A kind of integral attachment and excavator

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of railway maintenance equipment, and more particularly to a shaping attachment and an excavator. A shaping attachment includes a frame, a driving mechanism fixed on the frame, a reduction mechanism connected to the driving mechanism, a ballast removal shaft connected to the reduction mechanism, and a traveling mechanism fixed to the lower part of the frame, wherein the ballast removal shaft is rotationally connected to the frame, the output end of the driving mechanism is connected to the input end of the reduction mechanism, the output end of the reduction mechanism is connected to the ballast removal shaft, and a ballast removal pipe is fixed to the ballast removal shaft along the length direction. The hydraulic motor of the shaping attachment of the present application is connected to the hydraulic pipeline of the excavator, which can avoid the use of a large independent pump station, so that the shaping attachment does not need to be connected to other mechanisms, the structure is simplified, and the overall weight of the shaping attachment is also light, thereby realizing lightweight shaping attachment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of railway maintenance equipment, and in particular to an integrated attachment and an excavator. Background Art

[0002] The main function of the ballast (crushed stone) laid on the railroad subgrade is to support the sleepers, evenly transfer the huge pressure on the top of the sleepers to the subgrade surface, fix the position of the sleepers, prevent the sleepers from moving longitudinally or laterally, reduce the deformation of the subgrade, ease the impact of the wheels of the locomotive and vehicle on the rails, and facilitate drainage. Therefore, after the ballast is worn out, it needs to be replenished, and after replenishing the ballast, it needs to be shaped, that is, the piled or unevenly placed ballast is flattened or evenly distributed to facilitate subsequent tamping (compacting and reinforcement). Therefore, shaping is an indispensable and important part of the railway maintenance process.

[0003] Traditional shaping is done manually by workers holding tools, but manual shaping is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the work quality is not uniform. With the development of industry technology, hydraulic pump stations and large mechanical equipment are also equipped, and drive systems and actuators are set on the equipment. The weight of the shaping is very large. When shaping, specific working time needs to be reserved to lift the large equipment onto the rails, then shape the ballast, and then lift it off the rails after the work is completed. In the event of an emergency, large equipment cannot be quickly put on and off the track.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a convenient and flexible shaping attachment that is easy to get on and off the road. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to facilitate flexible up and down tracks and realize shaping operations, this application adopts the following technical solutions.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a shaping accessory, including a frame, a driving mechanism fixed on the frame, a reduction mechanism connected to the driving mechanism, a ballast removing shaft connected to the reduction mechanism, and a traveling mechanism fixed to the lower part of the frame, the ballast removing shaft is rotatably connected to the frame, the output end of the driving mechanism is connected to the input end of the reduction mechanism, the output end of the reduction mechanism is connected to the ballast removing shaft, and the ballast removing shaft is fixed with a ballast removing tube along the length direction.

[0007] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a hydraulic motor, which is fixed on the frame. There are two ballast removing shafts, which are both arranged parallel to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor, one ballast removing shaft is arranged on one side of the hydraulic motor, and the other ballast removing shaft is arranged on the other side of the hydraulic motor.

[0008] Preferably, the ballast removing pipes are staggered in the length direction of the ballast removing shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the traveling mechanism comprises traveling wheels, and the rolling direction of the traveling wheels is parallel to the axial direction of the ballast shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the walking mechanism also includes a walking frame and a wheel frame, the walking frame is fixedly connected to the frame, the wheel frame is sleeved in the walking frame, the wheel frame is slidingly connected to the walking frame, a spring is provided in the sliding direction, one end of the spring abuts against the walking frame, and the other end abuts against the wheel frame.

[0011] Preferably, a protective plate is fixedly provided at the lower part of the frame.

[0012] Preferably, a connection end is fixedly provided on the upper portion of the frame for connecting to a quick-change device of an excavator.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present application provides an excavator, comprising an excavator body and the aforementioned integral accessories.

[0014] Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic pipeline of the excavator body is connected to the hydraulic motor.

[0015] Preferably, a connecting end is provided on the upper portion of the shaping attachment, and the excavator body is connected to the connecting end.

[0016] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects.

[0017] 1. The hydraulic motor of the integral attachment of the present application is connected to the hydraulic pipeline of the excavator, which can avoid the use of a large independent pump station, so that the integral attachment does not need to be connected to other mechanisms, the structure is simplified, and the overall weight of the integral attachment is also light, thereby achieving lightweight integral attachment.

[0018] 2. The shaping attachment of the present application is connected to the excavator, and the movement of the excavator drives the shaping attachment to move. There is no need to set up a separate power source for the shaping attachment to move, thereby simplifying the structure, reducing the overall weight, and allowing the shaping attachment to move up and down the road quickly.

[0019] 3. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. The excavator can be operated to realize the movement of the whole attachment and the control of the hydraulic motor, and can also realize rapid up and down roads when necessary or even in an emergency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is the external overall structure diagram of the plastic attachment of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 It is the internal structure diagram of the plastic attachment of this application.

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of part I.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the ballast removal tubes on the two ballast removal shafts highlighted by the integral attachment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the walking mechanism of the shaping attachment of this application.

[0025] Description of reference numerals:

[0026] 1. Frame; 11. Shell; 12. Connection end; 2. Hydraulic motor; 21. Output wheel; 3. Traveling mechanism; 31. Traveling frame; 32. Shock-absorbing groove; 33. Traveling wheel; 34. Wheel frame; 35. Slide bar; 36. Guide rod; 4. Traveling rail; 5. Reversing wheel; 6. Pulley; 7. Slag removal shaft; 71. Ballast removal pipe; 8. Protective plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with all the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] This embodiment provides a shaping attachment, which is connected to an excavator via a quick-change device and is used for shaping railway ballast.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 A shaping attachment includes a frame 1, a hydraulic motor 2 fixed to the frame 1, and a traveling mechanism 3. A connecting end 12 is fixed to the upper end of the frame 1, and the connecting end 12 is used to connect to the quick-change device of the excavator, so that the shaping attachment is driven to move by the movement of the excavator's boom. When the connecting end 12 is connected to the quick-change device of the excavator, the excavator moves along the extension direction of the track, and the shaping attachment is driven to move on the running track 4 by the traveling mechanism 3 provided on the frame 1. A shell 11 for shielding internal components is provided on the outside of the frame 1. A protective plate 8 for shielding flying gravel is provided at the bottom of the frame 1.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The output end of the hydraulic motor 2 is coaxially fixed with an output wheel 21, and the outer peripheral surface of the output wheel 21 is gear-shaped. A reversing wheel 5 and two pulleys 6 are rotatably connected to the frame 1. The outer peripheral surfaces of the reversing wheel 5 and the pulley 6 are both gear-shaped, and the number of teeth on the outer peripheral surfaces of the two pulleys 6 is the same. One pulley 6 is arranged on one side of the hydraulic motor 2, and the other pulley 6 is arranged on the other side of the hydraulic motor 2. The output wheel 21 is externally meshed with the reversing wheel 5, and the reversing wheel 5 is externally meshed with one pulley 6. Two ballast-scraping shafts are rotatably connected to the frame 1 along the axial direction of the output wheel 21, and the pulley 6 is connected to the end of one ballast-scraping shaft by a belt. The output wheel 21 is also externally meshed with another pulley 6, and this pulley 6 is connected to the end of another ballast-scraping shaft by a belt. The reversing wheel 5 makes the rotation directions of the two ballast-scraping shafts opposite. The output wheel 21, the reversing wheel 5 and the pulley 6 constitute a gear reduction mechanism, and the gear reduction mechanism is arranged in the reduction box of the frame 1.

[0032] The ballast removal shaft is fixedly connected with a ballast removal tube 71 in the radial direction, and each ballast removal shaft is fixedly connected with four ballast removal tubes 71 in the length direction. Each ballast removal tube 71 passes through the ballast removal shaft along the diameter of the ballast removal shaft 7 and is fixed, so that the lengths of the ballast removal tubes 71 on both sides of the ballast removal shaft are the same. On the outer peripheral surface of the ballast removal shaft, the four ballast removal tubes 71 and the fixed position of the ballast removal shaft form a straight line, and this straight line is parallel to the axis of the ballast removal shaft 7.

[0033] See also Figure 4 The ballast pipes 71 on the two ballast removal shafts are dispersed and staggered in the axial direction, ensuring that the ballast removal pipes 71 on the two shafts will not collide when the two ballast removal shafts rotate in the axial direction. The ballast removal pipes 71 on the two ballast removal shafts are evenly spaced in the axial direction, ensuring that the ballast removal pipes 71 have a smooth and uniform shaping effect on the railway gravel.

[0034] See also Figure 5 , the walking mechanism 3 is arranged on the frame 1. In this embodiment, the walking mechanism 3 is arranged at the four corners of the shaping attachment. Each walking mechanism 3 includes a walking frame 31, a wheel frame 34 and a shock-absorbing component. In this embodiment, the shock-absorbing component is a spring. The walking frame 31 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and is roughly in the shape of "∩". The wheel frame 34 is roughly in the shape of "∩". The wheel frame 34 is integrally sleeved in the walking frame 31. Vertical shock-absorbing grooves 32 are symmetrically provided on both side walls of the walking frame 31. Slide rods 35 are fixed on both sides of the wheel frame 34. The slide rods 35 are inserted into the shock-absorbing grooves 32. The slide rods 35 are slidably connected to the shock-absorbing grooves 32. The wheel frame 34 is rotatably connected to the walking wheel 33, and the walking wheel 33 is rollingly connected to the walking rail. A guide rod 36 is fixedly arranged at a position of the traveling frame 31 above the wheel frame 34 along the direction of the shock absorbing groove 32. A spring (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the outer sleeve of the guide rod 36. One end of the spring abuts against the lower wall of the traveling frame 31, and the other end abuts against the upper wall of the wheel frame 34. Under the action of the spring, the wheel frame 34 can be slidably connected with the traveling frame 31 along the direction of the shock absorbing groove 32.

[0035] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: the hydraulic pipeline of the excavator is connected to the hydraulic motor 2 of the shaping attachment, the excavator walks on the lower track, the quick-change device of the excavator is mechanically connected to the upper connection end 12 of the attachment, so that the excavator drives the shaping attachment to walk on the walking track. A hydraulic pipeline is connected to the hydraulic motor 2 on the hydraulic press, and then transmitted to the ballast removal shaft through a gear reduction, and the ballast removal shaft drives the ballast removal pipe 71 to rotate to level the gravel.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] An embodiment of the present application provides an excavator, which includes an excavator body and the shaping attachment described in Example 1. The excavator can be a small excavator, which is used for the shaping of railway ballast. The excavator body is connected to the connecting part of the shaping attachment through a quick-change device. Quick installation and disassembly are achieved. The excavator body is provided with a hydraulic system connected to the hydraulic motor 2 of the shaping attachment, and the hydraulic system includes components such as a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic oil tank, and a hydraulic pipeline, which provide a power source for the hydraulic motor 2.

[0038] In actual application, the operator can control the rotation of the hydraulic motor 2 by controlling the hydraulic system of the excavator, and then drive the slag removal shaft 7 to rotate through the gear reduction mechanism, so that the ballast removal pipe 71 can level the gravel on the railway. The shaping attachment has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can be quickly installed on the excavator, which can significantly improve the efficiency and quality of railway maintenance operations.

[0039] During the movement of the excavator, the lower running wheels 33 run on the running rails to ensure the stable movement of the attachments on the running rails. The hydraulic motor 2 provides a power source, which transmits the power to the slag removal shaft 7 through the gear reduction mechanism in the reduction box, driving the slag removal pipe 71 to perform leveling operations. Multiple slag removal pipes 71 are distributed along the length direction of the slag removal shaft 7 to improve the leveling efficiency.

[0040] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: the excavator is connected to the shaping attachment of embodiment 1 through a quick-change device, so that the shaping attachment can be easily put on and off the track. During the shaping process, there is no need to arrange a long period of idle operation time. Even in an emergency, the shaping attachment can be quickly put on and off the track under the action of the excavator, which significantly improves the efficiency and quality of railway maintenance operations.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the connection end 12 adopts a detachable connection method. This embodiment adopts a bolt connection to facilitate the rapid disassembly of the entire attachment for maintenance or replacement when necessary. The connection structure of the connection end 12 can also be adaptively designed according to different models of excavator quick-change devices to improve the versatility of this application.

[0043] Example 4

[0044] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the travel wheel 33 is made of wear-resistant material, such as hard alloy, ceramic, etc., to improve the wear resistance and service life of the travel wheel 33. The number of travel wheels 33 is increased to six as needed, distributed on both sides of the shaping attachment to improve walking stability and load-bearing capacity.

[0045] Example 5

[0046] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the hydraulic motor 2 adopts a high-efficiency, low-noise design to improve the working efficiency of the hydraulic motor 2 and reduce noise pollution. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor 2 can also be designed to be retractable so that the length of the output shaft can be adjusted when necessary to adapt to different types of reduction boxes and slag removal shafts 7.

[0047] Example 6

[0048] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the gear reduction mechanism in the reduction box adopts multi-stage reduction to improve the reduction ratio and transmission efficiency. The reduction box can also adopt a modular design to facilitate rapid replacement or maintenance when necessary.

[0049] Example 7

[0050] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the ballast removal pipe 71 on the slag removal shaft 7 is of adjustable design, such as telescopic, foldable, etc., which is convenient for adjusting the length and angle of the ballast removal pipe 71 to meet the needs of different leveling operations. The support structure of the slag removal shaft 7 can also be elastically supported to reduce the impact of vibration and impact on the slag removal shaft 7.

[0051] Example 8

[0052] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that this embodiment does not use the hydraulic motor 2, but an electric motor or a pneumatic motor, which can drive the ballast removal shaft to rotate, so that the ballast removal tube 71 completes the shaping operation.

[0053] Example 9

[0054] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that this embodiment is not connected to the connecting end 12 through a quick-change device, but is fixed to the shaping attachment by a soft rope, and then the soft rope is hung on the excavator arm. When the excavator moves, the shaping attachment is driven to move on the walking track, so that the ballast pipe 71 completes the shaping operation.

[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A shaping attachment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1), a driving mechanism fixed on the frame (1), a reduction mechanism connected to the driving mechanism, a ballast removing shaft connected to the reduction mechanism, and a traveling mechanism (3) fixed to the lower part of the frame (1), wherein the ballast removing shaft is rotationally connected to the frame (1), the output end of the driving mechanism is connected to the input end of the reduction mechanism, the output end of the reduction mechanism is connected to the ballast removing shaft, and a ballast removing shaft is fixedly provided with a ballast removing tube (71) along the length direction.

2. A shaping attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic motor (2), wherein the hydraulic motor (2) is fixedly mounted on the frame (1), and there are two ballast-removing shafts, both of which are arranged parallel to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor (2), one of which is arranged on one side of the hydraulic motor (2), and the other of which is arranged on the other side of the hydraulic motor (2).

3. A shaping attachment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ballast removal pipes (71) are arranged in a staggered manner in the length direction of the ballast removal shaft.

4. A shaping attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walking mechanism (3) comprises walking wheels (33), and the rolling direction of the walking wheels (33) is parallel to the axial direction of the ballast removal shaft.

5. A shaping attachment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The walking mechanism (3) further comprises a walking frame (31) and a wheel frame (34); the walking frame (31) is fixedly connected to the frame (1); the wheel frame (34) is sleeved in the walking frame (31); the wheel frame (34) is slidably connected to the walking frame (31); a spring is provided in the sliding direction; one end of the spring abuts against the walking frame (31) and the other end abuts against the wheel frame (34).

6. A shaping attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective plate (8) is fixedly provided at the lower part of the frame (1).

7. A shaping attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the frame (1) is fixedly provided with a connection end (12) for connecting to a quick-change device of an excavator.

8. An excavator, characterized in that: The invention comprises an excavator body and the integral attachment according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. An excavator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic motor (2), and the hydraulic pipeline of the excavator body is connected to the hydraulic motor (2).

10. An excavator according to claim 9, characterized in that: A connecting end (12) is provided on the upper portion of the shaping attachment, and the excavator body is connected to the connecting end (12).

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