Energy storage phase change cooling system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an energy storage phase change cooling system, which relates to the technical field of battery heat preservation and heat dissipation, and comprises a box body, a battery cell module, a bow-shaped liquid cooling structure, a PCM (pulse code modulation) filling material and a box cover, when the energy storage system works, the air conditioning unit is normally started, the PCM filling material is in a solid state and serves as an intermediate heat-conducting medium to participate in system operation, heat of the PCM filling material is finally absorbed through the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure and is conveyed to the outer side of the box body through a secondary refrigerant in the liquid cooling structure, and therefore the rapid cooling effect of the battery cell module in the box body is achieved. Therefore, the purpose of stable temperature control is achieved. When the air conditioning unit is shut down abnormally, the heat cannot be effectively transferred to the outside of the box body, at the moment, the PCM filling material continuously absorbs the heat of the battery cell, the PCM filling material is converted into the liquid state from the solid state to generate phase change, but the temperature is not obvious, the risk that the temperature rise is too high due to the fact that the system cannot dissipate heat in a short time can be avoided, and orderly and slow shut down of the whole system is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery heat preservation and heat dissipation, and more specifically to an energy storage phase change cooling system. Background Art

[0002] The safety requirements for electrochemical energy storage are increasing day by day. At present, the mainstream in the industry is lithium iron phosphate batteries, which have problems such as high heat generation during high-power discharge, high requirements for battery temperature control consistency, and the need for preheating before starting at low temperatures. The current energy storage cooling system mainly has two technical routes: air cooling and liquid cooling. Regardless of the form, there are problems such as limited consistency of battery temperature control and poor temperature control maintenance of battery packs. Once the air conditioning unit stops running, the battery temperature will change dramatically, which is not conducive to the system's tolerance to abnormal environments.

[0003] Therefore, how to achieve constant temperature control of electrochemical energy storage cells and effectively dissipate heat from the cells in a short period of time under abnormal conditions of the air-conditioning unit system has become an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is: in order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides an energy storage phase change cooling system, which combines traditional pipeline liquid cooling with phase change PCM materials, achieves temperature control consistency of the cooling object, as well as buffering and weather resistance under abnormal conditions.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A phase-change energy storage cooling system comprises a box body, wherein a battery cell module is arranged inside the box body, wherein the battery cell module comprises a plurality of square battery cells connected in series, wherein a bow-shaped liquid cooling structure is movably inserted in the gaps between the plurality of square battery cells, a PCM filling material is arranged in the gap between the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure and the box body, and a box cover is installed on the upper side of the box body.

[0007] In order to make multiple square battery cells form a battery cell module, as an optimal technical solution for an energy storage phase change cooling system of the utility model, aluminum bars are fixedly connected between the adjacent positive and negative poles of the multiple square battery cells, and the two ends of the battery cell module are respectively the total positive and the total negative. The outsides of the total positive and the total negative are fixedly connected with L-shaped nickel-pressed aluminum bars, and one end of the two L-shaped nickel-pressed aluminum bars extends through the outside of the box, and the end of the L-shaped nickel-pressed aluminum bar located on the outside of the box is connected to the external copper busbar.

[0008] In order to dissipate heat from the phase change material, as an optimal technical solution for an energy storage phase change cooling system of the utility model, the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure includes bow-shaped heat exchange fins, a plurality of internal flow channels are fixed on the outside of the heat exchange fins, both ends of the plurality of internal flow channels are connected to collecting pipes, and the pipe openings of the two collecting pipes extend through and extend to the outside of the box body.

[0009] In order to fix the battery cell module and the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure together, as an optimal technical solution for an energy storage phase change cooling system of the utility model, a fixing structure is arranged on the outside of the battery cell module and the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure, and the fixing structure includes two end plates, and a plurality of threaded rods are connected through the two end plates, and the two end plates squeeze and fix the battery cell module and the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure.

[0010] In order to achieve fire safety spraying inside the box, as an optimal technical solution for an energy storage phase change cooling system of the utility model, a fire protection system pipeline is fixedly installed on the inner side of the box cover, and the fire protection system pipeline includes a main pipeline, and the outside of the main pipeline is connected to a plurality of evenly distributed branch pipelines, and the outer walls of the plurality of branch pipelines are each installed with a plurality of evenly distributed fire sprinkler heads, and one end of the main pipeline extends through and extends to the outside of the box cover.

[0011] In order to fix the box body and the box cover together, as an optimal technical solution for an energy storage phase change cooling system of the utility model, a plurality of mounting holes are opened on the upper end surface of the box body, and a plurality of bolt pairs are installed through and between the box cover and the plurality of mounting holes.

[0012] In order to facilitate the pressure relief of the high-pressure gas in the box, as an optimal technical solution of an energy storage phase change cooling system of the utility model, an explosion-proof valve is fixedly installed on the outside of the box.

[0013] The cooling method of the energy storage phase change cooling system comprises the following steps:

[0014] 1. Phase change PCM filling material is used as a filler. Liquid PCM material under heating conditions is filled into the gaps between the box, the battery module, and the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure. After cooling to room temperature, the PCM filling material returns to a solid state.

[0015] 2. When the air conditioning system is operating normally, the PCM filling material 4 acts as a transition medium to effectively transfer the heat of the battery cell to the outside of the box body 1 via the coolant in the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure 3, thereby achieving effective cooling of the battery cell module 2 inside the box body 1;

[0016] 3. When the air conditioning system is abnormal, the square battery cell heats up. When the temperature exceeds the critical phase change temperature of the PCM filling material, the PCM filling material quickly absorbs the heat of the battery cell and the material changes from solid to liquid, but the temperature does not rise significantly, thus avoiding the risk of thermal runaway caused by a sharp increase in the temperature of the battery module in a short period of time;

[0017] 4. When the ambient temperature is low, the phase change material is in a solidified state. At this time, the phase change PCM filling material acts as a thermal insulation material to isolate the external cold air to ensure that the battery cell will not fluctuate significantly with the ambient temperature.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0019] 1. A bow-shaped liquid cooling structure is movably inserted in the gaps between multiple square battery cells, and PCM filling material is arranged in the gap between the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure and the box body; when the system is operating normally, the PCM filling material acts as a transition medium to effectively transport the heat of the battery cell to the outside of the box body through the coolant in the liquid cooling structure, thereby achieving an effective cooling effect on the battery cell module inside the box body; when the air-conditioning unit is abnormal, the bow-shaped liquid cooling plate stops working. At this time, the battery cell module cannot be shut down quickly, so it continues to generate heat. During this process, the PCM filling material continues to absorb heat and undergoes a phase change after reaching a critical value. Due to its phase change heat absorption, the temperature rise is not obvious, which can effectively control the battery cell temperature and avoid the risk of thermal runaway caused by excessive temperature rise;

[0020] 2. Bow-shaped heat exchange fins are arranged to be inserted between multiple square battery cells, thereby increasing the contact surface between the internal flow channel and the battery cell module; when the system is operating normally, the PCM is in a solid state and acts as an intermediate heat transfer medium to transfer heat to the bow-shaped cold plate. The coolant in its internal flow channel absorbs heat and transports it to the outside of the box. The collectors at both ends of the internal flow channel are used for the input and output of the coolant, thereby improving the heat dissipation and cooling efficiency of the energy storage equipment;

[0021] 3. When the ambient temperature is low, the phase change material is in a solidified state. At this time, the phase change PCM filling material acts as a thermal insulation material, effectively isolating the battery cell from the external cold air, and preventing the battery cell temperature from being too low due to the ambient temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a split schematic diagram of the main structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the battery module, bow-shaped liquid cooling structure, and fixed structure;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the fixed structure;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box cover;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the battery module and the box are assembled;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model after overall assembly.

[0028] Figure numerals: 1. Box body; 101. Mounting hole; 2. Battery cell module; 201. Square battery cell; 202. Aluminum bar; 203. L-shaped nickel-pressed aluminum bar; 3. Bow-shaped liquid cooling structure; 301. Heat exchange fins; 302. Internal flow channel; 303. Collector; 4. PCM filling material; 5. Box cover; 501. Bolt pair; 6. Fixing structure; 601. End plate; 602. Threaded rod; 7. Fire protection system pipeline; 701. Main pipeline; 702. Branch pipeline; 703. Fire sprinkler head; 8. Explosion-proof valve; 9. Integrated line bar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0031] See also Figure 1-6 The utility model provides the following technical solutions: an energy storage phase change cooling system, including a box body 1, a battery cell module 2 is arranged inside the box body 1, the battery cell module 2 includes a plurality of square battery cells 201 connected in series, a bow-shaped liquid cooling structure 3 is movably inserted in the gap between the plurality of square battery cells 201, a PCM filling material 4 is arranged in the gap between the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure 3 and the box body 1, and a box cover 5 is installed on the upper side of the box body 1.

[0032] In this embodiment: when an abnormality occurs in the air-conditioning unit system, the PCM filling material 4 changes from solid to liquid, and a phase change occurs without significant temperature rise, effectively absorbing the heat caused by the continuous operation of the battery cell module 2; thereby effectively ensuring the orderly shutdown of the system, or after the air-conditioning unit system returns to normal in a short period of time, re-participating in the thermal cycle of the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure 3, and transferring heat to the outside of the box, thereby achieving efficient temperature control and preventing the risk of thermal runaway.

[0033] As a technical optimization solution of the utility model, aluminum bars 202 are fixedly connected between adjacent positive and negative poles of multiple square battery cells 201. The two ends of the battery cell module 2 are respectively the total positive and the total negative. The outsides of the total positive and the total negative are fixedly connected with L-shaped nickel-pressed aluminum bars 203. One ends of the two L-shaped nickel-pressed aluminum bars 203 extend through to the outside of the box body 1.

[0034] In this embodiment: a plurality of square battery cells 201 are connected in series through a plurality of aluminum bars 202 to form a whole battery cell module 2, and the total positive and negative of the battery cell module 2 are connected to external copper busbars through L-shaped nickel-pressed aluminum bars 203.

[0035] As a technical optimization solution of the utility model, the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure 3 includes a bow-shaped heat exchange fin 301, and a plurality of internal flow channels 302 are fixed to the outside of the heat exchange fin 301. Both ends of the plurality of internal flow channels 302 are connected to collecting pipes 303, and the pipe openings of the two collecting pipes 303 extend through and extend to the outside of the box body 1.

[0036] In this embodiment: the bow-shaped heat exchange fins 301 are used to be inserted between multiple square battery cells 201 to increase the contact area between the internal flow channel 302 and the battery cell module 2. When the system works normally, the phase change PCM filling material 4 acts as the intermediate heat conduction medium to transfer heat to the heat exchange fins 301, and then the coolant in the internal flow channel 302 absorbs the heat and transports it to the outside of the box body 1. The collecting pipes 303 at both ends of the internal flow channel 302 are used to input and output the coolant, thereby improving the heat dissipation and cooling efficiency of the energy storage device.

[0037] As a technical optimization solution of the utility model, a fixing structure 6 is provided on the outer side of the battery cell module 2 and the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure 3. The fixing structure 6 includes two end plates 601. A plurality of threaded rods 602 are connected through the two end plates 601.

[0038] In the present embodiment: end plates 601 are provided at both left and right ends of the battery cell module 2, and a plurality of threaded rods 602 are respectively located at the front and rear sides of the battery cell module 2, and both ends of the threaded rods 602 respectively pass through the two end plates 601 and are fastened by nuts, and then the battery cell module 2 and the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure 3 are squeezed and fixed by the two end plates 601, thereby fixing the positions of the battery cell module 2 and the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure 3 to form a whole.

[0039] As a technical optimization solution of the utility model, a fire protection system pipeline 7 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the box cover 5, and the fire protection system pipeline 7 includes a main pipeline 701. The outer side of the main pipeline 701 is connected to a plurality of evenly distributed branch pipelines 702. The outer walls of the plurality of branch pipelines 702 are each installed with a plurality of evenly distributed fire sprinkler heads 703. One end of the main pipeline 701 extends through and to the outer side of the box cover 5.

[0040] In this embodiment, the main pipeline 701 and the plurality of branch pipelines 702 are evenly distributed in a cross shape, and a plurality of fire sprinkler heads 703 are respectively arranged on the branch pipelines, so as to achieve a uniform spraying effect of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0041] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, a plurality of mounting holes 101 are provided on the upper end surface of the box body 1 , and a plurality of bolt pairs 501 are installed through and between the box cover 5 and the plurality of mounting holes 101 .

[0042] In this embodiment, the box body 1 and the box cover 5 are fixedly connected by a plurality of bolt pairs 501, so that the entire energy storage concentrated box body 1 is in a sealed state.

[0043] As a technical optimization solution of the present utility model, an explosion-proof valve 8 and an integrated wire row 9 are fixedly installed on the outer side of the box body 1.

[0044] In this embodiment: the explosion-proof valve 8 is connected to the interior of the box 1. When a fire occurs inside the box and high-pressure gas is generated, the explosion-proof valve 8 can be used to relieve pressure inside the box. The integrated line row 9 is used for collecting sensor temperature control inside the box 1.

[0045] Installation process and working principle of this utility model equipment:

[0046] 1. Multiple square cells 201 are arranged at the concave positions of the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure 3, i.e., multiple concave places of the heat exchange fins 301, and are stacked and extruded through the end plates 601 on both sides and the threaded rods 602 to ensure that the multiple cells are closely fitted to the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure 3, and then multiple cells are connected in series through multiple aluminum bars 202, and the total positive and negative of the cell module 2 are connected to external copper bars through two L-shaped nickel-pressed aluminum bars 203;

[0047] 2. Place the cell module 2 assembled in step 1 into the box 1, and fill the liquid phase change PCM filling material 4 between the box 1, the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure 3, and the plurality of square cells 201. The PCM filling material 4 is normally in a solid state.

[0048] 3. The cooling pipeline includes two manifolds 303 connected to the internal flow channel 302. The two manifolds 303 are respectively a water inlet and a water outlet. The fire protection system pipeline 7 is installed on the inner side of the box cover 5 and located on the top of the battery cell. The fire protection system pipeline 7 is provided with a water inlet pipeline and a sprinkler head. All of the above pipelines enter and exit the box body 1 through a sealing plug;

[0049] Fourth, an explosion-proof valve 8 and an integrated wire row 9 are provided on the side of the box 1 for pressure relief inside the box 1 and collection of internal sensor temperature control;

[0050] 5. After all the above devices are installed and arranged, the box cover 5 and the box body 1 are fixed by a plurality of bolt pairs 501;

[0051] 6. When the air conditioning system operates normally, the PCM filling material 4 acts as a transition medium to effectively transfer the heat of the battery cell to the outside of the box body 1 via the coolant in the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure 3, thereby achieving effective cooling of the battery cell module 2 inside the box body 1;

[0052] 7. When the air conditioning system is abnormal, the square battery cell 201 generates heat. When the temperature exceeds the critical phase change temperature of the PCM filling material 4, the PCM filling material 4 continuously absorbs heat from the battery cell module 2. At this time, the material undergoes a phase change from solid to liquid, thereby taking away the heat from the battery cell and avoiding the risk of thermal runaway.

[0053] 8. When the ambient temperature is low, the phase change material is in a solidified state. At this time, the phase change PCM filling material 4 acts as a thermal insulation material, which can effectively isolate the battery cell from the external cold air and avoid the battery cell temperature being too low due to the ambient temperature.

[0054] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the embodiments of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only applicable to help understand the principles of the embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the embodiments of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage phase change cooling system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a box (1), wherein a battery cell module (2) is arranged inside the box (1), wherein the battery cell module (2) comprises a plurality of square battery cells (201) connected in series, wherein a bow-shaped liquid cooling structure (3) is movably inserted into the gaps between the plurality of square battery cells (201), a PCM filling material (4) is arranged in the gap between the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure (3) and the box (1), and a box cover (5) is installed on the upper side of the box (1).

2. The energy storage phase change cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An aluminum bar (202) is fixedly connected between adjacent positive and negative electrodes of the plurality of square battery cells (201); the two ends of the battery cell module (2) are respectively a total positive and a total negative; the outsides of the total positive and total negative are fixedly connected with L-shaped nickel-pressed aluminum bars (203); one end of each of the two L-shaped nickel-pressed aluminum bars (203) extends through to the outside of the box (1); and one end of the L-shaped nickel-pressed aluminum bar (203) located outside the box (1) is connected to an external copper busbar.

3. The energy storage phase change cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bow-shaped liquid cooling structure (3) comprises a bow-shaped heat exchange fin (301), a plurality of internal flow channels (302) are fixed on the outside of the heat exchange fin (301), both ends of the plurality of internal flow channels (302) are connected to a collecting pipe (303), and the pipe openings of the two collecting pipes (303) extend through and extend to the outside of the box body (1).

4. The energy storage phase change cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing structure (6) is provided on the outer sides of the battery cell module (2) and the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure (3), and the fixing structure (6) is used to fix the battery cell module (2) and the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure (3).

5. The energy storage phase change cooling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing structure (6) comprises two end plates (601), a plurality of threaded rods (602) are connected through the two end plates (601), and the two end plates (601) squeeze and fix the battery module (2) and the bow-shaped liquid cooling structure (3).

6. The energy storage phase change cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fire protection system pipeline (7) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the box cover (5), and the fire protection system pipeline (7) is used for spraying inside the box body (1) for fire safety.

7. The energy storage phase change cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fire protection system pipeline (7) comprises a main pipeline (701), the outer side of the main pipeline (701) is connected to a plurality of evenly distributed branch pipelines (702), the outer walls of the plurality of branch pipelines (702) are each installed with a plurality of evenly distributed fire sprinkler heads (703), and one end of the main pipeline (701) extends through and to the outer side of the box cover (5).

8. The energy storage phase change cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the box body (1) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes (101), and a plurality of bolt pairs (501) are installed through and between the box cover (5) and the plurality of mounting holes (101).

9. The energy storage phase change cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An explosion-proof valve (8) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the box body (1).

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