade based on a reversible thermochromic material includes a wind turbine blade 1 and a thermochromic coating 3. The surface of the thermochromic coating 3 is provided with a wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating 4, and an anti-oxidation layer 2 is provided under the thermochromic coating 3. The wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating 4, the thermochromic coating 3, and the anti-oxidation layer 2 are uniformly coated on the entire surface of the wind turbine blade 1 in sequence, and the thermochromic coating 3 can change according to the temperature of the environment.

[0009] Furthermore, the wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating 4 is composed of hydrophobic silicon dioxide powder and fluorocarbon resin, and the thickness of the wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating 4 is 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the anti-oxidation layer 2 is made of colorless and transparent epoxy coating, and the thickness of the anti-oxidation layer 2 is 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the thermochromic coating 3 comprises a reversible thermochromic material and a diluent, and the thickness of the thermochromic coating is 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the reversible thermochromic material is made of temperature-changing powder, and the color changing temperature of the temperature-changing powder should be in the range of 0 to 10°C.

[0013] Furthermore, the temperature-changing powder is a 5°C temperature-changing powder, which is colorless when the ambient temperature is higher than 5°C and dark when the ambient temperature is lower than 5°C.

[0014] Furthermore, the diluent is a colorless and transparent water-based varnish.

[0015] Furthermore, the amount of the temperature-changing powder is 10-20% of the mass of the diluent.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] When the ambient temperature is high in non-icing seasons such as summer and autumn, the color-changing coating in the utility model is colorless and transparent, and does not absorb additional energy from the sunlight to cause excessive temperature rise of the wind turbine blades, thereby damaging the life of the blades. When the ambient temperature is low in icing seasons such as winter and spring, the thermochromic coating is dark in color and can absorb more heat from the sunlight to increase the blade temperature, thereby playing an anti-icing role in the early stage of icing. In the ice melting stage, the heat absorbed by the thermochromic coating can accelerate the shedding speed of transparent or translucent ice such as rime and mixed rime. In addition, the construction process is simple, does not change the original aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine blades, and can also play a role in indicating low temperature, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively understand the blade surface temperature, reasonably formulate operation and maintenance strategies, and provide more options for wind turbine anti-icing methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for describing the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the layered three-dimensional structure of the anti-icing coating of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the anti-icing coating of the utility model.

[0021] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0022] 1. Fan blades; 2. Anti-oxidation layer; 3. Thermochromic coating; 4. Wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 2 The anti-icing coating structure of a wind turbine blade based on a reversible thermochromic material includes a wind turbine blade 1 and a thermochromic coating 3. A wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating 4 is provided on the surface of the thermochromic coating 3. An anti-oxidation layer 2 is provided under the thermochromic coating 3. The wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating 4, the thermochromic coating 3, and the anti-oxidation layer 2 are uniformly coated on the entire surface of the wind turbine blade 1 in sequence. The thermochromic coating 3 can change according to the temperature of the environment.

[0025] The wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating 4 is composed of hydrophobic silicon dioxide powder and fluorocarbon resin, and the thickness of the wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating 4 is 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm.

[0026] The anti-oxidation layer 2 is made of colorless and transparent epoxy paint, and the thickness of the anti-oxidation layer 2 is 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm.

[0027] The thermochromic coating 3 includes a reversible thermochromic material and a diluent, and the thickness of the thermochromic coating is 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm.

[0028] The material of the reversible thermochromic material is temperature-changing powder, and the color-changing temperature of the temperature-changing powder should be in the range of 0 to 10°C.

[0029] Thermostatic powder is a 5℃ temperature-changing powder. It is colorless when the ambient temperature is higher than 5℃ and dark when the ambient temperature is lower than 5℃.

[0030] The diluent is a colorless, transparent water-based varnish.

[0031] The amount of the temperature-changing powder used is 10-20% of the mass of the diluent.

[0032] The thermochromic coating 3 can present different colors according to the temperature change of the environment. When the ambient temperature is high in non-icing seasons such as summer and autumn, the thermochromic coating 3 is colorless and transparent, and does not absorb additional energy from the sun to cause excessive temperature rise of the wind turbine blade 1, thereby damaging the life of the blade. When the ambient temperature is low in icing seasons such as winter and spring, the thermochromic coating 3 is dark in color and can absorb more heat from the sun to increase the temperature of the blade 1, thereby playing an anti-icing role in the early stage of icing. In addition, in the ice melting stage, the heat absorbed by the thermochromic coating 3 can accelerate the shedding speed of transparent or translucent icing such as rime and mixed rime. The construction process is simple, does not change the original aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine blade 1, and can also play a role in indicating low temperature, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively understand the surface temperature of the blade and reasonably formulate operation and maintenance strategies.

[0033] The anti-oxidation layer 2 is coated between the thermochromic coating 3 and the fan blade 1, which can prevent the oxidation of the blade 1 and isolate the blade 1 from the thermochromic coating 3, thereby extending the life of the blade 1. The anti-oxidation layer 2 is made of a transparent colorless epoxy coating with good mechanical properties and chemical resistance, and the coating and the curing agent are modulated at a weight ratio of 10:1. A high-pressure airless spraying method is used to control the spraying distance and spraying angle of the spray gun to form a uniform anti-oxidation layer with a thickness of about 0.3mm to 0.6mm on the surface of the wind turbine blade.

[0034] After the anti-oxidation layer 2 is sprayed, the thermochromic coating 3 is coated after being cooled at room temperature for 24 hours.

[0035] The reversible thermochromic material used in the thermochromic coating 3 is a microencapsulated 5°C reversible temperature-changing powder. The diluent is a colorless and transparent water-based varnish whose main components are resin and acrylic acid. The amount of the temperature-changing powder is 15% of the mass of the diluent. The surface of the microencapsulated 5°C reversible temperature-changing powder particles is coated with a transparent shell with a thickness of about 0.2 to 0.5 μm, which can protect the thermochromic components therein from being eroded by other chemical substances, ensure the stability of the reversible color-changing properties of the powder during use, and help maintain the anti-icing effect. The water-based varnish has good flexibility, and has the advantages of water resistance, wear resistance, aging resistance, yellowing resistance, fast drying, and environmental protection. The thermal expansion coefficient of acrylic acid is small and anisotropic, with high adhesion and good weather resistance.

[0036] The coating process of the thermochromic coating 3 adopts a uniform brushing method, which is completed in 3 to 5 times. The final thickness of the thermochromic coating 3 is 0.3mm to 0.6mm: 5℃ reversible temperature-changing powder and diluent are mixed in a ratio of 3:20, and brushing is performed immediately after stirring evenly. After the first brushing is completed, it is allowed to stand and cool at room temperature for 24 hours. After the coating is dry and fixed, the above steps are repeated 3-5 times. It is not advisable to apply too much each time to ensure that the thermochromic material is evenly distributed and sufficient.

[0037] After the thermochromic coating 3 is applied, the wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating 4 is applied after being cooled at room temperature for 24 hours.

[0038] The abrasive super-hydrophobic coating 4 is composed of hydrophobic silica powder and fluorocarbon resin, which is used to prevent oxidation and corrosion of the thermochromic coating 3. At the same time, the super-hydrophobic coating has a beneficial effect on the anti-icing and de-icing processes of wind turbine blades. The wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating 4 is coated by a high-pressure airless spraying process: take hydrophobic silica powder and anhydrous ethanol in a mass ratio of 1:8 in a container, stir evenly for 5 minutes, then add fluorocarbon resin and butyl acetate in a mass ratio of 5:1, and stir for another 5 minutes, and finally obtain a uniformly dispersed mixed solution, pour it into the spray pot of the spray gun for multiple spraying, and finally form the required colorless and transparent wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating with a thickness of 0.3mm to 0.6mm.

[0039] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the utility model disclosed above are only used to help explain the utility model. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the utility model, so that technicians in the relevant technical field can well understand and use the utility model. The utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A wind turbine blade anti-icing coating structure based on a reversible thermochromic material, comprising a wind turbine blade (1), characterized in that: The invention also comprises a thermochromic coating (3), wherein the surface of the thermochromic coating (3) is provided with a wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating (4), and an anti-oxidation layer (2) is provided below the thermochromic coating (3). The wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating (4), the thermochromic coating (3), and the anti-oxidation layer (2) are uniformly coated on the surface of the entire fan blade (1) in sequence, and the thermochromic coating (3) can change according to the temperature of the environment.

2. The anti-icing coating structure for wind turbine blades based on reversible thermochromic materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wear-resistant super-hydrophobic coating (4) has a thickness of 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm.

3. The anti-icing coating structure for wind turbine blades based on reversible thermochromic materials according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The thickness of the anti-oxidation layer (2) is 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm.

4. The anti-icing coating structure for wind turbine blades based on reversible thermochromic materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thickness of the thermochromic coating is 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm.

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