Automatic cleaning device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic cleaning device which comprises a supporting frame, a water pump, sprayers, a temperature sensor and a controller, the supporting frame comprises a stand column and a bearing frame, the bearing frame is connected with the stand column, the bearing frame is obliquely arranged and used for laying and supporting a photovoltaic module, and the multiple sprayers are all installed on the supporting frame and connected with the water pump; the temperature sensor is connected with the bearing frame, the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the photovoltaic module, the controller is connected with the water pump, and the controller is used for controlling the water pump to work according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. By means of the automatic cleaning device, the effect of cleaning the photovoltaic module can be guaranteed, meanwhile, the temperature of the photovoltaic module can be prevented from being too high by cooling the photovoltaic module, and therefore the generating capacity is improved; the purposes of reducing the cost and improving the photovoltaic power generation benefit while the effect of cleaning the surface of the photovoltaic module is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to an automatic cleaning device. Background Art

[0002] Large photovoltaic power stations constructed with photovoltaic modules are greatly affected by the surrounding natural environment. For example, dust easily adheres to photovoltaic modules, thereby blocking the photovoltaic modules from receiving solar radiation, resulting in a decline in photovoltaic power generation. Another example is that affected by the temperature of the construction site, when the photovoltaic modules exceed a certain temperature, the higher the temperature, the less power generation per unit time.

[0003] In the related technology, a cleaning water source is usually set up near the photovoltaic power station, and the photovoltaic modules are manually cleaned by spraying water guns. However, this method is not only labor-intensive and time-consuming, but also increases water bills, which in turn increases the cost of electricity. In addition, there is still the problem of excessively high temperature of the photovoltaic modules, which leads to a decrease in power generation, which is not conducive to improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, the present application provides an automated cleaning device to solve the technical problem of how to balance the effect of cleaning the surface of photovoltaic components while reducing costs and improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

[0005] The present application provides an automatic cleaning device, including a support frame, a water pump, a nozzle, a temperature sensor and a controller, wherein the support frame includes a column and a receiving frame, wherein the receiving frame is connected to the column and is inclined, and the receiving frame is used to lay and support photovoltaic modules, wherein a plurality of nozzles are installed on the support frame and are connected to the water pump, wherein the temperature sensor is connected to the receiving frame and is used to detect the temperature of the photovoltaic module, wherein the controller is connected to the water pump and is used to control the operation of the water pump according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor.

[0006] In one embodiment, the receiving frame includes a plurality of transverse bars and a plurality of longitudinal bars, wherein the plurality of transverse bars are parallel to each other, the plurality of longitudinal bars are parallel to each other, the transverse bars are perpendicular to the longitudinal bars, and the transverse bars located at the lowermost end of the receiving frame and / or the transverse bars located at the uppermost end of the receiving frame are provided with the nozzle.

[0007] In one of the embodiments, the installation spacing of the nozzles on the transverse strips is 1.5m to 2.3m.

[0008] In one of the embodiments, the support frame further includes a plurality of support bars, and at least one of the support bars is provided with the nozzle.

[0009] In one embodiment, the supporting bar includes a first bar and a second bar, the first bar is connected between the receiving frame and the column, the second bar is connected between the adjacent columns, and at least one of the first bar and the second bar is provided with the nozzle.

[0010] In one embodiment, a plurality of nozzles installed on the transverse bars form a front spray system, and a plurality of nozzles installed on the supporting bars form a back spray system, wherein the front spray system is used to spray the front of the photovoltaic module, and the back spray system is used to spray the back of the photovoltaic module.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, a calculation module for quantifying the levelized cost of electricity is provided in the controller, and the calculation module can calculate the benefit brought by the front spray system when spraying the front of the photovoltaic module, and can calculate the benefit brought by the back spray system when spraying the back of the photovoltaic module.

[0012] In one embodiment, the calculation module calculates the benefit brought by the front spray system when cleaning the front side of the photovoltaic module as M1, and the calculation module calculates the benefit brought by the back spray system when cleaning the back side of the photovoltaic module as M2. When M1 is greater than M2, the controller controls the front spray system to spray the front side of the photovoltaic module; when M1 is less than M2, the controller controls the back spray system to spray the back side of the photovoltaic module.

[0013] In one embodiment, each of the plurality of nozzles is provided with an electrically controlled valve, and the electrically controlled valve is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is used to control the opening or closing of the electrically controlled valve.

[0014] In one embodiment, when the controller receives a signal that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds a first preset temperature, the controller controls the nozzles in the back spray system to spray the back of the photovoltaic module; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature drops to a second preset temperature, the controller controls the nozzles in the back spray system to stop spraying, wherein the second preset temperature is lower than the first preset temperature.

[0015] The above-mentioned automatic cleaning device detects the temperature of the photovoltaic module through the temperature sensor, so that the controller controls the water pump to work according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, and then makes the timing of the water pump spraying water through multiple nozzles associated with the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, thereby avoiding the waste of water resources caused by the continuous spraying of water by the nozzle. Since the photovoltaic module can be cleaned during the spraying process of the nozzle, and the water sprayed by the nozzle can also cool the photovoltaic module, the automatic cleaning device of the present application can ensure the effect of cleaning the photovoltaic module, and at the same time, it can prevent the temperature of the photovoltaic module from being too high by cooling the photovoltaic module, thereby increasing the power generation, achieving the purpose of taking into account the effect of cleaning the surface of the photovoltaic module while reducing the cost and improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the related technical descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, drawings of other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame structure of an automatic cleaning device according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a functional block diagram of an automatic cleaning device according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Description of reference numerals:

[0020] 10. Photovoltaic module; 101. Front; 102. Back; 1. Support frame; 11. Post; 12. Support frame; 121. Horizontal bar; 122. Longitudinal bar; 13. Support bar; 131. First bar; 132. Second bar; 2. Water pump; 3. Nozzle; 31. Front spray system; 32. Back spray system; 4. Temperature sensor; 5. Controller; 51. Computing module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0022] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time.

[0023] The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementations.

[0024] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0026] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an automatic cleaning device provided by an embodiment of the present application can clean the surface of a photovoltaic module 10 and cool the photovoltaic module 10. The automatic cleaning device includes a support frame 1, a water pump 2, a nozzle 3, a temperature sensor 4 and a controller 5. The support frame 1 includes a column 11 and a receiving frame 12. The receiving frame 12 is connected to the column 11, and the receiving frame 12 is inclined. The receiving frame 12 is used to lay and support the photovoltaic module 10. A plurality of nozzles 3 are installed on the support frame 1 and connected to the water pump 2. The temperature sensor 4 is connected to the receiving frame 12. The temperature sensor 4 is used to detect the temperature of the photovoltaic module 10. The controller 5 is connected to the water pump 2. The controller 5 is used to control the operation of the water pump 2 according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 4.

[0027] The automatic cleaning device of the present application detects the temperature of the photovoltaic module 10 through the temperature sensor 4, so that the controller 5 controls the water pump 2 to work according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 4, and then makes the timing of the water pump 2 spraying water through multiple nozzles 3 associated with the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 4, thereby avoiding the waste of water resources caused by the continuous spraying of water by the nozzle 3. Since the photovoltaic module 10 can be cleaned during the spraying process of the nozzle 3, and the water sprayed by the nozzle 3 can also cool down the photovoltaic module 10, therefore, the automatic cleaning device of the present application can ensure the effect of cleaning the photovoltaic module 10, and at the same time, it can prevent the temperature of the photovoltaic module 10 from being too high by cooling the photovoltaic module 10, thereby increasing the power generation, achieving the purpose of taking into account the effect of cleaning the surface of the photovoltaic module 10 while reducing the cost and improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

[0028] The receiving frame 12 includes a plurality of transverse bars 121 and a plurality of longitudinal bars 122, wherein the plurality of transverse bars 121 are parallel to each other, the plurality of longitudinal bars 122 are parallel to each other, and the transverse bars 121 and the longitudinal bars 122 are perpendicular to each other. The receiving frame 12 is assembled by connecting the bars in a horizontal and vertical arrangement, which is convenient to process and has a firm structure to stably support the photovoltaic module 10.

[0029] Furthermore, a plurality of nozzles 3 are mounted on the transverse strip 121. Thus, the transverse strip 121 itself is used as a water pipe to deliver water to the nozzles 3 mounted on the transverse strip 121. In this embodiment, the transverse strip 121 is fully utilized as a water pipe to deliver water, so as to reduce the amount of water pipes used when laying pipes between the nozzles 3 and the water pump 2, thereby further reducing the cost.

[0030] It should be noted that there are many possible installation positions of the nozzles 3, and it is only necessary to install multiple nozzles 3 at appropriate positions of the receiving frame 12 to spray water on the photovoltaic module 10. For example, in some embodiments, the transverse bar 121 at the bottom of the receiving frame 12 and / or the transverse bar 121 at the top of the receiving frame 12 are provided with nozzles 3. When the water flows through the transverse bar 121, it will flow out through the corresponding nozzles 3 on the transverse bar 121 to achieve a water spraying effect.

[0031] When the nozzle 3 is installed on the transverse bar 121, the transverse bar 121 is provided with a corresponding installation hole, so as to use the installation hole to install the nozzle 3. The installation spacing of the nozzles 3 on the transverse bar 121 can be 1.5m to 2.3m, specifically 1.5m, 1.8m, 2.0m or 2.3m. In this embodiment, the installation spacing of the nozzles 3 is set to 1.5m to 2.3m, so that the distance between the nozzles 3 is not too large, which causes some positions of the photovoltaic module 10 to be unable to be sprayed, and at the same time, it is avoided that the installation spacing of the nozzles 3 is too small to cause uneven spraying in some areas. Through this setting, the nozzles 3 can spray different areas of the photovoltaic module 10 evenly, so as to ensure the spraying effect of the photovoltaic module 10 while saving the number of nozzles 3 as much as possible, and reduce the situation where the nozzles 3 spray the same position of the photovoltaic module 10, so as to save water resources.

[0032] The installation spacing between the nozzles 3 can be consistent. For example, a mounting hole is set every 1.5m on the transverse strip 121 at the bottom of the receiving frame 12, so that after the nozzles 3 are installed at the mounting holes, the spacing between adjacent nozzles 3 is 1.5m. For another example, a mounting hole is set every 2.0m on the transverse strip 121 at the bottom of the receiving frame 12, so that after the nozzles 3 are installed at the mounting holes, the spacing between adjacent nozzles 3 is 2.0m. Correspondingly, a mounting hole is set every 2.3m on the transverse strip 121 at the bottom of the receiving frame 12, so that after the nozzles 3 are installed at the mounting holes, the spacing between adjacent nozzles 3 is 2.3m.

[0033] In some embodiments, the installation spacing between the nozzles 3 may also be inconsistent, that is, the distance between two adjacent nozzles 3 may be different from the distance between another two adjacent nozzles 3. For example, in some embodiments, a plurality of nozzles 3 are installed on the transverse bar 121 at the bottom of the receiving frame 12, wherein the spacing between two adjacent nozzles 3 in one group is 1.5 mm, and the spacing between two adjacent nozzles 3 in another group is 2.3 mm.

[0034] Understandably, a plurality of nozzles 3 may be installed on the transverse bar 121 at the uppermost end of the receiving frame 12, and the installation spacing between the nozzles 3 is 1.5m to 2.3m, specifically 1.5m, 1.8m, 2.0m or 2.3m. The installation spacing between the nozzles 3 is not limited here.

[0035] The spray head 3 on the transverse strip 121 can be a rotating spray head, so as to expand the spray coverage by utilizing the rotating action of the rotating spray head. In some embodiments, the rotating spray head can rotate within an angle range of 0°-180°.

[0036] In some embodiments, the support frame 1 further includes a plurality of support bars 13 , which can be used to provide reinforcement and improve the structural stability of the support frame 1 , thereby facilitating the receiving frame 12 to stably support the photovoltaic module 10 .

[0037] At least one of the supporting bars 13 is provided with a nozzle 3 to meet the need of spraying the back side 102 of the photovoltaic module 10. In some embodiments, the supporting bars 13 include a first bar 131 and a second bar 132, wherein the first bar 131 is connected between the receiving frame 12 and the column 11, and the second bar 132 is connected between adjacent columns 11. At least one of the first bar 131 and the second bar 132 is provided with a nozzle 3.

[0038] In some embodiments, the nozzles 3 on the first and second bars 131 and 132 may be shower nozzles, so that a fixed area is sprayed with the shower nozzles. In some embodiments, the nozzles 3 on the first and second bars 131 and 132 may also be rotating nozzles, so that the spraying is performed by rotating to increase the spraying coverage area.

[0039] It should be noted that the installation position of the nozzle 3 on the first sandalwood bar 131 or the second sandalwood bar 132 can be the middle or the two ends. The installation position of the nozzle 3 on the first sandalwood bar 131 or the second sandalwood bar 132 and the type of the nozzle 3 are not limited here.

[0040] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic assembly 10 laid on the receiving frame 12 is connected to a junction box, and the junction box has a positive electrode and a negative electrode for electrically connecting to the photovoltaic assembly 10. The junction box is connected to the receiving frame 12, and the junction box is located on the back side 102 of the photovoltaic assembly 10, so as not to block the photovoltaic assembly 10 from receiving solar radiation. The temperature sensor 4 can be arranged on the junction box, so that when the junction box is connected to the receiving frame 12, the temperature sensor 4 can be installed and fixed.

[0041] It should be noted that the installation position of the temperature sensor 4 on the receiving frame 12 can be close to the middle area of ​​the photovoltaic module 10, or it can be set at the edge area of ​​the photovoltaic module 10. There is no limitation on the installation position and installation method of the temperature sensor 4, as long as the temperature sensor 4 can measure the temperature of the photovoltaic module 10.

[0042] The water pump 2 may be installed at a water source such as a lake, a pond, a well, etc. near the support frame 1. The installation location of the water pump 2 is not limited here.

[0043] The multiple nozzles 3 installed on the transverse strips 121 of the receiving frame 12 form a front spray system 31, and the multiple nozzles 3 installed on the supporting strips 13 form a back spray system 32. It should be noted that the front 101 of the photovoltaic module 10 refers to the side of the photovoltaic module 10 that receives solar radiation, and correspondingly, the back 102 of the photovoltaic module 10 refers to the side of the photovoltaic module 10 that faces away from the sun when receiving solar radiation. Since the nozzle 3 is connected to the water pump 2, the water pump 2 can supply water to the nozzles 3 in the front spray system 31, and can also supply water to the nozzles 3 in the back spray system 32. In this way, the front spray system 31 can be used to spray the front 101 of the photovoltaic module 10 to clean the front 101 of the photovoltaic module 10. The back spray system 32 can be used to spray the back 102 of the photovoltaic module 10 to cool the photovoltaic module 10.

[0044] In some embodiments, a calculation module 51 for quantifying LCOE (Levelized Cost of Energy) is provided in the controller 5, and the calculation module 51 is used to calculate the benefits brought by the automatic cleaning device when spraying the front 101 and the back 102 of the photovoltaic module 10. Specifically, the calculation module 51 can calculate the benefits brought by the front spray system 31 when spraying the front 101 of the photovoltaic module 10, and can calculate the benefits brought by the back spray system 32 when spraying the back 102 of the photovoltaic module 10. In this way, by comparing the benefits brought by spraying the front 101 and the back 102 of the photovoltaic module 10, the controller 5 can finely control the spraying operations of the front spray system 31 and the back spray system 32. For example, the calculation module 51 calculates the benefit brought by the front spray system 31 of the automatic cleaning device when cleaning the front 101 of the photovoltaic module 10 as M1, and the calculation module 51 calculates the benefit brought by the back spray system 32 of the automatic cleaning device when cleaning the back 102 of the photovoltaic module 10 as M2. When M1 is greater than M2, the controller 5 controls the front spray system 31 to spray the front 101 of the photovoltaic module 10; when M1 is less than M2, the controller 5 controls the back spray system 32 to spray the back 102 of the photovoltaic module 10. In this embodiment, the benefits brought by spraying the front 101 and the back 102 of the photovoltaic module 10 are determined by the calculation module 51, and the controller 5 controls the front spray system 31 or the back spray system 32 to perform the spraying operation according to the data calculated by the calculation module 51, so as to maximize the benefits, further reduce the cost per kilowatt-hour, and improve the benefits of photovoltaic power generation.

[0045] The plurality of spray heads 3 are all provided with an electric control valve, which is electrically connected to the controller 5. The controller 5 is used to control the electric control valve to open or close, so as to control the spray heads 3 in the front spray system 31 or the back spray system 32 to spray or stop spraying.

[0046] In some embodiments, a regular cleaning mode may be set in the controller 5 . For example, the controller 5 controls the front spray system 31 to clean the front surface 101 of the photovoltaic module 10 once every 3 hours.

[0047] The controller 5 can receive weather forecast information and adjust the working state of the front spray system 31 or the back spray system 32 according to the antenna forecast information to realize intelligent spraying operation.

[0048] The duration of the spraying operation of the front spray system 31 and the back spray system 32 can be set in the automatic cleaning device in a preset manner. For example, in some embodiments, the controller 5 controls the front spray system 31 to clean for 20 minutes, and the nozzles 3 on the lowermost transverse bar 121 and the nozzles 3 on the uppermost transverse bar 121 in the front spray system 31 rotate 180° in an interlaced manner.

[0049] The process of the nozzle 3 located on the oblique supporting purlin in the back spray system 32 spraying the back 102 of the photovoltaic module 10 can be as follows: when the controller 5 receives the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 4 exceeding the first preset temperature, the controller 5 controls the nozzle 3 in the back spray system 32 to spray the back 102 of the photovoltaic module 10 to achieve physical cooling, thereby increasing the power generation. When the temperature sensor 4 detects that the temperature drops to the second preset temperature, the controller 5 controls the nozzle 3 in the back spray system 32 to stop spraying, wherein the second preset temperature is lower than the first preset temperature. In this way, spraying can be stopped when the temperature drops to the second preset temperature to reduce the waste of water resources and reduce costs.

[0050] Regarding the control process of the front spray system 31 and the back spray system 32 performing the spraying operation, the operator can pre-configure the controller 5 according to the needs, which will not be described in detail here.

[0051] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0052] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An automatic cleaning device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a support frame (1), a water pump (2), a nozzle (3), a temperature sensor (4) and a controller (5), wherein the support frame (1) comprises a column (11) and a receiving frame (12), wherein the receiving frame (12) is connected to the column (11) and is arranged in an inclined manner, and is used for laying and supporting a photovoltaic module (10); a plurality of nozzles (3) are mounted on the support frame (1) and are connected to the water pump (2); the temperature sensor (4) is connected to the receiving frame (12), and is used for detecting the temperature of the photovoltaic module (10); the controller (5) is connected to the water pump (2), and is used for controlling the operation of the water pump (2) according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor (4).

2. The automatic cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving frame (12) comprises a plurality of transverse strips (121) and a plurality of longitudinal strips (122), wherein the plurality of transverse strips (121) are parallel to each other, the plurality of longitudinal strips (122) are parallel to each other, the transverse strips (121) and the longitudinal strips (122) are perpendicular to each other, and the transverse strips (121) at the bottom end of the receiving frame (12) and / or the transverse strips (121) at the top end of the receiving frame (12) are provided with the nozzle (3).

3. The automatic cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The installation spacing of the nozzles (3) on the transverse strips (121) is 1.5 m to 2.3 m.

4. The automatic cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support frame (1) further comprises a plurality of support bars (13), at least one of the support bars (13) being provided with the spray head (3).

5. The automatic cleaning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The supporting bar (13) comprises a first bar (131) and a second bar (132), wherein the first bar (131) is connected between the receiving frame (12) and the column (11), and the second bar (132) is connected between adjacent columns (11), and at least one of the first bar (131) and the second bar (132) is provided with the nozzle (3).

6. The automatic cleaning device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: A plurality of nozzles (3) installed on the transverse beam (121) form a front spray system (31), and a plurality of nozzles (3) installed on the supporting beam (13) form a back spray system (32), wherein the front spray system (31) is used to spray the front surface (101) of the photovoltaic module (10), and the back spray system (32) is used to spray the back surface (102) of the photovoltaic module (10).

7. The automatic cleaning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The controller (5) is provided with a calculation module (51) for quantifying the levelized cost of electricity. The calculation module (51) is capable of calculating the benefits brought by the front spraying system (31) spraying the front surface (101) of the photovoltaic module (10), and is capable of calculating the benefits brought by the back spraying system (32) spraying the back surface (102) of the photovoltaic module (10).

8. The automatic cleaning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The calculation module (51) calculates the benefit brought by the front spray system (31) when cleaning the front side (101) of the photovoltaic module (10) as M1, and the calculation module (51) calculates the benefit brought by the back spray system (32) when cleaning the back side (102) of the photovoltaic module (10) as M2. When M1 is greater than M2, the controller (5) controls the front spray system (31) to spray the front side (101) of the photovoltaic module (10); when M1 is less than M2, the controller (5) controls the back spray system (32) to spray the back side (102) of the photovoltaic module (10).

9. The automatic cleaning device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The plurality of nozzles (3) are each provided with an electrically controlled valve, the electrically controlled valve being electrically connected to the controller (5), and the controller (5) being used to control the opening or closing of the electrically controlled valve.

10. The automatic cleaning device according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the controller (5) receives a signal that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor (4) exceeds a first preset temperature, the controller (5) controls the nozzle (3) in the back spray system (32) to spray the back side (102) of the photovoltaic module (10); when the temperature sensor (4) detects that the temperature drops to a second preset temperature, the controller (5) controls the nozzle (3) in the back spray system (32) to stop spraying, wherein the second preset temperature is lower than the first preset temperature.

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