A power switching device and a multi-power supply system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power switching device and a multi-power supply system, the device is provided with an external power supply interface, x power supply interfaces and x-1 switch devices. The external power supply interface is connected to an external electrical appliance. The power supply interface is externally connected to a power supply source, and the power supply priorities of the x power supply interfaces are not all the same. The one with the highest power supply priority among the x power supply interfaces is connected to the external power supply interface; the other x-1 power supply interfaces correspond to the x-1 switch devices one by one, and are connected to the first end of the corresponding switch device, and the second end of the switch device is connected to the external power supply interface. The control end of the switch device is connected to the previous interface corresponding to the switch device, wherein the previous interface corresponding to the switch device is a power supply interface with a power supply priority higher than the power supply interface corresponding to the switch device, thereby realizing automatic switching and backup power supply of power supplies of different priorities, avoiding dependence on control signals, reducing circuit costs and improving power supply reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of power supply, in particular to a power supply switching device and a multi-power supply system. Background Art

[0002] With the breakthrough of microelectronics technology, the types of electronic devices are increasing day by day. As an indispensable part of modern industry, power supply plays an increasingly important role in the electronic equipment industry. With the advancement of science and technology, some advanced instruments have put forward higher requirements for power supply. Therefore, it is urgent to adopt new power supply devices and study new power supply solutions.

[0003] Existing power switching devices often require additional control signals, cannot achieve automatic switching of power sources according to priority, have high circuit costs and low power supply reliability. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a power switching device and a multi-power supply system, which reduce circuit costs and improve power supply reliability.

[0005] According to one aspect of the utility model, a power switching device is provided, the power switching device comprising: an external power supply interface, x power supply interfaces and x-1 switch devices;

[0006] The external power supply interface is connected to an external electrical appliance;

[0007] The power interface is connected to an external power supply, the power supply priorities of the x power interfaces are not all the same, and the one with the highest power supply priority among the x power interfaces is connected to the external power supply interface; the other x-1 power interfaces correspond to the x-1 switch devices one by one, and are connected to the first end of the corresponding switch device, and the second end of the switch device is connected to the external power supply interface;

[0008] The control end of the switch device is connected to a previous interface corresponding to the switch device, wherein the previous interface corresponding to a switch device includes all the power supply interfaces having a higher power supply priority than the power supply interface corresponding to the switch device.

[0009] Optionally, the switch device includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor;

[0010] The first end of the first transistor serves as the first end of the switch device, the second end of the first transistor is connected to the second end of the second transistor, and the first end of the second transistor serves as the second end of the switch device;

[0011] The first end of the third transistor is connected to the second end of the first transistor via the first resistor, the first end of the third transistor is also connected to the control end of the first transistor and the control end of the second transistor respectively, the second end of the third transistor is grounded, and the control end of the third transistor is connected to the second end of the first transistor via the second resistor;

[0012] The first end of the fourth transistor is connected to the control end of the third transistor, the second end of the fourth transistor is grounded, the control end of the fourth transistor serves as the control end of the switch device, and the control end of the fourth transistor is grounded via the third resistor.

[0013] Optionally, the first transistor and the second transistor are both P-channel field effect transistors, and the third transistor and the fourth transistor are N-channel field effect transistors.

[0014] Optionally, a first anti-reverse diode is respectively arranged between the control end of the switch device and each of the correspondingly connected first interfaces;

[0015] A second anti-reverse diode is arranged between the one with the highest power supply priority among the x power supply interfaces and the external power supply interface.

[0016] Optionally, the power supply priorities of the x power supply interfaces are successively increased and are different from each other.

[0017] Optionally, x=4, and the four power interfaces are connected to a solar power source, a thermal power generation power source, an energy storage power source and a grid power source in sequence.

[0018] According to another aspect of the utility model, a multi-power supply system is provided, the system comprising any power switching device described in the first aspect and power supplies corresponding one-to-one to the power interfaces in the power switching device.

[0019] The power switching device and power supply system provided in this embodiment are provided with an external power supply interface, x power supply interfaces and x-1 switching devices. The external power supply interface is connected to an external electrical appliance. The power supply interface is connected to an external power supply source, and the power supply priorities of the x power supply interfaces are not all the same. The one with the highest power supply priority among the x power supply interfaces is connected to the external power supply interface; the other x-1 power supply interfaces correspond to the x-1 switching devices one by one, and are connected to the first end of the corresponding switching device, and the second end of the switching device is connected to the external power supply interface. The control end of the switching device is connected to the previous interface corresponding to the switching device, wherein the previous interface corresponding to the switching device is a power supply interface with a power supply priority higher than the power supply interface corresponding to the switching device, thereby realizing automatic switching and backup power supply of power supplies of different priorities, avoiding dependence on control signals, reducing circuit costs and improving power supply reliability.

[0020] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present utility model, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Other features of the present utility model will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A circuit diagram of a power switching device provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a power switching device provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of another power switching device provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the composition of a multi-power supply system provided in an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the utility model and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the utility model described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0028] The utility model provides a power switching device. Figure 1 A circuit diagram of a power switching device provided by an embodiment of the utility model, referring to Figure 1 The power switching device 100 includes an external power supply interface 101, x power supply interfaces 102 and x-1 switch devices 103. The external power supply interface 101 is connected to an external electrical appliance. The power supply interface 102 is connected to an external power supply, and the power supply priorities of the x power supply interfaces 102 are not all the same. The one with the highest power supply priority among the x power supply interfaces 102 is connected to the external power supply interface 101; the other x-1 power supply interfaces 102 correspond to the x-1 switch devices 103 one by one, and are connected to the first end a of the corresponding switch device 103, and the second end b of the switch device 103 is connected to the external power supply interface 101. The control end c of the switch device 103 is connected to the previous interface corresponding to the switch device 103, wherein the previous interface corresponding to a switch device 103 includes all power supply interfaces 102 having a higher power supply priority than the power interface 102 corresponding to the switch device 103.

[0029] Specifically, the external power supply interface 101 refers to an interface for connecting an external electrical appliance, which can provide a stable power supply for the electrical appliance. The power supply interface 102 refers to an interface for an external power supply circuit, which can be connected to a corresponding type of power supply. The switch device 103 refers to an on-off control device arranged between the corresponding power supply interface 102 and the external power supply interface 101, which can switch the on-off of the line between the corresponding power supply interface 102 and the external power supply interface 101 according to the signal connected to its control terminal c. Exemplarily, the switch device 103 may include at least one field effect transistor.

[0030] x is the number of external power supplies of the power switching device 100, and is also the number of power interfaces 102 in the power switching device 100, and x is an integer greater than 2. The x power interfaces 102 and their external power supplies have different power supply priorities in the power switching device 100, and the power interface 102 with the highest priority is connected to the external power supply interface 101. For example, the power interface 102 with the highest priority can be directly connected to the external power supply interface 101 through an anti-reverse diode instead of a switch device 103. The other power interfaces 102 other than the power interface 102 with the highest priority are connected to the external power supply interface 101 through their corresponding switch devices 103, and the control end c of the corresponding switch device 103 is respectively connected to each power interface 102 with a higher priority, so that the on-off of the power supply line between the power interface 102 and the external power supply interface 101 is controlled by the power supply state connected to the power interface 102 with a higher priority, so that when the power supply with a higher priority fails, the switch device 103 corresponding to the power interface 102 with the next priority is automatically turned on to realize the automatic switching of the power supply. It should be noted that only one power interface 102 or multiple power interfaces 102 may be provided for the same power supply priority. The power interfaces 102 of the same power supply priority may have the same external power supply type and parameters.

[0031] Exemplarily, taking the same power supply priority as only one power interface 102, in order to improve the reliability of power supply, the power interface 102 with the highest priority can be connected to a power supply with high reliability such as a power grid power supply. According to the order of power supply priority, each power interface 102 can be connected to a power supply such as a UPS uninterruptible power supply, a local microgrid power supply, and a new energy power supply in sequence. When the power grid with the highest power supply priority is disconnected due to maintenance and failure, the potential connected to the power interface 102 with the highest power supply priority is changed from a high level to a low level, then the switch device 103 corresponding to the UPS uninterruptible power supply with a power supply priority lower than the power grid power supply is turned on according to the low level connected to its control terminal c, so as to realize the backup power supply of the UPS uninterruptible power supply after the grid voltage. Other power supplies with a lower power supply priority than the UPS uninterruptible power supply will remain turned off due to the high level supplied by the UPS uninterruptible power supply connected to the control terminal c of the corresponding switch device 103, so as to avoid chaotic access to power supplies with different power supply priorities.

[0032] The power switching device provided in this embodiment is provided with an external power supply interface, x power supply interfaces and x-1 switching devices. The external power supply interface is connected to an external electrical appliance. The power supply interface is connected to an external power supply source, and the power supply priorities of the x power supply interfaces are not all the same. The one with the highest power supply priority among the x power supply interfaces is connected to the external power supply interface; the other x-1 power supply interfaces correspond one-to-one to the x-1 switching devices, and are connected to the first end of the corresponding switching device, and the second end of the switching device is connected to the external power supply interface. The control end of the switching device is connected to the previous interface corresponding to the switching device, wherein the previous interface corresponding to the switching device is a power supply interface with a power supply priority higher than the power supply interface corresponding to the switching device, thereby realizing automatic switching and backup power supply of power supplies of different priorities, avoiding dependence on control signals, reducing circuit costs and improving power supply reliability.

[0033] Optional, Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a power switching device provided by an embodiment of the utility model, based on the above-mentioned embodiment, referring to Figure 2 , the switch device 103 includes a first transistor Q1, a second transistor Q2, a third transistor Q3, a fourth transistor Q4, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3. The first end of the first transistor Q1 serves as the first end a of the switch device 103, the second end of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the second end of the second transistor Q2, and the first end of the second transistor Q2 serves as the second end b of the switch device 103. The first end of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the second end of the first transistor Q1 via the first resistor R1, the first end of the third transistor Q3 is also connected to the control end of the first transistor Q1 and the control end of the second transistor Q2 respectively, the second end of the third transistor Q3 is grounded, and the control end of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the second end of the first transistor Q1 via the second resistor R2. The first end of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the control end of the third transistor Q3, the second end of the fourth transistor Q4 is grounded, the control end of the fourth transistor Q4 serves as the control end c of the switch device 103, and the control end of the fourth transistor Q4 is grounded via the third resistor R3. A first anti-reverse diode is provided between the control end of the switch device 103 and each correspondingly connected previous interface. A second anti-reverse diode is arranged between the one with the highest power supply priority among the x power supply interfaces and the external power supply interface.

[0034] Specifically, the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 are arranged between the corresponding power interface and the external power supply interface, and can directly control the on-off relationship between the corresponding power interface and the external power supply interface. For example, the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 can both be P-channel field effect transistors, then the first end of the first transistor is the drain of the P-channel field effect transistor, and the second end of the first transistor is the source of the P-channel field effect transistor. Similarly, the first end of the second transistor is the drain of the P-channel field effect transistor, and the second end of the second transistor is the source of the P-channel field effect transistor. The control end of the fourth transistor Q4 serves as the control end of the switch device 103, and the on-off of the fourth transistor Q4 is controlled by the potential of the power interface connected to its control end. The control end of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the first end of the fourth transistor Q4, and the on-off of the third transistor Q3 is controlled by the state of the fourth transistor Q4. Exemplarily, the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 are N-channel field effect transistors, then the first end of the third transistor is the source of the N-channel field effect transistor, and the second end of the third transistor is the drain of the N-channel field effect transistor. Similarly, the first end of the fourth transistor is the source of the N-channel field effect transistor, and the second end of the fourth transistor is the drain of the N-channel field effect transistor. The first anti-reverse diode and the second anti-reverse diode are both used to specify the direction of the corresponding power supply to prevent the power supplies from interfering with each other.

[0035] Exemplarily, the power supply priorities of the x power interfaces can be increased in sequence and are different from each other. When the power supply connected to the power interface with the highest power supply priority is supplying power normally, the control end of the fourth transistor Q4 in the switch device 103 corresponding to the other power interfaces is connected to the power supply connected to the power interface with the highest power supply priority, that is, connected to a high level, so that the fourth transistor Q4 is turned on. The conduction of the second transistor Q2 grounds the control end of the third transistor Q3, so that the third transistor Q3 is turned off. The first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 remain turned off, so that the corresponding power interface is disconnected from the external power supply interface. At this time, only the power supply connected to the power interface with the highest power supply priority is used to supply power to the electrical appliances connected to the external power supply interface.

[0036] Once the power supply connected to the power interface with the highest power supply priority fails and the power supply is interrupted, the potential connected to the control end of the fourth transistor Q4 in the switch device 103 corresponding to the power interface with the second power supply priority is turned to a low level, so that the fourth transistor Q4 is turned off. The control end of the third transistor Q3 is disconnected from the ground end, and the third transistor Q3 is turned on. The conduction of the third transistor Q3 causes the control end of the first transistor Q1 and the control end of the second transistor Q2 to be grounded and connected, thereby achieving conduction between the corresponding power supply interface and the external power supply interface. At this time, only the power supply connected to the power interface with the second power supply priority is used to supply power to the electrical appliances connected to the external power supply interface, and the switch devices 103 corresponding to other power interfaces with lower power supply priorities are disconnected because the power supply connected to the second power supply priority is at a high level. By analogy, the power switching device can automatically switch to the power supply that supplies power to the external power supply interface according to the power supply priority and the operating status of the power supply, thereby improving the power supply reliability. The setting of the first anti-reverse diode, the second anti-reverse diode, the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 can prevent the faulty power supply from affecting the power supply of other power supplies, prevent the influence on the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 in the switching device, and improve the life and reliability of the power switching device.

[0037] Optionally, Figure 3 A circuit diagram of another power switching device provided by an embodiment of the utility model, based on the above embodiment, referring to Figure 3 , x=4 in the power switching device, and the four power interfaces are connected to the solar power source 304, the thermal power generation power source 303, the energy storage power source 302 and the grid power source 301 in sequence.

[0038] Specifically, when the power supply reliability required by the electrical appliances is high, the four power interfaces 102 can be connected to the grid power supply 301, the energy storage power supply 302, the thermal power generation power supply 303 and the solar power supply 304 in order from high to low power supply priority. After the power supply with a high power supply priority is cut off, the power supply with the next power supply priority is directly switched to supply power to the electrical appliances, so that the four power supplies automatically take over to supply power to the electrical appliances according to the power supply priority, thereby improving the power supply reliability of the electrical appliances.

[0039] The utility model also provides a multi-power supply system. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a multi-power supply system provided by the present invention, referring to Figure 4 The multi-power supply system 400 includes any power switching device 100 in the embodiment of the present application and a power supply 401 corresponding to the power interface 102 in the power switching device 100 one by one.

[0040] Specifically, the power supply may include various power supplies such as grid power supply, solar power supply, thermal power generation power supply, energy storage power supply, etc. The power supply and the power interface are connected one-to-one, and power supplies with different power supply principles are used to supply power to electrical appliances, thereby improving the reliability of power use.

[0041] The power switching device and power supply system provided in this embodiment are provided with an external power supply interface, x power supply interfaces and x-1 switching devices. The external power supply interface is connected to an external electrical appliance. The power supply interface is connected to an external power supply source, and the power supply priorities of the x power supply interfaces are not all the same. The one with the highest power supply priority among the x power supply interfaces is connected to the external power supply interface; the other x-1 power supply interfaces correspond to the x-1 switching devices one by one, and are connected to the first end of the corresponding switching device, and the second end of the switching device is connected to the external power supply interface. The control end of the switching device is connected to the previous interface corresponding to the switching device, wherein the previous interface corresponding to the switching device is a power supply interface with a power supply priority higher than the power supply interface corresponding to the switching device, thereby realizing automatic switching and backup power supply of power supplies of different priorities, avoiding dependence on control signals, reducing circuit costs and improving power supply reliability.

[0042] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present utility model. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A power switching device, characterized in that: include: External power supply interface, x power supply interfaces and x-1 switch devices; The external power supply interface is connected to an external electrical appliance; The power interface is externally connected to a power supply, the power supply priorities of the x power interfaces are not all the same, and the one with the highest power supply priority among the x power interfaces is connected to the external power supply interface; The other x-1 power supply interfaces correspond to the x-1 switch devices one by one and are connected to the first ends of the corresponding switch devices, and the second ends of the switch devices are connected to the external power supply interface; The control end of the switch device is connected to a previous interface corresponding to the switch device, wherein the previous interface corresponding to a switch device includes all the power supply interfaces having a higher power supply priority than the power supply interface corresponding to the switch device.

2. The power switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch device includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor; The first end of the first transistor serves as the first end of the switch device, the second end of the first transistor is connected to the second end of the second transistor, and the first end of the second transistor serves as the second end of the switch device; The first end of the third transistor is connected to the second end of the first transistor via the first resistor, the first end of the third transistor is also connected to the control end of the first transistor and the control end of the second transistor respectively, the second end of the third transistor is grounded, and the control end of the third transistor is connected to the second end of the first transistor via the second resistor; The first end of the fourth transistor is connected to the control end of the third transistor, the second end of the fourth transistor is grounded, the control end of the fourth transistor serves as the control end of the switch device, and the control end of the fourth transistor is grounded via the third resistor.

3. The power switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first transistor and the second transistor are both P-channel field effect transistors, and the third transistor and the fourth transistor are N-channel field effect transistors.

4. The power switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first anti-reverse diode is respectively arranged between the control end of the switch device and each of the correspondingly connected first interfaces; A second anti-reverse diode is arranged between the one with the highest power supply priority among the x power supply interfaces and the external power supply interface.

5. The power switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply priorities of the x power supply interfaces are increased in sequence and are different from each other.

6. The power switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: x=4, the four power interfaces are connected to a solar power source, a thermal power generation power source, an energy storage power source and a grid power source in sequence.

7. A multi-power supply system, characterized in that: include: The power switching device as described in any one of claims 1-6 and a power supply corresponding one-to-one to the power interface in the power switching device.

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