Energy-saving three-dimensional composite constructed wetland sewage treatment device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an energy-saving three-dimensional composite type constructed wetland sewage treatment device, which is characterized in that a third filler layer, a second filler layer, a first filler layer, a plant root system layer, a light filler layer and a sawtooth-shaped weir water tank are sequentially laid in a reaction device body from bottom to top, and a water distribution pipe is arranged at the bottom of the reaction device body; the water distribution pipe is connected with a backwashing water inlet pipe and a sewage inlet pipe, a backwashing water outlet and a water outlet are formed in the outer side of the reaction device body, solar oxygen supply equipment is arranged in the plant root system layer in the reaction device body, aquatic plants are arranged above the light filler layer, and root systems of the aquatic plants are located in the plant root system layer. The device is small in occupied area, the problems of conventional constructed wetland blockage and water flow cutoff are solved through the design of the backwashing water inlet pipe, and the stability and continuity of the sewage treatment effect are guaranteed. The treatment efficiency is high and the effluent quality is stable; and the required filler is formed by processing the construction waste, so that the cyclic utilization of resources is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and specifically relates to an energy-saving three-dimensional composite artificial wetland sewage treatment device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, artificial wetlands have been commonly used in rural sewage treatment. This process is an ecological treatment technology similar to swamps. Sewage and sludge are controlled and distributed to artificially constructed wetlands. In the process of sewage and sludge flowing in a certain direction, it mainly utilizes the physical, chemical and biological synergistic effects of soil, artificial media, plants and microorganisms to treat sewage and sludge. Its mechanism of action includes adsorption, retention, filtration, oxidation-reduction, precipitation, microbial decomposition, transformation, plant shading, residue accumulation, transpiration water and nutrient absorption and the role of various animals.

[0003] The artificial wetland technology currently used in the market has gradually become more and more problematic with the operation of completed projects in recent years, mainly in the following aspects:

[0004] ① It occupies a large area, which is not conducive to promotion;

[0005] ② The treatment efficiency is low, and the effluent water quality is prone to fluctuations;

[0006] ③ Artificial wetlands are frequently clogged, and are prone to problems such as short-flow of water;

[0007] ④ After 1 to 2 years of operation, the sewage treatment effect declines significantly;

[0008] ⑤ In winter, the outside temperature drops and the aquatic plants die, and the sewage treatment effect is almost lost. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of this utility model is to solve the above problems. This application proposes an energy-saving three-dimensional composite artificial wetland sewage treatment device, which occupies a small area. The design of the backwash water inlet pipe solves the problems of conventional artificial wetland blockage and water flow interruption, ensuring the stability and sustainability of the sewage treatment effect. The treatment efficiency is high and the effluent water quality is stable; the required filler is processed from construction waste, realizing the recycling of resources.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: an energy-saving three-dimensional composite artificial wetland sewage treatment device, comprising a reaction device body, wherein a third filler layer, a second filler layer, a first filler layer, a plant root layer, a lightweight filler layer, and a sawtooth weir water tank are sequentially laid in the reaction device body from bottom to top, a water distribution pipe is provided in the third filler layer at the bottom of the reaction device body, the water distribution pipe connects a backwash water inlet pipe and a sewage inlet pipe, a backwash outlet is provided on the outside of the reaction device body at the plant root layer, a water outlet is provided on the outside of the reaction device body outside the sawtooth weir water tank, a solar energy oxygen supply equipment is provided in the plant root layer of the reaction device body, aquatic plants are provided above the lightweight filler layer, and the roots of the aquatic plants are located in the plant root layer.

[0011] Furthermore: the solar panel and air inlet of the solar oxygen supply equipment are arranged above the reaction device body, and the air outlet is arranged at the bottom end of the plant root layer.

[0012] Furthermore: the backwash water inlet pipe and the sewage inlet pipe are located outside the reaction device body.

[0013] Furthermore: the first packing layer adopts a packing layer with a particle size of 0.2 to 0.5 cm; the second packing layer adopts a packing layer with a particle size of 3 to 5 cm; and the third packing layer adopts a packing layer with a particle size of 10 to 15 cm.

[0014] Furthermore: the backwash water inlet pipe is used to flush the first packing layer, the second packing layer, the third packing layer and the plant root layer.

[0015] Furthermore: the water distribution pipe is a ring-shaped water distribution pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] 1. This device occupies 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 less area than conventional artificial wetlands, and shortens the construction period by 40 to 50% compared with conventional artificial wetlands, which is conducive to the promotion of this treatment device.

[0018] 2. The first filler layer, the second filler layer and the third filler layer in this device are all processed from construction waste, which saves more investment than conventional artificial wetland projects and realizes the recycling of resources.

[0019] 3. The design of the backwash water inlet pipe completely solves the problems of blockage and water short flow in conventional artificial wetlands, ensuring the stability and sustainability of sewage treatment effects.

[0020] 4. The setting of solar oxygen supply equipment ensures the aerobic environment between the upper lightweight filler layer, aquatic plants and plant root layer of the device, which is beneficial to improving the reaction efficiency of the overall treatment device. At the same time, there is no need to increase electrical equipment, saving 15% to 20% of energy consumption.

[0021] 5. When the temperature drops in winter and the aquatic plants die, the upper lightweight filler layer and the dead aquatic plant straw together form a natural insulation layer, ensuring that the microorganisms in the plant root layer below and the three filler layers continue to operate efficiently, greatly improving the ability of the treatment device to treat pollutants such as COD, N-NH3, H2S in winter, and completely avoiding the problem of loss of sewage treatment effect after the death of aquatic plants due to the drop in external temperature in winter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for more clearly illustrating the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the utility model;

[0026] In the figure: 1-reaction device body, 2-solar oxygen supply equipment, 3-aquatic plants, 4-sawtooth weir flume, 5-lightweight filler layer, 6-first filler layer, 7-second filler layer, 8-third filler layer, 9-water distribution pipe, 10-sewage inlet pipe, 11-backwash water inlet pipe, 12-outlet, 13-backwash outlet, 14-plant root layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the technical solution of the utility model, the utility model is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, the embodiments are only used as an explanation of the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 3The energy-saving three-dimensional composite artificial wetland sewage treatment device shown is composed of a reaction device body 1, solar energy oxygen supply equipment 2, aquatic plants 3, a sawtooth weir water tank 4, a lightweight filler layer 5, a first filler layer 6, a second filler layer 7, a third filler layer 8, a water distribution pipe 9, a sewage inlet pipe 10, a backwash water inlet pipe 11, a water outlet 12, a backwash outlet 13, and a plant root layer 14.

[0029] The sewage treatment device consists of two parts, the lower part, the reaction device body of the lower part is provided with three layers of filler layers with different particle sizes from bottom to top, which are respectively a first filler layer 6 with a particle size of 0.2-0.5 cm, a second filler layer 7 with a particle size of 3-5 cm, and a third filler layer 8 with a particle size of 10-15 cm. A water distribution pipe 9 is provided at the bottom of the reaction device body 1 in the third filler layer 8, and the water distribution pipe 9 is connected to the backwash water inlet pipe 11 and the sewage inlet pipe 10. The sewage can be evenly distributed to the reaction device body through the sewage inlet pipe 10 and the annular water distribution pipe 9, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the water inlet. The outlet water of the water distribution pipe 9 flows from bottom to top through the third filler layer 8 with a particle size of 10-15 cm, the second filler layer 7 with a particle size of 3-5 cm, and the first filler layer 6 with a particle size of 0.2-0.5 cm. The microorganisms attached to the surface of the filler can effectively adsorb and decompose the pollutants in the sewage, thereby achieving the purpose of purifying the water quality.

[0030] The three different particle sizes of construction waste filler layers, namely the first filler layer 6 with a particle size of 0.2 to 0.5 cm, the second filler layer 7 with a particle size of 3 to 5 cm, and the third filler layer 8 with a particle size of 10 to 15 cm, provide an oxygen-deficient environment for the device, and the filler layer has its own filtering properties, which further improves the treatment effect.

[0031] The upper part of the device is located in the body of the reaction device, and is provided with a sawtooth weir trough 4, a light filler layer 5, and a plant root layer 14 from top to bottom. The light filler layer 5 is used to carry and fix the upper aquatic plants 3. The plant root layer 14 is suspended between the upper and lower light filler layers 5 and the first filler layer 6. A large number of microorganisms are attached and multiplied on the plant root layer 14. The sewage treated by the first filler layer 6 with a particle size of 0.2 to 0.5 cm flows evenly through the plant root layer 14, and filters out a large number of microorganisms attached and multiplied thereon, so as to achieve the purpose of purifying water quality. The sawtooth weir trough 4 is used to collect the clean water produced by the treatment of the device. The collected clean water is discharged to the outside of the treatment device by gravity through the outlet 12 connected to the sawtooth weir trough 4.

[0032] The solar panel and the air inlet of the solar oxygen supply device 2 are arranged above the reaction device body 1 , and the air outlet is arranged at the bottom end of the plant root layer 14 .

[0033] The backwash water inlet pipe is used to flush the first packing layer 6, the second packing layer 7, the third packing layer 8 and the plant root layer 14, and discharge the aged and detached biofilm and inorganic residues in the sewage to the outside of the treatment device through the backwash outlet 13 in time, completely solving the blockage and water short-flow problems of the treatment device, and ensuring the stability and durability of the sewage treatment effect.

[0034] The device consists of a unified structure of two parts, anoxic in the lower part and aerobic in the upper part. During the working process, a biological environment is naturally formed, which together constitutes a new artificial wetland model. The area occupied by the artificial wetland of this model is greatly reduced, which is only 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the existing artificial wetland. At the same time, it also greatly improves the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in artificial wetlands, prevents sludge swelling, and reduces the emission of pollutants such as COD, N-NH3, TN, H2S in sewage.

[0035] With this device structure, when the outside temperature drops in winter and the aquatic plants die, the upper lightweight filler layer and the dead aquatic plant straws together form a natural insulation layer, ensuring that the microorganisms in the plant root layer below and the three filler layers continue to operate efficiently, greatly improving the treatment device's ability to treat pollutants such as COD, N-NH3, and H2S in winter, and completely avoiding the problem of loss of sewage treatment effect after the outside temperature drops in winter and the aquatic plants die.

[0036] The contents not described in detail in the present invention are all prior art.

[0037] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not limited to the description in the specification and implementation. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, features and principles described in the scope of the utility model patent application should be included in the scope of the utility model patent application.

Claims

1. An energy-saving three-dimensional composite artificial wetland sewage treatment device, comprising a reaction device body (1), characterized in that: The reaction device body (1) is provided with a third packing layer (8), a second packing layer (7), a first packing layer (6), a plant root layer (14), a lightweight packing layer (5), and a sawtooth-shaped weir water tank (4) in sequence from bottom to top; a water distribution pipe (9) is provided at the bottom of the reaction device body (1) in the third packing layer (8); the water distribution pipe (9) is connected to a backwash water inlet pipe (11) and a sewage inlet pipe (10); a backwash outlet (13) is provided on the outside of the reaction device body (1) at the plant root layer (14); a water outlet (12) is provided on the outside of the reaction device body (1) at the sawtooth-shaped weir water tank (4); a solar energy oxygen supply device (2) is provided in the plant root layer (14) of the reaction device body (1); aquatic plants (3) are provided above the lightweight packing layer (5); and the roots of the aquatic plants (3) are located in the plant root layer (14).

2. The energy-saving three-dimensional composite artificial wetland sewage treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The solar panel and the air inlet of the solar oxygen supply device (2) are arranged above the reaction device body (1), and the air outlet is arranged at the bottom end of the plant root layer (14).

3. The energy-saving three-dimensional composite artificial wetland sewage treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The backwash water inlet pipe (11) and the sewage inlet pipe (10) are located outside the reaction device body (1).

4. The energy-saving three-dimensional composite artificial wetland sewage treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The first filler layer (6) is a filler layer with a particle size of 0.2 to 0.5 cm; the second filler layer (7) is a filler layer with a particle size of 3 to 5 cm; and the third filler layer (8) is a filler layer with a particle size of 10 to 15 cm.

5. The energy-saving three-dimensional composite artificial wetland sewage treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The backwash water inlet pipe (11) is used for flushing the first packing layer (6), the second packing layer (7), the third packing layer (8) and the plant root layer (14).

6. The energy-saving three-dimensional composite artificial wetland sewage treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water distribution pipe (9) is a ring-shaped water distribution pipe.

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