Compact direct drinking water preparation device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of direct drinking water treatment, and particularly relates to a compact direct drinking water preparation device which comprises an exchange column, a top water distribution and collection pipe and a bottom water distribution and collection pipe. The middle part of the exchange column is filled with zeolite particles; a bottom water distributing and collecting pipe is arranged at the bottom of the exchange column, and an emptying valve is arranged on the outer side wall of the bottom; a top water distributing and collecting pipe is arranged at the top of the exchange column and is respectively connected with a water inlet switching valve, a wastewater drainage valve and a NaCl solution inlet valve; the bottom water distribution and collection pipe is respectively connected with a qualified water outlet valve, an unqualified water outlet valve and a flushing switching valve, natural zeolite particles are used as a filter material to filter a natural water source, suspended particles, heavy metals, calcium, magnesium, ammonia and other harmful ions are removed at one time, and the direct drinking water standard is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of direct drinking water treatment, and relates to a compact direct drinking water preparation device. Background Art

[0002] Direct drinking water refers to purified water that meets the "Drinking Water Quality Standard" (CJ94-2005) and can be directly drunk. At present, municipal tap water in my country cannot meet the "Drinking Water Quality Standard". The conventional process of preparing direct drinking water from municipal tap water and high-quality surface water sources is as follows:

[0003]

[0004] The conventional process can be divided into three parts:

[0005] (1) The suspended matter treatment process includes: coarse filtration (quartz sand), activated carbon filtration, and security filtration to complete the filtration and removal of water-insoluble suspended matter (silt) and the adsorption and removal of large molecular organic matter.

[0006] (2) Soluble ion treatment process: Separate and remove substances soluble in water (ionic compounds). Commonly used treatment processes include: reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, and ion exchange resin.

[0007] (3) Post-treatment process: complete the deep disinfection of bacteria, viruses, native plants and animals, and algae, and the deep oxidation and decomposition of organic matter, as well as water quality adjustment. The treatment process includes: adding strong oxidants such as ozone or chlorine dioxide or some minerals beneficial to the human body.

[0008] The existing conventional process has a long process flow, complex equipment configuration and large one-time investment. Utility Model Content

[0009] The existing conventional process for direct drinking water is long, the equipment configuration is complex, and the one-time investment is large.

[0010] This application develops a compact direct drinking water preparation method and device, which combines the existing conventional suspended solids treatment process and soluble ion treatment process in one device and completes them at one time, with a simple equipment system. Its technical solution is:

[0011] A compact direct drinking water preparation device comprises an exchange column, a top water distribution and water collection pipe and a bottom water distribution and water collection pipe; the middle part of the exchange column is filled with zeolite particles; a bottom water distribution and water collection pipe is provided at the bottom of the exchange column, and an emptying valve is provided on the outer side wall of the bottom; a top water distribution and water collection pipe is provided at the top of the exchange column, and the top water distribution and water collection pipe is respectively connected to a water inlet switching valve, a wastewater drainage valve, and a NaCl solution inlet valve; the bottom water distribution and water collection pipe is respectively connected to a qualified water outlet valve, an unqualified water outlet valve, and a flushing switching valve.

[0012] Preferably, the height-to-diameter ratio of the exchange column is ≥4.

[0013] Preferably, the zeolite particles have a porosity of ≥20% and a specific surface area of ​​≥25 m 2 / g; adsorption capacity ≥ 0.1cm 3 / g.

[0014] Preferably, the zeolite particles are clinoptilolite, the crystals are in the form of flakes or plates, and the aggregates are in the form of radial or hairs; the particle size of the zeolite particles is controlled to be 0.5 to 2 mm.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The natural zeolite described in the present application is clinoptilolite, the crystals are in the form of flakes or plates, and the aggregates are in the form of radial and hairs. The above conditions make the natural zeolite have very high strength. After being filled into the exchange column, it will not break under repeated filtering and backwashing operations and can operate stably for a long time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application.

[0018] 1. Exchange column; 2. Zeolite particles; 3. Top water distribution and collection pipe; 4. Bottom water distribution and collection pipe; 5. Raw water inlet valve; 6. Qualified water outlet valve; 7. Unqualified water outlet valve; 8. Inlet switching valve; 9. Flushing switching valve; 10. Wastewater drainage valve; 11. NaCl solution inlet valve; 12. Drain valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the content of this patent easier to understand, the patent is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] The diameter of the exchange column is set to 500 mm, the height of the exchange column is set to 2500 mm, and the height-to-diameter ratio is set to 5. The particle size of a natural clinoptilolite that meets the conditions after crushing is 0.5-2 mm.

[0021] The bulk density of the natural clinoptilolite particles was measured to be 1.2 g / cm 3 , can be filled with zeolite volume 0.49m 3 , 588.75Kg can be loaded.

[0022] The ion exchange capacity of the natural clinoptilolite particles was measured to be 1.25 mmol / g, the total filling amount of the zeolite particles was 588.75 kg, the total theoretical ion exchange capacity of the system was 735.94 mol, and the total theoretical ion exchange capacity calculated based on ammonia was 13.25 kg ammonia.

[0023] The adsorption capacity of the natural clinoptilolite particles was measured to be 0.15 cm3 / g, theoretical adsorption capacity of suspended matter: 88.31 liters, dry basis density in suspended matter solution is 0.25, theoretical total adsorption capacity of suspended matter: 22.08Kg suspended matter.

[0024] The raw water to be treated is set to be close to Class 3 surface water, with an ammonia nitrogen concentration of 1.0 mg / l and suspended solids of 20 mg / l. The ammonia nitrogen concentration of the treated drinking water is ≤ 0.5 mg / l, and the suspended solids concentration is ≤ 1 mg / l. The filtration speed is 10 m / h, i.e. 1.96 tons / hour.

[0025] The present application adopts a conventional exchange column system, and the exchange column is filled with natural zeolite particles. The natural zeolite described in the present application is clinoptilolite, and the crystals are in the form of flakes or plates, and the aggregates are in the form of radial and hair. The above conditions make the natural zeolite have high strength. After being filled into the exchange column, it will not break under repeated operations of filtering and backwashing, and can operate stably for a long time.

[0026] The present application adopts a conventional exchange column system, the height-to-diameter ratio of the exchange column is ≥4, and the natural zeolite particles filled are controlled to be 0.5-2 mm. Under this condition, the fluidity of the raw water through the exchange column can be well maintained, and the raw water can complete good and sufficient contact with the natural zeolite particles when passing through the exchange column, and the adsorption of suspended matter in the raw water in the natural zeolite micropores and the exchange with the natural zeolite cations can be completed.

[0027] The porosity of the natural clinoptilolite described in this application is ≥20%; the specific surface area is ≥25m 2 / g; adsorption capacity ≥ 0.1cm 3 / g. The pore size of natural clinoptilolite is 0.1 to 1.0 nanometers, which can effectively filter or adsorb suspended matter in raw water. Natural clinoptilolite that meets the above conditions has a suitable adsorption capacity to adsorb suspended matter in raw water when raw water passes through the exchange column.

[0028] The ion exchange capacity of the natural clinoptilolite described in the present application is ≥1.2mmol / g; the chemical formula of the natural clinoptilolite is Na(AlSi5O 12 )·4H2O, natural clinoptilolite is composed of a super-large negatively charged matrix of silicon-oxygen tetrahedrons and aluminum-oxygen tetrahedrons. In order to maintain neutrality, positively charged cations are bound to the surface of the super-large negatively charged matrix. Under natural conditions, positively charged cations can be alkali metal and alkaline earth metal ions, such as Na, Ca, Sr, Ba, K, Mg and other metal ions. Under aqueous solution conditions, cations on the surface of the super-large negatively charged matrix can undergo ion exchange with other cations in the aqueous solution. The ion exchange capacity of natural clinoptilolite is the maximum capacity for ion exchange between cations on the surface of the super-large negatively charged matrix and other cations in the aqueous solution under aqueous solution conditions.

[0029] The present application uses sodium chloride solution to soak natural clinoptilolite to activate the exchange capacity of cations on the surface of the super-large negatively charged matrix on the one hand, and replace all cations on the surface of the natural clinoptilolite with sodium ions on the other hand. When the raw water passes through the natural clinoptilolite in the exchange column, the following ion exchange reaction occurs:

[0030]

[0031] Where: R: a super-large negatively charged matrix composed of silicon-oxygen tetrahedrons and aluminum-oxygen tetrahedrons

[0032] M: Soluble cations in aqueous solution, including: Ca 2+ Mg 2+ NH4 + wait.

[0033] When the natural clinoptilolite ion exchange is saturated, it is regenerated with sodium chloride solution. The ion exchange reaction is:

[0034]

[0035] When applying for normal filtration, the filtration flow rate is ≤10m / h; the backwash flow rate is ≥20m / h.

[0036] Specifically, 588.75 kg of zeolite particles are soaked in a saturated sodium chloride solution for more than 24 hours, the soaked zeolite particles are taken out and loaded into the exchange column, the raw water inlet valve 5 is opened, the water inlet switching valve 8 is closed, the flushing switching valve 9 is opened, the wastewater discharge valve 10 is opened, and the raw water flow rate is controlled to 10 m / h, that is, 1.96 tons / hour, and the sodium chloride is flushed until the sodium chloride concentration of the outlet water is less than 3 mg / l. The system is switched to forward filtration, that is, the water inlet switching valve 8 is opened, the flushing switching valve 9 is closed, the wastewater discharge valve 10 is closed, and the unqualified water outlet valve 7 is opened until the ammonium ion concentration of the outflowing water is ≦0.5 mg / l, and the suspended matter concentration index is ≦1 mg / l. The outlet water is regarded as qualified direct drinking water, the unqualified water outlet valve 7 is closed, and the qualified water outlet valve 6 is opened, and flows into the direct drinking water supply system.

[0037] Online detection of the ammonium ion concentration and suspended solids concentration of the effluent water. If the ammonium ion concentration of the effluent water is ≥0.5 mg / l, or the suspended solids concentration index is ≥1 mg / l, switch the system to backwashing, close the water inlet switching valve 8, open the flushing switching valve 9, open the wastewater discharge valve 10, control the raw water flow rate to 20 m / h, i.e. 3.93 tons / hour, until the suspended solids concentration of the backwash water is ≤50 mg / l, stop backwashing, close the raw water inlet valve 5, open the NaCl solution inlet valve 11, switch to the saturated sodium chloride solution, and pass the flow rate of 5 m / h, i.e. 0.98 tons / hour, until the outlet sodium chloride solution concentration is ≥300 g / l, close the NaCl solution inlet valve 11, stop passing the saturated sodium chloride solution, and after soaking for 8 hours, open the drain valve 12 to drain the sodium chloride solution in the exchange column. Repeat the reverse flow of raw water, that is, open the raw water inlet valve 5, control the raw water flow rate to 10m / h, that is, 1.96 tons / hour, and flush the sodium chloride until the sodium chloride concentration of the outlet water is less than 3mg / l. The system switches to forward filtration, that is, open the water inlet switching valve 8, close the flushing switching valve 9, close the wastewater discharge valve 10, open the unqualified water outlet valve 7, until the ammonium ion concentration of the outlet water is ≤0.5mg / l, and the suspended matter concentration index is ≤1mg / l, the outlet water is regarded as qualified direct drinking water, close the unqualified water outlet valve 7, open the qualified water outlet valve 6, and flow into the direct drinking water supply system.

[0038] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A compact direct drinking water preparation device, characterized in that: It includes an exchange column, a top water distribution and water collection pipe and a bottom water distribution and water collection pipe; the middle part of the exchange column is filled with zeolite particles; a bottom water distribution and water collection pipe is provided at the bottom of the exchange column, and an emptying valve is provided on the outer side wall of the bottom; a top water distribution and water collection pipe is provided at the top of the exchange column, and the top water distribution and water collection pipe is respectively connected to a water inlet switching valve, a wastewater drainage valve, and a NaCl solution inlet valve; the bottom water distribution and water collection pipe is respectively connected to a qualified water outlet valve, an unqualified water outlet valve, and a flushing switching valve.

2. A compact direct drinking water preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height-to-diameter ratio of the exchange column is ≥4.

3. A compact direct drinking water preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Zeolite particle porosity ≥ 20%; specific surface area ≥ 25m 2 / g; adsorption capacity ≥ 0.1cm 3 / g.

4. A compact direct drinking water preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The zeolite particles are clinoptilolite, the crystals are in the form of flakes or plates, and the aggregates are in the form of radials or hairs; the particle size of the zeolite particles is controlled to be 0.5 to 2 mm.

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