Large-tonnage bridge crane for hoisting shield tunneling machine in tunnel

Abstract

The utility model provides a large-tonnage bridge crane for hoisting a shield tunneling machine in a tunnel. The large-tonnage bridge crane comprises a cart traveling mechanism, a trolley traveling mechanism, a winch, two fixed pulley blocks and a lifting hook group, the lifting hook group comprises two movable pulley groups connected through a lifting plate, a balance wheel and a main lifting hook; the cart walking mechanism comprises two parallel bridge frames, and the two ends of the bridge frames are connected with the first rails in a sliding mode. The trolley walking mechanism comprises a first main beam and a second main beam which are arranged in parallel, and the two ends of the first main beam and the two ends of the second main beam are in sliding connection with the two bridge frames respectively. A winding drum of the winch is arranged above the first main beam; supports of the fixed pulley block and the balance wheel are positioned above the first main beam and the second main beam; when the main lifting hook is located at the upper limit position, the movable pulley block is located between the first main beam and the second main beam. The upper limit of the lifting hook is lifted above the rail surface, and the lifting space of the lifting hook is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of construction machinery in tunnels, and in particular to a large-tonnage bridge crane which is installed in a narrow space in a tunnel and is used for hoisting large-tonnage and large-volume equipment such as a shield machine. Background Art

[0002] Since the tunnel excavation cost of the water resource allocation project is high and there are many safety hazards, in order to reduce construction costs and safety hazards, the excavation size of the tunnel is usually designed to be as small as possible, and the installation room of the shield machine will also be designed to be relatively small. Expanding the space of the installation room will increase construction costs and bring greater safety hazards. In the construction of the water resource allocation project undertaken by our company, it is necessary to dig a tunnel in the mountain. Since the distance between the tunnel and the top of the mountain is large, it is impossible to drill a hole from the top of the mountain to the location of the planned tunnel. In order to shorten the construction period, it is planned to dig from the middle of the tunnel to both ends at the same time. It is necessary to first dig a tunnel as shown in the attached Figure 2 The branch tunnel 120 shown is connected to the middle of the planned tunnel, and then a shield machine installation room 110 is excavated in the middle of the tunnel, and then two shield machines with opposite propulsion directions are installed in the installation room. The two shield machines can simultaneously excavate tunnels in two opposite directions, thereby improving construction efficiency. The shield machine needs to be installed in the installation room 110, and then excavation operations are carried out at both ends after the installation is completed. The ground width of the installation room of the shield machine is only 12 meters, the height from the dome to the ground is only 18.5 meters, the height of the crane's track installation surface from the ground is 11 meters, and the heaviest installation unit of the shield machine, the cutter head, weighs more than 160 tons and has a diameter of 10 meters. In such a small space, it is impossible to use a car crane, tower crane, etc. to hoist a large-tonnage and large-volume component such as the shield machine cutter head. Only a large-tonnage bridge crane can be used for hoisting, and the existing bridge cranes are mostly standard parts, such as the attached Figure 1 As shown, the trolley frame adopts a main beam with a large height. The operating space of the hook is below the main beam of the trolley frame. When the hook is at the upper limit, the distance between the hook hanging point and the track surface is greater than 1 meter. The hook is a standard part, and the length of the hook that can withstand a weight of 160 tons is about 2 meters. Therefore, the diameter of the shield machine cutter head plus the distance between the hook hanging point and the track, plus the space required for the lifting rope, the height of the crane track installation surface from the ground must be at least 13 meters. If the existing bridge crane is used in this project, it cannot meet the hoisting needs of the shield machine because its installation elevation is less than 9 meters. Moreover, during the installation of the shield machine, a double trolley with a large lifting capacity is required for lifting. During the lifting process, due to the need for flipping and other operations, the lifting point distance of the double trolley needs a large range of variation, which cannot be met by the existing bridge crane.

[0003] In order to improve equipment utilization, in this type of tunnel construction, the large-tonnage bridge crane is used to hoist large components such as the shield machine cutter head weighing about 170 tons, as well as small components such as pipe segments weighing about 20 tons. The existing large-tonnage bridge crane with a span of 12 meters has a lifting point distance of only 2.7 to 9 meters for the left and right trolleys, which cannot meet the lifting requirements of the above-mentioned shield machines and tunnel segments. The segments are hoisted onto the shield machine, which is then installed on the side of the excavated tunnel by the shield machine. The segments are used to support the tunnel and keep the fine sand and gravel in the mountain out of the tunnel. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a large-tonnage bridge crane used for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel, so as to solve at least one of the above problems.

[0005] According to one aspect of the utility model, a large-tonnage bridge crane for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel is provided, comprising a trolley traveling mechanism, a trolley traveling mechanism, a winch, two fixed pulley blocks and a hook block; the hook block comprises two movable pulley blocks connected by a hanging plate, a balance wheel and a main hook; the trolley traveling mechanism comprises two parallel bridge frames, both ends of which are slidably connected to a first track; the trolley traveling mechanism comprises two parallel first main beams and a second main beam, both ends of which are slidably connected to the two bridge frames respectively; the winch drum is arranged above the first main beam; the support of the fixed pulley block and the support of the balance wheel are both located above the first main beam and the second main beam, and their two ends are respectively connected to the first main beam and the second main beam; when the main hook is located at the upper limit position, the movable pulley block is located between the first main beam and the second main beam.

[0006] The utility model adopts a double-main-beam structure for the trolley frame of a large-tonnage bridge crane used for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel. The height of the trolley frame can be reduced without reducing the load-bearing capacity of the trolley frame. At the same time, during the lifting process of the hook, the space between the double main beams can accommodate the movable pulley group, so that the upper limit of the hook group can be lifted above the rail surface, thereby increasing the lifting space of the hook, making it possible to hoist a shield machine cutter head with a diameter of 10 meters in a tunnel where the height of the rail installation surface from the ground is only 11 meters. The design of the utility model completely changes the design structure of the existing bridge cranes. Most of the existing bridge cranes are standard parts. The trolley frame adopts a main beam with a relatively large height. The operating space of the hook is below the main beam. When the hook is at the upper limit, the distance between the hook hanging point and the track surface is greater than 1 meter. The diameter of the shield machine cutter head plus the distance between the hook hanging point and the track, plus the space required for lifting with a rope, the height of the crane's track installation surface from the ground must be at least 13 meters, which cannot meet the need to hoist a shield machine cutter head with a diameter of 10 meters in a tunnel where the height of the track installation surface from the ground is only 11 meters.

[0007] In some embodiments, the rotating shafts of the fixed pulley block, the movable pulley block and the balance wheel of the utility model are perpendicular to the first main beam and the second main beam; the main hook is connected to the movable pulley block through a hanging plate, and the dimension of the hanging plate perpendicular to the first main beam is smaller than the inner side spacing of the first main beam and the second main beam. Thus, the hanging plate can be raised between the two main beams, and the upper limit of the hook can be further increased.

[0008] In some embodiments, the two ends of the wire rope of the winch of the utility model are respectively fixed at the two ends of the winch's drum, and the middle of the wire rope is hung on the balance wheel as the balance wheel section; the left section of the wire rope includes the left section that bypasses the left section of the winch drum as the left winding section, the left fixed pulley section that bypasses the left fixed pulley group, and the left movable pulley section that bypasses the left movable pulley group; the right section of the wire rope includes the right movable pulley section that bypasses the right movable pulley group, the right fixed pulley section that bypasses the right fixed pulley group, and the right winding section that bypasses the right section of the winch drum.

[0009] In some embodiments, the trolley traveling mechanism of the utility model includes two parallel side beams, the two ends of the two side beams are respectively connected to the two ends of the two bridge frames; the two ends of the bridge frame are inserted into the two ends of the side beams, and the upper surface of the bridge frame is flush with the upper surface of the side beams. In this way, the height of the trolley traveling mechanism can be reduced, so that the bridge crane can be applied to narrow tunnel spaces.

[0010] In some embodiments, the utility model further includes a hook group sway reduction device; the sway reduction device includes a telescopic rod and a plurality of displacement sensors, as well as a control device and a driving device; the lower end of the telescopic rod is arranged on the top of the hanging plate of the hook group, and the upper part is mounted on the telescopic rod mounting seat through a self-aligning roller bearing; the telescopic rod mounting seat is arranged on the trolley frame of the trolley walking mechanism; the displacement sensor is arranged on the trolley frame of the bridge crane, and is evenly arranged on the circumference with the telescopic rod as the center, for detecting the position of the telescopic rod, and outputting the displacement data of the telescopic rod to the control device; the control device is used to determine the swing direction of the hook group according to the received displacement data, and output a driving instruction to the driving device; the driving device executes the driving instruction, and drives the trolley walking mechanism or the trolley walking mechanism of the bridge crane to decelerate or accelerate. In this way, the sway of the hook group during the crane hoisting process can be reduced, and the safety accidents caused thereby can be prevented.

[0011] In some embodiments, the utility model further comprises a hook group guide device; the hook group guide device comprises guide plates respectively arranged on the opposite side of the first main beam and the second main beam, and the opposite side of the guide plates on both sides is an inclined surface; the distance between the upper ends of the opposite inclined surfaces is smaller than the distance between the lower ends; the distance between the upper ends of the opposite inclined surfaces is smaller than the maximum dimension of the hanging plate of the hook group perpendicular to the first main beam and the second main beam; the distance between the lower ends of the opposite inclined surfaces is larger than the maximum dimension of the hanging plate of the hook group perpendicular to the first main beam and the second main beam. In this way, it is possible to prevent the hook group from hitting the main beam during the lifting process to cause a safety accident.

[0012] In some embodiments, the hook assembly guide device of the utility model further includes a guide sleeve and a guide rod; the guide sleeve is arranged on the top of the hanging plate of the hook assembly; the guide rod is connected to the balance wheel support, and the shape and position of the guide rod are adapted to the guide sleeve. Thus, the hook assembly can be further finely guided.

[0013] In some embodiments, the utility model further includes a pressure plate and a travel switch; a pressure plate is provided at the top of the guide rod; a vertical shaft hole is provided on the support of the balance wheel; the guide rod is inserted into the shaft hole and slidably connected with the shaft hole; the pressure plate is located above the shaft hole; it is configured such that when the hook group rises to a certain height, the guide rod can be inserted into the guide sleeve, and when the pressure plate at the top of the guide rod presses the contact of the travel switch, the hook group continues to rise; when the pressure plate leaves the contact of the travel switch, the hook group stops rising. In this way, it is possible to prevent the hook group from hitting the top during the lifting process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a bridge crane of the prior art;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a use state of a large-tonnage bridge crane used for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a large-tonnage bridge crane used for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel according to one embodiment of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a large-tonnage bridge crane used for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a main hook, a movable pulley block, a fixed pulley block and a balance wheel of a large-tonnage bridge crane used for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel, and winding of a steel wire rope according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the winding of the wire rope of the hoisting device of the bridge crane on the main hook group and the movable pulley group, the fixed pulley group and the balance wheel is shown;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an anti-roofing and guiding structure of a large-tonnage bridge crane used for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the anti-collision top and the guide structure shown;

[0022] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the installation structure of the guide plate shown;

[0023] Fig.10 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the precise guidance and anti-top impact structure shown;

[0024] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the left and right movable pulley blocks and the hook of the main hook group of a large-tonnage bridge crane used for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel according to one embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a hook swing reduction structure of a large-tonnage bridge crane used for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel according to one embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Fig.13 , Fig.14 and Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of a hook swing reduction structure of a large-tonnage bridge crane used for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel according to another embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Fig.16 for Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the arrangement of the main trolley and the auxiliary trolley when the shield machine is lifted in reverse by a large-tonnage bridge crane is shown;

[0028] Fig.17 for Figure 3 The layout diagram of the main trolley and auxiliary trolley of a large-tonnage bridge crane when lifting a pipe segment is shown;

[0029] Fig.18 for Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the main trolley and the auxiliary trolley when the large-tonnage bridge crane is used as a lifting equipment during production;

[0030] Figure 19-21 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main trolley when the large-tonnage crane of the utility model is used as a hoisting device in production;

[0031] Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram of the wire rope winding structure of the main lifting mechanism of the large-tonnage crane of the utility model when it is used as a lifting equipment in production;

[0032] Figure 23-25 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of a main trolley of a large-tonnage crane according to one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0034] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Figure 2 The installation and use environment of a large-tonnage bridge crane for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the utility model is schematically shown.

[0036] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the large-tonnage bridge crane 200 used for hoisting the shield machine in the tunnel is used for the installation of the shield machine in the tunnel construction project. The height of the shield machine installation room 110 from the ground to the dome is 18.5 meters, the ground hole is 12 meters wide, and the rock anchor beam of the first track 111 of the trolley walking mechanism for installing the crane is 11 meters above the ground. The shield machine installation room is located in the middle of the tunnel. It is necessary to first excavate a smaller branch hole 120, and then dig out the shield machine installation room 110 at the end of the branch hole 120. The branch hole 120 is used to transport the bridge crane and the shield machine components to the installation room 110. First, install the large-tonnage bridge crane 200 in the shield machine installation room 110, and then use the large-tonnage bridge crane 200 to install a shield machine in two opposite directions of the tunnel. The two shield machines can dig tunnels in two directions at the same time, which can improve the excavation efficiency and shorten the project time. The heaviest installed unit of the shield machine, the cutterhead, weighs more than 160 tons and has a diameter of 10 meters. In order to hoist such a large shield machine cutterhead in such a narrow shield machine installation room 110, the lifting height of the hook must be increased as much as possible so that the upper limit 2611 of the hook is located as high as possible.

[0037] Figure 3-6 The structure of a large-tonnage bridge crane for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the utility model is schematically shown.

[0038] refer to Figure 3-4 As shown, the large-tonnage bridge crane includes a trolley traveling mechanism 21 and two trolley traveling mechanisms 22 (including a main trolley 221 and an auxiliary trolley 222).

[0039] The trolley travel mechanism 21 is in the shape of a rectangular frame as a whole, and includes two parallel bridge frames 211 and end beams 212 connecting the two ends of the bridge frames 211. The two ends of the bridge frames 211 are slidably connected to the first track 111 set on the rock anchor beam. Travel rollers are set at the bottom of the two ends of the bridge frame 211 of the trolley travel mechanism 21. The travel rollers are driven by a motor, and the trolley travel mechanism 21 as a whole can reciprocate along the first track 111.

[0040] The auxiliary trolley 222 is in the shape of a rectangular frame as a whole, and includes two parallel first main beams 251 and second main beams 252, and two auxiliary beams 254 respectively connecting the first main beams 251 and second main beams 252 at both ends. The main trolley 221 has an additional support beam 253 parallel to the first main beam 251 and second main beam 252 on the basis of the auxiliary trolley 222. The main trolley 221 and the auxiliary trolley 222 are slidably connected to two bridge frames 211 at both ends, and the bridge frame 211 is provided with a second track 112, and the lower part of the auxiliary beam 254 is provided with rollers adapted to the second track 112. The rollers of the main trolley 221 and the auxiliary trolley 222 are respectively driven by motors, and the main trolley 221 and the auxiliary trolley 222 can respectively move back and forth along the bridge frame 211 of the trolley walking mechanism 21.

[0041] The drum 233 of the auxiliary hoist is arranged on the first main beam 251 of the auxiliary trolley 222. The auxiliary hoist is used to drive the auxiliary hook 263 to move up and down. The rated load of the auxiliary hook 263 is 100 tons.

[0042] A main winch drum 231 (hereinafter referred to as main drum 231) is provided on the first main beam 251 of the main trolley 221. Two fixed pulley blocks 241 include a left fixed pulley block 2411 and a right fixed pulley block 2412. The pulley shaft directions of the left fixed pulley block 2411, the right fixed pulley block 2412 and the balance wheel 243 are perpendicular to the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252. The two ends of the support of the left fixed pulley block 2411, the right fixed pulley block 2412 and the balance wheel 243 are respectively supported above the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252. The main hook block includes a left movable pulley block 2421, a right movable pulley block 2422, a hanging plate 270 and a main hook 261. The main hook 261 of the main trolley 221 is connected to two movable pulley blocks 242 (left movable pulley block 2421 and right movable pulley block 2422) through a hanging plate 270. The rated load of the main hook 261 is 200 tons. The small winch drum 232 is arranged above the support beam 253. The small winch is used to drive the small hook 262 to move up and down. The small hook 262 is located below the support beam 253 and has a rated load of 25 tons.

[0043] The two trolleys 22 are both provided with an anti-collision device 352 , a limit device 351 and a trolley stop column 361 .

[0044] refer to Figure 4As shown, the left and right movable pulley blocks of the main hook group are respectively located below the left and right fixed pulley blocks, and between the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252 of the trolley frame. The maximum dimension B of the hanging plate 270 of the main hook group perpendicular to the direction of the first main beam 251 is smaller than the minimum distance Ax between the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252. During the lifting process of the main hook group, the hanging plate 270 will rise to the position between the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252.

[0045] refer to Figure 5 and 6 As shown, the two ends of the wire rope 271 of the main hoist drum 231 are respectively fixed to the two ends of the main hoist drum 231, and the middle of the wire rope 271 is hung on the balance wheel 243 as the balance wheel section 543. The left section of the wire rope 271 includes the left winding section 541 bypassing the left section of the main hoist drum, the left fixed pulley section 511 bypassing the left fixed pulley block 2411, and the left movable pulley section 521 bypassing the left movable pulley block 2421; the right section of the wire rope 271 includes the right movable pulley section 522 bypassing the right movable pulley block 2422, the right fixed pulley section 512 bypassing the right fixed pulley block 2412, and the right winding section 542 bypassing the right section of the main hoist drum. In this embodiment, each movable pulley block 242 has three movable pulleys, and each fixed pulley block 241 has three fixed pulleys, so the wire rope is wound three times between the fixed pulley block 241 and the movable pulley block 242 on the same side.

[0046] refer to Figure 4 As shown, when the main hook 261 is pulled and lifted to the upper limit 2611 by the main winch, the hanging plate 270 is located between the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252, and the upper limit 2611 of the main hook 261 is located above the track surface of the first track 111. The height difference between the upper limit 2611 of the main hook 261 and the track surface of the first track 111 is D, and in this embodiment, D is 200 mm.

[0047] The trolley of a traditional bridge crane adopts a main beam, and the fixed pulley block and the hook are located below the main beam, so the operating space of the hook can only be below the main beam, and in order to achieve sufficient strength, the height of the main beam will be made relatively large, so that a large space is required above the bridge frame of the bridge crane for the trolley to operate, and there is more space below the bridge frame that is non-hoisting space, and the lifting height of the hook is relatively low. The trolley frame of the utility model adopts a double main beam structure, which reduces the height of the main beam while ensuring the strength of the main beam, which can reduce the space above the bridge frame 211 for the trolley to operate, and also make the space between the two main beams become the operating space of the movable pulley block 242, so that the upper limit 2611 of the main hook 261 can be located above the track surface of the first track 111, and the lifting height of the main hook 261 is increased.

[0048] Figure 7-10The figure schematically shows a hook group guide and anti-roofing structure of a large-tonnage bridge crane for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0049] refer to Figure 8-9 As shown, a guide plate 323 is provided on the opposite side of the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252, and the guide plate 323 includes a guide web 3231 and a wing plate 3232. One side of the guide web is welded to the lower part of the opposite side of the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252, and the other side is an inclined surface, and the wing plate is welded. The distance Az of the upper ends of the left and right wing plates is smaller than the distance Ad of the lower ends, Az is smaller than the maximum distance B of the outer sides of the two hanging plates 270, and Ad is larger than the outer distance B of the two hanging plates 270.

[0050] refer to Figure 7 As shown, the hoisting motor and the reducer 244 drive the main hoist drum 231 to rotate, and the main drum 231 lifts the main hook group upward by winding the wire rope. When the main hook group is lifted up to a suitable distance close to the bottom of the frame of the main trolley, a deceleration signal is sent to the control system through the height sensor 33. After receiving the deceleration signal, the control system reduces the input frequency of the hoisting motor to make the main hook group continue to rise at a low speed. When the hanging plate 270 enters the area between the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252, due to the obstruction of the guide plates 323 on the left and right sides, the hanging plate 270 equipped with two sets of movable pulleys 242 and the main hook 261 gradually moves to the middle of the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252 during the rising process, which can also prevent the main hook group from colliding with the trolley frame.

[0051] The traditional small car frame main beam adopts a single main beam variable cross-section design to solve the problem of large stress caused by the large bending moment in the middle of the main beam, and a large height cross-section is used accordingly. Fig. 9 As shown, in the utility model, due to the limitation of the tunnel height, the main hook main beam of the trolley frame in the utility model adopts a double main beam design with an equal cross-section and a height equal to the side beam, which can greatly reduce the height of the trolley without reducing the strength of the trolley main beam. The trolley frame includes a first main beam 251 and a second main beam 252 arranged in parallel, and two auxiliary beams 254 arranged in parallel and connecting the two ends of the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252.

[0052] refer to Fig.10As shown, the guide and anti-collision device 32 also includes a balance wheel support 53, a travel switch 321, a guide rod 322 and a guide sleeve 324. The guide sleeve 324 is provided on the top of the hanging plate 270. The guide rod 322 is inserted into the shaft hole of the balance wheel support 53. A pressure plate 3211 is welded to the upper end of the guide rod 322. The guide rod 322 is slidably connected to the shaft hole. The guide sleeve 324 is connected to the hanging plate 270 by bolts. When the hook group is further lifted, the guide sleeve 324 installed on the hanging plate 270 gradually approaches the guide rod 322. The guide rod 322 is inserted into the guide sleeve 324, and the hanging plate 270 of the hook group in the lifting process is further guided to the middle of the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252.

[0053] A pressure plate 3211 is welded to the upper end of the guide rod 322. When the hook assembly has not yet risen to the height of the main beam of the trolley frame, the pressure plate 3211 on the guide rod 322 presses the contact of the travel switch 321. When the hook assembly drives the guide sleeve 324 to lift upward, the guide rod 322 is inserted into the guide sleeve 324. The hook assembly continues to lift to move the guide rod 322 upward, so that the pressure plate 322 leaves the contact of the travel switch 321. At this time, the control system will cut off the circuit for lifting the hook assembly to prevent the hook assembly from further lifting and causing safety hazards.

[0054] A camera 31 is also installed below the balance wheel support 53, and the state of the hook group can be monitored through a visualization system. The control system compares the real-time state diagram of the hook group captured by the camera 31 with the pre-stored normal state diagram of the hook group to determine whether it is necessary to cut off the circuit for the hook lifting. Through the video data collected by the camera 31, the system can sense whether the hook group enters the gap between the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252 of the trolley, and after comparing it with the standard picture (a safe state picture that conforms to normal operation), if the comparison passes, it means that the hook group is in a normal state and the hook group continues to rise; if the comparison fails, it means that the hook group is in an abnormal state, then the control system outputs a signal to stop the hook group from rising, and controls the hook group to stop rising to ensure the safety of the operation.

[0055] Fig.11 The structure and position status of the hook and movable pulley block of a large-tonnage bridge crane used for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the utility model are schematically shown.

[0056] To increase the upper limit of the hook, the distance of the hook assembly itself in the lifting height direction can be reduced. Fig. 9 As shown, the hook assembly adopts a design of two sets of movable pulleys on the left and right sides, and the top of the hook is moved up to a certain distance T above the bottom of the movable pulley assembly 242, and the center distance of the rotating shafts of the left and right pulley assembly is S, ensuring that the main hook 261 can rotate around the hook crossbeam 260. As a result, the height of the hook assembly is shortened by T, and in this embodiment, T is 1.2 meters.

[0057] Fig.12 The invention schematically shows the swing reduction structure and principle of the hook assembly of a large-tonnage bridge crane used for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0058] refer to Fig.12 As shown, both the fixed pulley group 241 and the movable pulley group 242 are arranged in two groups. With this structure, the principle is similar to that of two groups of pulley groups lifting hooks and heavy objects. When the heavy object does not swing, the distance between the left fixed pulley group 2411 and the left movable pulley group 2421 is equal to the distance between the right fixed pulley group 2412 and the right movable pulley group 2422, both of which are H1. Assuming that the trolley starts to move backward or accelerate, due to inertia and the steel wire rope 271 being a flexible element, after the steel wire rope deflects, an angle α is generated with respect to the original vertical state. At this time, the left movable pulley block 2421 and the right movable pulley block 2422, which were originally at the same height, will have a height difference, that is, the originally horizontal axis connecting line OA of the left movable pulley block 2421 and the right movable pulley block 2422 rotates around point O to OB, so that the distance H2 between the right fixed pulley block 2412 and the right movable pulley block 2422 is greater than the distance H1 between the left fixed pulley block 2411 and the left movable pulley block 2421, that is, there is an angle β between OA and OB. Since the steel wire ropes on the left and right sides of the balance wheel 234 are the same steel wire rope, refer to Figure 6 As shown, the lengths of both sides are kept equal through the balance wheel 243 in the middle. The friction between the wire rope 271 and the fixed pulley group 241 and the movable pulley group 242 and the balancing effect of the balance wheel 243 can prevent the phenomenon that H2 is greater than or less than H1. Therefore, this structural design can reduce the swing of the hook group on the trolley during the movement of the trolley walking mechanism 21.

[0059] The larger the installation spacing S between the two fixed pulley blocks, the greater the height difference between H2 and H1. Therefore, by increasing the installation spacing S value between the two fixed pulley blocks and using a multi-rate pulley block, the swing reduction effect can be better.

[0060] Figure 13-15 The invention schematically shows a hook assembly swing reduction structure of a large-tonnage bridge crane for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel according to another embodiment of the utility model.

[0061] refer to Figure 13-15As shown, the hook group sway reduction structure includes a telescopic rod 348 arranged on the top of the hanging plate 270 of the hook group, and four displacement sensors 340 for detecting the position of the telescopic rod. The lower end of the telescopic rod 348 is connected to the hanging plate 270, and the middle part is installed on the telescopic rod mounting seat 343 through a spherical roller bearing 345. The telescopic rod mounting seat 343 is connected to the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252 of the trolley (main trolley and auxiliary trolley), and can also be installed on the balance wheel support 53. The telescopic rod 348 can be retracted as the hook group is raised, or extended as the hook group is lowered.

[0062] Four displacement sensors 340 are installed below the balance wheel support 53, evenly distributed on a circle with the telescopic rod 348 as the center, and one is arranged in each of the front, back, left, and right running directions of the crane trolley running mechanism and the trolley running mechanism, for detecting the displacement of the telescopic rod 348 in four directions. The displacement sensor 340 can be a device such as a proximity switch that can be used to detect the displacement of an object. In this embodiment, four displacement sensors 340 are used. In other embodiments, the number of displacement sensors 340 can also be set to three or six or other numbers as needed.

[0063] The displacement sensor 340 outputs the displacement data of the telescopic rod to the control device.

[0064] The control device 300 is used to determine the swing direction of the hook assembly according to the received displacement data and output a driving instruction to the driving device.

[0065] The driving device executes the driving instruction to drive the trolley or car of the bridge crane to decelerate or accelerate. The driving device can be a device such as an electric motor that can drive the trolley or car to move. The telescopic rod 348 is composed of four telescopic sections (3481, 3482, 3483, 3484) arranged from the outside to the inside. The first telescopic section 3481 at the outermost side includes an upper pressure plate 342, a steel pipe 346 and a lower pressure plate 341 connected in sequence from top to bottom. The second telescopic section 3482, the third telescopic section 3483 and the fourth telescopic section 3484 are each provided with an upper pressure plate 342, a sliding bearing 349, a connecting shaft 347, a steel pipe 346 and a lower pressure plate 341 in sequence from top to bottom. The steel pipe 346 can be a seamless steel pipe.

[0066] On the same expansion joint, the steel pipe 346 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting shaft 347, the sliding bearing 349 is sleeved outside the connecting shaft 347, and the upper pressing plate 342 is connected to the upper end of the connecting shaft 347. The outer diameter of the upper pressing plate 342 is smaller than the outer diameter of the sliding bearing 349 and larger than the inner diameter of the sliding bearing 349. The inner diameter of the lower pressing plate 341 is consistent with the inner diameter of the steel pipe 346.

[0067] There is a gap of 2-3 mm between adjacent telescopic sections, and a gap of 1-2 mm between the sliding bearing 349 and the adjacent external telescopic section. When the inner telescopic section is eccentric or the hook group is deflected, the sliding bearing 349 slides in the steel pipe of the adjacent external telescopic section, reducing the sliding friction and the processing cost. A lower pressure plate 341 is provided at the bottom of each telescopic section, and the lower pressure plate 341 of the innermost telescopic section is connected to the bottom of the hanging plate by bolts.

[0068] The lower part of the lower pressing plate 341 of the first telescopic joint 3481, the second telescopic joint 3482 and the third telescopic joint 3483 is connected with a flange ring 3411. The inner diameter of the flange ring 3411 is larger than the outer diameter of the steel pipe 346 of the adjacent inner telescopic joint, and smaller than the outer diameter of the sliding bearing of the adjacent inner telescopic joint. The flange ring 3411 can prevent the adjacent telescopic joints from falling out.

[0069] A telescopic rod shaft 344 is welded to the outside of the steel pipe 346 of the first telescopic joint 3481 on the outermost side. The telescopic rod shaft 344 is mounted on the telescopic rod mounting seat 343 through a spherical roller bearing 345 .

[0070] When the hook group swings, since the lower end of the telescopic rod 348 is connected to the hanging plate 270 of the hook group by bolts, and the middle part of the telescopic rod 348 is fixed to the telescopic rod mounting seat 343 by the spherical roller bearing 348, the telescopic rod 348 can swing with the hook group. After swinging, the telescopic rod 348 swings to one side and the distance from the displacement sensor 340 becomes smaller. The displacement sensor 340 arranged on this side sends a sensing signal to the control system, and the PLC in the control system controls the walking mechanism to decelerate in the opposite direction or accelerate in the same direction. For example, when the crane starts to move forward, due to inertia, the hook group swings backward, and the telescopic rod 348 generates a backward swing angle. The displacement sensor 340 located on the rear side senses the telescopic rod 348 and sends a signal. After the control system receives the signal, the PLC controls the walking mechanism to decelerate forward or accelerate backward. The displacement sensor 340 can be a device such as a proximity switch that can be used to detect the displacement of an object.

[0071] For example, when the displacement sensor 340 detects that the telescopic rod 348 moves backward, the displacement sensor 340 outputs the displacement data of the telescopic rod to the control device 300, and the control device determines that the hook group swings backward, indicating that the forward speed of the trolley travel mechanism 21 is too fast. The control device outputs a deceleration control instruction to the driving device of the trolley travel mechanism 21, and the driving device of the trolley travel mechanism 21 drives the trolley travel mechanism 21 to decelerate, and the amplitude of the backward swing of the hook group will be reduced. If the displacement sensor 340 detects that the telescopic rod 348 moves to the left or right, the swing of the hook group can be reduced by controlling the trolley travel mechanism 22 to decelerate or accelerate.

[0072] In addition, in this embodiment, the telescopic rod 348 has an outer diameter of 200 mm and is composed of four telescopic sections. The tail is equipped with a sliding mechanism. The gap between the inner and outer sections in the full length direction is small (2mm to 3mm). It is a rigid-flexible structure with a large slenderness ratio and can withstand a certain bending moment and lateral force. When the hook group or the weight swings, the telescopic rod 348 produces elastic deformation and forms a reverse force, which can prevent the hook group or the weight from swinging, thereby reducing the swing of the hook group. In other embodiments, the number of telescopic sections can be adjusted according to the lifting height of the hook group.

[0073] The large-tonnage bridge crane used for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel of the utility model has a lifting mode, that is, the main hook of the main trolley (referred to as the main hook 261) and the hook of the auxiliary trolley (referred to as the auxiliary hook 263) lift the same object at the same time. In order to ensure the safe operation of the lifting mode, a lifting protection system is set, which includes a main trolley load sensor, an auxiliary trolley load sensor, a main trolley wheel encoder, an auxiliary trolley wheel encoder, a main trolley hook group height detection device 33 and an auxiliary trolley hook group height detection device 33.

[0074] The shield construction in the middle of the tunnel requires the installation of two shield machines in the shield machine installation room. The directions of the two shield machines are opposite, so the position and placement direction of the two trolleys of the bridge crane used to install the two shield machines can be adjusted. The customization cost of large-tonnage bridge cranes is very high. If they are only used to install shield machines, it will cause a waste of resources. After the tunnel construction is completed, the large-tonnage bridge crane used for construction needs to be converted into a hoisting equipment for production. When the large-tonnage bridge crane is used as tunnel construction equipment, it is restricted by many aspects such as space layout and tunnel limit size. Therefore, the large-tonnage bridge crane must meet the different tense requirements of shield machine hoisting construction, segment hoisting, and production hoisting in both directions of the tunnel, and must have a flexible functional conversion design in structure.

[0075] Figure 3 This is the layout diagram of the main trolley and auxiliary trolley during the forward lifting state of the shield machine.

[0076] The main trolley 221 is located on the right side of the bridge frame 211 , the auxiliary trolley 222 is located on the left side of the bridge frame 211 , and the main hook 261 of the main trolley 221 is located on the right side of the main trolley 221 .

[0077] Fig.16 This is the layout diagram of the main trolley and auxiliary trolley during the reverse lifting of the shield machine.

[0078] The main trolley 221 is located on the left side of the bridge frame 211 , the auxiliary trolley 222 is located on the right side of the bridge frame 211 , and the main hook 261 of the main trolley 221 is located on the left side of the main trolley 221 .

[0079] Fig.17This is the layout diagram of the main trolley and auxiliary trolley when lifting pipe segments.

[0080] The main trolley 221 is located on the left side of the bridge frame 211, the auxiliary trolley 222 is located on the right side of the bridge frame 211, and the main hook 261 of the main trolley 221 is located on the left side of the main trolley 221. After the shield machine is installed, the bridge crane enters the state of lifting the pipe segment. In order to improve construction efficiency and operation safety, the main trolley needs to be rotated 180° as a whole, so that the auxiliary lifting mechanism of the main trolley is adjusted to the middle, and the operating range of the auxiliary lifting mechanism in the middle is increased. The original operating range of the auxiliary lifting mechanism of the main trolley is on the right side of the bridge frame. For safety reasons, the small hook group cannot be too close to the end of the bridge frame. After the main trolley is rotated 180° as a whole, the operating range of the auxiliary lifting mechanism of the main trolley is in the middle of the bridge frame, and the main trolley can be close to the end of the bridge frame.

[0081] Fig.18 This is the layout diagram of the main trolley and auxiliary trolley when used as lifting equipment during production.

[0082] After the shield construction is completed, in order to avoid waste of resources, the tunnel construction bridge crane of the utility model is converted into a production bridge crane through appropriate adjustment.

[0083] refer to Fig.18 As shown, in the production state, the main trolley 221 is located on the right side of the bridge frame 211, and the auxiliary trolley 222 is located on the left side of the bridge frame 211; the main trolley 221 rotates 180 degrees, the main hook 261 is located on the right side of the main trolley 221, and the small hook 262 is located on the left side of the main trolley 221.

[0084] The lifting height of the large-tonnage crane of the utility model is 24 meters in production. The length of the wire rope of the main hoist is longer than that in construction, and the wire rope basically covers the entire main hoist drum 231. The rotating shaft of the fixed pulley group 241 is adjusted to be parallel to the first main beam 251, so that the hanging plate of the main hook 261 is perpendicular to the first main beam 251, and the hanging plate of the auxiliary hook 263 is also perpendicular to the first main beam 251. The supports of the two fixed pulley groups 241 are adjusted to be fixed on the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252 respectively, and the positions of the two fixed pulley groups 241 are adjusted to be arranged front and back on both sides below the main drum 231. The hanging plate 270 of the main hook group becomes perpendicular to the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252.

[0085] exist Figure 3 , Fig.16 , Fig.17In the present invention, the lifting height of the large-tonnage crane in tunnel construction is 11 meters. The main hook group of the main trolley and the hook group of the auxiliary trolley (hereinafter referred to as the auxiliary hook group) need to be lifted above the rail surface of the first track 111. The hanging plates 270 of the main hook group and the auxiliary hook group are arranged parallel to the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252. The hanging plates 270 need to be lifted between the two main beams of the trolley frame, and the supports of each fixed pulley group and the supports of the balance wheel are respectively across the two main beams of the trolley frame. The length of the wire rope of the main hoist is relatively short. The wire rope is only spread over the outside of the pulley outside the hook group on the main drum 241. The rotating shafts of the two fixed pulley groups 241, the two fixed pulley groups 242 and the balance wheel group 243 are all perpendicular to the first main beam 251. The two fixed pulley groups 241 are arranged left and right below one side of the main drum 231.

[0086] Figure 19-21 The structure of the main trolley of the large-tonnage crane of the utility model when used as a lifting device in production is schematically shown.

[0087] refer to Fig.21 As shown, the first fixed pulley block installation position 441 is the installation position of the fixed pulley block 241 during tunnel construction. During construction, the rotation axis of the fixed pulley block 241 is perpendicular to the first main beam 251, so the first fixed pulley block installation position 441 is two sets of screw holes parallel to the first main beam 251. The second fixed pulley block installation position 442 is the installation position of the fixed pulley block 241 during production. During production, the rotation axis of the fixed pulley block 241 is parallel to the first main beam 251, so the first fixed pulley block installation position 441 is two sets of screw holes perpendicular to the first main beam 251.

[0088] Two sets of installation positions are set on the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252 of the main trolley, which are used for the installation of the main hoisting device, the main reducer, and the two fixed pulley blocks 241 in the construction and production states respectively. When the main trolley is converted from the shield machine construction state to the production state, the motor, reducer, brake, hoisting device, height sensor and other devices need to be translated to the side of the small lifting mechanism by a distance T. A drum seat is set on the left auxiliary beam 254, a reducer seat is set on the right auxiliary beam 254, and a motor seat is set on the second main beam 252. Two sets of installation positions for the main drum 231 are set on the drum seat, the first main drum installation position 411 is the installation position of the main drum 231 during construction, and the second main drum installation position 412 is the installation position of the main drum 231 during production. The position of the main drum 231 is higher than the fixed pulley block 241.

[0089] The reducer seat is provided with two sets of reducer installation positions, the first reducer installation position 421 is the installation position of the reducer of the main hoisting device during construction, and the second reducer installation position 422 is the installation position of the reducer of the main hoisting device during construction. The motor seat is provided with two sets of motor installation positions, the first motor installation position 431 is the installation position of the motor of the main hoisting device during construction, and the second motor installation position 432 is the installation position of the motor of the main hoisting device during construction.

[0090] In the construction state, the wire rope is short. When the hook is lifted to the upper limit, the wire rope is arranged outside the hook pulley block, and there is no wire rope wound in the middle of the main drum 231. The wire rope is wound from the outside of the movable pulley block of the hook block into the fixed pulley block, and a balance wheel 243 is provided between the two fixed pulley blocks 241. In the construction state, the motor, reducer, brake, hoisting device and height sensor of the main lifting mechanism of the main and auxiliary trolleys are all installed in the first installation position.

[0091] In production mode, since the lifting height of the hook can be relatively large and the hook does not need to be lifted above the bottom surface of the trolley frame during lifting, a certain safety distance can be reserved between the hook group and the bottom surface of the trolley frame. At this time, the hanging plate of the hook group is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the main beam of the trolley frame. The rotating shafts of the two sets of fixed pulley groups 241 are parallel to the main beam of the trolley frame and are placed on the two main beams of the trolley frame respectively. The motor, reducer, brake, winch device and height sensor of the main lifting mechanism of the main and auxiliary trolleys are all assembled in the second installation position.

[0092] Fig. 22 The utility model schematically shows the wire rope winding structure of the main lifting mechanism of the large-tonnage crane when it is used as a lifting device in production.

[0093] refer to Figure 6 and Fig. 22 As shown, the main lifting mechanism of the main and auxiliary trolleys used in the construction state and the production state are different. The main lifting mechanism of the main and auxiliary trolleys used in the construction state includes a balance wheel 243 and a balance wheel support 53, and the balance wheel 243 is relied on to keep the left and right balance of the wire rope. Fig. 22As shown, the main lifting mechanism of the main and auxiliary trolleys in the production state does not have an independent balance wheel and balance wheel support, and relies on one side pulley 245 in the front and rear fixed pulley groups 241 as a balance wheel to keep the front and rear balance of the wire rope. The two ends of the wire rope 271 of the main hoist 231 are respectively fixed to the two ends of the main hoist drum 231. The left section of the wire rope 271 includes a left winding section 541 that bypasses the left section of the main hoist drum, a front fixed pulley section 611 that bypasses the front fixed pulley group, and a front movable pulley section 621 that bypasses the front movable pulley group; the right section of the wire rope 271 includes a rear movable pulley section 622 that bypasses the rear movable pulley group, a rear fixed pulley section 612 that bypasses the rear fixed pulley group, and a right winding section 542 that bypasses the right section of the main hoist drum. In this embodiment, each movable pulley block 242 has three movable pulleys, and each fixed pulley block 241 has three fixed pulleys, so the wire rope is wound three times between the fixed pulley block and the movable pulley block on the same side. The rightmost wheel of the front and rear fixed pulley blocks is a balance wheel, and the section of the wire rope wound on the balance wheel is a side pulley section 643.

[0094] The structural features of the fixed pulley block of a large-tonnage crane of the utility model are as follows: compared with the number of pulleys in a traditional pulley block, the number of traditional fixed pulleys is twice the movable pulley ratio n minus 2, that is, the number of fixed pulleys is 2 less than the number of movable pulleys in the hook group; in the utility model, the number of fixed pulleys is twice the movable pulley ratio n, that is, the number of fixed pulleys is the same as the number of movable pulleys in the hook group, and the two side pulleys 245 (away from the end of the winch device) do not work when used in construction (no wire rope is wound), and the two side pulleys 245 are used together as balance wheels when used in production.

[0095] The auxiliary trolley 222 is converted from the shield machine construction state to the production state. The conversion and installation method of the motor, reducer, brake, winch device, height sensor and other devices on it is basically the same as the main trolley 221, and will not be repeated.

[0096] A left power supply device 301 and a right power supply device 302 for supplying power to the trolley are respectively provided on the bridge frame 211, and a terminal box 303 is also provided on the main and auxiliary trolleys, respectively. The left power supply device 301 and the right power supply device 302 are configured according to the maximum power supply capacity and the maximum number of power and control paths. Any power supply device can meet the power supply and control requirements of the main and auxiliary trolleys. A quick plug is provided between the power supply device and the terminal box. When the trolley needs to be changed or rotated 180°, the power supply and control lines of the main and auxiliary trolleys can be quickly replaced.

[0097] The conversion of construction tense into production tense includes the following steps:

[0098] Step 1. Release the lower limit protection of the hook descent and lower the hook assembly to the ground and secure it.

[0099] Step 2. Remove the wire ropes of the main and auxiliary trolleys’ main lifting mechanisms.

[0100] Step 3. Remove the balance wheel device and balance wheel support configured during construction.

[0101] Step 4. Loosen the connecting bolts between the fixed pulley block and the trolley frame, rotate the two sets of fixed pulley blocks 90° respectively, and install them on the main beam of the trolley frame respectively. There is a distance A between the centers of the two sets of fixed pulleys in the direction perpendicular to the pulley axis.

[0102] Step 5. Loosen the connecting bolts between the main lifting mechanism motor, reducer, brake, winch device and height sensor of the main and auxiliary trolleys and the trolley frame, and assemble them respectively in the second installation position.

[0103] Step 6. Wind the wire rope, and choose a wire rope that can meet the maximum lifting height. One end is wound from the middle to the front fixed pulley group, and the balance wheel is passed around the front pulley group of the hook and the front fixed pulley group in turn, and then fixed to the left fixed end of the drum; the other end is wound from the middle to the rear fixed pulley group, and the balance wheel is passed around the rear pulley group of the hook and the rear fixed pulley group in turn, and then fixed to the right fixed end of the drum.

[0104] Step 7. Re-adjust the upper and lower limit heights of the main winches of the main and auxiliary trolleys to be within the safe operating range.

[0105] Figure 23-25 The frame structure of the main trolley of a large-tonnage crane according to one embodiment of the utility model is schematically shown.

[0106] refer to Figure 23-25 As shown, the main trolley 221 includes a first main beam 251, a second main beam 252 and a supporting beam 253 which are parallel to each other, and two auxiliary beams 254 (including a first auxiliary beam 2541 and a second auxiliary beam 2542) connecting the first main beam 251, the second main beam 252 and the supporting beam 253. A guardrail 74 is provided on the outer edge of the upper end of the first main beam 251. There is a certain gap between the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252 for the wire rope or the hook group to pass through. The first guard plate 256 on the outer side of the first main beam 251 is provided with a first through hole 2561 which runs through from top to bottom for the wire rope of the main winch of the bridge crane to pass through. A guardrail 74 is installed on the upper edge of the first guard plate 256.

[0107] A retractable guardrail 70 is provided on one side of the second main beam 252 close to the first main beam 251. The retractable guardrail 70 is L-shaped as a whole, including a handrail 71 and a retractable seat, the retractable seat including a bottom rod 72 connected to the handrail 71, and a base 73 provided on the second main beam 252. The base 73 is hollow, and the bottom rod 72 is inserted into the base 73. Fig.23 As shown, when the crane is in the construction state, the main hoisting device is installed in the first installation position, and the bottom rod 72 can be pulled out from the base 73 toward the direction of the first main beam 251. Fig.24As shown, when the crane is in production state, the main hoisting device is installed in the second installation position, and the bottom rod 72 can be pushed toward the second main beam 252, so that the handrail 71 of the retractable guardrail 70 will not interfere with the main drum 231.

[0108] The supporting beam 253 is against the second main beam 252, and a second through hole 2531 is provided on the supporting beam 253, through which the steel wire rope of the small hoist passes. A second guard plate 255 is also provided on the other side of the supporting beam 253, and a guardrail 74 is installed on the second guard plate 255. A third through hole 2551 is provided on the inner side of the second guard plate 255, and the steel wire rope of the small hoist passes through the third through hole 2551.

[0109] The two ends of the main beam of the traditional trolley frame are overlapped on the upper end of the secondary beam, so that the overall height of the trolley frame is relatively high. Due to the size limitation of the use scenario of the bridge crane of the utility model in the tunnel, the height of the trolley frame needs to be as small as possible. Fig.25 As shown, the two ends of the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252 of the main trolley of the bridge crane of the utility model are inserted into the first sub-beam 2541 and the second sub-beam 2542, and are welded to the first sub-beam 2541 and the second sub-beam 2542, and the upper surfaces of the first main beam 251 and the second main beam 252 are flush with the upper surfaces of the first sub-beam 2541 and the second sub-beam 2542. In this way, the height of the trolley frame of the utility model is reduced by half compared with the height of the traditional trolley frame.

[0110] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A large-tonnage bridge crane used for hoisting a shield machine in a tunnel, characterized in that: It includes a trolley traveling mechanism, a trolley traveling mechanism, a winch, two fixed pulley blocks and a hook block; the hook block includes two movable pulley blocks connected by a hanging plate, a balance wheel and a main hook; The trolley travel mechanism comprises two parallel bridge frames, both ends of which are slidably connected to the first track; The trolley travel mechanism comprises two parallel first main beams and second main beams, and two ends of the first main beam and the second main beam are respectively slidably connected to two bridge frames; The hoist drum is arranged above the first main beam; The support of the fixed pulley block and the support of the balancing wheel are both located above the first main beam and the second main beam, and the two ends thereof are connected to the first main beam and the second main beam respectively; When the main hook is located at the upper limit position, the movable pulley block is located between the first main beam and the second main beam.

2. The bridge crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shafts of the fixed pulley group, the movable pulley group and the balance wheel are perpendicular to the first main beam and the second main beam; The main hook is connected to the movable pulley block via a hanging plate, and a dimension of the hanging plate perpendicular to the first main beam is smaller than an inner side spacing between the first main beam and the second main beam.

3. The bridge crane according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two ends of the wire rope of the hoist are respectively fixed to the two ends of the drum of the hoist, and the middle of the wire rope is hung on the balance wheel to form a balance wheel section; The left section of the wire rope includes the left section passing around the left section of the winch drum as the left winding section, the left fixed pulley section passing around the left fixed pulley block, and the left movable pulley section passing around the left movable pulley block; The right section of the wire rope comprises a right movable pulley section bypassing a right movable pulley block, a right fixed pulley section bypassing a right fixed pulley block, and a right winding section bypassing a right section of a winch drum.

4. The bridge crane according to claim 3, characterized in that: The trolley travel mechanism includes two parallel side beams, and the two ends of the two side beams are respectively connected to the two ends of the two bridge frames; The two ends of the bridge are inserted into the two ends of the side beam, and the upper surface of the bridge is flush with the upper surface of the side beam.

5. The bridge crane according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a hook assembly sway reduction device; The sway reduction device includes a telescopic rod and a plurality of displacement sensors, as well as a control device and a driving device; The lower end of the telescopic rod is arranged on the top of the hanging plate of the hook group, and the upper part is installed on the telescopic rod mounting seat through a spherical roller bearing; the telescopic rod mounting seat is arranged on the trolley frame of the trolley walking mechanism; The displacement sensor is arranged on the trolley frame of the bridge crane, evenly arranged on the circumference of the circle with the telescopic rod as the center, and is used to detect the position of the telescopic rod and output the displacement data of the telescopic rod to the control device; The control device is used to determine the swing direction of the hook group according to the received displacement data and output a driving instruction to the driving device; The drive device executes the drive instruction to drive the trolley traveling mechanism or the carriage traveling mechanism of the bridge crane to decelerate or accelerate.

6. The bridge crane according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic rod includes a plurality of telescopic joints sleeved from the outside to the inside, the outermost telescopic joint includes an upper pressing plate, a steel pipe and a lower pressing plate, and each internal telescopic joint includes an upper pressing plate, a sliding bearing, a connecting shaft, a steel pipe and a lower pressing plate arranged in sequence from top to bottom; On the same expansion joint, the steel pipe is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting shaft, the sliding bearing is sleeved outside the connecting shaft, and the upper pressure plate is connected to the upper end of the connecting shaft; the outer diameter of the sliding bearing is larger than the outer diameter of the steel pipe; the outer diameter of the upper pressure plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the sliding bearing and larger than the inner diameter of the sliding bearing; the inner diameter of the lower pressure plate is consistent with the inner diameter of the steel pipe; the lower part of the lower pressure plate is connected with a flange ring, the inner diameter of the flange ring is larger than the outer diameter of the steel pipe of the adjacent inner expansion joint, and smaller than the outer diameter of the sliding bearing of the adjacent inner expansion joint.

7. The bridge crane according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a hook group guide device; the hook group guide device includes guide plates respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the first main beam and the second main beam, and the opposite sides of the guide plates on both sides are inclined surfaces; The distance between the upper ends of the opposite slopes is smaller than that between the lower ends; The distance between the upper ends of the opposite inclined surfaces is smaller than the maximum dimension of the hanging plate of the hook group perpendicular to the first main beam; The distance between the lower ends of the opposite inclined surfaces is greater than the maximum dimension of the hanging plate of the hook group perpendicular to the direction of the first main beam.

8. The bridge crane according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hook assembly guide device also includes a guide sleeve and a guide rod; The guide sleeve is arranged on the top of the hanging plate of the hook assembly; The guide rod is connected to the balance wheel support, and the shape and position of the guide rod are adapted to the guide sleeve.

9. The bridge crane according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure plate and a travel switch; A pressing plate is provided at the top end of the guide rod; A vertical shaft hole is provided on the support of the balance wheel; a guide rod is inserted into the shaft hole and is slidably connected with the shaft hole; a pressure plate is located above the shaft hole; It is arranged that when the hook assembly rises to a certain height, the guide rod can be inserted into the guide sleeve, and when the pressure plate at the top of the guide rod presses the contact of the travel switch, the hook assembly continues to rise; when the pressure plate leaves the contact of the travel switch, the hook assembly stops rising.

Images