Spraying assembly, battery pack and power utilization system

Abstract

The utility model provides a spraying assembly, a battery pack and a power utilization system. The spraying assembly comprises a containing part, the containing part comprises a containing body, the containing body is provided with an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is used for storing a working medium; the containing part further comprises an exhaust port, the exhaust port is formed in the containing body, an exhaust space is formed between the exhaust port and the inner cavity, the exhaust space is used for storing the working medium subjected to phase change, and the exhaust port is used for exhausting the working medium subjected to phase change in the exhaust space under preset conditions. When the working medium is impacted by high-temperature and high-pressure airflow generated by thermal runaway of the battery cells, the working medium is quickly evaporated or vaporized so as to absorb a large amount of heat, and the vaporized working medium is continuously discharged from the exhaust port so as to absorb the heat of the runaway battery cells, reduce the heat transferred to other battery cells and discharge nearby air in the battery pack; therefore, the combustion reaction and heat production of the battery cell are inhibited, and the thermal runaway degree of the battery pack is effectively inhibited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of battery systems, and in particular relates to a spray component, a battery pack and an electricity system. Background Art

[0002] Under abuse conditions, the explosion-proof valve of the runaway cell will open due to the high pressure inside the cell, which will cause a large amount of heat and high-temperature substances to erupt. Installing a spray device in the battery pack can suppress the degree of thermal runaway of the battery pack. The heat and high-temperature substances will destroy the weak points of the spray device, causing the internal working fluid to flow out to absorb heat and suppress heat diffusion. However, this device is disposable, and the internal working fluid cannot be fully utilized. Therefore, how to fully utilize the working fluid is a challenge for existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a spray assembly, a battery pack and an electricity system to at least partially solve the problems existing in the related art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The utility model provides a spray assembly, which comprises:

[0006] A container, the container comprising a container body, the container body having an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is used to store a working medium;

[0007] The container also includes an exhaust port, which is provided on the container body.

[0008] An exhaust space is provided between the exhaust port and the inner cavity, the exhaust space is used to store the working medium after phase change, and the exhaust port is used to discharge the working medium after phase change in the exhaust space under preset conditions.

[0009] Preferably, the container comprises an exhaust structure, the exhaust structure is arranged on the container body, the exhaust structure has a cavity, the cavity is suitable for communicating with the inner cavity, and the exhaust structure forms the exhaust port.

[0010] Preferably, the exhaust structure protrudes from the containing body along a direction intersecting with an extending direction of the containing body.

[0011] Preferably, along the first direction, the maximum height of the exhaust structure protruding from the accommodating body is h, and the height of the accommodating body at the corresponding position to the exhaust structure is d, satisfying:

[0012] 0.3*d≤h≤d.

[0013] The first direction is the same as a protruding direction of the exhaust structure.

[0014] Preferably, in a cross section of the container along the first direction, the maximum distance between any two positions of the exhaust structure is R1, and the maximum distance between any two positions of the container body is R2, and R1 and R2 satisfy:

[0015] 0.2*R2≤R1≤R2.

[0016] The first direction is the same as a protruding direction of the exhaust structure.

[0017] Preferably, the container is a pipe structure, the exhaust structure is spherical or hemispherical, the effective diameter of the exhaust structure is R1, the effective diameter of the container body is R2, and R1 and R2 satisfy:

[0018] 0.2*R2≤R1≤R2.

[0019] Preferably, the exhaust structure is spherical and / or hemispherical.

[0020] Preferably, a guide structure is provided on the exhaust structure to guide the direction in which the working medium is ejected.

[0021] Preferably, the exhaust structure comprises a weak structure, and the weak structure is arranged on the exhaust port, and is suitable for the working fluid to break through and be exhausted after being heated and vaporized.

[0022] The utility model further provides a battery pack, which includes the above-mentioned spray assembly and a battery cell, wherein the battery cell includes a pressure relief structure, and the spray assembly is arranged toward the pressure relief structure.

[0023] Preferably, the exhaust port is arranged toward the pressure relief structure.

[0024] Preferably, the battery pack includes a tray structure, and the spray assembly is integrated on the tray structure, and / or the battery pack further includes a cold plate assembly, and the spray assembly is integrated on the cold plate assembly.

[0025] Preferably, the maximum distance between the containing body and the pressure relief structure is ≤15 cm.

[0026] Preferably, the area of ​​the exhaust port is smaller than the area of ​​the pressure relief structure.

[0027] Preferably, the area of ​​the exhaust port is S1, the area of ​​the pressure relief structure is S2, and S1 and S2 satisfy:

[0028] 0.3*S2≤S1≤S2.

[0029] Preferably, the exhaust ports are the same in number as the pressure relief structures.

[0030] The utility model also provides an electricity consumption system, which includes the above-mentioned battery pack.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The design of the spray assembly can effectively absorb and disperse heat and high-temperature substances. The design of the inner cavity allows the container to accommodate enough working fluid to provide sufficient fire extinguishing capacity when needed. When the working fluid is impacted by the high-temperature and high-pressure airflow in the inner cavity of the container, it will quickly evaporate or vaporize into the exhaust space. When the air pressure reaches a certain threshold, the exhaust port can automatically open to release the stored working fluid to absorb heat while exhausting the nearby air to suppress combustion and heat generation. The existence of the exhaust space allows these phase-changed working fluids to be temporarily stored in the container without being discharged immediately. This helps to ensure a continuous supply of working fluids during the fire extinguishing process, thereby improving the fire extinguishing effect. Due to the existence of the exhaust space, the working fluid that has not been discharged can be reused the next time it is used, thereby reducing the cost of fire extinguishing and improving the sustainability of the entire system.

[0033] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the utility model. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the utility model, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the following preferred embodiments are specifically cited and described in detail with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention.

[0035] Figure 1 is a side view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 2 is a front view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a spray assembly along a first direction according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0038] Reference numerals:

[0039] 10: battery cell; 11: spray assembly;

[0040] 100: pressure relief structure; 110: containing body;

[0041] 1101: exhaust structure; 1102: exhaust space;

[0042] 1103: working fluid 1103; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, rather than all of them.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0045] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present utility model.

[0046] The terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the present utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0047] In this application Figure 1 As shown, the second direction D2 is the same as the extension direction of the containing body and is parallel to the plane formed when the working medium is stationary. The first direction D1 is the same as the protruding direction of the exhaust structure, and the first direction D1 is perpendicular to D2.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the utility model provides a spray assembly 11, which includes: a container, the container includes a container body 110, the container body 110 has an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is used to store a working medium 1103; the container also includes an exhaust port, the exhaust port is arranged on the container body 110, and there is an exhaust space 1102 between the exhaust port and the inner cavity, the exhaust space 1102 is used to store the working medium 1103 after phase change, and the exhaust port is used to discharge the working medium 1103 after phase change in the exhaust space 1102 under preset conditions. Figure 3As shown, in a specific embodiment, a part of the containing body 110 stores the working medium 1103, and the other part is combined with the exhaust structure 1101 cavity to form an exhaust space 1102. The exhaust space 1102 is not filled with liquid, and the design of the spray assembly 11 can effectively absorb and disperse heat and high-temperature substances. In another embodiment, the containing body 110 can also store the working medium 1103 in its entirety, and the exhaust structure 1101 cavity forms the exhaust space 1102. The design of the inner cavity allows the container to accommodate enough working medium 1103 to provide sufficient fire extinguishing capacity when needed. When the working medium 1103 is impacted by the high-temperature and high-pressure airflow in the inner cavity of the container, it will quickly evaporate or vaporize and enter the exhaust space 1102. When the air pressure reaches a certain threshold, the exhaust port can automatically open to release the stored working medium 1103 to absorb heat, while discharging the nearby air, thereby suppressing combustion and heat generation. The existence of the exhaust space 1102 allows these working mediums 1103 after phase change to be temporarily stored in the container without being discharged immediately. This helps ensure a continuous supply of the working fluid 1103 during the fire extinguishing process, thereby improving the fire extinguishing effect. Due to the existence of the exhaust space 1102, the unexhausted working fluid 1103 can be reused the next time it is used, thereby reducing the fire extinguishing cost and improving the sustainability of the entire system. Figure 3 As shown, the housing body 110 stores the working medium 1103. When the working medium 1103 is stationary, the exhaust port is arranged on the plane formed when the working medium 1103 is stationary to prevent the working medium from leaking due to the position being too low. In addition, it also prevents the vaporized working medium 1103 from directly impacting the exhaust port, and the working medium 1103 is not able to vaporize and directly leaks through the exhaust port, thereby improving the heat absorption effect.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present application, the containing body 110 is a pipeline structure. The pipeline structure can effectively contain and transport the working fluid 1103. Since the pipeline has a continuous channel, it can ensure that the working fluid 1103 flows smoothly during the fire extinguishing process, thereby achieving a fast and uniform cooling effect. In addition, the pipeline structure can also adapt to different layout requirements, making the spray assembly 11 more flexible and easy to install. In addition, the design of the containing body 110 as a pipeline structure can also be conveniently connected to other equipment or systems. In other embodiments, the design of this pipeline structure can be further expanded. For example, flexible pipelines or bendable pipeline materials can be used to adapt to more complex layout and installation requirements, and sensors and control systems can be integrated into the pipeline structure to achieve intelligent fire extinguishing control and monitoring. These expansions will further enhance the performance and function of the spray assembly 11, bring greater convenience and benefits to fire extinguishing work, and in addition, the pipeline can also be expanded into a flat structure, and the pipeline can be made of plastic, aluminum-plastic film, aluminum tube and other materials.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present application, the container includes an exhaust structure 1101, which is disposed on the container body 110. The exhaust structure 1101 has a cavity, which is suitable for communicating with the inner cavity, and the exhaust structure 1101 is formed with an exhaust port. The bottom of the exhaust structure 1101 is connected with the container body 110. When the working medium 1103 is heated and vaporized, the vaporized working medium 1103 enters the inner cavity of the container body 110 from the container body 110, and then enters the cavity of the exhaust structure 1101 from the bottom of the exhaust structure 1101, and is discharged from the exhaust port formed by the exhaust structure 1101. The bottom of the exhaust structure 1101 can be completely connected with the container body 110, or only a small hole for the vaporized working medium 1103 to enter can be provided. In one embodiment of the present application, the exhaust structure 1101 can be protruding outside the containing body 110. In another embodiment, the exhaust structure 1101 can also be set inside the containing body 110. The vaporized working medium 1103 is stored in the containing body 110 and discharged through the exhaust port on the exhaust structure 1101.

[0051] The exhaust structure 1101 helps to optimize the flow and distribution of the working fluid 1103. By rationally designing the position and shape of the exhaust structure, the flow path and speed of the working fluid 1103 in the containing body 110 can be controlled so that it can be more evenly and effectively distributed to the entire fire extinguishing area. This design can improve the fire extinguishing and cooling effects. The exhaust structure 1101 also provides additional space to accommodate the exhaust space 1102 to ensure that the working fluid 1103 is fully protected and preserved inside the containing body 110. This helps to reduce the loss and waste of the working fluid 1103 and improve the durability and economy of the spray assembly 11. The exhaust port is connected to the exhaust structure 1101, and the exhaust space 1102 is inside the exhaust structure 1101. There is an exhaust space 1102 between the exhaust port and the working fluid 1103. When the temperature is reduced, the unexhausted working fluid 1103 can be retained in the containing body 110. This design not only avoids the waste of the working fluid 1103, but also greatly improves the durability and economy of the spray assembly 11. Because the undischarged working fluid 1103 can be reused in multiple fire extinguishing processes without frequent replacement or replenishment, the fire extinguishing cost is significantly reduced.

[0052] like Figure 1As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, there are multiple exhaust structures 1101, and the exhaust structures 1101 protrude from the containing body 110 in a direction intersecting with the extension direction of the containing body 110. Multiple exhaust structures 1101 can better locate the ignition point. This design can improve the fire extinguishing and cooling effect, and make the fire extinguishing and cooling of the components more precise. In one embodiment of the present application, multiple exhaust structures 1101 are arranged in a straight line along the extension direction of the containing body 110. The multiple exhaust structures 1101 arranged in a straight line can ensure that there are uniform exhaust points in the entire extension direction of the containing body. This helps to release the working medium 1103 more evenly during the fire extinguishing process, thereby achieving comprehensive coverage of the fire source and rapid cooling. It also makes the overall structure of the containing part more concise and regular. This design is not only easy to manufacture and assemble, but also helps to reduce production costs and maintenance costs. In other embodiments, multiple exhaust structures 1101 can also be arranged at different positions according to specific circumstances.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present application, along the first direction, the maximum height of the exhaust structure 1101 protruding from the containing body 110 is h, and the height of the corresponding position of the containing body 110 and the exhaust structure 1101 is d, which satisfies: 0.3*d≤h≤d. h is the maximum height of the exhaust structure 1101 protruding from the containing body 110 at any position, d is the distance from the containing body 110 to the cavity of the exhaust structure 1101 and the connecting surface of the inner cavity of the containing body 110, and the corresponding position of the containing body 110 and the exhaust structure 1101 refers to the containing body corresponding to the exhaust structure on the cross section along the first direction. The height of the protrusion is higher than the height of the pipe. Therefore, under normal circumstances, due to the effect of gravity, the coolant is filled in the pipe and will not enter the exhaust structure 1101. Therefore, there is air in the protrusion. When the battery cell 10 is in thermal runaway, When the valve is opened to spray a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure airflow, the airflow impacts the pipeline, causing the temperature and pressure of the liquid in the pipeline to rise. The liquid fire extinguishing agent in the pipeline absorbs heat and vaporizes under the impact of the airflow and high temperature. The vaporized gas will first enter the protrusion, and the exhaust port of the protrusion will open immediately. The vaporized coolant will be continuously discharged to absorb the heat of the out-of-control battery cell 10 and reduce the heat transferred to other battery cells 10. At the same time, the air near the battery pack is discharged to suppress the combustion reaction and heat generation of other battery cells 10 after the valve is opened, and the degree of thermal runaway of the battery pack is effectively suppressed. On the other hand, when one of the battery cells 10 is out of control, the corresponding explosion-proof valve on the pipeline is opened, and a certain amount of coolant is used. When the temperature drops, the explosion-proof valve is closed and no coolant is consumed. If another battery cell 10 is out of control, the corresponding explosion-proof valve can also be opened again, and the effective coolant can be used to cool down again. The height of the exhaust structure 1101 directly determines the path length of the working medium 1103 discharged from the inner cavity to the external environment. A higher exhaust structure means that the working fluid 1103 needs to flow along a longer path, which may result in a slower exhaust speed. Conversely, a lower exhaust structure will cause the working fluid 1103 to be discharged more quickly. However, the higher exhaust structure 1101 allows the working fluid 1103 to have a larger diffusion angle when discharged, thereby covering a wider area. Therefore, if h < 0.3*d, the working fluid 1103 may not be effectively discharged, resulting in a poor fire extinguishing effect. While the height h> d can make it easier to discharge the working fluid 1103, it may also cause the working fluid 1103 to diffuse excessively, reducing the fire extinguishing efficiency. Therefore, limiting h to the range of 0.3*d to d can balance the exhaust efficiency and the distribution of the working fluid 1103, ensuring the best fire extinguishing effect.

[0054] Further, on a cross section of the receiving member parallel to the first direction, as Figure 3As shown, the maximum distance between any two positions of the exhaust structure 1101 is R1, and the maximum distance between any two positions of the housing body 110 is R2, and R1 and R2 satisfy: 0.2*R2≤R1≤R2. The satisfaction of R1≤R2 is to ensure that the exhaust space 1102 provides sufficient storage space for the vaporized working medium 1103, so that when the battery cell 10 is thermally runaway, the vaporized working medium 1103 can be temporarily stored in the exhaust space 1102, waiting for the weak point to be opened and discharged.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present application, the container is a pipe structure, the exhaust structure 1101 is spherical or hemispherical, the effective diameter of the exhaust structure 1101 is R1, the effective diameter of the containing body 110 is R2, and R1 and R2 satisfy: 0.2*R2≤R1≤R2. The exhaust structure 1101 is spherical, the effective diameter of the exhaust structure 1101 is the outer diameter of the sphere, the exhaust structure 1101 is hemispherical, the effective diameter of the exhaust structure 1101 is the outer diameter of the sphere after the hemisphere is supplemented, and the effective diameter of the containing body 110 is the outer diameter of a regular circular pipe with the same flow rate as the pipe under the same conditions. If the outer diameter of the exhaust structure 1101 is too large, it may result in a loose fit with the containing body 110. Satisfying 0.2*R2≤R1 is to ensure that there is enough exhaust space 1102 between the exhaust structure 1101 and the containing body 110. This exhaust space 1102 allows the high-temperature and high-pressure airflow to have enough space to enter the raised area when the battery cell 10 is thermally runaway. The airflow impacts the surface of the protrusion, causing the vaporization of the working fluid 1103 and the pressure rise. In this way, the exhaust port of the exhaust structure 1101 will open at an appropriate pressure, and the vaporized working fluid 1103 can be quickly discharged, thereby effectively absorbing the heat of the out-of-control battery cell 10. If the outer diameter of the exhaust structure 1101 is too small, the working fluid 1103 may not be able to enter the cavity smoothly, or excessive jet force may be formed during discharge, affecting the use effect. In addition, this outer diameter relationship also helps to optimize the flow of the working fluid 1103. Since the exhaust space 1102 between the exhaust structure 1101 and the containing body 110 is moderate, the working fluid 1103 will not form excessive jet force or cause structural damage during discharge. At the same time, the appropriate exhaust space 1102 also helps to reduce the resistance of the working fluid 1103 during the flow process and improve the cooling efficiency. If the outer diameter of the protrusion is too large or too small, it may cause instability or inefficiency in the flow of the working fluid 1103, thereby affecting the cooling effect of the battery pack.

[0056] like Figure 1-3As shown, the exhaust structure 1101 is set to a spherical or hemispherical shape. In one embodiment of the present application, the exhaust structure 1101 is set to a spherical shape. The spherical design has a larger surface area than the flat convex surface, thereby increasing the contact area with the working medium 1103. In the case of thermal runaway of the battery cell 10, more working medium 1103 can be quickly discharged from the exhaust port, effectively absorbing the heat of the runaway battery cell 10 and reducing the thermal impact on other battery cells 10. In addition, the spherical design makes the exhaust space 1102 formed inside the exhaust structure 1101 more uniform, which helps to disperse the pressure in all directions. When the battery cell 10 thermally runs away and generates high-temperature and high-pressure airflow, the airflow can impact the surface of the exhaust structure 1101 more evenly, and will not generate excessive pressure at a specific point. This design can reduce the impact on the structure and improve its ability to withstand pressure. In addition, the spherical design also helps to optimize the flow of the working medium 1103. Due to the shape of the exhaust structure 1101 and the structure of the exhaust space 1102, the working medium 1103 will form a certain vortex during the flow process. This swirl helps to increase the flow speed of the working medium 1103, so that it covers the inside of the battery pack more quickly and improves the cooling efficiency. At the same time, the swirl can also help take away more heat, further enhancing the cooling effect.

[0057] In some other embodiments, the exhaust structure 1101 can be set to other shapes, such as square, rectangular, polygonal, etc. These shapes of protrusions also have some advantages and can be applied to different battery pack designs and application scenarios: the design of the square protrusion can provide a larger surface area, thereby increasing the contact area with the working fluid 1103; the rectangular protrusion can provide a longer surface area, which is suitable for battery pack designs that require a longer working fluid 1103 flow path. The rectangular shape also helps to form more cavities in the vertical direction and increase the pressure bearing capacity; the polygonal protrusion can provide multiple corners or edges, which can be used as the inlet or outlet of the working fluid 1103. The polygonal design helps to guide the working fluid 1103 to flow along a specific path and improve the cooling efficiency. The protrusions can be adjusted according to the specific application to meet the different needs of the battery pack design. No matter which shape is chosen, the key is to ensure that the protrusions can effectively enhance the cooling effect, optimize the pressure bearing capacity, improve the cooling efficiency, and enhance the structural stability.

[0058] Furthermore, in the case where the cooling pipe is large and the weak point is difficult to face the explosion-proof valve, an additional drainage structure can be provided on the exhaust structure 1101 to guide the direction in which the working medium 1103 is ejected. In this specific embodiment, the drainage structure is a nozzle structure, and the nozzle structure is designed to face the explosion-proof valve. In some other embodiments, it includes but is not limited to an outward-expanded pointed nozzle, a curved nozzle, and the like.

[0059] The exhaust structure includes a weak structure, which is arranged on the exhaust port and is suitable for the working medium 1103 to break through and exhaust after being heated and vaporized. Generally, the weak structure can be a ruptured diaphragm, a fusible alloy, etc., or in the form of a notch. The weak structure is closed under normal circumstances. When the working medium 1103 is vaporized due to heat, the air pressure inside the exhaust structure increases. When the pressure in the exhaust space 1102 reaches a certain value, the weak structure on the protrusion will be opened. At this time, the vaporized working medium 1103 will be quickly discharged from the weak structure. This discharge can not only quickly take away the heat of the out-of-control battery cell 10 and reduce the transfer of heat to other battery cells 10, but also help to exhaust the air near the battery pack. Because the air contains oxygen, and oxygen is a necessary condition for the combustion reaction. By quickly exhausting the air, the combustion reaction and heat generation of other battery cells 10 after the valve is opened can be effectively suppressed, thereby significantly reducing the degree of thermal runaway of the battery pack.

[0060] On the second aspect, this specific implementation case also provides a battery pack, which includes the above-mentioned spray assembly 11 and battery cell 10, the battery cell 10 includes a pressure relief structure 100, and the spray assembly 11 is arranged toward the pressure relief structure 100. In one embodiment of the present application, when the internal pressure of the battery cell 10 increases due to overheating, when the pressure relief structure 100 opens the valve to spray a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure airflow, these airflows will directly impact the spray assembly 11. This impact will not only cause the temperature and pressure of the working fluid 1103 to rise, but also cause the working fluid 1103 in the spray assembly 11 to quickly absorb heat and produce a large amount of gas under the impact of the airflow and high temperature. These gases will first enter the raised exhaust space 1102, instantly increasing the pressure in the exhaust space 1102. As Figure 3 As shown, in a specific embodiment, the containing body 110 is filled with the working fluid 1103, and the exhaust space 1102 is not filled with liquid due to gravity. Such a design can prevent the coolant from leaking directly in the form of liquid due to excessive pressure when the explosion-proof valve is sprayed. When the pressure reaches a certain value, the weak structure on the protrusion will be opened, and it can also prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure gas from directly impacting the containing body 110, and the working fluid has not had time to vaporize and leak directly, thereby affecting the heat absorption effect. At this time, the vaporized working fluid 1103 will be quickly discharged from the weak point. This discharge can not only quickly take away the heat of the runaway battery cell 10 and reduce the transfer of heat to other battery cells 10, but also help to remove the air near the battery pack. Because the air contains oxygen, and oxygen is a necessary condition for the combustion reaction. By quickly discharging the air, the combustion reaction and heat generation of other battery cells 10 after the valve is opened can be effectively suppressed, thereby significantly reducing the degree of thermal runaway of the battery pack. It also helps to improve the overall safety of the battery pack. By quickly discharging the air, the oxygen supply can be effectively reduced, and the flame combustion can be further suppressed, thereby improving the overall safety of the battery pack. In addition, this design helps to extend the service life of the battery pack by reducing heat transfer between the cells 10 and reducing thermal runaway.

[0061] The spray assembly 11 is arranged toward the pressure relief structure 100. In one embodiment of the present application, when the battery cell 10 thermally runs away and generates a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure airflow, these airflows will directly impact the weak structure of the exhaust port. Since the spray assembly 11 is arranged directly opposite the pressure relief structure 100, the airflow will directly impact the containing body 110, thereby triggering the spray assembly 11 to spray the working medium 1103. The spray assembly 11 is arranged toward the pressure relief structure 100, and the flow direction of the airflow inside the battery pack can be accurately controlled. When the battery cell 10 thermally runs away and sprays a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure airflow, the airflow will directly impact the spray assembly 11, which can minimize the damage of the airflow to the surrounding structure. In addition, when the airflow impacts the spray assembly 11, the working medium 1103 can be sprayed out of the spray assembly 11 more effectively, thereby improving the cooling efficiency. This can reduce the temperature inside the battery pack more quickly and reduce the risk of thermal runaway. Furthermore, the exhaust structure of the spray assembly 11 is arranged toward the pressure relief structure, and each exhaust structure should correspond to one or more pressure relief structures to ensure that the fire extinguishing medium can be effectively released into the battery pack during the fire extinguishing process and quickly discharged through the pressure relief structure. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the exhaust structure corresponds to the pressure relief structure one by one. The determination of the correspondence needs to consider the fire extinguishing ability of the sprinkler assembly, the pressure relief ability of the pressure relief structure, and the thermal runaway characteristics inside the battery pack. By reasonably setting the correspondence between the exhaust structure and the pressure relief structure, it can be ensured that in an emergency, the sprinkler assembly and the pressure relief structure can work together to minimize the pressure accumulation inside the battery pack and quickly and effectively control the fire.

[0062] The battery pack includes a tray structure, and the spray assembly 11 is integrated on the tray structure, and / or the battery pack also includes a cold plate assembly, and the spray assembly 11 is integrated on the cold plate assembly. The integration method can be welding, riveting, bolts, snaps or gluing, etc. The spray assembly 11 can be integrated on the cold plate assembly and / or the tray structure in a variety of ways, for example, directly embedded in the cold plate assembly or installed on the tray structure. In some other embodiments, the cold plate assembly and the tray structure can also be designed as an integrated whole. During the design and production process, the most appropriate integration method should be selected according to the specific situation. Integrating the spray assembly with the tray structure or the cold plate assembly allows them to work together as a whole. This helps to improve the overall performance of the battery pack and also makes more efficient use of the space inside the battery pack. This integrated design avoids the additional space required for an additional independent fire extinguishing system, thereby helping to reduce the volume and weight of the battery pack and improve the overall space utilization.

[0063] Furthermore, the maximum distance between the housing body 110 and the pressure relief structure 100 is ≤15 cm. Figure 1As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, the containing body 110 and the pressure relief structure are placed in the same plane. At this time, the maximum distance between the containing body 110 and the pressure relief structure 100 is the farthest distance from the pressure relief structure 100 to the tube wall. When the battery cell 10 has thermal runaway and generates a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure airflow, the airflow can impact the containing body 110 faster because the straight-line distance between the containing body 110 and the pressure relief structure 100 is closer. In this way, the spray assembly 11 can be triggered faster, the response time can be shortened, and the development of thermal runaway can be controlled faster. At the same time, due to the short straight-line distance, the working fluid 1103 sprayed by the spray assembly 11 can reach the pressure relief structure 100 faster, improving the cooling efficiency. In this way, the temperature inside the battery pack can be reduced faster, reducing the harm of thermal runaway. In addition, the shorter distance can make better use of the space inside the battery pack, making the structure more compact. In this way, the volume and weight of the battery pack can be reduced, making it more suitable for compact devices and mobile application scenarios.

[0064] As shown in the figure, the area of ​​the exhaust port is smaller than the area of ​​the pressure relief structure 100. Since the exhaust port is small in area, it is easier to be broken through by the high-temperature and high-pressure airflow, thereby accurately triggering the spray assembly 11. This design can ensure a rapid response in the early stage of thermal runaway of the battery cell 10, further reducing the impact of thermal runaway on the battery pack.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present application, the area of ​​the exhaust port is S1, and the area of ​​the pressure relief structure 100 is S2, and S1 and S2 satisfy: 0.3*S2≤S1≤S2. In this embodiment, the weak structure of the exhaust port will be deformed or broken due to the internal pressure. The deformation or rupture of this weak structure will form a small nozzle, so that the vaporized working medium 1103 will be ejected from here at a certain speed and direction, and the ejected airflow can effectively take away the heat on the surface of the battery cell 10, thereby achieving a rapid cooling effect. However, if the ejected airflow is too large or too small, it will affect its cooling effect. If S1>S2, the airflow is too large, although the exhaust is faster, it may also cause too much fire extinguishing medium to be discharged quickly, resulting in a waste of working medium 1103 and reducing the fire extinguishing effect; when S2<0.3*S2, the airflow is too small, the exhaust port may not be able to discharge the gas generated during the fire extinguishing process in time, and the heat cannot be effectively taken away, and the expected cooling effect cannot be achieved, which will affect the efficiency of the pressure relief structure, and may even cause internal pressure accumulation, increasing the risk of explosion. In addition, an appropriate S1 can ensure that the fire extinguishing medium can be effectively released into the battery pack through the exhaust port when needed, and fully contact the fire source, thereby improving the fire extinguishing effect. If S1 is too small, the fire extinguishing medium may not be fully released, affecting the fire extinguishing effect; if S1 is too large, it may cause excessive diffusion of the fire extinguishing medium, which also reduces the fire extinguishing effect.

[0066] The number of exhaust ports and pressure relief structures 100 is the same. In one embodiment of the present application, the exhaust ports correspond to the pressure relief structures 100 one by one, and the pressure relief structure 100 and the exhaust ports work together to effectively balance the internal pressure of the battery pack under high temperature and high pressure conditions. In addition, since the number of exhaust ports and pressure relief structures 100 is the same, the spray assembly 11 can be more accurately positioned at the corresponding position of the pressure relief structure 100. This accuracy helps to ensure that when the battery cell 10 thermally runs away, the spray assembly 11 can promptly and effectively spray the working fluid 1103 to help cool and suppress the high temperature and high pressure airflow. The same number of exhaust ports and pressure relief structures 100 help optimize the use of the internal space of the battery pack. Such a design can maximize the energy density and performance of the battery pack within a limited space.

[0067] In some other embodiments, the number of pressure relief structures 100 and exhaust ports may be different, and the specific implementation options depend on specific application requirements and constraints. If the number of pressure relief structures 100 is greater than the exhaust ports, the pressure relief of the battery pack will be better guaranteed. In this case, more pressure relief structures 100 can help quickly release the pressure inside the battery pack, thereby reducing the risk of safety problems caused by pressure accumulation. On the contrary, if the number of exhaust ports is greater than the pressure relief structures 100, the weak areas of the battery pack may be more easily damaged, thereby triggering the safety mechanism. This design may be suitable for safety systems that require a quick response, such as in emergencies such as fires. In short, the ratio of the number of pressure relief structures 100 and exhaust ports can also be adjusted according to factors such as the size of the battery pack, the number and arrangement of the battery cells 10, and the specific application scenario.

[0068] On the third aspect, this specific implementation case also provides an electricity system, which includes the above-mentioned battery pack. In a specific embodiment, the electricity system can be any device or system that requires electric drive, such as electric vehicles, electric bicycles, electric tools, etc. The electricity system drives the operation of the electricity-consuming subject through the electric energy provided by the battery pack. In a specific implementation, the battery pack and the electricity-consuming subject can be electrically connected through cables, plugs, and other connection methods. At the same time, the heat-absorbing and heat-insulating components can be integrated with the battery pack and the electricity-consuming subject to achieve better heat dissipation and heat insulation effects. In addition, the electricity-consuming system can also be equipped with monitoring and protection devices to monitor and protect the operating status of the battery pack and the electricity-consuming subject in real time. For example, the monitoring device can monitor the temperature, voltage, current and other parameters of the battery pack and the electricity-consuming subject, and promptly alarm or take protective measures when an abnormal situation occurs.

[0069] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spray assembly, characterized in that: The spray assembly comprises: A container, the container comprising a container body, the container body having an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is used to store a working medium; The container also includes an exhaust port, which is provided on the container body. An exhaust space is provided between the exhaust port and the inner cavity, the exhaust space is used to store the working medium after phase change, and the exhaust port is used to discharge the working medium after phase change in the exhaust space under preset conditions.

2. The spray assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The container comprises an exhaust structure, the exhaust structure is arranged on the container body, the exhaust structure has a cavity, the cavity is suitable for communicating with the inner cavity, and the exhaust structure is formed with the exhaust port.

3. The spray assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The exhaust structure protrudes from the containing body along a direction intersecting with an extending direction of the containing body.

4. The spray assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: Along the first direction, the maximum height of the exhaust structure protruding from the accommodating body is h, and the height of the corresponding position of the accommodating body and the exhaust structure is d, which satisfies: 0.3*d≤h≤d; The first direction is the same as a protruding direction of the exhaust structure.

5. The spray assembly according to claims 2-4, characterized in that: On a cross section of the container along the first direction, the maximum distance between any two positions of the exhaust structure is R1, and the maximum distance between any two positions of the container body is R2, and R1 and R2 satisfy: 0.2*R2≤R1≤R2; The first direction is the same as a protruding direction of the exhaust structure.

6. The spray assembly according to claims 2-4, characterized in that: The container is a pipe structure, the exhaust structure is spherical or hemispherical, the effective diameter of the exhaust structure is R1, the effective diameter of the container body is R2, and R1 and R2 satisfy: 0.2*R2≤R1≤R2.

7. The spray assembly according to claims 2-4, characterized in that: The exhaust structure is in a spherical and / or hemispherical shape.

8. The spray assembly according to claims 2-4, characterized in that: The exhaust structure is provided with a guide structure for guiding the direction in which the working medium is ejected.

9. The spray assembly according to claims 2-4, characterized in that: The exhaust structure comprises a weak structure, which is arranged on the exhaust port and is suitable for the working medium to break through and be exhausted after being heated and vaporized.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery pack comprises the spray assembly and a battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the battery cell comprises a pressure relief structure, and the spray assembly is arranged toward the pressure relief structure.

11. The battery pack according to claim 10, characterized in that: The exhaust port is arranged toward the pressure relief structure.

12. The battery pack according to claim 10, characterized in that: The battery pack includes a tray structure, the spray assembly is integrated on the tray structure, and / or the battery pack also includes a cold plate assembly, the spray assembly is integrated on the cold plate assembly.

13. The battery pack according to claim 10, characterized in that: The maximum distance between the containing body and the pressure relief structure is ≤15 cm.

14. The battery pack according to claim 10, characterized in that: The area of ​​the exhaust port is smaller than the area of ​​the pressure relief structure.

15. The battery pack according to claim 14, characterized in that: The area of ​​the exhaust port is S1, and the area of ​​the pressure relief structure is S2. S1 and S2 satisfy: 0.3*S2≤S1≤S2.

16. The battery pack according to claim 10, characterized in that: The number of the exhaust ports is the same as the number of the pressure relief structures.

17. An electricity system, characterized in that: The power consumption system comprises a battery pack according to any one of claims 10 to 16.

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