A porous structure diaphragm for producing hydrogen by alkaline water electrolysis

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy, and specifically relates to a porous structure diaphragm for producing hydrogen by alkaline water electrolysis, comprising a central diaphragm, inner diaphragms are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the central diaphragm, outer diaphragms are symmetrically arranged at the ends opposite to each other of the two inner diaphragms, micropores are opened on the surfaces of the central diaphragm, the inner diaphragms and the outer diaphragms, and the size of the micropores decreases step by step from the outer diaphragm to the central diaphragm, and sticky nets are arranged between the central diaphragm and the adjacent inner diaphragms and between the two inner diaphragms and the adjacent outer diaphragms; by arranging the outer diaphragm, the inner diaphragm and the central diaphragm, and the micropores on the surfaces of the outer diaphragm, the inner diaphragm and the central diaphragm are of different sizes, the entire diaphragm can enhance the infiltration and penetration of the electrolyte while also blocking hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules, thereby preventing the mixing of hydrogen and oxygen and affecting the hydrogen production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy, and specifically relates to a porous structure diaphragm for producing hydrogen by alkaline water electrolysis. Background Art

[0002] Alkaline water electrolysis refers to the process of producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water in an alkaline electrolyte environment. Oxygen is produced at the anode and hydrogen is produced at the cathode through electrolysis. The main function of the diaphragm is to prevent hydrogen and oxygen from mixing.

[0003] While preventing hydrogen and oxygen molecules from passing through, the diaphragm also needs to ensure that electrolyte ions can penetrate through; therefore, the size and structure of the diaphragm's micropores are crucial; from the perspective of the microscopic working principle, the diaphragm's function is to provide a transmission channel for anions and cations in the electrolyte and reduce internal resistance; at the same time, it isolates hydrogen and oxygen, so the pore size and number (porosity) of the diaphragm's micropores directly determine the performance of the diaphragm; if the pore size is too large, the air tightness of the diaphragm will be affected, and if the pore size is too small, the transmission of ions will be hindered; therefore, the effective design and control of the diaphragm pores is the key technology for membrane production, and the pore size and porosity of the diaphragm must reach an optimal value to ensure high air tightness and low internal resistance of the diaphragm. Existing alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production mainly uses a single-layer polyphenylene sulfide fabric, which is difficult to control the size of its micropores, and there are problems such as gas leakage and large electrolyte internal resistance. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a porous structure diaphragm for producing hydrogen by alkaline water electrolysis, so as to solve the problems existing in the background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A porous structure diaphragm for producing hydrogen by alkaline water electrolysis comprises a central diaphragm, wherein inner diaphragms are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the central diaphragm, and outer diaphragms are symmetrically arranged at the opposite ends of the two inner diaphragms, and micropores are opened on the surfaces of the central diaphragm, the inner diaphragms and the outer diaphragms, and the size of the micropores decreases step by step from the outer diaphragm to the central diaphragm, and sticky nets are arranged between the central diaphragm and the adjacent inner diaphragms and between the two inner diaphragms and the adjacent outer diaphragms.

[0007] The pore size of the central membrane is controlled at 60-80nm; the pore size of the inner membrane is controlled at 150-180nm; the pore size of the outer membrane is 200-260nm. The central membrane, the inner membrane and the outer membrane are made of polyphenylene sulfide woven membranes.

[0008] The central diaphragm, the inner diaphragm and the outer diaphragm are set to be rectangular or circular according to the use scenario of alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen. The central diaphragm, the inner diaphragm and the outer diaphragm are commonly provided with a frame on the outside, and a locking assembly is provided between two adjacent frames.

[0009] The locking assembly includes a plurality of card blocks, and protrusions are provided at both ends of any two opposite frames, and grooves matching the protrusions are provided at both ends of the other pair of frames. A cavity is jointly provided between the protrusion and the inside of the frame, and a fixing rod is fixed in the middle of the cavity. Two trigger bars are sleeved on the outside of the fixing rod, and the fixing rod is located in the middle of the two trigger bars. An elastic bar is provided between one end of the two trigger bars located inside the frame, and each of the card blocks is fixedly connected to both ends of the two trigger bars respectively. Two through grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the frame, and each of the card blocks is located inside the through groove. A plurality of card grooves matching the card blocks are symmetrically provided on the inner wall of the groove.

[0010] The edge positions of the ends of the two outer membranes facing away from each other are both provided with a clamping edge, and the end of each frame close to the center of the central membrane is provided with a clamping strip that cooperates with the clamping edge.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0012] 1) The entire diaphragm consists of three layers, the outer diaphragm, the inner diaphragm and the central diaphragm, where the outer diaphragm and the inner diaphragm are rotationally symmetrical with the central diaphragm. As the micropores on the surface of the outer diaphragm, the inner diaphragm and the central diaphragm decrease in size, the infiltration of the diaphragm and the electrolyte is increased, the ion permeability is enhanced, and the surface resistance of the diaphragm is reduced. The low pore size design of the inner layer prevents high-pressure hydrogen permeation.

[0013] 2) The adhesive net can ensure that the outer diaphragm, the inner diaphragm and the central diaphragm are more firmly adhered to each other, and the pores of the adhesive net are relatively large, which does not affect the functions of the outer diaphragm, the inner diaphragm and the central diaphragm themselves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention can be further described by the non-limiting embodiments given in the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a porous structure diaphragm for producing hydrogen by alkaline water electrolysis according to the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the split structure of a porous structure diaphragm for producing hydrogen by alkaline water electrolysis according to the utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0019] Figure 5 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the planar cross-sectional structure of a porous structure diaphragm for producing hydrogen by alkaline water electrolysis.

[0020] The main component symbols are described as follows:

[0021] The central membrane 100 , the inner membrane 101 , the outer membrane 102 , the adhesive net 103 , the card block 200 , the frame 201 , the cavity 202 , the fixing rod 203 , the trigger strip 204 , the elastic strip 205 , the card slot 206 , and the card strip 207 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Embodiment 1:

[0024] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, a porous structure diaphragm for producing hydrogen by alkaline water electrolysis includes a central diaphragm 100, inner diaphragms 101 are symmetrically provided at the upper and lower ends of the central diaphragm 100, and outer diaphragms 102 are symmetrically provided at the opposite ends of the two inner diaphragms 101. Micropores are opened on the surfaces of the central diaphragm 100, and the size of the micropores decreases step by step from the outer diaphragm 102 to the central diaphragm 100. Sticky nets 103 are provided between the central diaphragm 100 and the adjacent inner diaphragms 101 and between the two inner diaphragms 101 and the adjacent outer diaphragms 102.

[0025] With the central diaphragm 100 as the center, the outer diaphragm 102, the sticky net 103, the inner diaphragm 101, the sticky net 103 and the central diaphragm 100 are sequentially adhered from the outside to the inside to form a microporous membrane. Among them, the sticky net 103 can not only make the outer diaphragm 102, the inner diaphragm 101 and the central diaphragm 100 adhere more firmly, but also prevent the outer diaphragm 102, the inner diaphragm 101 and the central diaphragm 100 from having a gap between them, which affects the sealing of the diaphragm. The outer diaphragm 102, the inner diaphragm 101 and the central diaphragm 100 can prevent hydrogen and oxygen molecules from passing through. Only electrolyte ions are allowed to pass through. Since the micropores on the outer diaphragm 102, the inner diaphragm 101 and the central diaphragm 100 are of different sizes, the efficiency of electrolyte ion passing through is also different. The micropores inside the microporous membrane decrease gradually from the outer layer to the inner layer. The pore size of the outermost micropore is 200-260nm, and the pore size of the innermost micropore is 60-80nm. The large micropore size can increase the infiltration between the microporous membrane and the electrolyte, enhance the electrolyte ion permeability, and reduce the internal resistance of the diaphragm. The small micropore size can prevent the penetration and mixing of hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules, affecting the efficiency of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water.

[0026] In this embodiment, by providing an outer diaphragm 102, an inner diaphragm 101 and a central diaphragm 100, and the micropores on the surfaces of the outer diaphragm 102, the inner diaphragm 101 and the central diaphragm 100 are of different sizes, the entire diaphragm can enhance the infiltration and penetration of the electrolyte while also blocking hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules to prevent the mixing of hydrogen and oxygen and affect the hydrogen production efficiency.

[0027] Embodiment 2:

[0028] Based on the first embodiment, other components on the diaphragm are further described, such as Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the central diaphragm 100 , the inner diaphragm 101 and the outer diaphragm 102 are all configured in a rectangular shape, and a frame 201 is commonly provided on the outer sides of the central diaphragm 100 , the inner diaphragm 101 and the outer diaphragm 102 , and a locking assembly is provided between two adjacent frames 201 .

[0029] The locking assembly includes a plurality of card blocks 200, and protrusions are provided at both ends of any two opposite frames 201, and grooves matching the protrusions are provided at both ends of the other pair of frames 201. A cavity 202 is jointly provided inside the protrusion and the frame 201, and a fixing rod 203 is fixed in the middle of the cavity 202. Two trigger bars 204 are sleeved on the outside of the fixing rod 203, and the fixing rod 203 is located in the middle of the two trigger bars 204. An elastic bar 205 is provided between one end of the two trigger bars 204 located inside the frame 201, and each card block 200 is fixedly connected to both ends of the two trigger bars 204, respectively. Two through grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the frame 201, and each card block 200 is located inside the through groove. A plurality of card grooves 206 matching the card blocks 200 are symmetrically provided on the inner wall of the groove.

[0030] The edges of the two outer membranes 102 facing away from each other are provided with a clamping edge, and the end of each frame 201 close to the center of the central membrane 100 is provided with a clamping strip 207 that cooperates with the clamping edge.

[0031] In this embodiment, after the card edge is inserted into the card strip 207, the frame 201 can be installed on the outside of the diaphragm. At the same time, the protrusion of the frame 201 will be stuck into the groove, and the card block 200 will be stuck into the card slot 206, so that each frame 201 will be locked together. When the exposed relative card blocks 200 are pressed at the same time, the elastic strip 205 will be compressed, and the trigger strips 204 will approach each other, and the card block 200 on the other side will be separated from the card slot 206. At this time, the frame 201 can be moved and the diaphragm can be pulled. When it is moved to the appropriate position, the card block 200 is released, the compressed elastic strip 205 will naturally stretch, and the card block 200 on the other side will be stuck in another card slot 206, thereby locking each frame 201 again.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up and down", "two ends", "one end", "surface", "adjacent", "outside", "either relative", "another pair", "inside", "middle", "center", "two ends", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0033] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms such as "install", "set", "fix", "install" and so on should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly defined, for ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model. It should be understood that the utility model is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and should be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the utility model.

Claims

1. A porous structure diaphragm for producing hydrogen by alkaline water electrolysis, comprising a central diaphragm (100), characterized in that: Inner diaphragms (101) are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the central diaphragm (100); outer diaphragms (102) are symmetrically arranged at the opposite ends of the two inner diaphragms (101); micropores are opened on the surfaces of the central diaphragm (100), the inner diaphragms (101) and the outer diaphragms (102); and the size of the micropores decreases gradually from the outer diaphragm (102) to the central diaphragm (100); and sticky nets (103) are arranged between the central diaphragm (100) and the adjacent inner diaphragms (101) and between the two inner diaphragms (101) and the adjacent outer diaphragms (102).

2. The porous structure diaphragm for producing hydrogen by alkaline water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central diaphragm (100), the inner diaphragm (101) and the outer diaphragm (102) are arranged in a rectangular or circular shape according to a usage scenario; a frame (201) is provided on the outer sides of the central diaphragm (100), the inner diaphragm (101) and the outer diaphragm (102); and a locking assembly is provided between two adjacent frames (201).

3. The porous structure diaphragm for producing hydrogen by alkaline water electrolysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking assembly comprises a plurality of card blocks (200), both ends of any two opposing frames (201) are provided with protrusions, and both ends of the other pair of frames (201) are provided with grooves matching the protrusions, a cavity (202) is provided inside the protrusions and the frames (201), a fixing rod (203) is fixed in the middle of the cavity (202), two trigger bars (204) are sleeved on the outside of the fixing rod (203), and the fixing rod (203) is located in the middle of the two trigger bars (204), an elastic bar (205) is provided between the ends of the two trigger bars (204) located inside the frame (201), each of the card blocks (200) is fixedly connected to the two ends of the two trigger bars (204), two through grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the frame (201), each of the card blocks (200) is located inside the through groove, and a plurality of card grooves (206) matching the card blocks (200) are symmetrically provided on the inner wall of the groove.

4. The porous structure diaphragm for producing hydrogen by alkaline water electrolysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The edges of the two outer membranes (102) facing away from each other are provided with a clamping edge, and the ends of the frames (201) close to the center of the central membrane (100) are provided with a clamping strip (207) that cooperates with the clamping edge.

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