A tool for machining variable-section grooves with large aspect ratios

Abstract

The utility model provides a tool for machining variable-section grooves of internal holes with large aspect ratios, and relates to the field of cutting processing. The tool for machining variable-section grooves of internal holes with large aspect ratios comprises: a tool body, which is cylindrical, and has a plurality of slot hole groups on the outer wall, including mutually connected knife-edge sliding holes and axial fine grooves, all of which are connected to the inside of the tool body; a movable cone, which is slidably embedded in the tool body and has a first cone and a second cone, and the first cone and the second cone are connected by a smaller bottom surface; a cutter head, which is slidably embedded in the knife-edge sliding hole; and an elastic member, which is arranged in the axial fine groove and fixed in the middle position, one end of the elastic member extends into the tool body to abut against the second cone, and the other end of the elastic member extends into the knife-edge sliding hole to press the cutter head, so that the cutter head abuts against the first cone; the utility model improves the dimensional accuracy and processing efficiency of machining variable-section grooves of internal holes with large aspect ratios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of cutting processing, in particular to a tool for processing an inner hole with a large aspect ratio and a variable cross-section groove. Background Art

[0002] An inner hole with a large aspect ratio usually refers to an inner hole of a workpiece in which the ratio of the inner hole depth to the inner hole diameter is greater than 20. An inner hole with a variable cross-section groove refers to an inner groove in which the inner hole is machined in the axial direction but the radial depth dimension changes.

[0003] It is not easy to process the variable-section groove of the inner hole with a large aspect ratio with commonly used cutting tools. In the prior art, the electro-erosion effect generated by the pulse discharge between the electric spark profiling electrodes is usually used to corrode the corresponding position of the inner hole to form a variable-section groove. However, the variable-section groove currently used in the electric spark machining has the following main disadvantages: First, the electrode is usually made of copper material, which is costly and has large losses, and the copper itself has a high specific gravity and is easy to deform, resulting in the end of the electrode extending into the inner hole with a large aspect ratio. When the machining size and accuracy are difficult to guarantee; second, the groove surface after the electric spark machining is relatively rough, and usually needs to be polished, but the inner hole with a large aspect ratio is usually difficult to polish; at the same time, the electric spark machining speed is slow and the machining efficiency is low. Therefore, the existing machining methods for the variable-section groove of the inner hole with a large aspect ratio cannot meet the needs in terms of dimensional accuracy, surface roughness and machining efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve the problem that the existing method for processing internal hole variable cross-section grooves with a large aspect ratio cannot well meet the requirements in terms of dimensional accuracy, surface roughness and processing efficiency. The utility model provides a tool for processing internal hole variable cross-section grooves with a large aspect ratio which applies a cutting method and can improve processing efficiency and processing accuracy.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0006] A tool for machining a variable-section groove with a large aspect ratio inner hole, comprising:

[0007] The tool body is cylindrical, and a plurality of slot hole groups are arranged on its outer side wall, each slot hole group includes a knife edge sliding hole and an axial thin groove that are interconnected; the knife edge sliding hole and the axial thin groove are both connected to the interior of the tool body;

[0008] A movable cone is slidably embedded in the tool body and has at least a first cone portion and a second cone portion, wherein the first cone portion and the second cone portion are connected via a smaller bottom surface;

[0009] A cutter head is slidably embedded in the cutter edge sliding hole; and

[0010] An elastic member is arranged in the axial groove and fixed in the middle, one end of the elastic member extends into the tool body to abut against the second cone, and the other end of the elastic member extends into the knife edge sliding hole to press the cutter head so that the cutter head abuts against the first cone;

[0011] Wherein, when the movable cone moves axially in the tool body, the cutter head moves radially under the combined force of the first cone and the elastic member.

[0012] Further, the elastic member is a special-shaped spring, and a first screw hole is provided in the middle of the axial slot;

[0013] Wherein, the special-shaped spring has at least:

[0014] The force-bearing section is L-shaped, and its corner end extends into the interior of the tool body to abut against the second cone;

[0015] a spiral segment, one end of which is connected to the force-bearing segment, and the spiral segment is arranged in the first screw hole by a screw; and

[0016] The pressing section has one end connected to the spiral section and the other end inclined upward to press the cutter head.

[0017] Furthermore, a pressing groove is provided on the side surface of the cutter head, and the elastic member presses one end of the cutter head and extends into the pressing groove.

[0018] Furthermore, one end of the elastic member pressing the cutter head is connected to a pressing head adapted to the pressing groove.

[0019] Furthermore, the tool body has at least one docking end, and a quick connector is provided on the docking end.

[0020] Furthermore, the movable vertebral body has at least one sliding tail portion, and a quick interface is arranged on the sliding tail portion.

[0021] Furthermore, the tool body has at least one mounting section, and an elastic sleeve is sleeved on the mounting section.

[0022] Furthermore, a first spiral coil and a second spiral coil are respectively provided at two ends of the elastic sleeve, and the first spiral coil and the second spiral coil are threadedly connected to the outer side wall of the installation section.

[0023] Furthermore, a plurality of guide bars are arranged on the outer side wall of the tool body, and the guide bars are arranged between adjacent slot hole groups.

[0024] Furthermore, the slot hole group has at least one oil filling hole, the oil filling hole has a relatively large rectangular concave shape in the radially outward part, and has an inclined circular hole shape in the radially inward part.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0026] 1. The utility model provides a tool body and a movable cone, relies on the knife head and the special-shaped spring in the knife edge sliding hole and the axial fine groove, and utilizes the axial reciprocating force of the movable cone under the action of the inner pull rod to make the knife head move in a radial direction, thereby realizing the controllable processing of the variable-section groove of the inner hole with a large aspect ratio by cutting, and solves the problem that the processing method of the variable-section groove of the inner hole with a large aspect ratio in the prior art cannot meet the requirements in terms of dimensional accuracy, surface roughness and processing efficiency;

[0027] 2. The utility model also sets up multiple slot hole groups, so that variable cross-section slots in different directions in the inner space with a large aspect ratio can be processed simultaneously, which not only improves the processing efficiency exponentially, but also unifies the processing size and precision of the same variable cross-section slots in all directions, reduces the processing errors between each other, and improves the effectiveness of the tooling in processing internal hole variable cross-section slots. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a front view of the tooling of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 For this utility model Figure 1 AA surface section view;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a main cross-sectional view of a tooling of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a special-shaped spring according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0033] Reference numerals: 100 - tool body, 120 - head end, 130 - blade section, 140 - slot hole group, 141 - blade sliding hole, 143 - axial fine groove, 145 - first screw hole, 147 - oil filling hole, 150 - second screw hole, 160 - installation section, 180 - docking end, 185 - quick connector;

[0034] 200-active vertebral body, 220-sliding head, 240-first cone, 250-connecting part, 260-second cone, 280-sliding tail, 285-quick interface;

[0035] 300-cutter head, 310-groove;

[0036] 400-elastic member, 410-special-shaped spring, 412-force section, 414-spiral section, 416-pressing section, 418-pressing head;

[0037] 500-elastic sleeve, 510-first spiral coil, 520-second spiral coil;

[0038] 600-guide strip;

[0039] 900-spindle, 950-inner tie rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0041] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples to implement different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0042] The embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] See also Figure 1-4 This embodiment provides a tool for machining a variable cross-section groove of an inner hole with a large aspect ratio, which is used to be installed on an automated machine tool to perform internal machining of an inner hole with a large aspect ratio on a product, and is particularly suitable for machining a variable cross-section groove of an inner hole. The tool for machining a variable cross-section groove of an inner hole with a large aspect ratio mainly includes: a tool body 100, a movable cone 200, a cutter head 300, and an elastic member 400, etc., and is used in conjunction with a spindle 900 and an inner tie rod 950 on an automated machine tool.

[0044] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown in the figure, the tool body 100 is cylindrical and is the main external structure of the tool in this embodiment. The radial, axial and circumferential directions in this embodiment are all referenced to the corresponding directions of the cylindrical tool body 100. The tool body 100 is connected to the spindle 900 of the automated machine tool through the butt end 180. The tool body 100 is divided into a butt end 180, a mounting section 160, a blade section 130 and a head end 120 from the butt end 180 to the other end. A quick connector 185 is provided on the butt end 180 of the tool body 100, which is connected to the spindle 900 of the machine tool through the quick connector 185, so that the tool can move under the control of the spindle 900. An elastic sleeve 500 is sleeved on the installation section 160 to increase friction so that the installer can hold it to install the tool body 100. The first and second spiral coils 510 and 520 are respectively arranged at both ends of the elastic sleeve 500. The first and second spiral coils 510 and 520 are threadedly connected to the outer wall of the installation section 160 to fix the position of the elastic sleeve 500. In addition, the outer diameter of the blade section 130 of the tool body 100 is larger than that of other parts and protrudes outward. Four slot hole groups 140 are arranged on its outer wall. Each slot hole group 140 mainly includes a blade sliding hole 141 and an axial fine groove 143 that are connected to each other. The blade sliding hole 141 is connected to the inside of the tool body 100, and its shape is adapted to the cutter head 300 so that the cutter head 300 can slide radially inside it. The axial fine groove 143 is used to set the elastic member 400. The axial fine groove 143 is also connected to the inside of the tool body 100, and one end of the axial fine groove 143 is connected to the blade sliding hole 141.

[0045] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the movable cone 200 is slidably embedded in the tool body 100, and is used to convert the axial movement of the inner tie rod 950 of the machine tool into the radial movement of the cutter head 300. The two ends of the movable cone 200 are a sliding head 220 and a sliding tail 280, and the middle part has a first cone 240 and a second cone 260. Among them, the sliding head 220 and the sliding tail 280 are roughly cylindrical, and the side walls of both are in contact with the inner wall of the tool body 100, so that the movable cone 200 can move stably in the axial direction in the tool body 100 without being easily misaligned, and a quick interface 285 is provided in the sliding tail 280, which is connected to the inner tie rod 950 on the machine tool through the quick interface 285, so that the movable cone 200 can move under the control of the inner tie rod 950. The first cone 240 and the second cone 260 are both roughly truncated cone-shaped, and the two are connected by a smaller bottom surface, which is used to change the radial position of the cutter head 300, so that it can process a variable cross-section groove with a changing cross-sectional depth. In addition, in order to maintain an appropriate distance between the first cone portion 240 and the second cone portion 260 , a substantially cylindrical connecting portion 250 is further provided between the first cone portion 240 and the second cone portion 260 .

[0046] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown in the figure, the cutter head 300 is radially slidably embedded in the blade sliding hole 141, the radially outward end of the cutter head 300 is a cutting edge, and the inward end is inclined and smooth, and extends into the tool body 100, facing the side of the first cone 240, and can slide on the side of the first cone 240. In addition, a pressing groove 310 is provided on the side of the cutter head 300 facing the axial fine groove 143, which is used to dock with one end of the elastic member 400. Through the pressure provided by the elastic member 400, the inclined and smooth end of the cutter head 300 can move against the side of the first cone 240.

[0047] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the elastic member 400 is arranged in the axial fine groove 143, and the middle part of the elastic member 400 is fixedly arranged, one end of which extends into the tooling body 100 to press against the second cone 260, and the other end of the elastic member 400 extends into the blade sliding hole 141 to press the cutter head 300 through the pressing groove 310, so that the cutter head 300 presses against the first cone 240.

[0048] A specific implementation of this embodiment is:

[0049] First, the tooling for processing the large aspect ratio inner hole variable cross-section groove is installed on the automated machine tool, the quick connector 185 provided on the docking end 180 of the tooling body 100 is docked with the spindle 900 of the automated machine tool, and the quick connector 285 in the sliding tail 280 of the movable vertebral body 200 is docked with the inner pull rod 950 of the automated machine tool; during processing, the spindle 900 and the inner pull rod 950 are started simultaneously for reciprocating motion, wherein the spindle 900 controls the cutter head 300 to reciprocate in the axial direction, and the inner pull rod 950 controls the movable vertebral body 200 to move axially in the tooling body 100, so that the cutter head 300 moves radially under the combined force of the first cone 240 and the elastic member 400, thereby processing the different depths required for the variable cross-section groove.

[0050] In this embodiment, the tooling for machining variable-section grooves of inner holes with large aspect ratios is provided with a tooling body 100 and a movable cone 200, relying on the tooling head 300 and the special-shaped spring 410 in the blade sliding hole 141 and the axial groove 143, and utilizing the force of the axial reciprocating motion of the movable cone 200 under the action of the inner pull rod 950 to make the tooling head 300 move telescopically in the radial direction, thereby realizing the controllable machining of variable-section grooves of inner holes with large aspect ratios by cutting, and solving the problem that the prior art machining methods of variable-section grooves of inner holes with large aspect ratios cannot meet the requirements well in terms of dimensional accuracy, surface roughness and machining efficiency.

[0051] At the same time, in this embodiment, four slot hole groups 140 are set up so that variable cross-section slots in different directions in the inner space with a large aspect ratio can be processed simultaneously, which not only improves the processing efficiency exponentially, but also unifies the processing size and precision of the same variable cross-section slots in all directions, reduces the processing errors between each other, and improves the effectiveness of the tooling in processing internal hole variable cross-section slots.

[0052] It should also be noted that in one or more embodiments, the number of slot groups 140 is not limited to four. Since the side wall of the movable vertebral body 200 can abut the cutter head 300 in various directions, multiple slot groups 140 can be set in multiple directions according to processing needs and the number of variable-section grooves in the inner hole, and the number of cutter heads 300 and elastic members 400 can be increased to process the inner hole.

[0053] Preferably, in this embodiment, a special-shaped spring 410 is used as the elastic member 400, and a first screw hole 145 is provided in the middle of the axial slot 143 for installing a screw to fix the special-shaped spring 410. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the special-shaped spring 410 has a force-bearing section 412, a spiral section 414 and a pressing section 416. The force-bearing section 412 is L-shaped, and its corner end has a smooth inclined surface, and extends into the tool body 100 to press against the side of the second cone 260; one end of the spiral section 414 is connected to the force-bearing section 412, and the spiral section 414 is fixed in the first screw hole 145 by a screw; one end of the pressing section 416 is connected to the spiral section 414, and the other end is inclined radially outward, and is connected to a pressing head 418 adapted to the pressing groove 310, and the pressing head 418 extends into the pressing groove 310 to press the tool head 300. When the movable vertebral body 200 moves axially, the force-bearing section 412 of the special-shaped spring 410 is squeezed by the side of the second cone 260 and moves upward, causing the spiral section 414 to be compressed, resulting in an increase in the pressure between the pressing section 416 and the screw. Under the pressure, the pressing section 416 deflects in direction, causing the pressing head 418 to deflect downward to press the cutter head 300. Due to the relative arrangement of the first cone 240 and the second cone 260, when the cutter head 300 moves a greater distance inward in the radial direction, the deflection of the pressing head 418 is also greater, so that the cutter head 300 can always be pressed against the side of the first cone 240 to avoid looseness that affects the processing accuracy.

[0054] Preferably, in this embodiment, four guide bars 600 may be provided on the outer side wall of the blade section 130 of the tool body 100, and the four guide bars 600 are provided between adjacent slot hole groups 140. Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the four guide bars 600 are flat bars with arcs at both ends, and are fixed to the second screw holes 150 on the outer wall of the tooling body 100 by screws, and are used to guide the circumferential position during the automatic machine tool processing.

[0055] Preferably, in this embodiment, a refueling hole 147 may be added to the slot hole group 140. Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the refueling hole 147 is in a large rectangular depression along the radially outward portion to facilitate the addition of lubricating oil; the refueling hole 147 is in an inclined circular hole shape along the radially inward portion to facilitate the lubricating oil to flow between the inner wall of the tooling body 100 and the side of the movable vertebral body 200, thereby reducing the friction loss between the two, increasing the service life of the tooling of this embodiment, and preventing the tooling temperature from being too high during processing, making it difficult to remove and replace the tooling after processing is completed.

[0056] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the utility model to be protected. The scope of protection of the utility model is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tool for machining a variable cross-section groove with a large aspect ratio, characterized in that: Include: The tool body (100) is cylindrical and has a plurality of slot hole groups (140) disposed on its outer side wall, each slot hole group (140) comprising a knife edge sliding hole (141) and an axial fine groove (143) that are interconnected; the knife edge sliding hole (141) and the axial fine groove (143) are both connected to the interior of the tool body (100); A movable cone (200) is slidably embedded in the tool body (100) and has at least a first cone portion (240) and a second cone portion (260), wherein the first cone portion (240) and the second cone portion (260) are connected via a smaller bottom surface; A cutter head (300) is slidably embedded in the cutter edge sliding hole (141); and an elastic member (400) disposed in the axial slot (143) and fixed in the middle, one end of the elastic member (400) extending into the tool body (100) to abut against the second cone (260), and the other end of the elastic member (400) extending into the blade sliding hole (141) to press against the cutter head (300), so that the cutter head (300) abuts against the first cone (240); When the movable cone (200) moves axially in the tool body (100), the cutter head (300) moves radially under the combined force of the first cone (240) and the elastic member (400).

2. The tooling for machining a variable cross-section groove with a large aspect ratio as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member (400) is a special-shaped spring (410), and a first screw hole (145) is provided in the middle of the axial slot (143); Wherein, the special-shaped spring (410) has at least: The force-bearing section (412) is L-shaped, and its corner end extends into the tool body (100) to abut against the second cone (260); a spiral section (414), one end of which is connected to the force-bearing section (412), and the spiral section (414) is arranged in the first screw hole (145) by means of a screw; and The pressing section (416) has one end connected to the spiral section (414) and the other end inclined upward and pressing the cutter head (300).

3. The tooling for machining a variable cross-section groove with a large aspect ratio as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A pressing groove (310) is provided on the side of the cutter head (300), and the elastic member (400) presses one end of the cutter head (300) to extend into the pressing groove (310).

4. The tooling for machining a variable cross-section groove with a large aspect ratio as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the elastic member (400) pressing the cutter head (300) is connected to a pressing head (418) adapted to the pressing groove (310).

5. The tooling for machining a variable cross-section groove with a large aspect ratio as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The tool body (100) has at least one butt joint end (180), and a quick connector (185) is provided on the butt joint end (180).

6. The tooling for machining a variable cross-section groove with a large aspect ratio as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The movable vertebral body (200) has at least one sliding tail (280), and a quick interface (285) is provided on the sliding tail (280).

7. The tooling for machining a variable cross-section groove with a large aspect ratio as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The tool body (100) has at least one mounting section (160), and an elastic sleeve (500) is sleeved on the mounting section (160).

8. The tooling for machining a variable cross-section groove with a large aspect ratio as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic sleeve (500) is provided with a first spiral coil (510) and a second spiral coil (520) at both ends, respectively, and the first spiral coil (510) and the second spiral coil (520) are threadedly connected to the outer wall of the mounting section (160).

9. The tooling for machining a variable cross-section groove with a large aspect ratio as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of guide bars (600) are provided on the outer side wall of the tool body (100), and the guide bars (600) are provided between adjacent slot hole groups (140).

10. The tooling for machining a variable cross-section groove with a large aspect ratio as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The slot hole group (140) further comprises at least one oil filling hole (147), wherein the portion of the oil filling hole (147) extending radially outwards is in the shape of a relatively large rectangular depression, and the portion extending radially inwards is in the shape of an inclined circular hole.

Images