Lawn slope protection structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lawn slope protection structure, relates to the field of slope protection, and aims to solve the problems that a broken sandstone cutting slope protection net is difficult to arrange and the survival rate of vegetation is low, anchor bars are implanted into an existing grid beam to serve as hanging points to fix a coconut fiber net and a steel wire net, and base materials containing vegetation seeds are sprayed on the coconut fiber net and the steel wire net. And the non-woven fabric is used for protecting the base material, so that the survival rate of the vegetation on the surface of the broken sandstone is increased, and the slope protection vegetation landscape restoration effect is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of slope protection, in particular to a lawn slope protection structure. Background Art

[0002] Ecological slope protection technology is a slope protection method that integrates engineering mechanics, soil science, ecology and botany. It mainly protects and reinforces the surface of the slope by planting plants and using the interaction between plants and rocks and soil (such as root anchoring). The roots of vegetation can produce a large amount of viscose and polysaccharides during growth and development. These substances help to bind soil particles together, thereby improving the soil's anti-scouring performance. This method not only meets the requirements for the stability of the slope surface, but also helps to restore the natural ecological environment destroyed by vegetation.

[0003] A Chinese patent application (publication number: CN116806610 A) discloses a coconut fiber carpet slope protection and maintenance material for improving the early greening effect. The slope surface is fully covered, and the growth rate of vegetation is greatly improved by improving the mesh surface. However, for sandstone road cutting slopes with severe weathering and relatively broken slopes, the current maintenance materials are inconvenient to arrange. On slopes with broken sandstone, the protection net structure is difficult to effectively fix and is prone to damage and failure. In addition, the soil of broken sandstone road cutting slopes is usually sandy soil, which has a low organic matter content, insufficient nutrients such as hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium, and the soil is alkaline, which is not conducive to plant growth, resulting in a low vegetation survival rate, and the slope protection vegetation landscape restoration effect is difficult to meet the demand. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a lawn slope protection structure in view of the defects of the prior art, which uses anchor bars to be implanted into existing grid beams as hanging points to fix the arranged coconut fiber nets and steel wire meshes, and sprays a substrate containing vegetation seeds thereon to provide a soil environment and nutrition for vegetation growth, and uses non-woven fabrics to protect the substrate, thereby improving the vegetation survival rate on the surface of broken sandstone, thereby effectively improving the vegetation landscape restoration effect of the slope protection.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0006] A lawn slope protection structure, comprising:

[0007] The base material layer, including the matrix, is laid along the slope surface and covers the slope surface; vegetation seeds are scattered on and in the matrix;

[0008] The mesh layer includes a coconut fiber net and a soil-fixing net. The coconut fiber net is laid between the soil-fixing net and the slope surface. The soil-fixing net is attached to the slope surface by connecting anchor bars. The coconut fiber net and the soil-fixing net are both located in the base material layer. One end of the anchor bar is anchored to the slope, and the other end extends into the base material layer.

[0009] The protective layer comprises non-woven fabric, which is laid along the surface of the substrate layer and adhered to the surface of the substrate layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the anchor bars are arranged in an array along the plane where the slope surface is located, and the anchor bars are fixed to the soil-fixing net by binding.

[0011] Furthermore, a hook is provided at one end of the anchor bar outside the slope, and the hook is hooked on the soil-fixing net.

[0012] Furthermore, the soil-fixing net adopts a three-dimensional geonet mat, a metal wire mesh or a geocell net.

[0013] Furthermore, the coconut fiber net is equipped with U-shaped nails, and the open ends of the U-shaped nails pass through the coconut fiber net and are fixed to the slope surface.

[0014] Furthermore, the coconut fiber net and the soil-fixing net extend along the slope surface to above the slope surface, and are fixed to the concrete top beam at the top of the slope surface through anchor bars and U-shaped nails.

[0015] Furthermore, the mesh distribution density of the coconut fiber net is greater than the mesh distribution density of the soil-fixing net.

[0016] Furthermore, the anchor bars are embedded in the slope concrete grid beams.

[0017] Furthermore, a drip irrigation pipe is fixed on the soil-fixing net, and an array-distributed water outlet is opened on the drip irrigation pipe. A plurality of drip irrigation pipes are connected to form a pipe network, and the pipe network is connected to a water inlet for connecting to an external water source.

[0018] Furthermore, the pipe network is distributed along the surface of the soil-fixing net, the pipe network is buried in the base material layer, and the water inlet is located at the bottom of the pipe network.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0020] The utility model aims to solve the problems that the protective net for the broken sandstone road cutting slope is difficult to arrange and the vegetation survival rate is low. The utility model uses anchor bars to be implanted in the existing grid beams as hanging points, fixes the arranged coconut fiber net and steel wire mesh, and sprays a substrate containing vegetation seeds thereon to provide a soil environment and nutrition for vegetation growth. The substrate is protected by non-woven fabrics, thereby improving the vegetation survival rate on the surface of the broken sandstone, thereby effectively improving the slope protection vegetation landscape restoration effect.

[0021] In the utility model, anchor bars are arranged as hanging point fixing structures, one end of which is placed in the slope to ensure the stability of the hanging point of the slope, and the other end forms a hook structure to actively hook the soil-fixing net, thereby ensuring the stability of the soil-fixing net, improving its layout efficiency, and reducing the problems of breakage and failure.

[0022] In the utility model, U-shaped nails are arranged as the fixing structure of the coconut fiber net, which can improve the fit between the coconut fiber net and the slope surface, improve the soil fixing ability thereof, and improve the stability of the slope.

[0023] In the utility model, a pipe network is pre-buried in the base material layer, and drip irrigation is directly performed during maintenance, thereby reducing water consumption and improving irrigation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the lawn slope protection structure in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a top view schematic diagram of the lawn slope protection structure in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of anchor bars in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0027] Explanation of the numbers (in order of first appearance): 1. Slope, 2. Base material layer, 3. Coconut fiber mesh, 4. Soil-fixing mesh, 5. Anchor bars, 6. Concrete top beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0029] Compared with the vegetation restoration of ordinary slopes 1, for the sandstone road cutting slope 1 with severely weathered and relatively broken slope surface, there are problems such as inconvenient arrangement of maintenance materials and low vegetation survival rate after arrangement. In this regard, the present embodiment provides a lawn slope protection structure, which uses a combination of coconut fiber net 4 and soil-fixing net 4 to restrain the sandstone gravel on the slope 1, and supplements the base material as the basis for vegetation growth. Before the vegetation emerges and in the early stage of growth, non-woven fabrics are used for protection to improve the vegetation survival rate.

[0030] The following is a detailed description of the lawn slope protection structure with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 The lawn slope protection structure mainly includes a substrate layer 2 and a grid layer. The grid layer adopts a combination of a coconut fiber net 4 and a soil-fixing net 4, and is fixed by anchor bars 5 as hanging points to ensure the adhesion and stability of the coconut fiber net 4 and the soil-fixing net 4 on the slope surface of the slope 1. The anchor bars 5 can be inserted into the slope 1 and fixed. The substrate layer 2 is covered on the slope surface of the slope 1 in a spraying manner. The substrate layer 2 is a matrix mixed with vegetation seeds. Prepared seeds are sprinkled in the matrix and on the surface of the matrix. After the vegetation seeds in the matrix and on the surface of the matrix germinate and grow, a lawn is formed to protect the slope 1, thereby forming a lawn slope protection structure.

[0031] Specifically, the mesh layer includes a coconut fiber net 4 and a soil-fixing net 4. The coconut fiber net 4 is laid between the soil-fixing net 4 and the slope surface of the slope 1, which can effectively fix the soil and prevent soil erosion. The soil-fixing net 4 is attached to the slope surface of the slope 1 by connecting anchor bars 5, thereby enhancing the overall stability. The coconut fiber net 4 and the soil-fixing net 4 are both located in the substrate layer 2, and one end of the anchor bar 5 is anchored to the slope 1, and the other end extends into the substrate layer 2.

[0032] Under the action of natural forces such as water scouring and wind erosion, the soil on the slope surface is easily lost, resulting in the instability of the slope. In this embodiment, by introducing the grid layer, the grid layer is physically fixed and connected with the anchor bar 5 to jointly resist water scouring and wind erosion, reduce the loss of the matrix on the slope surface, and improve the overall stability of the slope.

[0033] Among them, the coconut fiber net 4 and the soil-fixing net 4 both play a role in improving stability in the lawn slope protection structure. The coconut fiber net 4, as a mesh structure made of natural coconut fiber, has good flexibility and toughness, can adapt to various complex terrains and landforms, and fit closely to the soil of the slope 1. It can not only prevent soil erosion, but also enhance the friction between soil particles, thereby improving the anti-slip performance of the slope 1.

[0034] In this embodiment, the coconut fiber net 4 is a machine-woven coconut net with a wire diameter of 4 mm, a mesh size of 4×4 cm, and a width of 2 m.

[0035] The coconut fiber net 4 can provide a good growth environment for plants and promote the recovery and growth of vegetation. The roots of plants can pass through the mesh layer, go deep into the ground, and closely combine with the coconut fiber net 4 to form a stable ecosystem. It can prevent the impact of heavy rain and strong winds and enhance the self-repair ability of the slope 1.

[0036] The coconut fiber net 4 is an environmentally friendly material, which can be degraded into organic matter and will not pollute the environment. At the same time, the use of the coconut fiber net 4 can also promote vegetation recovery, which is beneficial to the balance and stability of the ecosystem.

[0037] For the severely weathered and relatively broken sandstone road cutting slope 1, during the vegetation landscape restoration process, the soil slope 1 with a slope less than 1:1 mostly uses a three-dimensional geonet pad as the soil-fixing net 4, and the stone slope 1 with a slope greater than 1:1 mostly uses a metal wire mesh or a geocell net as the soil-fixing net 4. Adjacent soil-fixing nets 4 should be connected in parallel without repeated overlap, and the gap between the soil-fixing net 4 and the slope surface is less than 20 mm.

[0038] The three-dimensional geonet is made of high-density polyethylene and has high tensile strength and durability. It can effectively prevent water erosion and weathering erosion, firmly fix the soil on the slope surface, and reduce soil erosion.

[0039] The metal wire mesh is made of 14# hot-dip galvanized wire mesh, with a wire diameter of 2.2mm, a mesh size of 5×5cm, and a wire mesh width of 2m. The metal wire mesh is woven and connected with φ2.2 wire. The metal wire mesh and the longitudinal and transverse steel bars are tied with φ2.2 galvanized wire at a spacing of 30cm, and each tie is not less than 5 turns.

[0040] Seeds can be evenly distributed on the surface and in the gaps of the soil-fixing net 4, providing conditions for vegetation growth. At the same time, the roots of vegetation can pass through the gaps of the soil-fixing net 4, go deep into the ground, and tightly combine with the soil to form a stable vegetation layer. After the soil-fixing net 4 is tightly combined with the soil, it can form a stable whole and enhance the anti-skid ability of the slope 1. Even on steep slopes, the soil-fixing net 4 can effectively prevent the occurrence of landslides and collapses.

[0041] The coconut fiber net 4 and the soil-fixing net 4 each play an important role in the lawn slope protection structure and can work together. The mesh distribution density of the coconut fiber net 4 is greater than the mesh distribution density of the soil-fixing net 4. The coconut fiber net 4 mainly provides soil stability and vegetation growth support, while the soil-fixing net 4 is mainly used to fix the soil and enhance the anti-skid ability. The combined use of these two materials can greatly improve the effect of lawn slope protection and protect the ecological environment.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the base material layer 2 is the foundation of the slope protection structure, and there are vegetation seeds mixed inside it. These seeds can grow under suitable conditions to form a stable vegetation layer. This not only enhances the stability of the soil, but also provides a good ecological environment.

[0043] Traditional slope protection methods often only consider physical stability, but ignore the creation of an ecological environment. The introduction of the substrate layer 2 effectively combines the advantages of physical slope protection and ecological slope protection, achieving a sustainable slope protection effect.

[0044] It should be pointed out that the thickness of the matrix containing vegetation seeds should be 10cm-12cm, and it should be sprayed from the front. The concave and convex areas and other dead corners should be sprayed again. Before spraying the matrix, it should be germinated 3 to 5 days in advance according to the ecological habits of the different seeds it contains.

[0045] The matrix is ​​made of high-quality cultivated soil mixed with matrix materials and vegetation seeds. The matrix materials can be peat soil or peat soil, grass fiber or wood fiber, fertilizer, water retaining agent, adhesive, humus, etc. Vegetation seeds are herbaceous seeds. Before spraying, the germination rate of batch seeds is measured and the amount of vegetation seeds is calculated based on the actual area.

[0046] In addition, since the grid layer is located in the matrix layer and there is a gap between the grid layer and the slope surface 1, the matrix layer can be sprayed in layers. The sprayed matrix is ​​composed of high-quality cultivated soil, mud (grass) charcoal soil, adhesive, water retaining agent, plant fiber, fertilizer, humus, etc.

[0047] The matrix layer is divided into a base layer sprayed directly on the surface of the slope 1 and a surface layer sprayed on the base layer. For the base layer, the matrix adopts a mixture ratio of: 75% cultivated soil, 20% peat soil, 3% humus (which can be processed from mushroom fertilizer, rice husks, sawdust, etc.), 1‰ water retaining agent, 1.2‰ adhesive, and the thickness of the base layer is not less than 70mm; for the surface layer, the matrix adopts a mixture ratio of: 30-40% clay, 50-60% peat soil, 2% plant fiber, 5% organic fertilizer, 0.8-1‰ water retaining agent, 1-1.5‰ adhesive, 2% compound fertilizer, and the thickness of the surface layer is not less than 30mm.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the mesh layer is fixed by anchor bars 5, which are arranged in an array along the plane where the slope surface is located, and the anchor bars 5 are fixed to the soil fixing net 4 by binding. Figure 3 As shown, one end of the anchor bar 5 outside the slope 1 is provided with a hook, and the hook is hooked on the soil consolidation net 4. Some anchor bars 5 can be implanted in the concrete grid beam of the slope 1, and other anchor bars 5 are directly implanted in the slope 1.

[0049] The soil-fixing net 4 and the ends of the anchor bars 5 are fastened with φ2.2mm galvanized iron wire. The anchor bars 5 used for hanging the net are drilled with a pneumatic drill with a hole diameter of φ50mm, and No. 30 mortar is injected for anchoring. The ends of the anchor bars 5 are exposed 100mm from the slope or rock surface and are treated with rust prevention. The distance between adjacent anchor bars 5 is 2m.

[0050] The coconut fiber net 4 can also be pre-fixed after laying to facilitate the layout of the soil-fixing net 4. The coconut fiber net 4 is equipped with U-shaped nails. The open ends of the U-shaped nails pass through the coconut fiber net 4 and are fixed to the slope surface of the slope 1. The coconut fiber net 4 and the soil-fixing net 4 extend along the slope surface of the slope 1 to the top of the slope surface of the slope 1, and are fixed to the concrete top beam 6 at the top of the slope surface of the slope 1 through anchor bars 5 and U-shaped nails.

[0051] After the substrate layer is sprayed, a protective layer is covered on the outside of the substrate layer. The protective layer is made of non-woven fabric, which is laid along the surface of the substrate layer 2 and adhered to the surface of the substrate layer 2. The protective layer is made of non-woven fabric and laid on the surface of the substrate layer 2. Its main function is to prevent initial rain erosion and wind erosion, and protect the growth of the substrate layer 2 and the vegetation seeds. The non-woven fabric has good air permeability and water permeability, and will not hinder the growth of vegetation.

[0052] In the early stage of vegetation seed growth, the soil and seeds are relatively fragile and easily damaged by external factors. The introduction of the protective layer provides a temporary protective barrier for the substrate layer 2 and the vegetation seeds, ensuring that the vegetation can grow smoothly until a stable vegetation layer is formed.

[0053] The lawn slope protection structure in this embodiment realizes the combination of physical slope protection and ecological slope protection through the organic combination of substrate layer 2, grid layer and protective layer, effectively solves the problems of soil erosion and slope instability, and at the same time creates a good ecological environment and achieves a sustainable slope protection effect.

[0054] In addition, since the present embodiment is aimed at the broken sandstone road cutting slope 1, and the slope is relatively large and is seldom stepped on by people, in order to improve the maintenance effect of green vegetation, a drip irrigation pipe is fixed on the soil-fixing net 4, and an array-distributed water outlet is opened on the drip irrigation pipe, which can disperse the internal water to the roots of the green plants in the substrate layer 2, thereby improving the irrigation effect. After multiple drip irrigation pipes are connected, a pipe network is formed to increase its coverage range. The pipe network is connected with a water inlet for connecting to an external water source, such as a water pump, a pressure tank, etc.

[0055] The pipe network is distributed along the surface of the soil-fixing net 4 and can be fixed by tying with steel wire, or by using plastic ties, degradable ties, etc. After the vegetation survives, the roots will be entangled in the pipe network, which can also play a good fixing role for the pipe network. The pipe network is buried in the substrate layer 2, and the water inlet is located at the bottom of the pipe network. Water is supplied from the bottom to the top to ensure the irrigation effect.

[0056] The above detailed description of the specific implementation of the utility model is only used as an example, and the utility model is not limited to the specific implementation described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modification or substitution of the utility model is also within the scope of the utility model. Therefore, the equalization, modification, improvement, etc. made without departing from the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A lawn slope protection structure, characterized in that: include: The base material layer, including the matrix, is laid along the slope surface and covers the slope surface; vegetation seeds are scattered on and in the matrix; The mesh layer includes a coconut fiber net and a soil-fixing net. The coconut fiber net is laid between the soil-fixing net and the slope surface. The soil-fixing net is attached to the slope surface by connecting anchor bars. The coconut fiber net and the soil-fixing net are both located in the base material layer. One end of the anchor bar is anchored to the slope, and the other end extends into the base material layer. The protective layer comprises non-woven fabric, which is laid along the surface of the substrate layer and adhered to the surface of the substrate layer.

2. The lawn slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor bars are arranged in an array along the plane where the slope surface is located, and the anchor bars are fixed to the soil-fixing net by binding.

3. The lawn slope protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A hook is arranged at one end of the anchor bar outside the slope, and the hook is hooked on the soil consolidation net.

4. The lawn slope protection structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The soil-fixing net adopts a three-dimensional geonet pad, a metal wire mesh or a geocell net.

5. The lawn slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coconut fiber net is matched with U-shaped nails, and the open ends of the U-shaped nails pass through the coconut fiber net and are fixed on the slope surface.

6. The lawn slope protection structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The coconut fiber net and the soil-fixing net extend along the slope surface to above the slope surface, and are fixed to the concrete top beam at the top of the slope surface through anchor bars and U-shaped nails.

7. The lawn slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh distribution density of the coconut fiber net is greater than the mesh distribution density of the soil-fixing net.

8. The lawn slope protection structure according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The anchor bars are embedded in the slope concrete grid beam.

9. The lawn slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drip irrigation pipe is fixed on the soil-fixing net, and an array-distributed water outlet is opened on the drip irrigation pipe. A plurality of drip irrigation pipes are connected to form a pipe network, and the pipe network is connected to a water inlet for connecting to an external water source.

10. The lawn slope protection structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pipe network is distributed along the surface of the soil-fixing net, the pipe network is buried in the base material layer, and the water inlet is located at the bottom of the pipe network.

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