Horizontal steam generator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a horizontal steam generator which comprises a cylindrical shell, a heating tube bundle is arranged in the cylindrical shell, the heating tube bundle is divided into a fuel gas heating tube bundle and a water heating tube bundle, a fuel gas premixing cavity, a mixing cavity and a collecting cavity are sequentially communicated through the fuel gas heating tube bundle, and the water heating tube bundle is communicated with the fuel gas premixing cavity. The water heating tube bundle is used for sequentially communicating the water storage cavity, the mixing cavity and the collecting cavity; water and methane-rich gas are heated in a partitioned mode, high-temperature fluid firstly heats the water, and then the methane-rich gas is heated after the temperature of tail gas is reduced, so that the heat energy utilization efficiency of the high-temperature fluid is improved, meanwhile, on the premise that the heat exchange capacity is guaranteed, pressure drop loss can be effectively controlled, and the methane-rich gas heating carbon deposition phenomenon can be effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of steam generators for producing hydrogen or synthesis gas, and in particular relates to a horizontal steam generator. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein merely provide background art related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Hydrogen production from natural gas refers to a process in which natural gas, oilfield gas, coke oven gas, refinery tail gas or light oil is used as raw materials under high temperature and high pressure conditions, with the help of nickel-based catalysts in the reformer tubes to promote the reforming reaction between the raw gas and water vapor inside the reformer tubes to produce synthetic ammonia raw gas (i.e. hydrogen).

[0004] For the steam reforming reaction process in the natural gas reforming hydrogen production process, a steam generator is usually required to heat water into water vapor, and the natural gas needs to be heated at the same time. The existing steam generator is a heat exchanger design based on the boiler principle. A plate or shell and tube heat exchanger is designed inside the steam generator. Liquid water enters the inside or surface of the heat exchanger through the water inlet device, and is heated to boiling water vapor by the high-temperature heat source inside the heat exchanger or by heating methods such as electricity and fuel. The boiled water vapor is mixed with carbon fuel and enters the carbon fuel reforming device through the gas outlet for reforming reaction. Since multiple mixed fuel gases need to be heated in the natural gas reforming hydrogen production process, the steam generator with a plate or shell and tube heat exchanger inside causes the mixed gas to be heated unevenly and insufficiently per unit time, resulting in poor heat exchange effect, and the effective use of heat sources cannot be achieved. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a horizontal steam generator, which is an all-in-one thermal component suitable for producing hydrogen or synthesis gas, and can realize the sequential heating of water / steam and methane-rich fuel gas in different zones and the full mixing of the heated gases.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a horizontal steam generator, comprising a cylindrical shell, in which a heating tube bundle is arranged, and the heating tube bundle is divided into a gas heating tube bundle and a water heating tube bundle, wherein the gas heating tube bundle connects the gas premixing chamber, the mixing chamber and the collecting chamber in sequence, and the water heating tube bundle connects the water storage chamber, the mixing chamber and the collecting chamber in sequence.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the heating tube bundle includes a plurality of annular heating tubes, and the plurality of annular heating tubes are evenly distributed in a cylindrical shell, and the cylindrical shell is connected to a high-temperature fluid inlet pipe.

[0009] As a further technical solution, high-temperature fluid is introduced into the high-temperature fluid inlet pipe, and the high-temperature fluid first flows through the water heating tube bundle and then flows through the gas heating tube bundle.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the gas premixing chamber, the mixing chamber, the collecting chamber and the water storage chamber are arranged on the heating tube bundle and are distributed circumferentially on the heating tube bundle.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the gas premixing chamber and the water storage chamber are arranged at the bottom position of the cylindrical shell, the collecting chamber is arranged opposite to the gas premixing chamber and the water storage chamber, and mixing chambers are arranged on both sides of the collecting chamber.

[0012] As a further technical solution, a plurality of fins are arranged in the circumferential direction of the heating tube bundle.

[0013] As a further technical solution, a gas inlet pipe is provided on the gas premixing chamber, and a porous outer cylinder and a porous inner cylinder are provided in the gas premixing chamber, and the porous outer cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the porous inner cylinder.

[0014] As a further technical solution, at least two gas inlet pipes are provided, and the porous outer cylinder and the porous inner cylinder are spaced a certain distance apart.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the mixing chamber is a quadrilateral shell structure, a porous plate is arranged in the mixing chamber, and the porous plate is inclined along the diagonal line of the mixing chamber.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the collecting chamber is communicated with the mixed gas outlet pipe.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned embodiments of the utility model are as follows:

[0018] The horizontal steam generator provided by the utility model adopts a partition heat exchange method to heat water and methane-rich gas in different areas. The high-temperature fluid heats the water first, and then heats the methane-rich gas after the exhaust gas temperature is lowered, thereby improving the thermal energy utilization efficiency of the high-temperature fluid. At the same time, under the premise of ensuring the heat exchange capacity, the pressure drop loss can be effectively controlled and the carbon deposition phenomenon of the methane-rich gas heating can be prevented.

[0019] The horizontal steam generator provided by the utility model heats water and methane-rich gas respectively by means of a high-temperature fluid, and then performs secondary heating on a mixed gas formed by the water vapor and the heated gas, so that the evaporation heating process of liquid water and the heating process of the methane-rich gas are performed independently, thereby avoiding the mutual influence of the liquid water and the methane-rich gas, reducing pressure fluctuations, and in addition, by secondary heating the mixed gas, increasing the outlet temperature of the mixed gas.

[0020] The horizontal steam generator provided by the utility model is overall arranged in a cylindrical shape and can be nested with other thermal components to form an all-in-one thermal component, thereby reducing the pipe connections between the thermal components and reducing the overall footprint of the all-in-one thermal component.

[0021] The utility model provides a horizontal steam generator in which the heating process of gas and water is carried out simultaneously in a plurality of annular heating tubes, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the gas and the high-temperature fluid, and between the water and the high-temperature fluid. The fins are arranged to support the heating tube bundle and, on the other hand, to separate the areas through which the high-temperature fluid flows, thereby preventing the high-temperature fluid from flowing unevenly due to the effect of gravity.

[0022] The horizontal steam generator provided by the utility model improves the uniformity of mixing of multiple gases and gas and water vapor through the porous structure by arranging a porous inner cylinder and a porous outer cylinder in the gas premixing chamber and arranging a porous plate in the mixing chamber, thereby improving the mixing effect.

[0023] The horizontal steam generator provided by the utility model can control the heat exchange capacity by adjusting parameters such as the axial length of the water storage chamber and the gas premixing chamber, the number and diameter of the heating tubes, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the horizontal steam generator of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the horizontal steam generator of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a horizontal steam generator of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the gas premixing chamber of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gas premixing chamber of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mixing chamber of the utility model.

[0031] The schematic diagram is for illustrative purposes only;

[0032] Among them, 1. high-temperature fluid outlet pipe; 2. water inlet pipe; 3. gas inlet pipe; 4. high-temperature fluid inlet pipe; 5. mixed gas outlet pipe; 6. collecting chamber; 7. mixing chamber; 8. fins; 9. heating tube bundle; 21. water storage chamber; 31. gas premixing chamber; 71. porous plate; 91. gas heating tube bundle; 92. water heating tube bundle; 311. porous outer cylinder; 312. porous inner cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] In a typical implementation of the present invention, Figure 1-3 As shown, a horizontal steam generator is provided, including a cylindrical shell, in which a heating tube bundle 9 is arranged, and the heating tube bundle is divided into a gas heating tube bundle 91 and a water heating tube bundle 92, wherein the gas heating tube bundle 91 connects the gas premixing chamber 31, the mixing chamber 7 and the collecting chamber 6 in sequence, and the water heating tube bundle 92 connects the water storage chamber 21, the mixing chamber 7 and the collecting chamber 6 in sequence.

[0036] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the heating tube bundle 9 includes a plurality of annular heating tubes, which are evenly distributed in the cylindrical shell. The cylindrical shell is connected to the high-temperature fluid inlet pipe 4. The high-temperature fluid is introduced into the high-temperature fluid inlet pipe 4. The high-temperature fluid first flows through the water heating tube bundle 92 and then flows through the gas heating tube bundle 91. The high-temperature fluid inlet pipe 4 is arranged at one end of the cylindrical shell, and the high-temperature fluid outlet pipe 1 is arranged at the other end of the cylindrical shell. After the high-temperature fluid enters the cylindrical shell, the water is heated first and then the gas is heated, thereby realizing the zoned heating of water and gas.

[0037] In this embodiment, a plurality of fins 8 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the heating tube bundle 9. The fins 8 support the heating tube bundle 9 on one hand, and separate the areas through which the high-temperature fluid flows on the other hand to prevent uneven flow of the high-temperature fluid due to gravity.

[0038] Furthermore, the gas premixing chamber 31, the mixing chamber 7, the collecting chamber 6 and the water storage chamber 21 are arranged on the heating tube bundle 9 and are distributed circumferentially on the heating tube bundle 9. The gas premixing chamber 31 and the water storage chamber 21 are arranged at the bottom position in the cylindrical shell. The collecting chamber 6 is arranged opposite to the gas premixing chamber 31 and the water storage chamber 21 and is located at the top position in the cylindrical shell. Mixing chambers 7 are arranged on both sides of the collecting chamber 6. The gas in the gas premixing chamber 31 enters the gas heating tube bundle 91 on both sides of the gas premixing chamber 31 and is heated in the gas heating tube bundle 91, and then enters the mixing chamber 7. The water in the water storage chamber 21 enters the water heating tube bundle 92 and is heated and evaporated in the water heating tube bundle 92 to form water vapor, and then enters the mixing chamber 7. The water vapor and the heated gas are mixed in the mixing chamber 7, and the mixed gas enters a section of the heating tube bundle 9 again for heating, and finally the mixed gas enters the collecting chamber 6.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a gas inlet pipe 3 is provided on the gas premixing chamber 31. The gas premixing chamber 31 is used for mixing multiple streams of gas. A porous outer cylinder 311 and a porous inner cylinder 312 are provided inside the gas premixing chamber 31. The porous outer cylinder 311 is sleeved on the outside of the porous inner cylinder 312. At least two gas inlet pipes 3 are provided. The porous outer cylinder 311 and the porous inner cylinder 312 are separated by a certain distance. The gas enters the porous inner cylinder 312 in the gas premixing chamber 31 through the gas inlet pipe 3. After the multiple streams of gas are mixed, they pass through the through holes on the porous inner cylinder 312 and the porous outer cylinder 311, and finally enter the heating tube bundle 9 for heating. The through holes on the porous inner cylinder 312 and the porous outer cylinder 311 are used to enhance the mixing of the gas and realize the uniform mixing of the multiple streams of gas.

[0040] like Figure 6 As shown, the mixing chamber 7 is a quadrilateral shell structure, and the mixing chamber 7 is used for mixing methane-rich gas and water vapor. A porous plate 71 is arranged in the mixing chamber 7, and the porous plate 71 is inclined along the diagonal of the mixing chamber 7. The mixing chamber 7 is also provided with a porous plate 71, which has the function of, on the one hand, strengthening the mixing of methane-rich gas and steam, and on the other hand, the porous plate 71 can realize steam-water separation and collect water droplets mixed in the steam that have not been completely evaporated to obtain pure steam.

[0041] In this embodiment, the collecting chamber 6 is used to collect the mixed gas formed by the evaporated water vapor and the heated methane-rich fuel gas. The collecting chamber 6 is connected to the mixed gas outlet pipe 5, and the mixed gas is discharged from the steam generator through the mixed gas outlet pipe 5.

[0042] The working process of the horizontal steam generator provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0043] The methane-rich gas enters the gas premixing chamber 31 through the gas inlet pipe 3. The methane-rich gas may contain multiple types. Therefore, in order to avoid uneven mixing, the methane-rich gas entering through the gas inlet pipe 3 is first evenly mixed in the gas premixing chamber 31, and then enters the gas heating tube bundle 91 and is heated in the gas heating tube bundle 91; the water inlet pipe 2 passes through the gas premixing chamber 31 and is connected to the water storage chamber 21. Water enters the water storage chamber 21 through the water inlet pipe 2, and then evenly enters the heating tube bundle 9 and is heated and evaporated in the heating tube bundle 9. The evaporated water vapor and the heated methane-rich gas are mixed in the mixing chamber 7, and the mixed gas enters the heating tube bundle 9 again for secondary heating. Finally, the mixed gas enters the collecting chamber 6 and is discharged through the mixed gas outlet pipe 5.

[0044] The high-temperature fluid enters the steam generator through the high-temperature fluid inlet pipe 4, and the high-temperature fluid first flows through the heating tube bundle 9 connected to the water storage chamber 21, and heats the water in the tube to evaporate it. Then the high-temperature exhaust gas flows through the heating tube bundle 9 connected to the gas premixing chamber 31 and heats the methane-rich gas in the tube.

[0045] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A horizontal steam generator, characterized in that: It comprises a cylindrical shell in which a heating tube bundle is arranged. The heating tube bundle is divided into a gas heating tube bundle and a water heating tube bundle. The gas heating tube bundle connects the gas premixing chamber, the mixing chamber and the collecting chamber in sequence, and the water heating tube bundle connects the water storage chamber, the mixing chamber and the collecting chamber in sequence.

2. The horizontal steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating tube bundle comprises a plurality of annular heating tubes which are evenly distributed in a cylindrical shell, and the cylindrical shell is connected to a high-temperature fluid inlet pipe.

3. The horizontal steam generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-temperature fluid inlet pipe is filled with high-temperature fluid, and the high-temperature fluid first flows through the water heating tube bundle and then flows through the gas heating tube bundle.

4. The horizontal steam generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas premixing chamber, the mixing chamber, the collecting chamber and the water storage chamber are arranged on the heating tube bundle and are distributed circumferentially on the heating tube bundle.

5. The horizontal steam generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas premixing chamber and the water storage chamber are arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical shell, the collecting chamber is arranged opposite to the gas premixing chamber and the water storage chamber, and mixing chambers are arranged on both sides of the collecting chamber.

6. The horizontal steam generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of fins are arranged in the circumferential direction of the heating tube bundle.

7. The horizontal steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas premixing chamber is provided with a gas inlet pipe, and the gas premixing chamber is provided with a porous outer cylinder and a porous inner cylinder, wherein the porous outer cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the porous inner cylinder.

8. The horizontal steam generator according to claim 7, characterized in that: At least two gas inlet pipes are provided, and a certain distance is provided between the porous outer cylinder and the porous inner cylinder.

9. The horizontal steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing chamber is a quadrilateral shell structure. A porous plate is arranged in the mixing chamber. The porous plate is inclined along the diagonal line of the mixing chamber.

10. The horizontal steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting chamber is communicated with the mixed gas outlet pipe.

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