Tamping mechanism as well as frame type tamping device and railway ballast tamping equipment comprising tamping mechanism

Abstract

The tamping mechanism comprises a connecting frame, and tamping units are connected to the two ends of the connecting frame correspondingly; the tamping unit comprises a box body, and a left pickaxe arm and a right pickaxe arm which are hinged and supported on the box body; the box body is inverted-Y-shaped, the left and right ends of the box body are respectively hinged to the middle parts of the left and right pickaxe arm components, the upper part supports the eccentric crankshaft component, and one side surface of the box body is provided with a mounting surface connected with the connecting frame; the eccentric crankshaft part comprises eccentric crankshafts which form hinge pairs with the inner ends of the cylinder bodies of the left clamping oil cylinder and the right clamping oil cylinder respectively; the left and right clamping oil cylinders comprise left and right piston rods of which the extending ends are respectively hinged with the upper parts of the left and right pickaxe arms; the lower portion of each pickaxe arm is provided with a pair of pickaxe feet stretching across one steel rail. The utility model further discloses a frame type tamping device comprising the mechanism and railway ballast tamping equipment. The power source is concentrated, the speed is high, synchronism is good, the frame is more stable, the service life is long, the failure rate is low, the structure is simple, and maintenance is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of rail transit technology, and in particular, to a tamping mechanism, and also to a lightweight frame-type tamping device containing the tamping mechanism, and a ballast tamping device with a small excavator using the lightweight frame-type tamping device. Background Art

[0002] The inventor searched and found that the Chinese patent document with application number 202010100502.7 and title "A tamping device for railway ballast" has made some innovative improvements in lightweight, convenient use and quick maintenance compared with the existing small liquid tamping device, but there are still the following problems: 1) Its tamping unit still adopts the working principle of small liquid tamping: that is, the eccentric wheel directly drives the tamping unit to vibrate, so that the whole mechanism swings together, so that the tamping pick produces a certain amplitude. Because after the insertion operation, as the resistance of the roadbed increases, the swing amplitude will decrease accordingly, so the tamping effect is not ideal; 2) Its left and right tamping units each use a vertical lifting cylinder to complete the insertion action, the power source is not centralized, the number and complexity of parts are increased, maintenance and overhaul are inconvenient, and ultimately the cost is high; 3) It uses 4 guide columns to guide the lifting of the tamping unit, and the guide sleeves are arranged on both sides of the tamping unit, which makes it inconvenient to disassemble, repair and replace the tamping unit; 4) Its rail clamping components need to be manually disassembled and switched when in the non-operating state and the operating state, with a low degree of automation and increased labor intensity.

[0003] At present, the small liquid tamping devices commonly used in railway maintenance need to be manually installed in advance when going up and down the track, and human assistance is required to enter the track. During operation, one person is required on each side of the device to manually operate the reversing valve handle to complete the insertion and clamping of the left and right tamping units, and the forward movement of the tamping device also needs to be pushed by manpower. The overall labor intensity is relatively high, the degree of automation is low, and the stability is poor. In addition, the tamping unit vibrates due to the direct drive of the eccentric wheel, and the tamping effect is poor.

[0004] The applicant applied for invention patent 202311109445.9 on August 31, 2023, for a tamping unit and a frame-type tamping device and ballast tamping equipment containing the unit. The patent is currently under review, but the patent still has shortcomings such as heavy weight and complex structure.

[0005] Therefore, this application is a further innovation based on the existing technology, which solves the technical problems of the existing tamping equipment, such as complex structure, heavy volume, low degree of automation, high labor intensity and poor tamping effect. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present application provides a frame-type tamping device to replace the small liquid tamping device, which can be combined with a road-rail excavator to complete up and down road, forward movement and tamping operations, etc. The overall labor intensity is low, the flexibility is high, the stability is good, and it can solve several problems mentioned in the above application. While achieving tamping efficiency, quality and tamping stability, the overall cost is reduced.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a tamping mechanism, comprising:

[0008] A connecting frame, with tamping units connected to both ends;

[0009] A tamping unit comprising a box body and left and right pick arms hinged on the box body;

[0010] The box body is in an inverted Y shape, with the left and right ends of the box body respectively hinged to the middle of the left and right pickaxe arm components, and the upper part supports the eccentric crankshaft component, and one side of the box body is provided with a first mounting surface connected to the connecting frame;

[0011] The eccentric crankshaft component comprises an eccentric crankshaft which is respectively connected to the inner ends of the left and right clamping cylinders to form an articulated pair;

[0012] The left and right clamping cylinders include left and right piston rods whose outward ends are respectively hinged to the upper parts of the left and right pickaxe arms;

[0013] The left and right pick arms have a pair of pick feet across a steel rail at the bottom of each pick arm.

[0014] Preferably, the box body is composed of a lower box body that is roughly in an inverted V shape and an upper box body that is matched and fixedly connected to the top of the lower box body.

[0015] Preferably, the lower box body comprises two inverted V-shaped plates which are relatively parallel and arranged perpendicular to the axis of the eccentric crankshaft and are fixedly connected in the middle and upper parts by a U-shaped plate, and the upper ends of both sides of the U-shaped plate are respectively fixedly connected to the bearing mounting seats with semicircular concave;

[0016] The upper box body comprises two bow beams whose lower ends are respectively fixedly connected to bearing snap-fit ​​seats with semicircular recesses; the bearing mounting seat and the bearing snap-fit ​​seat are matched to form two coaxial matching holes for mounting the eccentric crankshaft component.

[0017] Preferably, the inverted V-shaped plate is composed of two straight plates connected or fixedly connected, and the bottom of the straight plate is provided with a coaxial through hole corresponding to one of the two ends of the hinged sleeve of the pick arm, and one side of the connection between the two straight plates is provided with the first mounting surface fixedly connected to the connecting frame.

[0018] Preferably, the connecting frame comprises:

[0019] Mounting holes are provided on both side end surfaces of the connecting frame body and are used to connect to the first mounting surface of the box body;

[0020] A guide sleeve, arranged at the left and right ends of the connecting frame body, for installing a guide component;

[0021] The oil cylinder through hole is arranged on the connecting frame between the left and right guide sleeves and is used for the penetration of the lifting oil cylinder components;

[0022] A lifting cylinder passes through the connecting frame, and the end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the connecting frame through a bridge-type mounting seat, and is used to control the lifting and lowering of the tamping mechanism;

[0023] The bridge type mounting seat is arranged at the bottom of the connecting frame and is used for articulating the extended end of the lifting cylinder.

[0024] The present application also protects a frame-type tamping device containing the above-mentioned tamping mechanism, comprising:

[0025] The left and right triangular frames are larger at the bottom and smaller at the top and are arranged on the bottom rectangular support;

[0026] Front and rear cross beams connected to the tops of the left and right triangular frames;

[0027] A supporting crossbeam, arranged in the rectangular support and parallel to the front and rear crossbeams;

[0028] A tamping mechanism is arranged between the left and right triangular frames and the supporting crossbeam through a lifting cylinder and a guide component;

[0029] A lifting cylinder is installed under the front and rear cross beams, and its telescopic end is hinged to the connecting frame to drive the lifting and lowering of the tamping mechanism;

[0030] The guide component passes through the guide sleeve arranged on the connecting frame, one end of which is connected to the bottom of the front and rear beams, and the other end of which is connected to the supporting beam, forming a vertical lifting and moving pair with the guide sleeve.

[0031] Preferably, it also includes left and right longitudinal beams, which are respectively connected to the tops of the left and right triangular frames, and the front and rear cross beams are fixed on the left and right longitudinal beams, and the directions are perpendicular to the left and right longitudinal beams.

[0032] Preferably, a second mounting surface connected to the slewing bearing is provided on the top of the front and rear cross beams, and a bridge-type articulated interface of the lifting cylinder is provided on the front and rear cross beams below the second mounting surface.

[0033] Preferably, it also includes a supporting longitudinal beam arranged inside the rectangular support, and installation interfaces of the guide components are provided on the front and rear cross beams at the intersection of the supporting cross beam and the supporting longitudinal beam and directly above the cross beam.

[0034] Preferably, rail clamping components are respectively provided on the supporting beams located directly below the tamping units.

[0035] Preferably, the rail clamping component includes a cylinder and a rail clamping hook, one end of the cylinder is hinged to the supporting beam, and the other end is hinged to the top of the rail clamping hook, the middle part of the rail clamping hook is hinged and fixed to the pin on the side of the supporting beam, and the rail clamping hook rotates around the pin under the extension and contraction of the cylinder.

[0036] Preferably, the rail clamping component comprises:

[0037] Front and rear L-shaped mounting brackets are fixedly connected to the top of the supporting crossbeam back to back, and vertical waist-shaped holes are opened in the middle of the vertical plates of the front and rear L-shaped mounting brackets;

[0038] The tops of the rail hook 1 and rail hook 2 are respectively hinged to the pins inserted into the waist-shaped holes of the front and rear L-shaped mounting brackets, and the middle parts are respectively hinged to one end of the connecting rod 1 and the connecting rod 2, and the other ends of the connecting rod 1 and the connecting rod 2 are hinged to the pins installed on the side of the supporting beam;

[0039] The elastic connecting piece has one end connected to the pin shaft inserted into the waist-shaped holes of the front and rear L-shaped mounting brackets, and the other end connected to the bottom of the lower box body.

[0040] Preferably, it also includes a locking component connected between the connecting frame and the left and right triangular frames.

[0041] The present application provides a ballast tamping device using the above-mentioned frame-type tamping device, including an excavator, wherein the extended end of the boom of the excavator is connected to the slewing bearing and the hanging ear at the center of the top of the frame of the frame-type tamping device.

[0042] The technical solution provided by this application has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0043] 1. This application is a tamping device based on an excavator. The power source for the tamping operation is input through the excavator, with low labor intensity, high degree of automation and light weight.

[0044] Flexible operation.

[0045] 2. The present application uses the forced vibration generated by the rotation of the eccentric crankshaft component to ultimately transmit to the tamping pick to produce a reciprocating swinging motion. Compared with the vibration principle of a small liquid tamping machine, the tamping effect is better.

[0046] 3. The left and right tamping units of the tamping device of the present application are connected into one by a connecting frame, and the extension and retraction of a single lifting cylinder are used to realize the insertion and lifting actions of the left and right tamping units. The power source is concentrated, the speed is fast, and the synchronization is good, making the frame more stable and having a long service life, a low failure rate, and making the structure simple and easy to maintain.

[0047] 4. This application only uses two guide columns, and the guide sleeves are located on the connecting frame. The left and right tamping units are fixed to the connecting frame by bolts and positioning pins, which facilitates the disassembly, maintenance and replacement of the tamping units.

[0048] 5. A rail clamping hook component is arranged directly below the left and right tamping units of the present application. When switching between working and non-working states, there is no need to disassemble and assemble. Mechanical and hydraulic rail clamping hook installation interfaces are reserved at the bottom of the frame, and can be selected and installed according to needs.

[0049] 6. The tamping device of the present application can be combined with a small road-rail excavator for hoisting and provide power input to realize track travel and ballast tamping, etc. It is flexible in going up and down the track and tamping, has a good tamping effect, and has low labor intensity. It can replace the small liquid tamping device currently used on railways, which requires manual operation of going up and down the track and manual tamping, and has a poor tamping effect. It provides a new solution for railway ballast tamping and has broad market application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tamping device of this application.

[0051] Figure 2 It is a structural front view of the tamping mechanism in the embodiment of the present application.

[0052] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tamping unit structure in the embodiment of the present application.

[0053] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connecting frame in the embodiment of the present application.

[0054] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the framework structure in the embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic rail clamping component in the embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the mechanical rail clamping component in the embodiment of the present application.

[0057] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle rail clamp hook.

[0058] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the working status of the ballast tamping equipment in the embodiment of the present application.

[0059] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the locking component structure in an embodiment of the present application.

[0060] In the figure: tamping mechanism 1, frame 2, lifting cylinder 3, hanging ear 4, slewing bearing 5, locking component 6, guide component 7, rail clamping component 8, running component 9.

[0061] Tamping unit 1-1, box 1-1-1, upper box 1-1-1-1, lower box 1-1-1-2, coaxial hole 1-1-1-3, first mounting surface 1-1-1-4, mounting hole 1-1-1-5, pick arm 1-1-2, eccentric crankshaft component 1-1-3; connecting frame 1-2, side end surface 1-2-1, guide sleeve 1-2-2, locking ear plate 1-2-3, cylinder through hole 1-2-4, bridge mounting seat 1-2-5; positioning pin 1-3, second Mounting surface 2-1, bridge-type articulated interface 2-2, on left and right longitudinal beams 2-3, locking ear plate 1 2-4, rail clamping cylinder mounting seat 2-5, rectangular support 2-6, running component interface 2-7, supporting longitudinal beam 2-8, first mounting interface 2-9; rail clamping hook fixing pin hole 2-10, supporting cross beam 2-11, diagonal column 2-12, tie rod 2-13, second mounting interface 2-14, front and rear cross beams 2-15; rail clamping hook 8-1, cylinder 8-2, wire rope 8-1' L-shaped mounting bracket 8-2', connecting rod 1 8-3', rail hook 1 8-5', connecting rod 2 8-4', rail hook 2 8-6', pin shaft 8-7'. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The present application provides a frame-type lightweight tamping device, such as Figure 1 As shown: it includes a tamping mechanism 1, a frame 2, a lifting cylinder 3, a hanging ear 4, a slewing bearing 5, a locking component 6, a guide component 7, a rail clamping component 8, and a running component 9.

[0063] The tamping mechanism 1 of the present application is connected to the frame 2 through the lifting cylinder 3, and relies on the extension and contraction of the lifting cylinder 3 and the guiding action of the guide component 7 to achieve up and down movement to complete the insertion action. When the lifting cylinder 3 is in the state of no hydraulic power, the tamping mechanism 1 is fixed to the frame 2 through the locking component 6 to avoid the risk of the tamping mechanism 1 falling. The hanging ear 4 is used to articulate the peripheral excavator and other driving equipment. The hanging ear 4 is connected to the frame 2 through the slewing bearing 5, so that the frame 2 and the components fixed on the frame 2 can achieve relative rotational movement of the hanging ear 4 and the peripheral excavator and other driving equipment. A rail clamping component is arranged on the left and right sides of the lower side of the tamping mechanism 1. During the insertion process of the tamping mechanism 1, the rail clamping component hooks the rail to prevent the entire device from being lifted by the return force of the ballast; the running component 9 is arranged in front and behind the tamping unit according to the track gauge, and is hinged to the running component installation interface position at the bottom of the frame 2 through a pin shaft.

[0064] The tamping principle of the present application is basically the same as that of the prior application mentioned in the background technology. The tamping unit relies on an eccentric crankshaft component to achieve vibration, and relies on left and right clamping cylinders to drive the pick arms hinged to the tamping box to achieve clamping action. The eccentric shaft component, clamping cylinder, pick arm, and pick foot structures are all the same and will not be repeated here.

[0065] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments of the specification.

[0066] As shown in Figure 2- Figure 4 As shown: the tamping mechanism 1 in this embodiment is composed of left and right tamping units 1-1 connected into one through a connecting frame 1-2. The tamping unit 1-1 and the connecting frame 1-2 are connected by bolts and a positioning pin 1-3 is added to withstand shear stress. The connection with the positioning pin 1-3 through the bolt connection plays a double protection role.

[0067] The box body 1-1-1 in the tamping unit 1-1 is composed of an upper box body 1-1-1-1 and a lower box body 1-1-1-2 which is roughly inverted V-shaped. The upper box body 1-1-1-1 and the lower box body 1-1-1-2 are snap-fitted together to form a coaxial hole 1-1-1-3 for installing the eccentric crankshaft component 1-1-3. Mounting holes 1-1-1-5 hinged to the middle part of the pick arm 1-1-2 are arranged on both sides of the lower box body 1-1-1-2, and bolt holes and pin holes are provided on the first mounting surface 1-1-1-4 for mounting with the connecting frame 1-2.

[0068] The lower housing 1-1-1-2 comprises two inverted V-shaped plates which are relatively parallel and arranged perpendicular to the axis of the eccentric crankshaft component and are fixedly connected in the middle and upper parts by a U-shaped plate, and the upper ends of both sides of the U-shaped plate are respectively fixedly connected to the bearing mounting seats with semicircular recesses;

[0069] The upper box body 1-1-1-1 includes two bow beams whose lower ends are respectively fixedly connected to bearing snap-fit ​​seats with semicircular recesses; the bearing mounting seat and the bearing snap-fit ​​seat are matched to form two coaxial matching holes for installing the eccentric crankshaft component 1-1-3.

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown: the main body of the connecting frame 1-2 is welded by plate materials, and the end faces 1-2-1 on both sides are provided with through holes for bolt connection and positioning pin holes for connection with the first mounting surface 1-1-1-4 of the tamping unit 1-1. A guide sleeve 1-2-2 is welded on each of the left and right sides for installation of the guide component 7. A locking ear plate 1-2-3 is welded on the upper part for connection with the lower end of the locking component 6. A cylinder through hole 1-2-4 is provided in the middle part for insertion of the lifting cylinder 3 and the hydraulic pipeline. A bridge mounting seat 1-2-5 is welded on the bottom for articulating the protruding end of the lifting cylinder.

[0071] like Fig.10 As shown, the locking component 6 is an annular structure, the lower end of which is connected to the locking ear plate 2 1-2-3 through a pin, and the upper end is connected to the locking ear plate 1 2-4 on the frame 2 through a pin. It needs to be removed during tamping operation and needs to be installed when it is not in operation and the lifting cylinder 3 has no oil pressure to provide a holding state, so as to lock the tamping unit and prevent the tamping unit from slipping.

[0072] like Figure 5 As shown: the main body of the frame 2 is welded by I-beams, rectangular tubes or angle irons, wherein the uppermost part of the frame 2 has a second mounting surface 2-1 connected to the slewing bearing 5, on which through holes required for mounting bolts are provided, and a bridge-type hinge interface 2-2 of the lifting cylinder 3 is provided below the second mounting surface 2-1, and the hinge interface 2-2 is fixed to the upper front and rear cross beams 2-15 by welding, and a locking ear plate 2-4 is welded in the middle of the front and rear cross beams 2-15 for connecting the upper end of the locking component 6, and the front and rear cross beams 2-15 are welded to the left and right longitudinal beams 2-3.

[0073] The bottom of the frame 2 is a rectangular support 2-6, inside of which are welded supporting crossbeams 2-11 arranged in front and back, and supporting longitudinal beams 2-8 arranged in left and right. A running component interface 2-7 is arranged at each of the four corners of the rectangular support 2-6, and a second mounting interface 2-14 of the guide component 7 is provided at the intersection of the supporting crossbeam 2-11 and the supporting longitudinal beam 2-8 and on the left and right longitudinal beams 2-3 directly above them.

[0074] A rail clamping cylinder mounting seat 2-5 is welded on the upper part of the supporting crossbeam 2-11, and rail clamping hook fixing pin holes 2-10 are arranged on the front and rear sides of the supporting crossbeam 2-11, and the first mounting interface 2-9 of the rail clamping component is arranged on the upper part of the pin hole 2-10; the left and right longitudinal beams 2-3 and the rectangular support 2-6 are connected into one by four inclined columns 2-12, and tie rods 2-13 are added between the inclined columns 2-12 and the rectangular support 2-6 for reinforcement, wherein one end of the tie rod 2-13 connected to the rectangular support 2-6 is located directly above the running component 9.

[0075] like Figure 6 As shown: In this embodiment, the rail clamping component 8 adopts a hydraulically driven rail clamping structure, which is composed of a rail clamping hook 8-1 and a cylinder 8-2, wherein one end of the cylinder 8-2 is hingedly fixed to the rail clamping cylinder mounting seat 2-5 on the frame 2, and the other end is hingedly fixed to the top of the rail clamping hook 8-1, and the middle part of the rail clamping hook 8-1 is hingedly fixed to the pin hole 2-10 on the frame 2; under the extension and contraction of the cylinder 8-2, the rail clamping hook 8-1 rotates around the pin hole 2-10, thereby realizing the clamping and loosening of the rail.

[0076] like Figure 7-Figure 8As shown: the rail clamping component 8 in this embodiment can also adopt a mechanical rail clamping structure, wherein: the L-shaped mounting bracket 8-2' is fastened to the first mounting interface 2-9 by bolts, one end of the connecting rod 8-3' is hinged to the middle hole of the rail hook 8-5', one end of the connecting rod 8-4' is hinged to the middle hole of the rail hook 8-6', the other ends of the connecting rod 8-3' and the connecting rod 8-4' are hinged and fixed to the pin hole 2-10, the top of the rail hook 8-5' and the rail hook 8-6' are hinged to the pin shaft 8-7', and the pin shaft 8-7' can be The up and down movement is realized on the longitudinal waist-shaped hole of the mounting bracket 8-2'; one end of the spring-loaded wire rope 8-1' is bolted to the pin 8-7', and the other end is bolted to the bottom of the lower box 1-1-1-2. During the tamping process of the tamping mechanism 1, the wire rope 8-1' changes from a tensioned state to a relaxed state, and the rail clamping component 8 relies on gravity to clamp the rail. During the rising process of the tamping mechanism 1, the wire rope 8-1' changes from a relaxed state to a tensioned state, and the rail clamping component moves upward under the pulling force of the wire rope 8-1', thereby loosening the rail.

[0077] like Fig. 9 As shown: in actual operation, the lug 4 on the tamping device is hinged with the boom WJ-1 of the excavator WJ, and is driven by the excavator WJ to move along the track, and the excavator WJ provides hydraulic power to complete the tamping operation. Since a slewing bearing 5 is provided between the frame 2 and the lug 4, the frame 2 can be slewed and adjusted relative to the boom WJ-1 of the excavator by relying on the guidance of the running component 9 during the movement of the excavator WJ to adapt to the line tamping of straight track and curved track sections.

[0078] The above is only a preferred implementation of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A tamping mechanism, characterized in that include: A connecting frame, with tamping units connected to both ends; A tamping unit comprising a box body and left and right pick arms hinged on the box body; The box body is in an inverted Y shape, with the left and right ends of the box body respectively hinged to the middle of the left and right pickaxe arm components, and the upper part supports the eccentric crankshaft component, and one side of the box body is provided with a first mounting surface connected to the connecting frame; The eccentric crankshaft component comprises an eccentric crankshaft which is respectively connected to the inner ends of the left and right clamping cylinders to form an articulated pair; The left and right clamping cylinders include left and right piston rods whose outward ends are respectively hinged to the upper parts of the left and right pickaxe arms; The left and right pick arms have a pair of pick feet across a steel rail at the bottom of each pick arm.

2. The tamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body is composed of a lower box body which is roughly in an inverted V shape and an upper box body which is matched and fixedly connected with the top of the lower box body.

3. The tamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower box body comprises two inverted V-shaped plates which are relatively parallel and arranged perpendicular to the axis of the eccentric crankshaft and are fixedly connected by a U-shaped plate in the middle and upper part, and the upper ends of both sides of the U-shaped plate are respectively fixedly connected to the bearing mounting seats with semicircular concave; The upper box body comprises two bow beams whose lower ends are respectively fixedly connected to bearing snap-fit ​​seats with semicircular recesses; the bearing mounting seat and the bearing snap-fit ​​seat are matched to form two coaxial matching holes for mounting the eccentric crankshaft component.

4. The tamping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inverted V-shaped plate is connected or fixedly connected by two straight plates, and the bottom of the straight plate is provided with a coaxial through hole corresponding to one of the two ends of the hinged sleeve of the pick arm, and one side of the connection between the two straight plates is provided with the first mounting surface fixedly connected to the connecting frame.

5. The tamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting frame comprises: Mounting holes are provided on both side end surfaces of the connecting frame body and are used to connect to the first mounting surface of the box body; A guide sleeve, arranged at the left and right ends of the connecting frame body, for installing a guide component; The oil cylinder through hole is arranged on the connecting frame between the left and right guide sleeves and is used for the penetration of the lifting oil cylinder components; A lifting cylinder passes through the connecting frame, and the end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the connecting frame through a bridge-type mounting seat, and is used to control the lifting and lowering of the tamping mechanism; The bridge type mounting seat is arranged at the bottom of the connecting frame and is used for articulating the extended end of the lifting cylinder.

6. A frame-type tamping device, comprising the tamping mechanism according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that Also includes, The left and right triangular frames are larger at the bottom and smaller at the top and are arranged on the bottom rectangular support; Front and rear cross beams connected to the tops of the left and right triangular frames; A supporting crossbeam, arranged in the rectangular support and parallel to the front and rear crossbeams; A tamping mechanism is arranged between the left and right triangular frames and the supporting crossbeam through a lifting cylinder and a guide component; A lifting cylinder is installed under the front and rear cross beams, and its telescopic end is hinged to the connecting frame to drive the lifting and lowering of the tamping mechanism; The guide component passes through the guide sleeve arranged on the connecting frame, one end of which is connected to the bottom of the front and rear beams, and the other end of which is connected to the supporting beam, forming a vertical lifting and moving pair with the guide sleeve.

7. The frame type tamping device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes left and right longitudinal beams, which are respectively connected to the tops of the left and right triangular frames. The front and rear cross beams are fixed on the left and right longitudinal beams, and their directions are perpendicular to the left and right longitudinal beams.

8. The frame type tamping device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tops of the front and rear cross beams are provided with second mounting surfaces connected to the slewing bearings, and the front and rear cross beams located below the second mounting surfaces are provided with bridge-type articulated interfaces of the lifting cylinders.

9. The frame type tamping device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a supporting longitudinal beam arranged inside the rectangular support, and installation interfaces of guide components are arranged on the front and rear cross beams at the intersection of the supporting cross beam and the supporting longitudinal beam and directly above the front and rear cross beams.

10. The frame type tamping device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Rail clamping components are respectively provided on the supporting cross beams located directly below the tamping units.

11. The frame type tamping device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The rail clamping component includes a cylinder and a rail clamping hook. One end of the cylinder is hinged to the supporting beam, and the other end is hinged to the top of the rail clamping hook. The middle part of the rail clamping hook is hinged and fixed to the pin on the side of the supporting beam. Under the extension and retraction of the cylinder, the rail clamping hook rotates around the pin.

12. The frame type tamping device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The rail clamping component comprises: Front and rear L-shaped mounting brackets are fixedly connected to the top of the supporting crossbeam back to back, and vertical waist-shaped holes are opened in the middle of the vertical plates of the front and rear L-shaped mounting brackets; The tops of the rail hook 1 and rail hook 2 are respectively hinged to the pins inserted into the waist-shaped holes of the front and rear L-shaped mounting brackets, and the middle parts are respectively hinged to one end of the connecting rod 1 and the connecting rod 2, and the other ends of the connecting rod 1 and the connecting rod 2 are hinged to the pins installed on the side of the supporting beam; The elastic connecting piece has one end connected to the pin shaft inserted into the waist-shaped holes of the front and rear L-shaped mounting brackets, and the other end connected to the bottom of the lower box body.

13. The frame type tamping device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a locking component connected between the connecting frame and the left and right triangular frames.

14. A ballast tamping device, comprising the frame tamping device according to any one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that: It also includes an excavator, the extended end of the boom of the excavator is connected to the slewing support and the hanging ear at the center of the top of the frame of the frame-type tamping device.

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