Glaucoma drainage tube
By designing the spiral distribution of spiral distribution in glaucoma drainage pipes, the diversion pores of spiral distribution are solved, and the problem of poor drainage pipe blocking and poor pressure reduction effects is solved, and more efficient drainage and more stable antihypertensive effects are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420420622.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-05
AI Technical Summary
The existing glaucoma drainage tubes are prone to blockage during drainage, resulting in poor blood pressure reduction and may cause problems with low intraocular pressure.
The design of a glaucoma drainage tube is spirally distributed, and a sharp corner is formed with the main hole to avoid blocking. At the same time, the tilt diversion structure and biochemical polymer materials are used to enhance the drainage effect and stability.
Effectively enhanced the drainage effect, improved the ability to lower blood pressure, avoided blocking the drainage pipe, and reduced the postoperative immune response, and improved the quality of life of patients.
Smart Images
Figure CN222399128U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biomedical materials, in particular to a glaucoma drainage tube. Background Art
[0002] Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy characterized by progressive degeneration of the optic nerve and optic ganglion cells, leading to visual field loss and ultimately blindness. The pathophysiology of glaucoma is primarily caused by an imbalance in the production of aqueous humor (AH) and its drainage through the trabecular meshwork, which results in elevated eye pressure in glaucoma, also known as intraocular pressure (IOP). When the aqueous humor in the aqueous humor cavity does not drain properly, the intraocular pressure gradually increases, leading to compression and damage to the optic nerve. The damaged nerve cannot heal again, ultimately causing blindness in the patient. The only proven treatment to preserve visual function in glaucoma patients is to lower the intraocular pressure.
[0003] There are several treatments for glaucoma, including medication, surgery, and implantation of a glaucoma drainage device (GDD). A GDD is an artificial shunt that bypasses the physiological circuit of the AH flow and creates an alternative pathway for the AH to leave the anterior chamber. However, the conventional GDD has only a single drainage port located in the eye, and the drainage channel will be completely blocked after the tissue is adsorbed during the drainage process. Although some products have evenly spaced drainage ports on the drainage tube from the inlet end to the outlet end, this will lead to low intraocular pressure and also cause irreversible damage to the eye. The number, spacing, and distribution of the drainage ports on the drainage tube also have a very important impact on the overall performance of the drainage tube.
[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for a glaucoma drainage tube that can further enhance the drainage effect and improve the blood pressure lowering ability, while avoiding blockage and not causing the occurrence of low intraocular pressure. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to prepare a glaucoma drainage tube, which has spirally arranged shunt holes, and the angle between the shunt holes and the main channel is an acute angle, so as to enhance the drainage effect, improve the blood pressure reduction ability, and avoid complete blockage of the drainage tube. At the same time, it also has good biocompatibility, reduces postoperative immune reactions and adverse reactions, and improves the patient's quality of life.
[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is:
[0007] A glaucoma drainage tube comprises: a hollow drainage tube, wherein the drainage tube is provided with a plurality of first inclined diversion holes and second inclined diversion holes which are distributed in a spiral manner so that the main channel of the drainage tube communicates with the outside of the tube, the first inclined diversion holes are located at the water inlet end of the drainage tube, the second inclined diversion holes are located at the water outlet end of the drainage tube, and the hole spacing between the first inclined diversion holes is not greater than the hole spacing between the second inclined diversion holes.
[0008] Furthermore, the angle between the first inclined diversion hole and the main channel is greater than 30 degrees and less than 90 degrees, and the distance between the water inlet of the first inclined diversion hole and the water inlet of the drainage pipe is less than the distance between the water outlet of the first inclined diversion hole and the water inlet of the drainage pipe.
[0009] Furthermore, the angle between the second inclined diversion hole and the main channel is greater than 30 degrees and less than 90 degrees, and the distance between the water inlet of the second inclined diversion hole and the water outlet of the drainage pipe is less than the distance between the water outlet of the second inclined diversion hole and the water outlet of the drainage pipe.
[0010] Furthermore, the drainage tube is made of one or more of polyethylene, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polymethacrylate, polyurethane, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyimide, chitosan, cellulose, gelatin, silk fibroin, sericin, collagen and modified materials thereof.
[0011] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the drainage tube is 0.15 mm-0.30 mm, and the inner diameter of the drainage tube is 0.05 mm-0.10 mm.
[0012] Furthermore, when there are three first inclined flow diversion holes and three second inclined flow diversion holes respectively, the diameters of the first inclined flow diversion holes and the second inclined flow diversion holes are 0.03 mm-0.08 mm, and the length of the drainage tube (10) is 5 mm-10 mm.
[0013] Further, when there are four first inclined diverter holes and four second inclined diverter holes respectively, the diameters of the first inclined diverter holes and the second inclined diverter holes are 0.01 mm-0.07 mm, and the length of the drainage tube is 5 mm-10 mm.
[0014] Further, when there are four first inclined diverter holes and four second inclined diverter holes respectively, the diameters of the first inclined diverter holes and the second inclined diverter holes are 0.03 mm-0.08 mm, and the length of the drainage tube is 6 mm-12 mm.
[0015] Further, when there are five first inclined diverter holes and five second inclined diverter holes respectively, and the diameters of the first inclined diverter holes and the second inclined diverter holes are 0.05 mm-0.12 mm, the length of the drainage tube is 6 mm-12 mm.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the shunt holes of the utility model are distributed in a spiral pattern, which effectively improves the anti-twisting and anti-compression capabilities of the drainage tube and reduces the surface tension of the microtube; the drainage tube is modified to effectively improve the stability and hydrophobicity of the drainage tube; inclined shunt holes are used to increase the drainage area and reduce the flow interference caused by tributaries; biocompatible and non-toxic polymers are used as drainage pipe materials, which can reduce the immune response after implantation and is beneficial to long-term implantation in the eye; the side wall shunt structure of the ports on both sides can avoid the drainage tube from being blocked at the inlet and outlet, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of reducing intraocular pressure.
[0017] The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first embodiment of the present application.
[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the glaucoma drainage tube shown.
[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second embodiment of the present application.
[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the third embodiment of the present application.
[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fourth embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention and to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical core of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
[0024] The utility model discloses a glaucoma drainage tube, such as Figure 1As shown, the glaucoma drainage tube is composed of a hollow drainage tube (10), and a plurality of first inclined diversion holes (20) and second inclined diversion holes (30) located on the drainage tube (10). The first inclined diversion holes (20) and the second inclined diversion holes (30) can make the main channel of the drainage tube (10) communicate with the outside of the tube, and the first inclined diversion holes (20) are located at the water inlet end of the drainage tube (10), and the second inclined diversion holes (30) are located at the water outlet end of the drainage tube (10).
[0025] The first inclined flow diversion hole (20) and the second inclined flow diversion hole (30) are spirally distributed on the drainage tube (10), which can effectively improve the anti-twisting and anti-compression capabilities of the drainage tube and reduce the surface tension of the microtube. The hole spacing between the first inclined flow diversion holes (20) is not greater than the hole spacing between the second inclined flow diversion holes (30). Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the hole spacing of the first inclined diverter hole (20) is L1=L2=0.1-0.3mm, L3=0.2mm-0.5mm; and the hole spacing of the second inclined diverter hole (30) is l1=l2=0.3-0.5mm, l3=0.4mm-1mm.
[0026] The angle between the first inclined diverter hole (20) and the inner tube is greater than 30 degrees and less than 90 degrees, and the distance between the first inclined diverter hole water inlet (21) and the drainage tube water inlet (11) is smaller than the distance between the first inclined diverter hole water outlet (22) and the drainage tube water inlet (11). The angle between the second inclined diverter hole (30) and the main channel is greater than 30 degrees and less than 90 degrees, and the distance between the second inclined diverter hole water inlet (31) and the drainage tube water outlet (12) is smaller than the distance between the second inclined diverter hole water outlet (32) and the drainage tube water outlet (12). The first inclined diverter hole (20) is arranged in a spiral shape. The utility model adopts an inclined diverter structure at the two side ports of the drainage tube (10), which can not only avoid the drainage tube from being blocked, but also improve the pressure reduction effect.
[0027] Generally, the outer diameter of the drainage tube (10) in the utility model is 0.15 mm-0.30 mm, and the inner diameter is 0.05 mm-0.10 mm. The length of the drainage tube (10) and the diameters of the first inclined diverter hole (20) and the second inclined diverter hole (30) are related to the number of diverter holes.
[0028] In the first embodiment, if Figure 1As shown, when there are three first inclined diverter holes (20) and three second inclined diverter holes (30), the diameters of the first inclined diverter holes (20) and the second inclined diverter holes (30) are 0.03 mm to 0.08 mm, and the length of the drainage tube (10) is 5 mm to 10 mm.
[0029] In the second embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, when the number of shunt holes on the side wall of the drainage tube is increased to improve the drainage effect, in order to avoid low intraocular pressure, the inner diameter of the shunt hole needs to be reduced. For example, when there are four first inclined shunt holes (20) and four second inclined shunt holes (30), the diameters of the first inclined shunt holes (20) and the second inclined shunt holes (30) are reduced to 0.01 mm-0.07 mm, while the length of the drainage tube (10) remains unchanged at 5 mm-10 mm. In other words, an increase in the number of shunt holes is usually accompanied by a decrease in the inner diameter of the shunt holes.
[0030] In the third embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, when the number of shunt holes on the side wall of the drainage tube is increased to improve the drainage effect, in order to avoid hypotony, the length of the drainage tube needs to be increased. For example, when there are four first inclined shunt holes (20) and four second inclined shunt holes (30), the length of the drainage tube (10) is 6 mm-12 mm, but the diameters of the first inclined shunt holes (20) and the second inclined shunt holes (30) remain unchanged, which are still 0.03 mm-0.08 mm. In other words, an increase in the number of shunt holes is usually accompanied by an increase in the length of the drainage tube.
[0031] In the fourth embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, if the number and diameter of the shunt holes on the side wall of the drainage tube are increased at the same time to improve the drainage effect, in order to avoid hypotony, the length of the drainage tube needs to be increased. For example, when the first inclined shunt hole (20) and the second inclined shunt hole (30) are 5 in number and the diameters of the first inclined shunt hole (20) and the second inclined shunt hole (30) are 0.05 mm-0.12 mm, the length of the drainage tube (10) is 6 mm-12 mm.
[0032] In addition, the utility model uses polymer materials as glaucoma drainage tubes, and also performs surface treatment on the surface of the drainage tube and the shunt hole. Specifically, the utility model can be prepared from one or more of polyethylene, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polymethacrylate, polyurethane, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyimide, chitosan, cellulose, gelatin, silk fibroin, sericin, collagen and modified materials thereof, wherein the modified material is cross-linked and modified using chemical reagents such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, genipin, carbodiimide, diisocyanate, diphenylphosphine azide, etc., which can further improve the stability of the drainage tube.
[0033] In summary, the glaucoma drainage tube of the utility model has shunt holes that are distributed in a spiral pattern, which effectively improves the drainage tube's ability to resist twisting and compression, while reducing the surface tension of the microtube; the drainage tube is modified to effectively improve the drainage tube's stability and hydrophobicity; inclined shunt holes are used to increase the drainage area while reducing the flow interference caused by tributaries; biocompatible and non-toxic polymer materials are used as drainage pipe materials, which can reduce the immune response after implantation and is beneficial to long-term implantation in the eye; the side wall shunt structure of the ports on both sides can avoid the drainage tube from being blocked at the inlet and outlet, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of reducing intraocular pressure.
[0034] The above embodiments are provided only for the purpose of describing the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Various equivalent substitutions and modifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A glaucoma drainage tube, characterized in that: include: A hollow drainage pipe (10), wherein the drainage pipe (10) is provided with a plurality of first inclined flow diversion holes (20) and second inclined flow diversion holes (30) distributed in a spiral pattern so that the main channel of the drainage pipe (10) communicates with the outside of the pipe, the first inclined flow diversion holes (20) are located at the water inlet end of the drainage pipe (10), the second inclined flow diversion holes (30) are located at the water outlet end of the drainage pipe (10), and the hole spacing between the first inclined flow diversion holes (20) is not greater than the hole spacing between the second inclined flow diversion holes (30).
2. The glaucoma drainage tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the first inclined diverter hole (20) and the main channel is greater than 30 degrees and less than 90 degrees, and the distance between the first inclined diverter hole water inlet (21) and the drainage pipe water inlet (11) is smaller than the distance between the first inclined diverter hole water outlet (22) and the drainage pipe water inlet (11).
3. The glaucoma drainage tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the second inclined diverter hole (30) and the main channel is greater than 30 degrees and less than 90 degrees, and the distance between the water inlet (31) of the second inclined diverter hole and the water outlet (12) of the drainage pipe is smaller than the distance between the water outlet (32) of the second inclined diverter hole and the water outlet (12) of the drainage pipe.
4. The glaucoma drainage tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the drainage tube (10) is 0.15 mm-0.30 mm, and the inner diameter of the drainage tube (10) is 0.05 mm-0.10 mm.
5. The glaucoma drainage tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there are three first inclined flow diversion holes (20) and three second inclined flow diversion holes (30), the diameters of the first inclined flow diversion holes (20) and the second inclined flow diversion holes (30) are 0.03 mm to 0.08 mm, and the length of the drainage tube (10) is 5 mm to 10 mm.
6. The glaucoma drainage tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there are four first inclined flow diversion holes (20) and four second inclined flow diversion holes (30), the diameters of the first inclined flow diversion holes (20) and the second inclined flow diversion holes (30) are 0.01 mm to 0.07 mm, and the length of the drainage tube (10) is 5 mm to 10 mm.
7. The glaucoma drainage tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there are four first inclined flow diversion holes (20) and four second inclined flow diversion holes (30), the diameters of the first inclined flow diversion holes (20) and the second inclined flow diversion holes (30) are 0.03 mm to 0.08 mm, and the length of the drainage tube (10) is 6 mm to 12 mm.
8. The glaucoma drainage tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the number of the first inclined flow diversion holes (20) and the number of the second inclined flow diversion holes (30) are respectively five, and the diameters of the first inclined flow diversion holes (20) and the second inclined flow diversion holes (30) are 0.05 mm-0.12 mm, the length of the drainage tube (10) is 6 mm-12 mm.