Microwave radar module and system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a microwave radar module and system, in the radar module, one of two patch antennas is used as a medium for transmitting signals, the other one is used as a medium for receiving signals, and the polarization efficiency between transmitting and receiving is improved by using a form of a same-direction linear polarization transmitting and receiving antenna, so that the detection distance of a radar is improved. Meanwhile, a four-layer PCB structure is formed by the first semi-solidified plate, the second semi-solidified plate, the two patch antennas and the metal plate between the two semi-solidified plates and the core plate, and the first feed microstrip line and the second feed microstrip line are connected with the first patch antenna and the second patch antenna through a first ground through hole and a second ground through hole respectively. And the first feed port and the second feed port are respectively connected with a TX port and an RX port of the radar radio frequency chip, so that the same-direction linear polarization transceiving antenna radar module with a compact structure is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of microwave radars, and more specifically, to a microwave radar module and system. Background Art

[0002] Microwave radar is a device that uses electromagnetic waves in the microwave frequency band for detection and ranging. It is widely used in many fields such as military, aviation, navigation, meteorological observation and traffic monitoring. Microwave radar transmits electromagnetic wave signals and receives signals reflected from target objects. By analyzing these echo signals, the distance, speed and other characteristics of the target are determined. The performance of microwave radar depends largely on the polarization state of the electromagnetic waves it transmits and the receiver's ability to identify the polarization state. Polarization is an important property of electromagnetic waves, which describes the spatial orientation of the electric field vector in the electromagnetic wave as it changes with time. Polarization efficiency is the ratio of the power received by the antenna from a given arbitrary polarization plane wave to the power received by the same antenna from a plane wave with the same power density and propagation direction. Although existing microwave radar systems perform well in many applications, they still face challenges in scenarios requiring long-distance and high-precision detection. This is mainly because factors such as signal attenuation, environmental interference and polarization mismatch become more significant as the transmission distance increases. Therefore, improving the polarization efficiency between the transmission and reception of microwave radar is of great significance to enhancing the detection distance of microwave radar.

[0003] The design method of traditional microwave radar involves many aspects, including key technologies such as antenna design, signal generation and reception, signal processing, and system composition. In order to improve the detection distance, the common practices of traditional microwave radar are as follows: From the antenna design aspect: Improving the gain and directivity of the antenna can enhance the radar's ability to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves, thereby improving the detection accuracy; From the signal generation and reception aspect: Improving the transmission power, that is, increasing the power of the transmitted signal can directly increase the energy of the radar's electromagnetic waves, so that the target can still be detected at a longer distance; From the signal processing aspect: Using advanced digital signal processing algorithms, such as pulse path coding compression, can obtain higher detection accuracy and longer detection distance; It is also possible to achieve local enhancement in the deep subwavelength range through the combination of micro-nano quantum sensing and electromagnetic fields, thereby improving the detection capability and positioning accuracy of microwave signals; From the system composition aspect: Reduce system noise and ensure that the dynamic range of the system is large enough to process various signals from strong reflections at close range to weak reflections at long distances.

[0004] The above-mentioned traditional microwave radar design method has certain advantages in improving the detection distance of microwave radar, but there will be the following problems: First, the cost of radar increases. In order to increase the detection distance, higher transmission power and more sensitive receiving system are usually required, which may lead to a significant increase in cost, and high-power components and advanced signal processing systems are usually expensive. Secondly, the complexity of technology. The use of pulse compression technology, microwave photonic technology and advanced digital signal processing algorithms to improve the detection distance will increase the technical complexity of the system and require professional knowledge and maintenance. Although microwave radar has a certain anti-interference ability, in complex electromagnetic environments, especially in high-density radio frequency use areas, interference is still a problem that is difficult to completely avoid. Next is the design of the antenna. For 1T1R microwave radar, in order to achieve miniaturization and compact structure, a patch antenna that shares transmission and reception is usually adopted. In the design of transmission and reception sharing, the transmission signal may be directly coupled to the receiving end, causing interference to the receiving signal. This interference will reduce the performance of the radar system, especially in applications that require high sensitivity and high selectivity, and the gain of the traditional patch antenna is also difficult to be well improved. Since the radar system has certain requirements for the isolation of the transmitting and receiving signal ends, in order to improve the isolation between microwave radar ports, orthogonal polarization is usually used. Although this method can improve port isolation, it will lead to lower polarization efficiency of the transmit and receive shared patch antenna. As the transmission distance increases, problems such as signal attenuation, environmental interference, and polarization mismatch will also reduce the detection distance of microwave radar. Utility Model Content

[0005] One of the purposes of the utility model is to provide a microwave radar module to solve the problem of low polarization efficiency between transmission and reception in the design of traditional microwave radar in the prior art; the second purpose of the utility model is to provide a microwave radar system.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0007] The first aspect of the utility model provides a microwave radar module, including a first patch antenna, a second patch antenna, a first prepreg board, a core board, a first metal plate, a second prepreg board, a second metal plate, a first ground through hole, a second ground through hole, a first feeding microstrip line, a second feeding microstrip line, a first feeding port, a second feeding port, a radar chip and an attached radio frequency circuit, wherein:

[0008] From bottom to top, the second metal plate, the second prepreg plate, the first metal plate, the core plate and the first prepreg plate are arranged respectively;

[0009] The first ground through hole passes through the first patch antenna, the first metal plate, the first prepreg board, the core board, the second prepreg board and the second metal plate; the second ground through hole passes through the first metal plate of the second patch antenna, the first prepreg board, the core board, the second prepreg board and the second metal plate;

[0010] The first feeding microstrip line and the second feeding microstrip line are both arranged on the second metal plate; the first feeding port is arranged at the initial end of the first feeding microstrip line, and the other end of the first feeding microstrip line is connected to the first ground through hole; the second feeding port is arranged at the initial end of the second feeding microstrip line, and the other end of the second feeding microstrip line is connected to the second ground through hole; the first feeding port and the second feeding port are respectively connected to the TX port and the RX port of the radar RF chip.

[0011] In the above technical means, two patch antennas are used, one as a medium for transmitting signals and the other as a medium for receiving signals, and the polarization efficiency between the transmitter and the receiver is improved by using the same-direction linear polarization transmitting and receiving antennas, thereby improving the detection distance of the radar. This solves the problem of low polarization efficiency between the transmitter and the receiver in the design of traditional microwave radars in the prior art.

[0012] Furthermore, the shape of the microwave radar module is rectangular or square.

[0013] Furthermore, the first patch antenna and the second patch antenna are complementary and printed diagonally above the first prepreg board, and the radar chip and the attached radio frequency circuit module are placed on the second metal plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the first patch antenna and the second patch antenna are a pair of co-directional linear polarization antennas.

[0015] Furthermore, the first patch antenna and the second patch antenna have the same structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the structures of the first patch antenna and the second patch antenna are L-shaped.

[0017] Furthermore, the structures of the first patch antenna and the second patch antenna are semicircular.

[0018] Furthermore, the structures of the first patch antenna and the second patch antenna are of a stepped type.

[0019] Furthermore, the structures of the first patch antenna and the second patch antenna are triangular.

[0020] A second aspect of the utility model provides a microwave radar system, comprising the microwave radar module.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of the utility model are:

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the utility model uses a co-directional linear polarized transceiver antenna, the shape of which can make full use of the specific shape of the patch between the radar module structure, while ensuring the compactness of the radar module and the radar performance, the polarization efficiency is improved, thereby increasing the detection distance of the microwave radar, while reducing the use of complex technology and cost of traditional microwave radar to increase the detection distance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a microwave radar module provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the side structure of a microwave radar module provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an L-shaped patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of simulated reflection coefficient data of an L-shaped patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of simulated port isolation data of an L-shaped patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the simulated gain of the L-shaped patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a semicircular patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of simulated reflection coefficient data of a semicircular patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of simulated port isolation data of a semicircular patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the simulated gain of the semicircular patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a stepped patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Fig.12A schematic diagram of simulated reflection coefficient data of a stepped patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0035] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of simulated port isolation data of a stepped patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of simulated gain of a stepped patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0037] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the structure of a triangular patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0038] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of simulated reflection coefficient data of a triangular patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0039] Fig.17 A schematic diagram of simulated port isolation data of a triangular patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0040] Fig.18 A schematic diagram of the simulated gain of the triangular patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0041] In the figure, 1 is the first patch antenna, 2 is the second patch antenna, 3 is the first semi-cured board, 4 is the core board, 5 is the second semi-cured board, 6 is the first ground through hole, 7 is the second ground through hole, 8 is the first feeding microstrip line, 9 is the second feeding microstrip line, 10 is the first feeding port, 11 is the second feeding port, 12 is the first metal plate, and 13 is the second metal plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present patent;

[0043] In order to better illustrate the present embodiment, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product;

[0044] It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0045] The technical solution of the utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] Example

[0047] This embodiment provides a microwave radar module, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it includes a first patch antenna 1, a second patch antenna 2, a first prepreg board 3, a core board 4, a second prepreg board 5, a first ground through hole 6, a second ground through hole 7, a first feeding microstrip line 8, a second feeding microstrip line 9, a first feeding port 10, a second feeding port 11, a first metal plate 12 and a second metal plate 13, wherein:

[0048] From bottom to top, the second metal plate 13, the second prepreg plate 5, the first metal plate 12, the core plate 4 and the first prepreg plate 3 are arranged respectively;

[0049] The shape of the microwave radar module is rectangular or square;

[0050] The first patch antenna 1 and the second patch antenna 2 are complementary and diagonally printed on the upper surface of the first prepreg board 3, and the radar chip and the attached radio frequency circuit module are placed on the second metal plate 13, so as to realize a compact microwave radar module;

[0051] The first ground through hole 6 passes through the first patch antenna 1, the first metal plate 12, the first prepreg board 3, the core board 4, the second prepreg board 4 and the second metal plate 13; the second ground through hole 7 passes through the second patch antenna 2, the first metal plate 12, the first prepreg board 3, the core board 4, the second prepreg board 4 and the second metal plate 13;

[0052] The first feeding microstrip line 8 and the second feeding microstrip line 9 are both arranged on the second metal plate 13;

[0053] The first feeding port 10 and the second feeding port 11 are respectively arranged at the initial ends of the first feeding microstrip line 8 and the second feeding microstrip line 9;

[0054] In this embodiment, the first prepreg board 3, the second prepreg board 5, the metal plates between the two prepreg boards 3, 5 and the core board 4, and the patch antennas 1, 2 constitute a 4-layer PCB structure, the first feed microstrip line 8 and the second feed microstrip line 9 are respectively connected to the first patch antenna 1 and the second patch antenna 2 through the first ground through hole 6 and the second ground through hole 7, the first feed port 10 and the second feed port 11 are respectively connected to the TX and RX ports of the radar RF chip, to realize a compact co-directional linear polarization transceiver antenna radar module.

[0055] In a further embodiment, the first patch antenna 1 and the second patch antenna 2 have the same structure.

[0056] In this embodiment, the first patch antenna 1 and the second patch antenna 2 have the same structure, which can simplify the design and manufacturing process, reduce costs, and achieve a compact structure of the microwave radar module. At the same time, patches of the same structure usually mean similar radiation characteristics and impedance matching, which simplifies debugging and maintenance. In addition, in certain environments, especially when affected by external interference or environmental changes, patches of the same structure can exhibit stronger robustness.

[0057] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the conventional 5.8 GHz radar system requires the transceiver antenna to operate between 5.725 GHz and 5.875 GHz, and the isolation between the transceiver ports should be greater than 24 dB.

[0058] In a further embodiment, the structures of the first patch antenna 1 and the second patch antenna 2 are L-shaped, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, the operating frequency band of the microwave radar composed of the L-shaped patch antenna is 5.69 GHz-5.91 GHz, and can be used in a 5.8 GHz radar system.

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown, the port isolation of the microwave radar composed of the L-shaped patch antenna in the working frequency band is better than 31.05dB, and can be used in the 5.8GHz radar system.

[0061] like Figure 6 As shown, the gain of the microwave radar composed of the L-shaped patch antenna is better than 4.17dB in the working frequency band.

[0062] In a further embodiment, the structures of the first patch antenna 1 and the second patch antenna 2 are semicircular, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0063] like Figure 8 The microwave radar composed of the semicircular patch antenna shown has an operating frequency band ranging from 5.68 GHz to 5.91 GHz and can be used in a 5.8 GHz radar system.

[0064] like Fig. 9 The microwave radar composed of the semicircular patch antenna shown has a port isolation better than 24.58 dB in the working frequency band and can be used in a 5.8 GHz radar system.

[0065] like Fig.10 As shown, the gain of the microwave radar composed of the semicircular patch antenna is better than 4.43dB in the working frequency band.

[0066] In a further embodiment, the structures of the first patch antenna 1 and the second patch antenna 2 are ladder-type, such as Fig.11 shown.

[0067] like Fig.12 The microwave radar formed by the stepped patch antenna shown has an operating frequency band ranging from 5.68 GHz to 5.92 GHz and can be used in a 5.8 GHz radar system.

[0068] like Fig.13 The microwave radar composed of the stepped patch antenna shown has a port isolation better than 28.19 dB within the working frequency band and can be used in a 5.8 GHz radar system.

[0069] like Fig.14 As shown, the gain of the microwave radar composed of the stepped patch antenna is better than 4.26dB in the working frequency band.

[0070] In a further embodiment, the structures of the first patch antenna 1 and the second patch antenna 2 are triangular, such as Fig.15 shown.

[0071] like Fig.16 The microwave radar formed by the triangular patch antenna shown has an operating frequency band ranging from 5.70 GHz to 5.90 GHz and can be used in a 5.8 GHz radar system.

[0072] like Fig.17 The microwave radar composed of the triangular patch antenna shown has a port isolation better than 24.52dB within the working frequency band and can be used in a 5.8GHz radar system.

[0073] like Fig.18 As shown, the gain of the microwave radar composed of the triangular patch antenna is better than 4.22dB in the working frequency band.

[0074] An embodiment of the utility model further provides a microwave radar system, comprising the microwave radar module.

[0075] The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components;

[0076] The terms used in the drawings to describe positional relationships are only used for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent;

[0077] Obviously, the above embodiments of the utility model are only examples for clearly explaining the utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A microwave radar module, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first patch antenna (1), a second patch antenna (2), a first prepreg board (3), a core board (4), a first metal plate (12), a second prepreg board (5), a second metal plate (13), a first ground through hole (6), a second ground through hole (7), a first feeding microstrip line (8), a second feeding microstrip line (9), a first feeding port (10), a second feeding port (11), a radar radio frequency chip and an auxiliary radio frequency circuit, wherein: from bottom to top, the second metal plate (13), the second prepreg board (5), the first metal plate (12), the core board (4) and the first prepreg board (3) are arranged respectively; The first ground through hole (6) passes through the first patch antenna (1), the first metal plate (12), the first prepreg board (3), the core board (4), the second prepreg board (5) and the second metal plate (13); the second ground through hole (7) passes through the first metal plate (12), the first prepreg board (3), the core board (4), the second prepreg board (5) and the second metal plate (13) of the second patch antenna (2); The first feeding microstrip line (8) and the second feeding microstrip line (9) are both arranged on the second metal plate (13); the first feeding port (10) is arranged at the initial end of the first feeding microstrip line (8), and the other end of the first feeding microstrip line (8) is connected to the first ground through hole (6); the second feeding port (11) is arranged at the initial end of the second feeding microstrip line (9), and the other end of the second feeding microstrip line (9) is connected to the second ground through hole (7); the first feeding port (10) and the second feeding port (11) are respectively connected to the TX port and the RX port of the radar radio frequency chip.

2. The microwave radar module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the microwave radar module is rectangular or square.

3. The microwave radar module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first patch antenna (1) and the second patch antenna (2) are printed complementarily and diagonally above the first semi-cured board (3), and the radar chip and the attached radio frequency circuit module are placed on the second metal plate (13).

4. The microwave radar module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first patch antenna (1) and the second patch antenna (2) are a pair of co-directional linear polarization antennas.

5. The microwave radar module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first patch antenna (1) and the second patch antenna (2) have the same structure.

6. The microwave radar module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The structures of the first patch antenna (1) and the second patch antenna (2) are L-shaped.

7. The microwave radar module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The structures of the first patch antenna (1) and the second patch antenna (2) are semicircular.

8. The microwave radar module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The structures of the first patch antenna (1) and the second patch antenna (2) are ladder-type.

9. The microwave radar module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The structures of the first patch antenna (1) and the second patch antenna (2) are triangular.

10. A microwave radar system, characterized in that: A microwave radar module comprising any one of claims 1 to 9.

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