Microwave switch

Abstract

The utility model discloses a microwave switch, which comprises a shell, a first input port, a second input port and at least two output ports are arranged on the shell, the first input port is connected with a control signal channel, the second input port is connected with the output ports through a microwave signal channel, a metal shielding plate is arranged in the shell, and the metal shielding plate is connected with the output ports. The front side and the rear side of the metal shielding plate are provided with a first cavity and a second cavity respectively, the control signal channel is arranged in the first cavity, the microwave signal channel is arranged in the second cavity, the control signal channel is electrically connected with the microwave signal channel through a through hole in the metal shielding plate, and the metal shielding plate surrounds the second cavity to form a shielding structure. And an anti-interference resistor is connected in series between the control signal channel and the microwave signal channel. According to the utility model, the problem of microwave signal leakage of a multi-channel microwave signal change-over switch in the prior art is solved, and the isolation degree of each channel of the microwave switch is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electronic communications, in particular to a microwave switch. Background Art

[0002] The application fields of microwave switches mainly include: automatic control, lighting control, communication, radar and navigation systems, industrial automation and other fields. Therefore, multi-channel microwave signal switching switch is a commonly used microwave component.

[0003] In microwave communication systems, the transmitted signal is typically high-power and the received signal is very weak. Therefore, microwave switches must have high isolation levels. Furthermore, microwave signal leakage must not occur in other physical paths within the switch. However, existing microwave switches do not meet these requirements. Furthermore, since multi-channel microwave switches have multiple output channels, a certain degree of isolation must be maintained between channels to prevent interference between the microwave signals output from the switches. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical solution provided by this utility model solves the problem of microwave signal leakage in the prior art multi-channel microwave signal switching switch and increases the isolation of each channel of the microwave switch. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a microwave switch, comprising a housing, having a first input port, a second input port and at least two output ports on the housing, wherein the first input port is connected to a control signal path, and the second input port is connected to the output port via a microwave signal path. A metal shielding plate is provided in the housing, and a first cavity and a second cavity are respectively provided on the front and rear surfaces of the metal shielding plate. The control signal path is arranged in the first cavity, and the microwave signal path is arranged in the second cavity. The control signal path is electrically connected to the microwave signal path via a through hole in the metal shielding plate. The metal shielding plate forms a shielding partition between the output ports, and an anti-interference resistor is connected in series between the control signal path and the microwave signal path.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the microwave switch, the microwave signal path is provided on a substrate in the second cavity, and the depth of the substrate in the second cavity is 4-5 mm.

[0007] In the technical solution introduced above, the utility model isolates the microwave signal path and the control signal path through a metal shielding plate to reduce the leakage of microwave signals in the control signal path; an anti-interference resistor is connected in series at the control port, which not only protects the circuit from current breakdown, but also has a filtering effect to reduce the interference of microwave signals on the control signal.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of a microwave switch, the microwave signal path includes a microwave signal transmission line and a controller, the microwave signal transmission line has an output branch corresponding to each output port, the output branch input end is connected to the second input port, the output branch output end is connected to the corresponding output port, the controller input end is connected to the control signal path through an anti-interference resistor, and the controller output end is connected to the output branch.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the microwave switch, the controller includes a first transistor and a second transistor, the base of the first transistor is connected to the anti-interference resistor, the emitter of the first transistor is grounded, the collector of the first transistor is connected to the base of the second transistor, the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the power supply, and the collector of the second transistor is connected to the output branch.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the microwave switch, a diode is provided on the output branch, the second input port and the collector of the second transistor are connected to the input end of the diode, and the ground circuit and the output port are connected to the output end of the diode.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the microwave switch, the ground circuit has a 50 ohm ground resistor.

[0012] In the technical solution introduced above, when the control circuit transmits a control signal to cut off the output branch, the corresponding output branch is connected to the ground circuit, so that the microwave signal on the corresponding output branch is grounded, thereby increasing the isolation between the various output ports.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the microwave switch, a third cavity is provided outside the grounding resistor and located on the front surface of the metal shielding plate.

[0014] In the technical solution introduced above, by arranging the grounding resistor and the microwave signal path on the front and rear surfaces of the metal shielding plate, the microwave signal on the grounding circuit is further isolated by the metal isolation plate, thereby ensuring the isolation of each output port.

[0015] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In the attached figure:

[0017] Figure 1 This is the main view of the cavity of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a rear view of the cavity of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 1 AA cross-sectional view of the middle cavity;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a circuit logic schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a circuit principle diagram of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] See also Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides a microwave switch including a housing 100, the interior of which is divided into a first chamber 200, a second chamber 300, and an additional third chamber 400 by a metal shielding plate 140. The housing 100 is provided with a first input port 110, a second input port 120, and four output ports 130. The housing 100 is used to provide physical protection and support structure for the entire microwave switch. The first input port 110 is used to receive a control signal and is connected to the control signal path in the first chamber 200. The second input port 120 is used to receive a microwave signal and is connected to the microwave signal path in the second chamber 300. There are four output ports 130, which are respectively connected to the output branches of the microwave signal path in the second chamber 300.

[0024] Specifically, the front surface of the metal shielding plate 140 has a first cavity 200, and the rear surface of the metal shielding plate 140 has a second cavity 300. The first cavity 200 is connected to the first input port 110. The first cavity 200 is used to mount a first substrate carrying a control signal path. The control signal path on the first substrate is connected to the first input port 110. The second cavity 300 has one end connected to the second input port 120 and the other end connected to each of the four output ports 130. The second cavity 300 is used to mount a second substrate carrying a microwave signal path. The second input port 120 is connected to the output port 130 via the microwave signal path on the second substrate.

[0025] The metal shielding plate 140 is provided with a through hole 141 connecting the first chamber 200 and the second chamber 300. Electrical wires pass through through hole 141, electrically connecting the control signal path on the first substrate with the microwave signal path on the second substrate. The second substrate is positioned at a depth of 4-5 mm within the second chamber. The gaps between the first and second chambers 200 and 300 are filled with absorbing material to absorb microwave signals leaking from the control and microwave signal paths.

[0026] A shielding baffle 142 is formed on the metal shielding plate 140. The shielding baffle 142 is disposed between the four output ports 130 to separate the four output ports 130. This forms four mutually isolated output branches of the microwave signal path in the second cavity 300, thereby increasing the isolation between each output port 130.

[0027] The front surface of the metal shielding plate 140 also features a third cavity 400 for mounting a grounding resistor. As part of the microwave switch, the third cavity 400 is independently designed on the metal shielding plate 140 to reduce signal interference. The grounding resistor is connected in series with the microwave signal path connecting each output port 130. This grounding resistor allows the microwave signal to be received directly through the ground line, thereby increasing isolation between each output port 130.

[0028] The front and rear surfaces of the housing 100 are provided with covers for sealing the chamber, and the covers are made of metal. The main function of the covers is to seal the open ends of the housing 100, thereby ensuring the sealing and integrity of the internal chamber. Several fixing holes 150 are designed and arranged at the edges of the front and rear surfaces of the housing 100 and at positions on the metal shielding plate 140 where no chamber is provided. The positions of these fixing holes 150 must be precisely calculated to ensure that the cover is evenly stressed after installation and to avoid local stress concentration. The cover is fixed to the front and rear of the housing by screws installed in the fixing holes 150 and is attached to the metal shielding plate 140.

[0029] Based on the above solution, the housing structure includes a third chamber for mounting a grounding resistor and shielding baffles between each output port to increase isolation between each output port 130. Furthermore, the control signal path and microwave signal path are arranged in front of and behind the metal shielding plate 140, respectively. The cavities housing the control signal path and microwave signal path are filled with absorbing material, reducing interference from the microwave signal generated by the control signal path on the microwave signal path.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present invention, the control signal ports D0 and D1 are connected to a control signal path, the control signal path is connected to a controller of a microwave signal path, and the controller controls the second input port of the microwave signal path to connect to a corresponding output port.

[0031] For details, see Figure 4 The control signal path is a logic circuit with a NAND gate, which provides a TTL level to the microwave signal path through a pre-set encoder, and controls the conduction and cutoff of the microwave signal path through the TTL level.

[0032] The microwave signal path includes a microwave signal transmission line and a controller. The microwave signal transmission line connects the second input port RFC and the output ports RF1 to RF4. The microwave signal transmission line has an output branch connected to each corresponding output port. Each output branch is not only connected to the corresponding output port but also to a ground circuit. The ground circuit is provided with a ground resistor with a resistance of 50 ohms.

[0033] The controller's input is connected to the logic signal path, and its output is connected to the output branch, forming an RF electronic switch. The RF electronic switch uses a dual-state driver to connect the PIN diodes in the output branch in series and parallel, switching the RF signal on and off in a particular path.

[0034] In this embodiment, the microwave signal path controller and grounding circuit together form an absorptive switch. When the output branch is disconnected, the grounding circuit connects the microwave signal to a grounded load, improving the standing wave of the signal at the output port and enhancing isolation between signal channels. Furthermore, when the output branch is connected, the grounding circuit also functions as an equalizer, ensuring consistent flatness of the microwave signal within the signal band.

[0035] Specifically, by defining D0 and D1 as the input ports of the control signal path, the control signal is processed by the NAND gate logic circuit, and the controller controls the switch in the corresponding output branch to be turned on or off. The relationship between the input value of the control signal and the path status of each output branch is shown in Table 1.

[0036]

[0037] Table 1

[0038] See also Figure 5 The controller outputs high and low voltages under the control of the logic signals output by the logic signal path. Specifically, the output ends of the logic signal paths D0 and D1 are connected to the base of an NPN transistor through a 1K ohm anti-interference resistor R2. The emitter of the NPN transistor is grounded, and the collector is connected to the base of the PNP transistor. The emitter of the PNP transistor is connected to the power supply voltage, and the collector is connected to one of the branches of the microwave signal path.

[0039] Because the electronic switch in this embodiment corresponds to four output ports, the circuit structure of the four output branches connected to the four different output ports is identical. The input end of the PIN diode VD1 in this output branch is connected to the collector of the PNP transistor. PIN diode VD1 and PIN diode VD2 are connected in parallel in the output branch of the RF circuit. PIN diode VD2 is connected to the ground circuit. The output end of PIN diode VD1 is connected to the output port and the ground circuit, respectively. A 50-ohm grounding resistor R8 is provided on the grounding conductor.

[0040] In specific implementations, the output values ​​of the controller's output terminals D0 and D1 control the conduction or cutoff of Q1 in the corresponding output branch. A 1k ohm resistor R2 is connected in series at the junction of the control signal path and the microwave signal path to prevent PIN diode VD1 from breaking down in the event of excessive current, thus providing protection. This resistor also reduces signal interference, enhances signal stability, and reduces spurious effects between channels or the microwave signal itself. External control signals provide high and low voltage levels, controlling the conduction and cutoff of each output branch via NPN and PNP transistors. Specifically, when transistor Q1 is on, the base of transistor Q2 is at a low voltage level, turning Q2 on. At this point, the collector of transistor Q2 is at a low voltage level, turning off diode VD1 in the output branch. At this point, the output branch is cut off, and the control signal is connected to a 50 ohm ground resistor, allowing the signal to be directly received by the ground, thereby increasing isolation between each output branch. Conversely, when transistor Q1 is off, the base of transistor Q2 is at a high level, and Q2 is off. At this time, the collector A of transistor Q2 is at a high level, turning on diode VD1 on the output branch. The RFC port is connected to the RFout port, connecting the second input port to the output port corresponding to the output branch, transmitting the microwave signal received by the second input port.

[0041] Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative and that the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, and such changes and modifications shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microwave switch, comprising a housing, the housing having a first input port, a second input port and at least two output ports, wherein the first input port is connected to a control signal path, and the second input port is connected to the output port via a microwave signal path, characterized in that: The shell has a metal shielding plate inside, and the front and rear surfaces of the metal shielding plate respectively have a first cavity and a second cavity, the control signal path is arranged in the first cavity, and the microwave signal path is arranged in the second cavity, the control signal path is electrically connected to the microwave signal path via a through hole on the metal shielding plate, the metal shielding plate forms a shielding partition between the output ports, and an anti-interference resistor is connected in series between the control signal path and the microwave signal path.

2. The microwave switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave signal path is arranged on a substrate in the second chamber, and the depth of the substrate in the second chamber is 4-5 mm.

3. The microwave switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The microwave signal path includes a microwave signal transmission line and a controller, the microwave signal transmission line has an output branch corresponding to each of the output ports, the output branch input end is connected to the second input port, the output branch output end is connected to the corresponding output port, the controller input end is connected to the control signal path through the anti-interference resistor, and the controller output end is connected to the output branch.

4. The microwave switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The controller includes a first transistor and a second transistor, the base of the first transistor is connected to the anti-interference resistor, the emitter of the first transistor is grounded, the collector of the first transistor is connected to the base of the second transistor, the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the power supply, and the collector of the second transistor is connected to the output branch.

5. The microwave switch according to claim 4, characterized in that: A diode is provided on the output branch, the second input port and the collector of the second transistor are connected to the input end of the diode, and the grounding circuit and the output port are connected to the output end of the diode.

6. The microwave switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The grounding circuit has a 50 ohm grounding resistor.

7. The microwave switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: A third chamber is arranged outside the grounding resistor and located on the front surface of the metal shielding plate.

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