High-voltage distribution box, battery pack and electric automobile

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of high-voltage distribution box, in particular to a high-voltage distribution box, a battery pack and an electric automobile, the high-voltage distribution box comprises a box body, a box cover and an electrical element, the box cover and the electrical element are arranged on the upper portion of the box body, the box body comprises a box body side portion and a box body bottom, and the box body side portion comprises a first side plate and a second side plate which are oppositely arranged; the first side plate is provided with a discharging positive and negative connector used for being connected with an electric drive system of the electric vehicle, a fast charging positive and negative connector and a whole vehicle communication connector used for being connected with a communication interface of the electric vehicle. The second side plate is provided with a total positive and total negative plug-in used for connecting the total positive and total negative of the battery pack, a heating plug-in used for connecting a heating interface of the battery pack, a battery pack communication plug-in used for connecting a communication interface of the battery pack, and a maintenance switch; the high-voltage distribution box provided by the utility model has excellent safety performance through reasonable layout design while ensuring high integration level and multi-functional operation integrity of the whole vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of high-voltage distribution boxes, in particular to a high-voltage distribution box, a battery pack and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The new energy vehicle system has an important component: the high-voltage distribution box. It integrates the high-voltage electrical components necessary for integrated circuit control and the battery management module that receives and processes current signals. The main components include relays, fuses, BMS master control, pre-charge resistors and other components. It is the vital "brain" in the power battery system.

[0003] Since low-integration high-voltage distribution boxes not only require a large space for configuration, but also have the defect of being difficult to adapt to different models, existing high-voltage distribution boxes are increasingly focusing on integrated design to reduce space occupancy in the car and be able to quickly adapt to the needs of different models.

[0004] For example, the invention patent with announcement number CN106207899A discloses a high-voltage distribution box, which includes a box body and a box cover. The box cover is installed on the box body, and a sealing gasket is installed at the connection between the box body and the box cover. The box body is provided with a compressor interface, a PTC interface, a DC charging interface, a control signal interface, a DC / DC interface, a motor controller interface, and a battery pack interface. The box body is divided into two layers, the lower layer of the box body is provided with a main contactor, a pre-charging contactor, a negative bus, a PTC contactor and a DC charging contactor, and the upper layer of the box body is provided with a main fuse, a voltage collection copper bus, a cover opening detection switch, an AC charging fuse, a compressor fuse, a DC / DC fuse, a PTC fuse and an insulating mounting plate.

[0005] The above-mentioned high-voltage distribution box effectively reduces the size of the device, thereby reducing space occupancy, and increases the adaptability of the high-voltage distribution box through integrated design. However, the ports of the above-mentioned device are too concentrated, there is a risk of insufficient electrical isolation, and it cannot fully meet the safety requirements. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the first aspect of the utility model is to provide a high-voltage distribution box, which has excellent safety performance through reasonable layout design while ensuring high integration and multi-functional operation integrity of the whole vehicle.

[0007] A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a battery pack.

[0008] A third aspect of the present utility model aims to provide an electric vehicle.

[0009] According to the purpose of the first aspect of the utility model, there is provided a high-voltage distribution box, comprising a box body, a box cover arranged on the upper part of the box body and electrical components, the box body comprising a box body side and a box body bottom arranged opposite to the box cover, the box body side surrounds the box body bottom to form an accommodating area for accommodating the electrical components, characterized in that the box body side comprises a first side panel and a second side panel arranged opposite to each other; the first side panel is provided with a discharge positive and negative connector for connecting the electric drive system of an electric vehicle, a fast charging positive and negative connector and a vehicle communication connector for connecting the communication interface of the electric vehicle, the second side panel is provided with a total positive and negative connector for connecting the total positive and negative of the battery pack, a heating connector for connecting the heating interface of the battery pack, a battery pack communication connector for connecting the communication interface of the battery pack and a maintenance switch.

[0010] Furthermore, the high-voltage distribution box provided by the utility model may also have the following characteristics: the discharge positive and negative connectors include a first discharge positive and negative for connecting to the left travel motor of the electric vehicle, a second discharge positive and negative for connecting to the right travel motor of the electric vehicle, a third discharge positive and negative for connecting to the PTO motor of the electric vehicle, and a fourth discharge positive and negative for connecting to the hydraulic pump motor, DC / DC converter or vehicle slow charging interface of the electric vehicle.

[0011] Furthermore, the high-voltage distribution box provided by the utility model may also have the following feature: the whole vehicle communication plug-in includes a 12-core whole vehicle communication plug-in and / or an 8-core whole vehicle communication plug-in.

[0012] Furthermore, the high-voltage distribution box provided by the utility model may also have the following characteristics: the discharge positive and negative connectors include a discharge negative connector and a discharge positive connector, and the discharge negative connector and the discharge positive connector are respectively arranged at different heights of the first side plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the high-voltage distribution box provided by the utility model may also have the following characteristics: the electrical components include a main negative relay, a main positive relay and a bus for electrical connection, the bus includes a first bus and a second bus; the discharge positive connector is connected to the main positive relay through the first bus, and the discharge negative connector is connected to the main negative relay through the second bus.

[0014] Furthermore, the high-voltage distribution box provided by the utility model may also have the following characteristics: the electrical components include a fast-charging positive relay and a fast-charging negative relay, the fast-charging positive and negative plug-ins include a fast-charging positive connector and a fast-charging negative connector, and the bus also includes a third bus and a fourth bus; the fast-charging positive connector is connected to the fast-charging positive relay through the third bus, and the fast-charging negative connector is connected to the fast-charging negative relay through the fourth bus.

[0015] Furthermore, the high-voltage distribution box provided by the utility model may also have the following feature: an insulating electrical installation plate is provided at the bottom of the box body to install the electrical components.

[0016] Furthermore, the high-voltage distribution box provided by the utility model may also have the following characteristics: the main positive relay and the fast-charging positive relay are connected via a long cantilever bus, a connecting portion is provided at the lower portion of the long cantilever bus, and the long cantilever bus is connected to the electrical installation board via the connecting portion.

[0017] According to the purpose of the second aspect of the utility model, a battery pack is provided, comprising a battery group and a high-voltage distribution box as described above, wherein the high-voltage distribution box is electrically connected to the battery group.

[0018] According to the purpose of the third aspect of the utility model, there is provided an electric vehicle, comprising the battery pack as described above.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0020] 1. The high-voltage distribution box provided in this application highly integrates modules such as high-voltage power consumption units, battery pack connection units, communication units, control and protection units, ensuring the integrity of the multifunctional operation of the whole vehicle. On this basis, this application sets the ports connected to the various systems of the electric vehicle on the first side panel and the ports connected to the battery pack on the second side panel. This classification setting method can effectively reduce electrical risks, avoid short-circuit accidents caused by accidental contact and electromagnetic interference between the high-voltage system and the low-voltage system. In addition, the heating plug-in can help the battery maintain the optimal operating temperature range, and the maintenance switch can physically disconnect the high-voltage circuit when a short circuit occurs, further ensuring the safety of the high-voltage distribution box.

[0021] 2. In the present application, by arranging the negative discharge connector and the positive discharge connector at different heights of the first side plate, the electrical gap between the positive and negative electrodes is increased, thereby further avoiding the occurrence of short circuit accidents and improving the safety of the battery system operation.

[0022] 3. In the present application, since the main positive relay and the fast charging positive relay are connected through a long cantilever bus, in order to avoid the risk of the long cantilever bus shaking and affecting the smooth flow of current or even causing a short circuit, a connection portion connected to the electrical mounting plate is provided at the bottom of the long cantilever bus, thereby improving the stability and safety of the operation of electrical components in the high-voltage distribution box. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and are used together with the description to explain the principles of the utility model. In these drawings, similar reference numerals are used to represent similar elements. The drawings described below are some embodiments of the utility model, rather than all embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a top view of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a front view of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a rear view of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electrical component of the utility model.

[0029] In the figure:

[0030] 1. Box; 11. First side panel; 12. Second side panel; 13. Electrical installation board; 21. Discharge positive connector; 211. First discharge positive; 212. Second discharge positive; 213. Third discharge positive; 214. Fourth discharge positive; 22. Discharge negative connector; 221. First discharge negative; 222. Second discharge negative; 223. Third discharge negative; 224. Fourth discharge negative; 31. Fast charge positive connector; 32. Fast charge negative connector; 41. 12-core vehicle communication connector; 42. 8-core vehicle communication connector; 5. Total positive and total negative connector Components; 6. Heating plug-in; 7. Battery pack communication plug-in; 8. Maintenance switch; 9. Electrical components; 901. Main positive relay; 902. Main negative relay; 903. Fast charge positive relay; 904. Fast charge negative relay; 905. First fuse; 906. Second fuse; 907. Heating relay; 908. Pre-charge relay; 909. Pre-charge resistor; 911. First bus; 912. Second bus; 913. Third bus; 914. Fourth bus; 915. Long cantilever bus; 916. Connecting part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0032] The utility model provides a high voltage distribution box, the specific structure of which is as follows:

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a high-voltage distribution box includes a box body 1, a box cover (not shown in the figure) arranged on the upper part of the box body 1, and an electrical component 9. The box body 1 includes a side of the box body 1 and a bottom of the box body 1 arranged opposite to the box cover. The side of the box body 1 surrounds the bottom of the box body 1 to form an accommodating area for accommodating the electrical component 9. Preferably, an insulating electrical installation board 13 is provided at the bottom of the box body 1 for installing the electrical component 9 and ensuring its normal operation.

[0034] In order to meet the high integration requirements of the high-voltage distribution box and ensure its safety, the side of the box body 1 includes a first side plate 11 and a second side plate 12 arranged opposite to each other. Figure 3 As shown, the first side plate 11 is provided with discharge positive and negative connectors for connecting the electric drive system of the electric vehicle, fast charging positive and negative connectors, and a vehicle communication connector for connecting the communication interface of the electric vehicle, such as Figure 4 As shown, the second side panel 12 is provided with a total positive and total negative plug-in 5 for connecting the total positive and total negative of the battery pack, a heating plug-in 6 for connecting the heating interface of the battery pack, a battery pack communication plug-in 7 for connecting the communication interface of the battery pack, and a maintenance switch 8. This classification setting of the ports for connecting the various systems of the electric vehicle and the ports for connecting the battery pack can effectively avoid electromagnetic interference between the high-voltage system and the low-voltage system, maintain the necessary electrical isolation, and ensure the safety of the high-voltage distribution box while the modules are highly integrated. In addition, the heating plug-in 6 can help the battery maintain the optimal operating temperature range, and the maintenance switch 8 can physically disconnect the high-voltage circuit when a short circuit occurs, further improving the safety of the high-voltage distribution box.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, in order to support the electric drive and drive auxiliary equipment required for the daily operation of the vehicle, the discharge positive and negative connectors include a first discharge positive 211 negative for connecting to the left travel motor of the electric vehicle, a second discharge positive 212 negative for connecting to the right travel motor of the electric vehicle, a third discharge positive 213 negative for connecting to the PTO motor of the electric vehicle, and a fourth discharge positive 214 negative for connecting to the hydraulic pump motor, DC / DC converter or vehicle slow charging interface of the electric vehicle.

[0036] The first discharge positive 211 negative includes the first discharge positive 211 and the first discharge negative 221, the second discharge positive 212 negative includes the second discharge positive 212 and the second discharge negative 222, the third discharge positive 213 negative includes the third discharge positive 213 and the third discharge negative 223, and the fourth discharge positive 214 negative includes the fourth discharge positive 214 and the fourth discharge negative 224. The first discharge positive 211, the second discharge positive 212, the third discharge positive 213, and the fourth discharge positive 214 form the discharge positive connector 21, and the first discharge negative 221, the second discharge negative 222, the third discharge negative 223, and the fourth discharge negative 224 form the discharge negative connector 22. In order to avoid the risk of short circuit caused by concentrated heat and vibration during high-power operation, the discharge negative connector 22 and the discharge positive connector 21 are respectively arranged at different heights of the first side plate 11, which can increase the electrical gap between the positive and negative electrodes, avoid the danger caused by short circuit, and further ensure the safety of the battery system operation.

[0037] According to the communication requirements of the vehicle's electrical system, the vehicle communication plug-in includes a 12-core vehicle communication plug-in 41 and / or an 8-core vehicle communication plug-in 42. In this embodiment, the vehicle communication plug-in preferably includes a 12-core vehicle communication plug-in 41 and an 8-core vehicle communication plug-in 42, which are respectively arranged at different heights of the first side plate 11, and can support different communication speeds and functions.

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the electrical component 9 includes a main negative relay 902, a main positive relay 901, a fast charge positive relay 903, a fast charge negative relay 904, a first fuse 905, a second fuse 906, a heating relay 907, a pre-charge relay 908, a pre-charge resistor 909, a current sensor and a bus for electrical connection, and the bus includes a first bus 911, a second bus 912, a third bus 913 and a fourth bus 914. To ensure the efficiency and safety of the current path, the discharge positive connector 21 is connected to the main positive relay 901 through the first bus 911, and the discharge negative connector 22 is connected to the main negative relay 902 through the second bus 912, which is used to control the circuit between the battery pack and the load. Among them, a part of the maintenance switch 8 is located in the accommodation area and the other part is located on the second side plate 12. The part of the maintenance switch 8 located in the accommodation area is arranged between the main positive relay 901 and the main negative relay 902, which is used to disconnect the high-voltage circuit during maintenance or short circuit. The fast-charge positive and negative plug-ins include a fast-charge positive connector 31 and a fast-charge negative connector 32. The fast-charge positive connector 31 is connected to the fast-charge positive relay 903 through the third bus 913, and the fast-charge negative connector 32 is connected to the fast-charge negative relay 904 through the fourth bus 914, which is used to control the circuit on and off during the fast-charge process. In addition, the pre-charge relay 908 pre-charges the capacitive load through the pre-charge resistor 909 to reduce the current shock. The current sensor is used to monitor the magnitude of the current passing through to ensure safety and diagnose potential faults. The heating relay 907 is used to control the connection between the heating plug-in 6 and the heating system of the battery pack. The first fuse 905 is connected between the third discharge positive 213 and the fourth discharge positive 214 to avoid a short circuit between the two discharge positives serving different high-voltage electrical equipment. The second fuse 906 is connected between the heating plug-in 6 and the heating relay 907 through a wiring harness (not shown in the figure). When the heating system fails and the current increases abnormally, the second fuse 906 is disconnected to protect the circuit.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, the main positive relay 901 and the fast charging positive relay 903 are connected via a long cantilever bus 915. To avoid the risk of the long cantilever bus shaking and affecting the smooth flow of current or even causing a short circuit, a connecting portion 916 is provided at the bottom of the long cantilever bus 915. The long cantilever bus 915 is connected to the electrical installation board 13 via the connecting portion 916, which can improve the stability and safety of the operation of the electrical component 9.

[0040] The utility model also protects a battery pack, comprising a battery group and the high-voltage distribution box as described above, wherein the high-voltage distribution box is electrically connected to the battery group.

[0041] The utility model also protects an electric vehicle, comprising the battery pack as described above.

[0042] The contents described above can be implemented individually or in combination in various ways, and these variations are all within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0043] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the elements.

[0044] In the description of the invention, it is also necessary to explain that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the invention. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise specified, "several" means two or more.

[0045] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred implementation methods, and the specific embodiments of the present invention cannot be considered to be limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-voltage distribution box, comprising a box body (1), a box cover arranged on the upper part of the box body (1), and an electrical component (9), the box body (1) comprising a box body (1) side portion and a box body (1) bottom portion arranged opposite to the box cover, the box body (1) side portion surrounds the box body (1) bottom portion to form a receiving area for receiving the electrical component (9), characterized in that: The side of the box body (1) comprises a first side plate (11) and a second side plate (12) arranged opposite to each other; the first side plate (11) is provided with a discharge positive and negative connector for connecting to an electric drive system of an electric vehicle, a fast charge positive and negative connector, and a vehicle communication connector for connecting to a communication interface of the electric vehicle, and the second side plate (12) is provided with a total positive and total negative connector (5) for connecting to a total positive and total negative of a battery pack, a heating connector (6) for connecting to a heating interface of a battery pack, a battery pack communication connector (7) for connecting to a communication interface of a battery pack, and a maintenance switch (8).

2. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge positive and negative connectors include a first discharge positive and negative for connecting to the left travel motor of the electric vehicle, a second discharge positive and negative for connecting to the right travel motor of the electric vehicle, a third discharge positive and negative for connecting to the PTO motor of the electric vehicle, and a fourth discharge positive and negative for connecting to the hydraulic pump motor, DC / DC converter or vehicle slow charging interface of the electric vehicle.

3. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The whole vehicle communication plug-in comprises a 12-core whole vehicle communication plug-in (41) and / or an 8-core whole vehicle communication plug-in (42).

4. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge positive and negative connectors comprise a discharge negative connector (22) and a discharge positive connector (21), and the discharge negative connector (22) and the discharge positive connector (21) are respectively arranged at different heights of the first side plate (11).

5. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electrical element (9) comprises a main negative relay (902), a main positive relay (901) and a busbar for electrical connection, wherein the busbar comprises a first busbar (911) and a second busbar (912); the discharge positive connector (21) is connected to the main positive relay (901) via the first busbar (911), and the discharge negative connector (22) is connected to the main negative relay (902) via the second busbar (912).

6. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electrical element (9) comprises a fast-charging positive relay (903) and a fast-charging negative relay (904); the fast-charging positive and negative plug-ins comprise a fast-charging positive connector and a fast-charging negative connector; the bus also comprises a third bus (913) and a fourth bus (914); the fast-charging positive connector is connected to the fast-charging positive relay (903) via the third bus (913), and the fast-charging negative connector is connected to the fast-charging negative relay (904) via the fourth bus (914).

7. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 6, characterized in that: An insulating electrical installation board (13) is provided at the bottom of the box body (1) for installing the electrical component (9).

8. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 7, characterized in that: The main positive relay (901) and the fast-charging positive relay (903) are connected via a long cantilever busbar (915), a connecting portion (916) is provided at the bottom of the long cantilever busbar (915), and the long cantilever busbar (915) is connected to the electrical installation board (13) via the connecting portion (916).

9. A battery pack, comprising a battery pack, characterized in that: It also includes a high-voltage distribution box as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the high-voltage distribution box is electrically connected to the battery pack.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising the battery pack as claimed in claim 9.

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