Back door assembly and vehicle
By setting multiple display lights extending to both ends of the width of the rear door in the rear door assembly, the existing lights are solved for blurred lights and single functions in severe weather conditions, achieving higher visibility and dynamic display effects.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421499717.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-06
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-27
AI Technical Summary
The existing headlights are blurry in bad weather conditions and have a single function, which cannot meet the various environmental needs of users.
A back door assembly is designed, with the headlights extending from one end to the other end in the width direction of the back door, and includes multiple display screens, with adjacent display side edges in contact for emitting coherent light and interactive information.
It improves the visibility of the vehicle during night or inclement weather conditions, can display preset patterns and text information, achieve a dynamic welcome effect, provide a more continuous visual experience, and users seamlessly switch different display screens.
Smart Images

Figure CN222832765U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a back door assembly and a vehicle. Background Art
[0002] With the development of vehicle intelligence, lighting plays an increasingly important role in car interior design. Car lights are a combination of decorative and indicative lighting. With the development of technology, car lights have also incorporated intelligent elements such as human-computer interaction, changing not only the lighting method, but also the driving method, bringing people a new sensory experience.
[0003] The headlights in the prior art are generally used for lighting. The brightness of the headlights is insufficient. In bad weather conditions, the headlights will become blurred. Moreover, the functions of the headlights are relatively single and cannot meet the needs of users in various environments. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the utility model proposes a tailgate assembly, in which the setting of the headlights can provide light for the tailgate, improve the visibility of the vehicle at night or in bad weather conditions, display preset patterns and text information, achieve a dynamic welcoming effect, freely define different patterns or animations, and provide a more continuous visual experience, so that users can seamlessly switch between different display screens without any interruption.
[0005] The utility model further provides a vehicle.
[0006] According to the first aspect of the utility model, the tailgate assembly includes: a tailgate; a headlight, wherein the headlight is arranged on the tailgate and extends from one end of the tailgate in the width direction to the other end of the tailgate in the width direction, and the headlight includes a plurality of display screens, wherein the plurality of display screens are arranged sequentially in the length direction of the headlight, and the side edges of two adjacent display screens are in contact with each other, so that the plurality of display screens are used to emit continuous light and / or interactive information.
[0007] Therefore, the setting of the lights in the tailgate assembly can provide lighting for the tailgate, improve the visibility of the vehicle at night or in bad weather conditions, display preset patterns and text information to achieve a dynamic welcoming effect, freely define different patterns or animations, and provide a more continuous visual experience. Users can switch seamlessly between different display screens without any sense of interruption.
[0008] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the tailgate includes: a tailgate inner panel; and a tailgate outer panel, wherein the tailgate outer panel is arranged on the outer side of the tailgate inner panel, and the tailgate outer panel is formed with an installation groove extending along its width direction, and the vehicle light is arranged in the installation groove.
[0009] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the vehicle lamp further includes: a lamp housing, which is arranged on the rear door; a lampshade, which is arranged on the lamp housing, and a first inner cavity is formed between the lampshade and the lamp housing; a first display screen bracket, which is arranged in the first inner cavity, the first display screen bracket is connected to the lamp housing, and a plurality of display screens are arranged on the first display screen bracket.
[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first display screen bracket is formed with a display area, the display area is arranged opposite to the multiple display screens, and the upper edge and / or the lower edge of the display area is formed as an arc edge.
[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the upper edge of the display area is constructed as an arc-shaped edge that is low in the middle and high at both ends, and the upper edges of the plurality of display screens are arranged to be inclined relative to a horizontal plane.
[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the direction from the midpoint of the length direction of the display area to both ends, the inclination angle of the upper edge of the display screen relative to the horizontal plane increases, and one end of the upper edge of the display screen adjacent to the midpoint of the length direction of the display area is higher than the other end away from the midpoint of the length direction of the display area.
[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first display screen bracket includes: a first bracket, on which the plurality of display screens are mounted; and a second bracket, which is arranged on a side of the first bracket facing the lampshade, and the second bracket forms the display area.
[0014] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the rear door assembly further includes: a display screen cover, the display screen cover is located in the display area, the display screen cover is arranged on the plurality of display screens, and the display screen cover cooperates with the second bracket stopper.
[0015] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the rear door assembly also includes: a second display screen bracket, the second display screen bracket is arranged in the first inner cavity, the second display screen bracket is connected to the lamp housing, the second display screen bracket is located on the side of the first display screen bracket away from the lamp cover, and a second inner cavity is formed between the first display screen bracket and the second display screen bracket; a display screen driver, the display screen driver is arranged in the second inner cavity, and the display screen driver is electrically connected to the display screen; a display screen controller, a third inner cavity is formed between the second display screen bracket and the lamp housing, the display screen controller is arranged in the third inner cavity, and the display screen controller is electrically connected to the display screen driver.
[0016] A vehicle according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the utility model includes: the above-mentioned vehicle lamp.
[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:
[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a back door assembly including a lamp according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lamp housing in a vehicle lamp according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a display area includes multiple display screens according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0022] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle lamp according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a display screen controller included in a vehicle lamp according to an embodiment of the utility model.
[0024] Reference numerals:
[0025] 100. Back door assembly;
[0026] 10. Back door; 11. Back door outer panel; 12. Mounting slot;
[0027] 20. Car lights; 21. Display screen; 22. Lamp housing; 23. Lamp cover;
[0028] 24. first display screen bracket; 241. display area; 242. first bracket; 243. second bracket;
[0029] 30. Display screen cover;
[0030] 40. Second display screen bracket;
[0031] 50, first inner cavity; 51, second inner cavity; 52, third inner cavity;
[0032] 60. Display screen driver; 70. Display screen controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. The embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below.
[0034] Reference below Figure 1-Figure 5 A tailgate assembly 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.
[0035] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the tailgate assembly 100 of the first embodiment of the utility model comprises: a tailgate 10 and a headlight 20, wherein the headlight 20 is arranged on the tailgate 10, and the headlight 20 extends from one end in the width direction of the tailgate 10 to the other end in the width direction of the tailgate 10, and the headlight 20 comprises a plurality of display screens 21, wherein the plurality of display screens 21 are arranged sequentially in the length direction of the headlight 20, and the side edges of two adjacent display screens 21 are in contact with each other, so that the plurality of display screens 21 can be used to emit continuous light and / or interactive information.
[0036] Specifically, the car light 20 is set on the tailgate 10, which can not only provide light for the tailgate 10 to warn the vehicles behind, but also display the set patterns and text information on the tailgate 10. For example, the pattern information can be a welcome pattern, and the text information can be set as a welcome text, thereby meeting the needs of users in different scenarios.
[0037] Moreover, the headlight 20 extends from one end of the width direction of the rear door 10 to the other end of the width direction of the rear door 10, and the width direction is the lateral direction of the vehicle, so that the visual impact of the vehicle can be increased, making the entire vehicle body look more smooth and dynamic. The extension range of the headlight 20 can make the entire rear taillight area look wider and more powerful, thereby enhancing the appearance appeal of the vehicle.
[0038] Moreover, the extended headlight 20 can improve the visibility of the vehicle, especially at night or in bad weather conditions. The larger lamp area can provide better lighting effects, making it easier for drivers and pedestrians on the road to identify the position and direction of the vehicle, thereby improving driving safety.
[0039] Furthermore, multiple display screens 21 are arranged along the length direction of the headlight 20, which can provide a more continuous visual experience. The user can seamlessly switch between different display screens 21 without any sense of interruption. It can also better utilize the space, especially in a narrow space, which can accommodate more display screens 21 and provide a wider coverage area.
[0040] The side edges of two adjacent display screens 21 are in contact with each other, so that it is convenient to repair and replace the display screens 21. When one of the multiple display screens 21 is damaged, it can be easily disassembled, thereby extending the service life of the vehicle lamp 20.
[0041] The multiple display screens 21 emit continuous lights and / or interactive information, which can not only provide illumination for the driver in a dark environment, but also display the driving status of the vehicle to other vehicles on the road. For example, the display screen 21 can display the current speed of the vehicle, or display the status information of the vehicle about to turn, or can display preset patterns and text information.
[0042] Furthermore, the display screen 21 can use high-brightness Mini LED as the light source. Based on LED matrix display processing technology, it has a compact Mini LED display module with high-brightness output and high-resolution projection image quality to achieve a dynamic welcoming effect. Different patterns or animations can also be freely defined. It has the advantages of full digital control and good scalability.
[0043] Therefore, the setting of the headlight 20 in the tailgate assembly 100 can provide lighting for the tailgate 10, improve the visibility of the vehicle at night or in bad weather conditions, display preset patterns and text information to achieve a dynamic welcoming effect, freely define different patterns or animations, and provide a more continuous visual experience. Users can seamlessly switch between different display screens 21 without any sense of interruption.
[0044] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the tailgate 10 includes: a tailgate inner panel 10 and a tailgate outer panel 11 . The tailgate outer panel 11 is disposed on the outer side of the tailgate inner panel 10 . The tailgate outer panel 11 is formed with a mounting groove 12 extending through the tailgate outer panel 11 along its width direction. The vehicle lamp 20 is disposed in the mounting groove 12 .
[0045] Among them, the tailgate outer panel 11 can play the role of protecting the inner panel of the tailgate 10. The tailgate outer panel 11 is formed with a mounting groove 12 that penetrates along its width direction. The setting of the mounting groove 12 can provide a storage space for the headlight 20. The headlight 20 is embedded in the mounting groove 12. The mounting groove 12 can make the headlight 20 flush with the surface of the tailgate outer panel 11. In this way, the space of the tailgate 10 can be reasonably utilized, making its structure more compact and coordinated.
[0046] Moreover, the mounting groove 12 can provide better protection for the vehicle lamp 20 and prevent the vehicle lamp 20 from being damaged by collision or scratches during daily driving, thereby extending the service life of the vehicle lamp 20 and reducing the cost of maintenance and replacement.
[0047] Furthermore, the design of the mounting groove 12 can also enhance the lighting effect of the headlight 20. By optimizing the shape and depth of the mounting groove 12, more uniform and soft light can be achieved, making the lighting range of the headlight 20 wider and brighter.
[0048] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the vehicle lamp 20 further includes: a lamp housing 22, a lamp shade 23 and a first display screen bracket 24. The lamp housing 22 is disposed on the rear door 10. The lamp shade 23 is disposed on the lamp housing 22. A first inner cavity 50 is formed between the lamp shade 23 and the lamp housing 22. The first display screen bracket 24 is disposed in the first inner cavity 50. The first display screen bracket 24 is connected to the lamp housing 22. A plurality of display screens 21 are disposed on the first display screen bracket 24.
[0049] The lamp housing 22 is disposed on the rear door 10 , and the lamp housing 22 can be tightly connected and matched with the rear door 10 , so that the headlight 20 and the rear door 10 can form a whole. The lamp housing 22 can also play a protective role, preventing sand or rain from entering from the outside.
[0050] The lampshade 23 is arranged on the lamp housing 22, and the lampshade 23 can play a role of focusing light and also play a protective role. A first inner cavity 50 is formed between the lampshade 23 and the lamp housing 22, and the first inner cavity 50 can form an installation space, which can facilitate the placement of the first display screen bracket 24. The first display screen bracket 24 is connected to the lamp housing 22, so that the first display screen bracket 24 can provide support force to the inside of the lamp housing 22, and can prevent the lamp housing 22 from being deformed under the action of external force, thereby avoiding damage to the display screen 21 in the lampshade 23, and can also play a role in strengthening the strength of the lamp housing 22, and can also extend the service life of the car lamp 20.
[0051] The multiple display screens 21 are disposed on the first display screen bracket 24 , and the first display screen bracket 24 provides installation positions for the multiple display screens 21 , thereby playing a role in fixing the display screens 21 .
[0052] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first display screen bracket 24 is formed with a display area 241 , and the display area 241 is arranged opposite to the multiple display screens 21 , and the upper edge and / or the lower edge of the display area 241 is formed as an arc edge.
[0053] The first display screen bracket 24 is formed with a display area 241, which can facilitate the placement of the display screen 21. The upper edge and / or lower edge of the display area 241 is formed as an arc edge, which can reduce the edge gap between the display area 241 and multiple display screens 21, making the picture more coherent and unified as a whole.
[0054] The curved edge can reduce the sharpness of the edge and reduce the interference of the edge to the line of sight, so that the user can be more comfortable when viewing the displayed content.
[0055] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the upper edge of the display area 241 is constructed as an arc-shaped edge that is low in the middle and high at both ends, and the upper edges of the multiple display screens 21 are arranged to be inclined relative to the horizontal plane.
[0056] Among them, the upper edge of the display area 241 adopts a design that is low in the middle and high at both ends, so that the display area 241 is wavy, which can reflect the light emitted by the car light 20 multiple times, can play a focusing role, and can also further increase the brightness of the display area 241, thereby improving the user experience.
[0057] In addition, since the display area 241 is higher in the middle and lower at both ends, and is overall arc-shaped, in order to match the multiple display screens 21 with the display area 241, the upper edges of the multiple display screens 21 are tilted relative to the horizontal plane, and the tilt angle increases from the middle to the two ends, thereby making the multiple display screens 21 and the display area 241 fit more closely.
[0058] According to the specific embodiment of the utility model, Figure 3 As shown, in the direction from the midpoint of the length direction of the display area 241 to both ends, the inclination angle of the upper edge of the display screen 21 relative to the horizontal plane increases gradually, and the end of the upper edge of the display screen 21 adjacent to the midpoint of the length direction of the display area 241 is higher than the other end away from the midpoint of the length direction of the display area 241. In this way, the entire display area 241 can be formed into an arc, thereby improving the focusing effect of the display area 241.
[0059] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the first display bracket 24 includes: a first bracket 242 and a second bracket 243 , a plurality of display screens 21 are mounted on the first bracket 242 , the second bracket 243 is disposed on a side of the first bracket 242 facing the lampshade 23 , and the second bracket 243 forms a display area 241 .
[0060] The display screen 21 is mounted on the first bracket 242 , and the first bracket 242 can provide support force to the display screen 21 , thereby improving the support strength of the display screen 21 .
[0061] Furthermore, the second bracket 243 is arranged on the side of the first bracket 242 facing the lampshade 23, and a part of the second bracket 243 is connected to the first bracket 242. The first bracket 242 can further provide supporting force to the second bracket 243, thereby further improving the strength of the display area 241 and preventing the display screen 21 from being damaged.
[0062] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the rear door assembly 100 further includes: a display screen cover 30 , which is located in the display area 241 , and is disposed on the plurality of display screens 21 , and the display screen cover 30 is stoppered with the second bracket 243 .
[0063] The display screen cover 30 covers the display screen 21 , so as to protect the display screen 21 and prevent sand or rain from entering the display screen 21 and damaging the display screen 21 .
[0064] The display screen cover 30 can reduce or block the irradiation from the external light source, and can also reduce the screen reflection, thereby improving the visibility of the display screen 21 in a strong light environment. In addition, the display screen cover 30 can protect the display screen 21 from being contaminated by scratches, fingerprints, etc., thereby extending the service life of the display screen 21.
[0065] Furthermore, the display screen cover 30 cooperates with the second bracket 243 to stop the display screen cover 30, and the second bracket 243 can limit the display screen cover 30 to prevent the display screen cover 30 from moving and misaligning, and can also support the display screen cover 30, thereby preventing the display screen cover 30 from being deformed under the action of external force.
[0066] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the back door assembly 100 also includes: a second display screen bracket 40, a display screen driver 60 and a display screen controller 70. The second display screen bracket 40 is arranged in the first inner cavity 50, the second display screen bracket 40 is connected to the lamp housing 22, the second display screen bracket 40 is located on the side of the first display screen bracket 24 away from the lamp cover 23, a second inner cavity 51 is formed between the first display screen bracket 24 and the second display screen bracket 40, the display screen driver 60 is arranged in the second inner cavity 51, the display screen driver 60 is electrically connected to the display screen 21, a third inner cavity 52 is formed between the second display screen bracket 40 and the lamp housing 22, the display screen controller 70 is arranged in the third inner cavity 52, and the display screen controller 70 is electrically connected to the display screen driver 60.
[0067] Specifically, the second display bracket 40 is disposed in the first inner cavity 50, and can provide support for the first inner cavity 50, thereby increasing the strength of the first inner cavity 50. The second display bracket 40 is connected to the lamp housing 22, so that the second display bracket 40 can provide support for the lamp housing 22, and can prevent the lamp housing 22 from being deformed by external force.
[0068] In addition, the second display bracket 40 is located on the side of the first display bracket 24 away from the lamp cover 23. By properly utilizing the space inside the vehicle lamp 20, the second display bracket 40 can be prevented from interfering with the first display bracket 24. A second inner cavity 51 is formed between the first display bracket 24 and the second display bracket 40. The second inner cavity 51 can provide a space for accommodating the display driver 60, thereby facilitating the installation of the display driver 60.
[0069] Moreover, the display screen driver 60 is electrically connected to the display screen 21 , which can increase the signal transmission speed and reduce the delay of data transmission, which is beneficial to improving the response speed and performance of the display screen 21 .
[0070] Furthermore, the display screen driver 60 is electrically connected to the display screen 21 , which can reduce the possibility of external interference and improve the stability and reliability of data transmission, thereby facilitating the consistency of display effects.
[0071] In addition, the display screen controller 70 is electrically connected to the display screen driver 60, so as to realize centralized control of the plurality of display screens 21, thereby facilitating unified management and operation.
[0072] The vehicle according to the second embodiment of the utility model includes: the vehicle lamp 20 of the above embodiment.
[0073] Among them, the vehicle can improve the visibility of the vehicle at night or in bad weather conditions, and can also display preset patterns and text information to achieve a dynamic welcoming effect.
[0074] The lamp 20 is arranged on the rear door outer panel 11 and is formed with a mounting groove 12 that penetrates along the width direction thereof. The lamp 20 is embedded in the mounting groove 12. The mounting groove 12 can make the lamp 20 flush with the surface of the rear door outer panel 11, so that the space of the rear door 10 can be reasonably utilized, making its structure more compact and coordinated. The mounting groove 12 can provide better protection for the lamp 20, and can prevent the lamp 20 from being hit or scratched during daily driving, thereby extending the service life of the lamp 20 and reducing the cost of repair and replacement.
[0075] In addition, the display screen driver 60 of the vehicle is electrically connected to the display screen 21, which can increase the signal transmission speed and reduce the delay of data transmission, which is conducive to improving the response speed and performance of the display screen 21. The display screen controller 70 is electrically connected to the display screen driver 60, which can realize centralized control of multiple display screens 21, thereby facilitating unified management and operation.
[0076] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0077] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
[0078] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A back door assembly, characterized in that: include: Back door; A headlight, which is arranged on the tailgate and extends from one end of the tailgate in the width direction to the other end of the tailgate in the width direction. The headlight includes a plurality of display screens, which are arranged sequentially in the length direction of the headlight, and the side edges of two adjacent display screens are in contact with each other, so that the plurality of display screens are used to emit continuous light and / or interactive information.
2. The back door assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back door comprises: Back door inner panel; A tailgate outer panel is arranged on the outer side of the tailgate inner panel, the tailgate outer panel is formed with a mounting groove penetrating along the width direction thereof, and the vehicle lamp is arranged in the mounting groove.
3. The back door assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle lamp further comprises: A lamp housing, the lamp housing being arranged on the back door; A lampshade, wherein the lampshade is disposed on the lamp housing, and a first inner cavity is formed between the lampshade and the lamp housing; A first display screen bracket is disposed in the first inner cavity, the first display screen bracket is connected to the lamp housing, and a plurality of display screens are disposed in the first display screen bracket.
4. The tailgate assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first display screen bracket is formed with a display area, and the display area is arranged opposite to the plurality of display screens, and the upper edge and / or the lower edge of the display area is formed as an arc edge.
5. The tailgate assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper edge of the display area is constructed as an arc-shaped edge that is low in the middle and high at both ends, and the upper edges of the plurality of display screens are arranged to be inclined relative to a horizontal plane.
6. The tailgate assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the direction from the midpoint of the length direction of the display area to both ends, the inclination angle of the upper edge of the display screen relative to the horizontal plane increases gradually, and one end of the upper edge of the display screen adjacent to the midpoint of the length direction of the display area is higher than the other end away from the midpoint of the length direction of the display area.
7. The tailgate assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first display screen bracket comprises: A first bracket, wherein the plurality of display screens are mounted on the first bracket; The second bracket is arranged on a side of the first bracket facing the lampshade, and the second bracket is formed with the display area.
8. The tailgate assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A display screen cover is located in the display area, the display screen cover is arranged on a plurality of display screens, and the display screen cover cooperates with the second bracket stopper.
9. The tailgate assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: a second display screen bracket, the second display screen bracket being arranged in the first inner cavity, the second display screen bracket being connected to the lamp housing, the second display screen bracket being located at a side of the first display screen bracket away from the lamp cover, and a second inner cavity being formed between the first display screen bracket and the second display screen bracket; A display screen driver, the display screen driver is disposed in the second inner cavity, and the display screen driver is electrically connected to the display screen; A display screen controller, a third inner cavity is formed between the second display screen bracket and the lamp housing, the display screen controller is arranged in the third inner cavity, and the display screen controller is electrically connected to the display screen driver.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: The tailgate assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9.