Packaging adhesive film and photovoltaic module
By introducing a combination of a light transmitting layer and a reflective layer into the packaging film of the photovoltaic module, the problems of low output power and poor appearance of existing photovoltaic modules are solved, and the goal of improving output power and maintaining a black appearance effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420442606.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-07
AI Technical Summary
The existing P-type all-black single-glass photovoltaic modules absorb light, resulting in low output power, while the appearance of N-type transparent double-glass photovoltaic modules is affected and the market recognition is not high.
A packaging adhesive film is provided, including a light-transmitting layer and a reflective layer. Part of the layer area of the light-transmitting layer is black in color, the reflective layer is white, and the light-transmitting layer and the reflective layer are laminated to form the light incident side. The packaging film is applied to the back film of photovoltaic modules, which can reflect most of the light back into the cell string, increase the output power, while maintaining the black appearance of the photovoltaic module.
By increasing the reflectivity of the packaging film, more light is reflected back into the battery string, increasing the output power of the photovoltaic module, while ensuring the black appearance of the photovoltaic module and enhancing the aesthetics.
Smart Images
Figure CN222692205U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to packaging films and photovoltaic modules. Background Art
[0002] With the continuous development of photovoltaic technology, users have higher and higher requirements for the performance and appearance of photovoltaic modules. The current photovoltaic modules are mainly P-type all-black single-glass photovoltaic modules and N-type transparent double-glass photovoltaic modules.
[0003] The existing P-type all-black single-glass photovoltaic modules are mainly composed of front glass and black backplane, and are favored by users because they can solve the problem of color difference between the cells inside the photovoltaic module and the backplane and frame. However, the black backplane can absorb the light that passes through the gaps between the photovoltaic cells, reducing the light that can be reflected back to the photovoltaic cells and absorbed again. Therefore, the output power of the P-type all-black single-glass photovoltaic modules is relatively low. The existing N-type transparent double-glass photovoltaic modules are not fully black modules, so their appearance is affected and their market recognition is not high. Summary of the invention
[0004] Based on this, a packaging film and a photovoltaic module are provided to improve the output power of the photovoltaic module.
[0005] The embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a packaging film, comprising:
[0006] A light-transmitting layer, wherein at least a portion of the surface area of the light-transmitting layer is black;
[0007] The reflective layer is stacked with the light-transmitting layer, and the light-transmitting layer is located on one side of the reflective layer to form a light incident side.
[0008] In one embodiment, the light-transmitting layer includes a light-transmitting main layer, at least a portion of the surface area of the light-transmitting main layer is black, the reflective layer includes a reflective main layer, the reflective main layer is white, and the light-transmitting main layer and the reflective main layer are stacked on each other to form the light incident side.
[0009] In one embodiment, the packaging film further includes: a film back layer, the film back layer and the reflective layer are stacked on each other, and the film back layer is located on the other side of the reflective layer, and at least a portion of the surface area of the film back layer away from the reflective layer is black.
[0010] In one of the embodiments, the light-transmitting layer and the reflective layer are configured as pre-crosslinked materials, and the pre-crosslinking degree between the light-transmitting layer and the reflective layer is 15%-25%.
[0011] In one of the embodiments, the uniformity of the pre-crosslinking degree between the light-transmitting layer and the reflective layer is required to be less than or equal to 3%.
[0012] In one of the embodiments, the ratio of the thickness of the light-transmitting layer to the thickness of the reflective layer is (0.6-1):1.
[0013] In one embodiment, the ratio of the thickness of the light-transmitting layer to the thickness of the reflective layer is 1:1.
[0014] The embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a photovoltaic module, comprising a front glass, a front film, a battery string, a back film, and a back glass arranged in sequence;
[0015] The back film includes a light-transmitting layer and a reflective layer. At least a portion of the surface area of the light-transmitting layer is black. The reflective layer and the light-transmitting layer are stacked on each other. The light-transmitting layer is arranged on a side of the back film close to the battery string to form a light incident side.
[0016] In one of the embodiments, the front glass is configured as aesthetic glass, and the a and b value ranges of the front glass are: a value is 0-0.3; b value is -1.7-0.5.
[0017] In one embodiment, the battery string includes a bus bar, and the bus bar includes a black layer disposed on a front side and a tin layer disposed on a back side.
[0018] According to the encapsulation film and photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present application, the light incident side of the encapsulation film is a light-transmitting layer, and can allow light to pass through. Most of the light is reflected back to the light incident side of the encapsulation film through the reflective layer of the encapsulation film, which can improve the reflectivity of the encapsulation film. The black color of the surface area of the light-transmitting layer can make the front of the encapsulation film have a good black appearance effect. When the encapsulation film is applied to the photovoltaic module and used as the back film of the encapsulation film, most of the light can be reflected back into the battery string, so that the photovoltaic module uses the reflected light again to increase the output power, while ensuring the black appearance effect of the front of the photovoltaic module, improving the aesthetics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a packaging film according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a light-transmitting main layer and a reflective main layer in a packaging film according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the back layer of the packaging film in one embodiment of the present application.
[0022] Figure 4It is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0023] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0024] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of a bus bar in a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0025] Reference numerals:
[0026] 1000. Photovoltaic modules;
[0027] 100. Packaging film;
[0028] 110, light-transmitting layer; 111, light-transmitting main body layer;
[0029] 120, reflecting layer; 121, reflecting main body layer;
[0030] 140, film backing layer;
[0031] 130, light incident side;
[0032] 200, front glass;
[0033] 300, anterior membrane;
[0034] 400, battery string; 410, bus bar; 411, black layer; 412, tin layer;
[0035] 500, back film;
[0036] 600, back glass. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0039] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0040] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0041] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, etc., or similar descriptions appear, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0042] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.
[0043] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the packaging film 100 of one embodiment of the present application is shown. At least one embodiment of the present application proposes a packaging film 100, which includes a light-transmitting layer 110 and a reflective layer 120, at least a portion of the surface area of the light-transmitting layer 110 is black; the reflective layer 120 and the light-transmitting layer 110 are stacked on each other, and the light-transmitting layer 110 is located on one side of the reflective layer 120 to form a light incident side 130.
[0044] According to the encapsulation film 100 and the photovoltaic module 1000 of the embodiment of the present application, the light incident side 130 of the encapsulation film 100 is a light-transmitting layer 110, and can allow light to pass through. Most of the light is reflected back to the light incident side 130 of the encapsulation film 100 through the reflective layer 120 of the encapsulation film 100, which can improve the reflectivity of the encapsulation film 100. The black color of the surface area of the light-transmitting layer 110 can make the front of the encapsulation film 100 have a good black appearance effect. When the encapsulation film 100 is applied to the photovoltaic module 1000 and used as the back film 500 of the encapsulation film 100, most of the light can be reflected back into the battery string 400, so that the photovoltaic module 1000 uses the reflected light again to increase the output power, while ensuring the black appearance effect of the front of the photovoltaic module 1000, improving the aesthetics.
[0045] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the packaging film 100 embodying the light-transmitting main layer 111 and the reflective main layer 121 in one embodiment of the present application is shown. In some embodiments, the light-transmitting layer 110 includes the light-transmitting main layer 111, at least a portion of the surface area of the light-transmitting main layer 111 is black, the reflective layer 120 includes the reflective main layer 121, the reflective main layer 121 is white, and the light-transmitting main layer 111 and the reflective main layer 121 are stacked on each other to form a light incident side 130.
[0046] In some embodiments, specifically, the light-transmitting main layer 111 is configured as a highly transparent black film, which can be made of an EVA film, has a high light transmittance and is black. It is understandable that the light-transmitting main layer 111 can also be a light-transmitting film as a whole and only at least a part of its layer area or the entire layer area is set to black.
[0047] In some embodiments, specifically, the reflective main layer 121 is configured as a highly reflective white film, which may be made of an EVA film. The white reflective main layer 121 has a higher reflectivity because the white color has a higher reflection efficiency.
[0048] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structure of the film back layer 140 in the packaging film 100 of an embodiment of the present application is shown. In some embodiments, the packaging film 100 further includes a film back layer 140, the film back layer 140 and the reflective layer 120 are stacked with each other, and the film back layer 140 is located on the other side of the reflective layer 120, and at least a part of the layer area of the film back layer 140 away from the reflective layer 120 is black. Specifically, the layer area of the film back layer 140 away from the reflective layer 120 can be set to be partially or entirely black, so that the packaging film 100 has a black appearance when viewed from the back.
[0049] It is understandable that the film back layer 140 can also be configured as a highly transparent black film like the light-transmitting main layer 111, without the need for additional production preparation, which can reduce the types of materials for the packaging film 100 and save costs. The light-transmitting main layer 111 and the film back layer 140 are respectively located on both sides of the reflective main layer 121, so that both the front and back sides of the packaging film 100 have a black appearance.
[0050] In some embodiments, the light-transmitting layer 110 and the reflective layer 120 are configured as pre-crosslinked materials, and the pre-crosslinking degree of the light-transmitting layer 110 and the reflective layer 120 is 15%-25%. The pre-crosslinking degree refers to the density of new connecting bonds formed by the long polymer chains in the encapsulation film 100 through the mutual combination of free radicals under the action of heat and pressure. After pre-crosslinking, the structure of the polymer changes from a linear structure to a mesh structure, and its performance changes accordingly. First, it changes from being fusible to being infusible, and the high temperature resistance and strength at high temperature are significantly improved; second, new connecting bonds are formed between molecules, which prevents the relative slippage of molecules, increases rigidity, and reduces creep behavior. Among them, the pre-crosslinking degree of the light-transmitting layer 110 and the reflective layer 120 is 15-25%. The pre-crosslinking degree of the light-transmitting layer 110 and the reflective layer 120 is controlled in a relatively low range, which is conducive to alleviating the situation in which the packaging film 100 flows during the lamination process of the photovoltaic module 1000, causing the light-transmitting layer 110 to overflow and cover the surface of the battery cells in the battery string 400, so as to solve the problem that the packaging film 100 is prone to black overflow in the actual process.
[0051] In some embodiments, the uniformity requirement of the pre-crosslinking degree of the light-transmitting layer 110 and the reflective layer 120 is ≤3%. Thus, the uniformity of the packaging film 100 is improved, which is conducive to alleviating the wrinkle problem caused by the difference in fluidity between the light-transmitting layer 110 and the reflective layer 120 in the packaging film 100 and the poor uniformity of the pre-crosslinking degree, so as to solve the problem that the packaging film 100 is prone to wrinkles during the actual process.
[0052] In some embodiments, the ratio of the thickness of the light-transmitting layer 110 to the thickness of the reflective layer 120 is (0.6-1): 1. Specifically, in some embodiments, the ratio of the thickness of the light-transmitting layer 110 to the thickness of the reflective layer 120 is 0.6:1, the ratio of the thickness of the light-transmitting layer 110 to the thickness of the reflective layer 120 is 0.7:1, the ratio of the thickness of the light-transmitting layer 110 to the thickness of the reflective layer 120 is 0.8:1, ..., the ratio of the thickness of the light-transmitting layer 110 to the thickness of the reflective layer 120 is 1:1, which will not be repeated here.
[0053] In some embodiments, the thickness of the reflective layer 120 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the light-transmitting layer 110 , so that the reflective layer 120 has a better reflection effect, and the reflectivity of the packaging film 100 is improved, so as to improve the output power of the photovoltaic module 1000 .
[0054] In some embodiments, the thickness ratio of the light-transmitting layer 110 to the thickness of the reflective layer 120 is 1:1, that is, the thickness of the light-transmitting layer 110 is equal to the thickness of the reflective layer 120. From a process perspective, setting the light-transmitting layer 110 and the reflective layer 120 to have the same thickness allows for better process control and facilitates production.
[0055] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic assembly 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 5 An exploded schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. At least one embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module 1000, which includes a front glass 200, a front film 300, a battery string 400, a back film 500, and a back glass 600 arranged in sequence. The back film 500 includes a light-transmitting layer 110 and a reflective layer 120, at least a portion of the surface area of the light-transmitting layer 110 is black, the reflective layer 120 and the light-transmitting layer 110 are stacked on each other, and the light-transmitting layer 110 is arranged on a side of the back film 500 close to the battery string 400 to form a light incident side 130.
[0056] In some embodiments, the front film 300 is configured as a transparent adhesive film and may be made of an EVA film with high light transmittance.
[0057] With the above settings, Figure 4 As shown by the middle arrow, the light irradiates the front of the photovoltaic module 1000, passes through the front glass 200 and the front film 300 in turn, irradiates the battery string 400, and irradiates the light incident side 130 of the back film 500 through the battery string 400. On the back film 500, the light can pass through the light-transmitting layer 110 of the back film 500, reach the reflective layer 120, and after being reflected back to the light-transmitting layer 110 by the reflective layer 120, pass through the light incident side 130, and then pass back to the battery string 400, and be used by the battery string 400 for multiple times, and the reflected light can be used again to increase the output power of the photovoltaic module 1000.
[0058] In some embodiments, the front glass 200 is configured as aesthetic glass, and the a and b values of the front glass 200 range from 0 to 0.3 for a value and from -1.7 to 0.5 for b value. Through the above settings, the front glass 200 has a better black effect, can better match the appearance of the photovoltaic module 1000, and form a completely black aesthetic effect.
[0059] In some embodiments, the back side of the front glass 200 is configured to have a velvet structure with pits, so that the back side of the front glass 200 has a one-way reflection effect, that is, the light reflected back to the battery string 400 by the back film 500 can reach the back side of the front glass 200, and be reflected again by the back side of the front glass 200, and pass through the front film 300 again to reach the battery string 400. The light is reflected multiple times between the front glass 200 and the back film 500, and is used multiple times by the battery string 400, and the reflected light can be used again to increase the output power of the photovoltaic module 1000.
[0060] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the structure of the busbar 410 in the photovoltaic module 1000 of an embodiment of the present application is shown. In some embodiments, the battery string 400 includes a busbar 410, and the busbar 410 includes a black layer 411 disposed on the front and a tin layer 412 disposed on the back. Specifically, the black layer 411 can be obtained by coating black paint on the tin layer 412, and the tin layer 412 on the back mainly serves to connect with the welding strip. As a result, the front of the busbar 410 has a black effect, which improves the appearance of the photovoltaic module 1000.
[0061] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0062] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.
Claims
1. A packaging film, characterized in that: include: A light-transmitting layer, wherein at least a portion of the surface area of the light-transmitting layer is black; The reflective layer is stacked with the light-transmitting layer, and the light-transmitting layer is located on one side of the reflective layer to form a light incident side.
2. The packaging film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-transmitting layer includes a light-transmitting main layer, at least a portion of the surface area of the light-transmitting main layer is black, the reflective layer includes a reflective main layer, the reflective main layer is white, and the light-transmitting main layer and the reflective main layer are stacked on each other to form the light incident side.
3. The packaging film according to claim 2, characterized in that: The packaging film also includes: a film back layer, the film back layer and the reflective layer are stacked on each other, and the film back layer is located on the other side of the reflective layer, and at least a portion of the surface area of the film back layer away from the reflective layer is black.
4. The packaging film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-transmitting layer and the reflective layer are configured as pre-crosslinked materials, and the pre-crosslinking degree between the light-transmitting layer and the reflective layer is 15%-25%.
5. The packaging film according to claim 4, characterized in that: The uniformity of the pre-crosslinking degree of the light-transmitting layer and the reflective layer is required to be less than or equal to 3%.
6. The encapsulation film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The ratio of the thickness of the light-transmitting layer to the thickness of the reflective layer is (0.6-1):
1.
7. The packaging film according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ratio of the thickness of the light-transmitting layer to the thickness of the reflective layer is 1:
1.
8. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: It includes front glass, front film, battery string, back film, and back glass which are arranged in sequence; The back film includes a light-transmitting layer and a reflective layer. At least a portion of the surface area of the light-transmitting layer is black. The reflective layer and the light-transmitting layer are stacked on each other. The light-transmitting layer is arranged on a side of the back film close to the battery string to form a light incident side.
9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The front glass is configured as aesthetic glass, and the a and b value ranges of the front glass are: the a value is 0-0.3; the b value is -1.7-0.
5.
10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The battery string includes a bus bar including a black layer disposed on a front side and a tin layer disposed on a back side.