Guide-vane-free water-turbine generator set with adjustable tongue plate
By introducing adjustable tongue plates and specially designed rotors into the guide-free turbine, the problem of working condition adjustment and production difficulty is solved, and efficient residual energy recycling and low-cost production are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421750031.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-06
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-23
AI Technical Summary
The existing guide vaneless turbines have shortcomings in operating condition adjustment and micro-wheel hydraulic design, resulting in weak ability to adapt to operating conditions and difficult production, which affects the promotion of residual energy recovery.
A vaneless water wheel generator set with an adjustable tongue plate is designed. Through the combination of volute shell, runner, outlet chamber and generator, the adjustable tongue plate is used to adjust the overflow area of the volute throat to achieve working condition adjustment, and the special design of the runner reduces the difficulty of production.
It realizes flexible working condition adjustment and low production difficulty of the guide-free turbine, expands the adaptation range of the turbine, reduces production costs, and improves the efficiency of residual energy recovery.
Smart Images
Figure CN222835877U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of water turbines, in particular to a guide vaneless water turbine generator set with an adjustable tongue plate. Background Art
[0002] In the energy, chemical and municipal industries, high-pressure fluid decompression is common in various process flows. When the flow rate of the decompressed fluid is small and the total energy is limited, due to the lack of dedicated units and poor economic efficiency, most people currently choose to dissipate energy through valve throttling. The excess pressure energy in the decompression process is wasted in the form of noise and vibration, causing pollution to the working environment. With the advancement of the "dual carbon" strategy, people are paying more and more attention to the recovery of residual pressure energy. First of all, we must innovate the flow channel structure and reduce the difficulty of manufacturing. Due to the small size of the micro unit, in order to simplify the flow channel structure, the fixed guide vanes and movable guide vanes are cancelled. The volute is used to form a velocity moment during operation, and a flow field evenly distributed in the circumferential direction is generated to meet the working requirements of the runner, forming a special guide vaneless turbine flow channel structure; secondly, it is necessary to solve the problem of adjusting the operating conditions of the guide vaneless turbine. The micro turbine adopts a special guide vaneless structure. Although it reduces the difficulty of equipment manufacturing, the unit has no adjustment ability to adapt to changes in operating conditions. The ability of customization is weak. When faced with different waste energy recovery scenarios, it is necessary to re-customize the design. The time cost and mold cost consumed by customized design have an adverse impact on the promotion of small and micro waste energy recovery scenarios. Finally, it is necessary to solve the hydraulic design problem of special micro-turbine runners. Due to the small size and narrow flow channel of micro-turbines, it is difficult or even impossible to manufacture them with conventional runs. It is necessary to innovate the hydraulic design of micro-turbines, requiring a small number of blades, low manufacturing difficulty and excellent hydraulic performance. Therefore, it is urgent to study special units suitable for waste energy recovery of small high-pressure fluids. Summary of the invention
[0003] In view of the above situation, in order to solve the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a guide vaneless water turbine generator set with an adjustable tongue plate, which can effectively reduce the manufacturing difficulty and solve the problems of guide vaneless water turbine operating condition adjustment and micro-turbine runner hydraulic design.
[0004] The technical solution provided by the utility model is that it comprises a volute, a runner, a water outlet chamber and a generator. The entire flow passage of the water turbine is composed of the volute, the runner and the water outlet chamber. A freely adjustable tongue plate is installed in the throat of the volute. The runner and the main shaft are installed in the volute. The water outlet of the volute is connected with the water inlet of the runner. The water outlet of the runner is placed at the center of the volute and connected with the water outlet chamber. The runner is installed at one end of the main shaft, and the other end of the main shaft extends out of the volute and is connected with the generator.
[0005] The utility model has the advantages of clever layout, compact structure, simple manufacture, small footprint, flexible arrangement, compact structure, excellent hydraulic and mechanical energy performance, etc. It is particularly suitable for power generation from residual pressure of small streams of high-pressure fluids, filling the gap in micro-hydraulic turbines in the field of residual energy recovery of small streams of high-pressure fluids, and is an innovation in water turbines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0006] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structural section of the utility model.
[0007] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the volute flow channel structure of the utility model.
[0008] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating wheel structure of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0009] The specific implementation of the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0010] Depend on Figure 1-3 It is given that the utility model includes a volute, a runner, a water outlet chamber and a generator. The entire flow path of the turbine is composed of a volute 1, a runner 2 and a water outlet chamber 3. A freely adjustable tongue plate 1-4 is installed in the throat 1-2 of the volute 1. The runner 2 and the main shaft 4 are installed in the volute 1. The water outlet of the volute 1 is connected to the water inlet of the runner 2. The water outlet of the runner 2 is placed in the center of the volute 1 and connected to the water outlet chamber 3. The runner 2 is installed at one end of the main shaft 4, and the other end of the main shaft 4 extends out of the volute 1 and is connected to the generator 8.
[0011] In order to ensure the use effect, the volute 1 and the generator 8 are fixedly installed on the common base 9 by bolts.
[0012] The volute 1, the impeller 2, the water outlet chamber 3, the main shaft 4, and the output shaft of the generator 8 are all located on the same central axis.
[0013] The main shaft 4 is connected to the output shaft of the generator 8 via the sleeve 7 .
[0014] The volute 1 is composed of an inlet 1 - 1 , a throat 1 - 2 , and a volute chamber 1 - 3 which are connected in sequence, and a water outlet on the volute chamber 1 - 3 is connected to a water inlet of the runner 2 .
[0015] The main shaft 4 is composed of four sections. The diameters of the three main shaft sections located in the volute 1 increase successively. A mechanical seal 6 is arranged between the second main shaft section and the volute 1. A bearing 5 is mounted on the third main shaft section. The diameter of the fourth main shaft section extending out of the volute 1 is the same as that of the second main shaft section.
[0016] The adjustable tongue plate 1-4 is in contact with a top screw 1-5 passing through the throat 1-2, and the closing angle of the adjustable tongue plate 1-4 is adjusted by the top screw 1-5.
[0017] The number of blades of the runner 2 is 5-9, and the diameter of the high-pressure edge is made by cutting, which can adapt to different working parameters.
[0018] The utility model is used in that it comprises a volute 1, a runner 2, a water outlet chamber 3, a main shaft 4, a mechanical seal 5, a bearing 6, a sleeve 7, a generator 8 and a common base 9. The whole flow passage of the water turbine is composed of a volute 1, a runner 2 and a water outlet chamber 3. A freely adjustable tongue plate 1-4 is installed at the throat 1-2 of the volute. The center of the runner 2 is provided with a volute 1 outlet. The water outlet chamber 3 is installed at the outlet side of the runner 2. The runner 2 is installed at one end of the main shaft 4. The main shaft 4 passes through the mechanical seal 6 and the bearing 5 in sequence. The main shaft 4 is directly connected to the output shaft of the generator 8 through the sleeve 7. The water turbine is installed on the common base 9 through the volute 1 and the generator 8. During operation, water flows from the volute inlet 1-1 through the volute throat 1- 2 accelerates into the volute chamber 1-3 and forms a uniformly distributed flow field along the circumferential direction. During operation, the runner 2 consumes the speed moment of the water flow and generates a rotational torque to do external work. After doing work, the water flow is discharged from the outlet of the runner 2 through the water outlet chamber 3. The adjustable tongue plate 1-4 is installed in the throat 1-2 of the volute. The closing angle of the tongue plate 1-4 is adjusted by the top screw 1-5 to achieve the purpose of controlling the flow area of the throat 1-2 of the volute. The flow area of the throat 1-2 of the volute can directly affect the speed moment generated by the volute, and effectively change the working condition of the runner 2, thereby expanding the working adaptability range of the turbine. The flow channel structure is simple, the working condition adjustment method is novel, and it has the comprehensive advantages of flexible adjustment and low cost.
[0019] The actual engineering test shows good results. The relevant test data are as follows: The concentrated water produced by a certain RO reverse osmosis has a relatively high pressure. The concentrated water pressure is about 0.6-0.8MPa, and the flow rate is about 30-60m^3 / h. It is currently consumed by valve throttling. The noise and vibration during the pressure reduction process seriously affect the working environment. A guide vaneless turbine generator set with an adjustable tongue plate is used to recover the originally wasted energy and drive the generator to produce electricity. During operation, the opening of the tongue plate can be adjusted to adjust the flow rate and operating status of the turbine. The power generation capacity is about 4-6kW, the annual operating hours reach 7200h, and the annual power generation is about 36,000 kWh. The unit is horizontally arranged with simple layout and convenient installation. The unit has high centering accuracy, small vibration and long equipment service life.
[0020] The utility model has an ingenious layout, a compact structure, and is simple to manufacture. The runner 2 is designed according to the turbine theory, and the number of blades is 5-9, which is significantly less than the number of blades of a conventional turbine runner. In addition, unlike the conventional turbine runner which has a round head on the high-pressure side, the diameter of the high-pressure side of the runner 2 is processed by cutting, which can adapt to different working parameters, effectively reduce the difficulty of casting, and control the processing cost. It is an innovation in turbines, has good economic and social benefits, and is of positive significance to energy conservation and emission reduction.
[0021] The utility model has a novel and unique structure, a wide high efficiency zone, and a wide operating range. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:
[0022] 1. The entire flow path of the turbine consists of only the volute, the runner and the water outlet chamber. The volute produces the speed torque required for the runner to work, and the adjustable tongue plate solves the problem of adjusting the working condition of the turbine without guide vanes. The turbine flow path structure is innovated, and the manufacturing difficulty and production cost are reduced;
[0023] 2. The turbine runner is designed according to the turbine theory. The number of blades is significantly less than that of conventional turbine runners. The diameter of the high-pressure side of the runner is processed by cutting to adapt to different working parameters, which can effectively reduce the difficulty of casting and control the processing cost;
[0024] 3. It actively responds to the practice of the national "dual carbon" strategy in the field of waste pressure recovery power generation, fills the gap in micro-turbines in the field of waste energy recovery of small high-pressure fluids, and has good economic and energy-saving and environmental protection benefits.
[0025] It should be pointed out that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not impose any form of limitation on the utility model. Any technician familiar with the profession can use the technical content disclosed above to make changes or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the utility model, which all fall within the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A guide vaneless turbine generator set with an adjustable tongue, comprising a volute, a runner, a water outlet chamber and a generator, characterized in that: The entire flow passage of the water turbine is composed of a volute (1), a runner (2) and a water outlet chamber (3). A freely adjustable tongue plate (1-4) is installed in the throat (1-2) of the volute (1). The runner (2) and a main shaft (4) are installed in the volute (1). The water outlet of the volute (1) is connected to the water inlet of the runner (2). The water outlet of the runner (2) is located at the center of the volute (1) and is connected to the water outlet chamber (3). The runner (2) is installed at one end of the main shaft (4). The other end of the main shaft (4) extends out of the volute (1) and is connected to a generator (8).
2. The guide vaneless turbine generator set with adjustable tongue plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volute (1) and the generator (8) are fixedly mounted on a common base (9) via bolts.
3. The guide vaneless turbine generator set with adjustable tongue plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volute (1), the impeller (2), the water outlet chamber (3), the main shaft (4), and the output shaft of the generator (8) are all located on the same central axis.
4. The guide vaneless turbine generator set with adjustable tongue plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main shaft (4) is connected to the output shaft of the generator (8) via a sleeve (7).
5. The guide vaneless water turbine generator set with adjustable tongue plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volute (1) is composed of an inlet (1-1), a throat (1-2), and a volute chamber (1-3) which are connected in sequence, and a water outlet on the volute chamber (1-3) is connected to a water inlet of the impeller (2).
6. The guide vaneless turbine generator set with adjustable tongue plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main shaft (4) is composed of four sections, the diameters of the three main shaft sections located in the volute (1) are increased in sequence, a mechanical seal (6) is provided between the second main shaft section and the volute (1), a bearing (5) is sleeved on the third main shaft section, and the diameter of the fourth main shaft section extending out of the volute (1) is the same as the diameter of the second main shaft section.
7. The guide vaneless water turbine generator set with adjustable tongue plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable tongue plate (1-4) is in contact with a top screw (1-5) passing through the throat (1-2), and the closing angle of the adjustable tongue plate (1-4) is adjusted by the top screw (1-5).
8. The guide vaneless turbine generator set with adjustable tongue plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of blades of the runner (2) is 5-9.