Antenna device for electronically controlling third-order phase shifter and third-order phase shifter
Through electronically controlled third-order phase shifter, the control signal is changed by using the electronic control unit to realize the adjustment of the 360° full-circumference beam angle, solving the problems of space occupied by multiple devices and manual adjustment in the prior art, achieving a larger coverage and Automatic adjustments.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420975627.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-08
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-31
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing array antennas require multiple antenna devices to achieve 360° full-circumference radiation field beam angle adjustment, and the first-order phase shifter can only adjust the beam angle of ±20°, resulting in the equipment occupying a large space and the power supply circuit cannot Automatically adjust the output voltage, and manual operation is required to remove the adjustment.
Using electronically controlled third-order phase shifters, through several third-order phase shifters, array antennas, electronic control units and power distribution networks, the electronic control units are used to change the control signal, realize third-order phase shifting, and reduce the array required by the antenna device. The number of antennas and space occupies, and the beam angle is automatically adjusted through the electronic control unit.
The 360° full-circumference beam angle adjustment is achieved, which reduces the space requirements of the antenna device, and automatically adjusts the beam angle through the electronic control unit, avoiding the steps of manual operation to remove adjustment.
Smart Images
Figure CN222282244U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to an antenna device, in particular to an antenna device with an electronically controlled third-order phase shifter and the third-order phase shifter. Background Art
[0002] The array antenna includes multiple antennas, and the beam of the array antenna radiation pattern can be adjusted to achieve the purpose of gain or improving directivity.
[0003] A varactor-loaded Schiffman phase shiffer is used as a first-order phase shifter of an array antenna. By changing the DC voltage input to the first-order phase shifter, the beam angle of the radiation pattern of the array antenna can be changed.
[0004] Existing array antennas can only achieve first-order phase shift using first-order phase shifters, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, its phase delay angle is 120∘. If it is necessary to change the beam angle of the radiation pattern of the array antenna in the space around the array antenna for 360∘, the antenna device configured with the array antenna needs to be configured with multiple array antennas. Different array antennas project radio waves in different azimuth ranges, so that the antenna device must occupy a larger space, and the first-order phase shifter can adjust the beam angle range of the field beam of the array antenna transmitting signal to within the range of ±20∘.
[0005] The power supply circuit of the array antenna that uses the input voltage to control the first-order phase shifter cannot automatically adjust the output voltage, and the array antenna must be removed manually for adjustment. Summary of the invention
[0006] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide an antenna device of an electronically controlled third-order phase shifter and a third-order phase shifter.
[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions.
[0008] An antenna device with an electronically controlled third-order phase shifter includes several third-order phase shifters, an array antenna, an electronic control unit and a power distribution network, wherein the array antenna is mainly composed of several antenna elements arranged in an array, each antenna element is coupled to at least one third-order phase shifter, each third-order phase shifter is mainly composed of a first phase shifter, a second phase shifter and a third phase shifter connected in series in sequence, each third-order phase shifter is respectively coupled to a radio frequency signal input end and a radio frequency signal output end, each radio frequency signal input end is respectively coupled to the power distribution network, each third-order phase shifter is respectively coupled to the array antenna in parallel through each radio frequency signal output end, so that the power distribution network feeds an input radio frequency signal to each third-order phase shifter through each radio frequency signal input end, and each third-order phase shifter feeds an output radio frequency signal to the array antenna through each radio frequency signal output end.
[0009] Each of the three-order phase shifters is connected in parallel to the electronic control unit, so that the electronic control unit controls the control signal input to each of the three-order phase shifters.
[0010] The main effect and advantage of the utility model is that the control signal input to each third-order phase shifter can be changed by the electronic control unit, thereby changing the beam angle of the radiation field of the array antenna, and using each third-order phase shifter to achieve third-order phase shifting, thereby reducing the number of array antennas that need to be configured in the antenna device and reducing the space required for the antenna device.
[0011] Another object of the present invention is to transmit control signals to each third-order phase shifter through an electronic control unit, so that the array antenna does not need to be removed for adjustment during the process of changing the beam angle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 It is a system architecture diagram of controlling horizontal polarization field beams in a preferred embodiment of the utility model.
[0013] Figure 2 It is a circuit diagram of a third-order phase shifter of a preferred embodiment of the utility model.
[0014] Figure 3 It is a comparison diagram of phase delay curves of a third-order phase shifter and a first-order phase shifter according to a preferred embodiment of the utility model.
[0015] Figure 4 This is another comparison diagram of the phase delay curves of the third-order phase shifter and the first-order phase shifter of the preferred embodiment of the utility model.
[0016] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of a circuit board configured with a third-order phase shifter and an array antenna according to a preferred embodiment of the utility model.
[0017] Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of the layout of a circuit board configured with a third-order phase shifter in a preferred embodiment of the utility model.
[0018] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of the array antenna configured on the circuit board of the preferred embodiment of the utility model.
[0019] Fig. 8A This is a horizontal polarization pattern diagram of the radiation direction of the beam control array with a beam angle of 0° in a preferred embodiment of the utility model.
[0020] Figure 8B This is a vertical polarization pattern diagram of the radiation direction of the beam control array with a beam angle of 0° in a preferred embodiment of the utility model.
[0021] Fig. 9A This is a horizontal polarization pattern diagram of the radiation direction of the beam control array with a beam angle of 45° in a preferred embodiment of the utility model.
[0022] Fig. 9B This is a vertical polarization pattern diagram of the radiation direction of the beam control array with a beam angle of 45° in a preferred embodiment of the utility model.
[0023] Fig. 10A This is a horizontal polarization pattern diagram of the radiation direction of the beam control array with a beam angle of -45° in a preferred embodiment of the utility model.
[0024] Fig. 10B This is a vertical polarization pattern diagram of the radiation direction of the beam control array with a beam angle of -45° in a preferred embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] A preferred embodiment of the antenna device of the utility model electronically controlled three-order phase shifter is as follows Figures 1 to 10B However, these embodiments are only for illustration purposes and are not limited to the preferred embodiments in the patent application.
[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a preferred embodiment of the antenna device of the electronically controlled third-order phase shifter comprises a plurality of third-order phase shifters 10, an array antenna 20, an electronic control unit 30 and a power distribution network 40, wherein the array antenna 20 is mainly composed of a plurality of antenna elements 22 arranged in an array, each antenna element 22 is respectively coupled to at least one third-order phase shifter 10, each third-order phase shifter 10 is respectively mainly composed of a first phase shifter 11, a second phase shifter 12 and a third phase shifter 13 connected in series in sequence, each first phase shifter 11, each second phase shifter 12 and each third phase shifter 13 is respectively composed of a variable capacitance load Schiffman phase shifter Each third-order phase shifter 10 is respectively coupled to a radio frequency signal input terminal 14 and a radio frequency signal output terminal 15, each radio frequency signal input terminal 14 is respectively coupled to a power distribution network 40, each third-order phase shifter 10 is respectively coupled to the array antenna 20 in parallel through each radio frequency signal output terminal 15, so that the power distribution network 40 feeds an input radio frequency signal to each third-order phase shifter 10 through each radio frequency signal input terminal 14, and each third-order phase shifter 10 feeds an output radio frequency signal to the array antenna 20 through each radio frequency signal output terminal 15, so that each third-order phase shifter 10 controls the field beam of the signal transmitted by the array antenna 20, Figure 1 A system architecture for controlling a horizontally polarized beam pattern is shown in accordance with a preferred embodiment.
[0027] The array antenna 20 and the power distribution network 40 are prior arts familiar to those skilled in the art in the field of the present invention, and the specific structures of the array antenna 20 and the power distribution network 40 are not described in detail.
[0028] Each of the three-order phase shifters 10 is connected in parallel to an electronic control unit 30, so that the electronic control unit 30 controls a control signal input to each of the three-order phase shifters 10. The control signal is any electronic signal selected from a DC voltage, a current, a magnetic field, a low-frequency signal, a high-frequency signal, a signal phase, an electromagnetic signal, and a pulse.
[0029] When the control signal input to each of the three-stage phase shifters 10 by the electronic control unit 30 is a DC voltage, the phase delay curve is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 3 The horizontal axis is the voltage value of the control signal input by the electronic control unit 30, in volts, and the vertical axis is the phase delay, in degrees. Figure 3 The continuous line represents the frequency of 3.3 GHz, the dotted line represents the frequency of 3.5 GHz, the one-dot chain line represents the frequency of 3.8 GHz, and the two-dot chain line represents the phase delay curve of the first-order phase shifter at a frequency of 3.5 GHz. Figure 4 The horizontal axis is the capacitance value of the third-order phase shifter 10, in picofarads (pF), and the vertical axis is the phase delay, in degrees. Figure 4The phase delay curve of the third-order phase shifter 10 is represented by a continuous line, and the phase delay curve of the first-order phase shifter is represented by a dot-chain line.
[0030] Fig. 8A , Fig. 9A , Fig. 10A The horizontal polarization pattern diagrams of the beam steering array radiation direction at different beam angles are illustrated respectively. Figure 8B , Fig. 9B , Fig. 10B The vertical polarization field diagrams of the beam steering array radiation direction at different beam angles are respectively illustrated, where the unit along the circumferential direction is angle and the unit along the diameter direction is dB. FIG. 8A to FIG. 10B In the figure, the continuous line represents a frequency of 3.3 GHz, the dashed line represents a frequency of 3.5 GHz, and the dotted line represents a frequency of 3.8 GHz.
[0031] The electronic control unit 30 changes the control signal input to each third-order phase shifter 10, which can change the beam angle of the radiation pattern of the array antenna 20. The third-order phase shifter 10 is used to achieve the third-order phase shift. The phase delay angle of the third-order phase shifter 10 can vary by 360°. When it is necessary to change the beam angle of the radiation pattern of the surrounding space of the array antenna 20 for 360∘, the number of array antennas 20 required to be configured in the preferred embodiment can be reduced, and the space required for the preferred embodiment can be reduced. The third-order phase shifter 10 can change the beam angle of the radiation pattern of the array antenna 20 to ±45°. Compared with the first-order phase shifter, the antenna beam angle varies to ±20°, and the coverage area of the utility model is larger.
[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the electronic control unit 30 includes a microprocessor 32, a memory 34 and a control signal generating circuit 36, wherein the memory 34 and the control signal generating circuit 36 are electrically connected to the microprocessor 32 respectively, the control signal generating circuit 36 is coupled to each third-order phase shifter 10, the memory 34 is selected to be composed of a read-only memory medium or an erasable memory medium, the memory 34 stores a lookup table (Lookup Table), the lookup table includes a plurality of control messages respectively bound by different beam angles, the microprocessor 32 runs a program, and obtains corresponding control messages from the lookup table according to the needs of the beam angle. The microprocessor 32 transmits corresponding electronic messages to the control signal generating circuit 36 according to the control messages, and the control signal generating circuit 36 generates a control signal accordingly, and transmits corresponding control signals to each third-order phase shifter 10 respectively, thereby controlling the beam angle of the radiation field of the array antenna 20.
[0033] The electronic control unit 30 is selectively coupled to a human-machine interface unit 50, and the human-machine interface unit 50 is coupled to the microprocessor 32. The user can choose to operate the human-machine interface unit 50 to send instructions to the microprocessor 32, and the microprocessor 32 runs the program according to the instructions to control the beam angle of the radiation field of the array antenna 20 accordingly.
[0034] The electronic control unit 30 transmits control signals to each third-order phase shifter 10. The control signal can be automatically adjusted based on the result of the microprocessor 32 running the program, or the user can operate the human-machine interface unit 50 to control the control signal transmitted by the electronic control unit 30. During the process of adjusting the beam angle, there is no need to remove the array antenna 20 for adjustment.
[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, each RF signal input terminal 14 is respectively coupled to each first phase shifting part 11 constituting each third-order phase shifter 10, and a first DC isolation capacitor 16 is coupled between each RF signal input terminal 14 and the first phase shifting part 11 coupled thereto, respectively. Each RF signal output terminal 15 is respectively coupled to each third phase shifting part 13 constituting each third-order phase shifter 10 and the array antenna 20, and a second DC isolation capacitor 17 is coupled between each RF signal output terminal 15 and the third phase shifting part 13 coupled thereto, respectively. A plurality of control signal input terminals 18 are respectively coupled to each third-order phase shifter 10 and the electronic control unit 30, and the electronic control unit 30 transmits a control signal to each third-order phase shifter 10 through each control signal input terminal 18.
[0036] Each control signal input terminal 18 selectively couples to each third phase shifter 13 and the electronic control unit 30 constituting each third-order phase shifter 10, respectively. Each control signal input terminal 18 can be replaced by selectively coupling to each first phase shifter 11 and the electronic control unit 30 constituting each third-order phase shifter 10. Each control signal input terminal 18 can also be replaced by selectively coupling to each second phase shifter 12 and the electronic control unit 30 constituting each third-order phase shifter 10, thereby constituting a modified embodiment based on a variation of the preferred embodiment.
[0037] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, each third-order phase shifter 10 and the power distribution network 40 are selected to be laid out with a microstrip line composed of conductive material on a circuit board 60 to form a phase shift layer 62, and the array antenna 20 is selected to be laid out with a microstrip line composed of conductive material on the circuit board 60 to form an antenna layer 64. The phase shift layer 62 is formed on one side of the circuit board 60 in the thickness direction, and the antenna layer 64 is formed on the other side of the circuit board 60 in the thickness direction. A grounding layer 66 is formed inside the circuit board 60, and the grounding layer 66 is located between the phase shift layer 62 and the antenna layer 64. Each first phase shifter 11, each second phase shifter 12, and each third phase shifter 13 are respectively coupled to the grounding layer 66 to form a ground. A plurality of transmission parts 68 composed of conductive material are respectively located inside the circuit board 60, and each transmission part 68 is respectively coupled to each third-order phase shifter 10 and the array antenna 20. Figure 6 Two phase shifting units 63 are shown for respectively controlling the beam angles of the array antenna 20 to form horizontal polarization patterns and vertical polarization patterns.
[0038] Each third-order phase shifter 10, power distribution network 40 and array antenna 20 is laid out on a circuit board 60 using microstrip lines made of conductive material, which can effectively reduce the space requirement of the overall device and improve the stability of each third-order phase shifter 10, power distribution network 40 and array antenna 20 in signal transmission.
Claims
1. An antenna device with an electronically controlled third-order phase shifter, characterized in that The invention comprises a plurality of third-order phase shifters, an array antenna, an electronic control unit and a power distribution network, wherein the array antenna is mainly composed of a plurality of antenna arrays, each antenna array is respectively coupled to at least one third-order phase shifter, each third-order phase shifter is respectively mainly composed of a first phase shifter, a second phase shifter and a third phase shifter connected in series in sequence, each third-order phase shifter is respectively coupled to a radio frequency signal input terminal and a radio frequency signal output terminal, each radio frequency signal input terminal is respectively coupled to the power distribution network, each third-order phase shifter is respectively coupled to the array antenna in parallel through each radio frequency signal output terminal, the power distribution network feeds an input radio frequency signal to each third-order phase shifter through each radio frequency signal input terminal, and each third-order phase shifter feeds an output radio frequency signal to the array antenna through each radio frequency signal output terminal; Each of the three-order phase shifters is connected in parallel and is respectively coupled to an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit controls a control signal input to each of the three-order phase shifters.
2. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein the electronically controlled third-order phase shifter is characterized in that Each third-order phase shifter, power distribution network and array antenna are respectively arranged on a circuit board with microstrip lines made of conductive materials. Each third-order phase shifter and power distribution network are formed on one side of the circuit board in the thickness direction, and the array antenna is formed on the other side of the circuit board in the thickness direction. A ground layer is formed inside the circuit board, and each third-order phase shifter is respectively coupled to the ground layer.
3. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein the electronically controlled third-order phase shifter is characterized in that The electronic control unit includes a microprocessor, a memory and a control signal generating circuit, wherein the memory and the control signal generating circuit are electrically connected to the microprocessor respectively, the control signal generating circuit is coupled to each third-order phase shifter, the memory stores a lookup table, the lookup table includes a plurality of control messages respectively bound by different beam angles, the microprocessor runs a program, obtains the corresponding control message from the lookup table, and transmits the corresponding electronic message to the control signal generating circuit according to the control message.
4. The antenna device of claim 3, wherein the electronically controlled third-order phase shifter is characterized in that The microprocessor is coupled to a human-machine interface unit.
5. The antenna device of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The control signal is any electronic signal selected from direct current voltage, current, magnetic field, low frequency signal, high frequency signal, signal phase, electromagnetic signal and pulse.
6. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein the electronically controlled third-order phase shifter is characterized in that Each RF signal input terminal is respectively coupled to each first phase shifting part constituting each third-order phase shifter, each RF signal input terminal is respectively coupled to a first DC isolation capacitor between the first phase shifting part coupled thereto, each RF signal output terminal is respectively coupled to each third phase shifting part constituting each third-order phase shifter and an array antenna, each RF signal output terminal is respectively coupled to a second DC isolation capacitor between the third phase shifting part coupled thereto, and a plurality of control signal input terminals are respectively coupled to each third-order phase shifter and an electronic control unit.
7. A third-order phase shifter, used to constitute the antenna device of the electronically controlled third-order phase shifter as claimed in claim 1; The third-order phase shifter is characterized in that It is mainly composed of a first phase shifter, a second phase shifter and a third phase shifter connected in series in sequence, a radio frequency signal input end is coupled to the first phase shifter, and a first DC isolation capacitor is coupled between the radio frequency signal input end and the first phase shifter, a radio frequency signal output end is coupled to the third phase shifter, and a second DC isolation capacitor is coupled between the radio frequency signal output end and the third phase shifter.
8. The third-order phase shifter as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that The third phase shifting portion is coupled to a control signal input terminal.