Battery box body, power battery pack and electric equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery box body, a power battery pack and electric equipment. The battery box comprises a frame and a battery cell bearing structure, the battery cell bearing structure is arranged at the bottom of the battery box, the battery cell bearing structure is used for bearing a battery cell assembly, a battery cell of the battery cell assembly is provided with a first anti-explosion valve, and the first anti-explosion valve is arranged on the side, facing the battery cell bearing structure, of the battery cell; wherein the battery cell bearing structure is provided with a fire-retardant structure, the fire-retardant structure is arranged in an area for bearing the battery cell assembly in the battery cell bearing structure, and the fire-retardant structure is used for preventing flame ejected from the first anti-explosion valve from spreading out of the battery box body. According to the scheme provided by the invention, the fire-retardant structure can limit the spreading of high-temperature flames in the battery box body, the high-temperature flames are only sprayed out of the battery box body in a smoke form, only smoke is generated outside the power battery pack, and fire is not generated, so that the safety of the power battery pack can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of new energy technology, and in particular to battery boxes, power battery packs and electrical equipment. Background Art

[0002] Aviation power battery packs usually consist of multiple cells arranged in a fixed and regular manner, and then protected by an aluminum profile box as an overall frame. Most of the cells are square or cylindrical. The box must have two functions: one is to effectively protect the cells and other electrical components inside the battery pack and to achieve thermal containment of the battery pack, especially to ensure the integrity of the main structure of the battery pack as much as possible in response to high-altitude falls, and even if thermal runaway occurs inside the battery pack, the flame will not spread outside the battery pack and pose a threat to the personal safety of passengers.

[0003] In the related art, the battery box of the aviation power battery pack is usually designed with an explosion-proof valve for thermal runaway. The explosion-proof valve can prevent heat spread after the battery thermal runaway, but the flame will still leak out of the battery pack through the explosion-proof valve, posing a certain threat to the personal safety of passengers. In addition, the battery box in the related art is usually designed with a separate anti-crash structure or more protection for the battery on the whole machine for high-altitude crash protection, but it will increase the weight of the whole machine, which violates the principle of lightweight design of aircraft. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve or partially solve the problems existing in the related art, the present application provides a battery case, a power battery pack and an electrical device. The fire barrier structure of the battery case can limit the spread of high-temperature flames in the battery case. The high-temperature flames are only ejected out of the battery case in the form of smoke. Only smoke but no fire occurs outside the battery pack, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0005] The first aspect of the present application provides a battery box, comprising:

[0006] A frame and a battery cell bearing structure, wherein the battery cell bearing structure is disposed at the bottom of the battery case, and the battery cell bearing structure is used to bear a battery cell assembly, wherein the battery cell of the battery cell assembly is provided with a first explosion-proof valve, and the first explosion-proof valve is disposed on the battery cell on a side facing the battery cell bearing structure;

[0007] Among them, the battery cell supporting structure is provided with a fire-blocking structure, and the fire-blocking structure is arranged in the battery cell supporting structure in the area supporting the battery cell assembly, and the fire-blocking structure is used to prevent the flame ejected from the first explosion-proof valve from spreading to the outside of the battery box.

[0008] In one embodiment, the battery box is provided with a second explosion-proof valve, and the battery cell supporting structure is provided with a pressure relief inlet aligned with the first explosion-proof valve of the battery cell;

[0009] The fire-blocking structure includes a plurality of pressure relief channels extending in a plurality of different directions, and the plurality of pressure relief channels are connected between the pressure relief inlet and the second explosion-proof valve.

[0010] In one embodiment, the battery cell supporting structure includes an upper plate and a lower plate arranged along the height direction of the battery box, a plurality of pressure relief channels are arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate, the upper plate is used to support the battery cell assembly, and the pressure relief inlet is arranged on the upper plate.

[0011] In one embodiment, the upper plate body is provided with a plurality of battery cell placement positions, and each of the battery cell placement positions is provided with the pressure relief inlet.

[0012] In one embodiment, the battery cell supporting structure includes a honeycomb porous structure provided between the upper plate body and the lower plate body, and the honeycomb porous structure is arranged in the installation area of ​​the battery cell assembly; and the plurality of pressure relief channels are formed by the honeycomb porous structure.

[0013] In one embodiment, the battery cell supporting structure is an integrally formed structure.

[0014] In one embodiment, the second explosion-proof valve is disposed on the battery cell supporting structure, and a pressure relief port of the second explosion-proof valve faces the bottom of the battery box.

[0015] A second aspect of the present application provides a power battery pack, comprising:

[0016] The battery box as described in the first aspect above; and

[0017] A battery cell assembly is installed in the battery box, and the battery cells of the battery cell assembly are all provided with a first explosion-proof valve, and the first explosion-proof valve is arranged on the battery cell on a side facing the battery cell bearing structure.

[0018] A third aspect of the present application provides an electrical device, comprising the power battery pack as described in the second aspect above.

[0019] In one embodiment, the electrical equipment is an aircraft.

[0020] The technical solution provided by this application may have the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The battery case provided in the present application has a first explosion-proof valve of the battery cell that sprays a high-temperature flame toward the battery cell bearing structure when a thermal runaway occurs in a battery cell assembly. The fire-blocking structure can limit the spread of the high-temperature flame in the battery case. The high-temperature flame is only sprayed out of the battery case in the form of smoke. Only smoke but no fire occurs outside the power battery pack, thereby improving the safety of the power battery pack.

[0022] Furthermore, when the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature flame discharged from the first explosion-proof valve enters the honeycomb porous structure and releases pressure in all directions through multiple micropores. When passing through these micropores multiple times, the contact area between the flame and the inner wall of the pressure relief channel is expanded, heat transfer is enhanced, and the flame temperature is reduced to below the ignition point, thereby preventing the flame from spreading. In addition. Due to the vessel wall effect, when the combustible gas passes through the narrow pressure relief channel formed by multiple micropores, the probability of collision between the free radicals and the channel wall increases, which reduces the number of free radicals participating in the reaction, thereby suppressing the number of free radical reactions. After passing through the pressure relief channel formed by multiple micropores, the flame continues to weaken, and when it finally reaches the second explosion-proof valve of the battery pack, it is only ejected out in the form of smoke.

[0023] Furthermore, in the event of a crash, the honeycomb porous structure has the energy absorption property to effectively absorb the collision kinetic energy and protect the power battery. In addition, based on the lightweight design principle of aviation, the integrated cell bearing structure can further save internal exhaust ducts and structural reinforcement design, reduce the weight of the battery pack, and improve the weight energy density and volume utilization of the battery system of the aircraft.

[0024] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a battery box assembled with a battery assembly shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery box shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a battery box shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 is another cross-sectional view of the battery box shown in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second explosion-proof valve of the battery box shown in the embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure numerals: 100, battery case; 110, battery cell bearing structure; 120, frame; 200, battery cell; 210, first explosion-proof valve; 111, upper plate; 112, lower plate; 113, honeycomb porous structure; 130, second explosion-proof valve; 131, pressure relief port; 1131, pressure relief hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0033] The terms used in this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates other meanings. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0034] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. may be used in this application to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0036] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] In the related art, the battery box of the aviation power battery pack is usually designed with an explosion-proof valve for thermal runaway. The explosion-proof valve can prevent heat spread after the battery thermal runaway, but the flame will still leak out of the battery pack through the explosion-proof valve, posing a certain threat to the personal safety of passengers. In response to the above problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a battery box, the fire-blocking structure can limit the spread of high-temperature flames in the battery box, and the high-temperature flames only spray out of the battery box in the form of smoke. Only smoke but no fire will be emitted outside the power battery pack, which can improve the safety of the power battery pack.

[0038] The technical solution of the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a battery box assembled with a battery assembly shown in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery box shown in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a battery case shown in an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The battery case 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a frame 120 and a battery cell supporting structure 110. The battery cell supporting structure 110 is arranged at the bottom of the battery case 100. The battery cell supporting structure 110 is used to carry the battery cell assembly. The battery cell 200 of the battery cell assembly is provided with a first explosion-proof valve 210. The first explosion-proof valve 210 is arranged on the battery cell 200 on a side facing the battery cell supporting structure 110; wherein, the battery cell supporting structure 110 is provided with a fire-blocking structure, and the fire-blocking structure is arranged in the battery cell supporting structure 110 in the area carrying the battery cell assembly, and the fire-blocking structure is used to prevent the flame ejected from the first explosion-proof valve 210 from spreading to the outside of the battery case 100.

[0041] The battery case 100 provided in the present application has a first explosion-proof valve 210 of the battery cell 200 that sprays a high-temperature flame toward the battery cell supporting structure 110 when a thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 200. The fire-blocking structure can limit the spread of the high-temperature flame in the battery case 100. The high-temperature flame is only sprayed out of the battery case 100 in the form of smoke. Only smoke but no fire occurs outside the power battery pack, thereby improving the safety of the power battery pack.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, the battery cell assembly includes a plurality of battery cells 200, and the plurality of battery cells 200 are installed in the battery box 100 in a fixed and regular arrangement. The packaging structure of the plurality of battery cells 200 can be a square shell blade or a cylindrical shape. The positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 200 are located at the top of the battery cell 200, that is, the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 200 are located in the opposite direction of the battery cell bearing structure 110, and the bottom of the battery cell 200 is fixed on the battery cell bearing structure 110, and can be encapsulated with the battery cell 200 bearing structure using adhesive material to form an integrated structure.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first explosion-proof valve 210 of the battery cell 200 is arranged toward the lower side of the battery case, so that a safe design of thermal and electrical separation can be achieved. The battery case 100 can be made of aluminum profiles. The battery case 100 effectively protects the battery cell 200 and other electrical components and realizes thermal containment of the battery pack. Even if thermal runaway occurs inside the battery pack, the flame will not spread outside the battery pack and cause a threat to the personal safety of passengers.

[0044] In some embodiments, the battery case 100 is provided with a second explosion-proof valve 130, and the battery cell supporting structure 110 is provided with a pressure relief inlet aligned with the first explosion-proof valve 210 of the battery cell 200; the fire-blocking structure includes a plurality of pressure relief channels extending in multiple different directions, and the plurality of pressure relief channels are connected between the pressure relief inlet and the second explosion-proof valve 130. In this way, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell assembly, the high-temperature flame sprayed through the first explosion-proof valve 210 can enter the pressure relief inlet, and the high-temperature flame enters from the pressure relief inlet and is conducted to the second explosion-proof valve 130 by the pressure relief channel. The pressure relief channel can limit the spread of the high-temperature flame and reduce the temperature of the high-temperature flame, so that the high-temperature flame is only ejected from the second explosion-proof valve 130 to the outside of the battery case 100 in the form of smoke, which can not only timely relieve the pressure of the battery pack, but also effectively prevent the battery pack from catching fire.

[0045] In some embodiments, a pressure relief hole 1131 connected to the second explosion-proof valve 130 is provided at a portion of the fire-blocking structure near the second explosion-proof valve 130. The pressure relief hole 1131 is provided at the end of the pressure relief channel. The high-temperature flame can be transmitted to the second explosion-proof valve 130 through the pressure relief hole 1131, and then discharged from the pressure relief port 131 of the second explosion-proof valve 130.

[0046] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5In some embodiments, the battery cell supporting structure 110 includes an upper plate 111 and a lower plate 112 arranged along the height direction of the battery box 100, and a plurality of pressure relief channels are arranged between the upper plate 111 and the lower plate 112. The upper plate 111 is used to carry the battery cell assembly, and the pressure relief inlet is arranged on the upper plate 111. The upper plate 111 can support the battery cell 200, and the lower plate 112 can serve as the outer bottom plate of the battery box 100. The high-temperature flame discharged from the first explosion-proof valve 210 of the battery cell 200 is limited to be transmitted between the upper plate 111 and the lower plate 112, and will not spread to the inside of the battery box 100.

[0047] In some embodiments, the upper plate 111 is provided with a plurality of battery cell placement positions, each of which is provided with a pressure relief inlet. When a battery cell 200 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature flame will enter the pressure relief channel through the corresponding pressure relief inlet and will not affect other battery cells 200, thereby preventing the fire in the battery box 100 from spreading, and further improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0048] In some embodiments, the battery cell supporting structure includes a honeycomb porous structure 113 disposed between an upper plate 111 and a lower plate 112 , and the honeycomb porous structure 113 is arranged in the installation area of ​​the battery cell assembly; a plurality of pressure relief channels are formed by the honeycomb porous structure 113 .

[0049] The honeycomb porous structure includes a plurality of micropores, which are distributed in different directions and can be interconnected. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 200, the high-temperature flame discharged from the first explosion-proof valve 210 enters the honeycomb porous structure 113 and releases pressure in various directions through the plurality of micropores. When passing through these micropores multiple times, the contact area between the flame and the inner wall of the pressure relief channel is expanded, heat transfer is enhanced, and the flame temperature is reduced to below the ignition point, thereby preventing the flame from spreading.

[0050] In addition, due to the wall effect, when the combustible gas passes through the narrow pressure relief channel formed by multiple micropores, the probability of free radicals colliding with the channel wall increases, which reduces the number of free radicals participating in the reaction, thereby suppressing the number of free radical reactions. After passing through the pressure relief channel formed by multiple micropores, the flame is continuously weakened, and finally when it reaches the second explosion-proof valve 130 of the battery pack, it is ejected out only in the form of smoke.

[0051] In this embodiment, the second explosion-proof valve 130 is arranged on the battery cell bearing structure 110. For example, the second explosion-proof valve 130 can be installed on the battery cell bearing structure 110 at the bottom of the battery case 100 in a detachable manner such as bolts. The pressure relief port 131 of the second explosion-proof valve 130 faces the bottom of the battery case 100. The flame is continuously weakened after passing through the pressure relief channel composed of multiple micropores. When it finally reaches the second explosion-proof valve 130 of the battery pack, it is sprayed to the bottom of the battery case 100 in the form of smoke, which will not affect the electrical components inside or above the battery pack, thus achieving thermal and electrical separation and further improving safety.

[0052] In some embodiments, the battery cell supporting structure 110 is an integrally formed structure. The battery cell supporting structure 110 is a honeycomb aluminum extrusion profile, which is formed by stacking the honeycomb structure. Therefore, the battery cell supporting structure 110 is also called a honeycomb bottom plate. The upper plate 111, the honeycomb porous structure 113 and the lower plate 112 are integrally formed, that is, the honeycomb porous structure 113 of the fire barrier structure of the present application is an integrated design. The integrated design scheme can further save internal exhaust ducts and structural reinforcement design, and can improve the weight energy density and volume utilization of the battery system.

[0053] The present application also provides a power battery pack, including a battery case 100 as in the above embodiment; and a battery cell assembly, the battery cell assembly is installed in the battery case 100, and the battery cells 200 of the battery cell assembly are all provided with a first explosion-proof valve 210, and the first explosion-proof valve 210 is arranged on the battery cell 200 on a side facing the battery cell supporting structure 110.

[0054] In the power battery pack provided in the present application, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell assembly, the first explosion-proof valve 210 of the battery cell 200 sprays a high-temperature flame toward the battery cell supporting structure 110. The fire-blocking structure can limit the spread of the high-temperature flame in the battery case 100. The high-temperature flame is only sprayed out of the battery case 100 in the form of smoke. Only smoke but no fire occurs outside the power battery pack, thereby improving the safety of the power battery pack.

[0055] The present application provides an electric device, including the above power battery pack. The electric device may be a vehicle or an aircraft, and the power battery pack serves as a power energy source for the vehicle or the aircraft.

[0056] The solution provided in this embodiment is that since the electrical equipment is equipped with the above-mentioned power battery pack, when the battery cell 200 in the power battery pack undergoes thermal runaway, the high-temperature flame is only ejected to the outside of the battery case 100 in the form of smoke, and only smoke but no fire occurs outside the power battery pack, thereby preventing the electrical equipment from catching fire and improving the safety of the electrical equipment.

[0057] The solution provided by this application is that when the electrical equipment of this application is an aircraft, the power battery pack is an aviation power battery pack. Since the cell bearing structure of the power battery pack has a honeycomb porous structure 113, in the event of the aircraft losing control and the battery pack crashing, the integrated cell 200 bearing structure has a strong energy absorption characteristic, which can effectively absorb the collision kinetic energy generated and effectively protect the power battery. In addition, in accordance with the design principle of aviation lightweight, the integrated cell bearing structure 110 can further save internal exhaust ducts and structural reinforcement design, reduce the weight of the battery pack, and improve the weight energy density and volume utilization of the battery system of the aircraft.

[0058] The embodiments of the present application have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A battery box, characterized in that: include: A frame and a battery cell bearing structure, wherein the battery cell bearing structure is disposed at the bottom of the battery case, and the battery cell bearing structure is used to bear a battery cell assembly, wherein the battery cell of the battery cell assembly is provided with a first explosion-proof valve, and the first explosion-proof valve is disposed on the battery cell on a side facing the battery cell bearing structure; Among them, the battery cell supporting structure is provided with a fire-blocking structure, and the fire-blocking structure is arranged in the battery cell supporting structure in the area supporting the battery cell assembly, and the fire-blocking structure is used to prevent the flame ejected from the first explosion-proof valve from spreading to the outside of the battery box.

2. The battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery box is provided with a second explosion-proof valve, and the battery cell supporting structure is provided with a pressure relief inlet aligned with the first explosion-proof valve of the battery cell; The fire-blocking structure includes a plurality of pressure relief channels extending in a plurality of different directions, and the plurality of pressure relief channels are connected between the pressure relief inlet and the second explosion-proof valve.

3. The battery box according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery cell supporting structure includes an upper plate and a lower plate arranged along the height direction of the battery box, a plurality of pressure relief channels are arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate, the upper plate is used to support the battery cell assembly, and the pressure relief inlet is arranged on the upper plate.

4. The battery case according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper plate body is provided with a plurality of battery cell placement positions, and each of the battery cell placement positions is provided with the pressure relief inlet.

5. The battery case according to claim 3, characterized in that: The battery cell supporting structure comprises a honeycomb porous structure disposed between the upper plate body and the lower plate body, and the honeycomb porous structure is arranged in the installation area of ​​the battery cell assembly; the plurality of pressure relief channels are formed by the honeycomb porous structure.

6. The battery case according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The battery core supporting structure is an integrally formed structure.

7. The battery case according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second explosion-proof valve is arranged on the battery core supporting structure, and the pressure relief port of the second explosion-proof valve faces the bottom of the battery box.

8. A power battery pack, characterized in that: include: The battery box according to any one of claims 1 to 7; as well as A battery cell assembly is installed in the battery box, and the battery cell of the battery cell assembly is provided with a first explosion-proof valve, and the first explosion-proof valve is arranged on the battery cell on a side facing the battery cell bearing structure.

9. An electrical device, characterized in that: Comprising the power battery pack as claimed in claim 8.

10. The electrical equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The electrical equipment is an aircraft.

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