A hydraulic breaker body

Abstract

The present invention discloses a hydraulic breaker body, specifically related to the field of hydraulic breakers, which includes an upper cylinder body assembly and a through-bolt assembly. The bottom end of the upper cylinder body assembly is provided with a middle cylinder body assembly, and the end of the middle cylinder body assembly away from the upper cylinder body assembly is provided with a lower cylinder body assembly. The upper cylinder body assembly, the middle cylinder body assembly, and the lower cylinder body assembly are detachably connected through the through-bolt assembly. A piston rod is movably installed inside the middle cylinder body assembly. A nitrogen chamber is provided at the bottom end of the upper cylinder body assembly, and the top end of the piston rod is movably sealed at one end of the nitrogen chamber. An oil passage is opened on one side of the middle cylinder body assembly. Through two design methods, the present invention realizes the adjustment of the impact frequency of the steel drill rod of the hydraulic breaker based on the hardness of the object to be acted on, making the hydraulic breaker have ultra-high crushing performance, ultra-low failure rate, ultra-high stability, ultra-high durability, and is more labor-saving, environmentally friendly, resource-saving, and can improve the service life of the product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic breakers, and more specifically, to a hydraulic breaker body. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the global economy, the application technologies related to hydraulic impact have also been rapidly developed and widely applied. Especially in the fields of mineral resource development and infrastructure construction, hydraulic breakers play a crucial role in the operation processes of construction machinery such as excavators and loaders. The hydraulic breaker uses a hydraulic system as the power output to generate impact energy, thereby crushing stones, concrete, etc. Due to the increasingly diverse engineering operation requirements, the market has put forward higher and higher requirements for the performance of hydraulic impact equipment. In existing hydraulic breakers, the method of combining hydraulic energy and pneumatic energy is usually adopted to deliver energy to the working object, and then act on the operation object to complete the operation purpose, such as crushing ores.

[0003] The hydraulic breaker body on the market is mainly assembled by a lower cylinder block assembly, a middle cylinder block assembly, an upper cylinder block assembly, a steel drill rod, and a through bolt assembly; the hydraulic breaker body on the market is Figure 1 a traditional structure with a consistent impact frequency. When encountering small and not very hard objects to be acted on, the impact force is often too strong, resulting in unnecessary resource waste; and when not in operation, the oil circuit of the hydraulic breaker keeps circulating internally, causing unnecessary material waste, with a high use cost and few customer choices. That is, the existing hydraulic breaker body cannot adjust the impact frequency and control the output state of energy according to different working conditions, so that the same energy is still output for different working conditions, and the working conditions do not match, resulting in problems such as poor safety, energy waste, low working efficiency, and inconvenient use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] A hydraulic breaker body provided by the present invention aims to solve the problem that the existing hydraulic breaker has a consistent impact frequency and is not convenient to adjust the impact frequency according to the actual situation.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A hydraulic breaker body, comprising an upper cylinder block assembly and a through-bolt assembly. The bottom end of the upper cylinder block assembly is provided with a middle cylinder block assembly. The end of the middle cylinder block assembly away from the upper cylinder block assembly is provided with a lower cylinder block assembly. The upper cylinder block assembly, the middle cylinder block assembly and the lower cylinder block assembly are detachably connected by the through-bolt assembly. A piston rod is movably installed inside the middle cylinder block assembly. The bottom end of the upper cylinder block assembly is provided with a nitrogen chamber. The top end of the piston rod is movably sealed at one end of the nitrogen chamber. An oil passage is formed inside one side of the middle cylinder block assembly. A steering valve cavity is provided in the middle section of the oil passage. A reversing valve is movably installed inside the steering valve cavity. An oil inlet and an oil outlet penetrate through one side of the middle cylinder block assembly. Solenoid valves are provided inside both the oil inlet and the oil outlet. The oil inlet end of the oil passage is communicated with the oil inlet. The oil outlet end of the oil passage is communicated with the oil outlet. The oil passage is communicated with an external drive system. Hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil passage. The reversing valve changes the flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the oil passage, driving the piston rod to reciprocate axially inside the middle cylinder block assembly. The top end of the piston rod intermittently compresses the nitrogen in the nitrogen chamber.

[0006] Set the threshold value of the force change range in the oil passage. When the feedback force change value in the oil passage is greater than the change range threshold value, adjust the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod inside the middle cylinder block assembly.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the feedback force change value in the oil passage includes positive and negative values. Adjusting the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod inside the middle cylinder block assembly includes increasing the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod and decreasing the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod.

[0008] When the feedback force change value in the oil passage is positive and the positive value is greater than the change range threshold value, the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod increases. When the feedback force change value in the oil passage is negative and the absolute value of the negative value is greater than the change range threshold value, the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod decreases.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, an upper cavity of the middle cylinder block and a lower cavity of the middle cylinder block are provided inside the middle cylinder block assembly and are distributed vertically. Two protrusions are integrally formed on the rod wall of the piston rod. The two protrusions are respectively blocked by the upper cavity of the middle cylinder block and the lower cavity of the middle cylinder block, restricting the range of the up and down movement of the piston rod.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a pressure relief valve is installed on one side of the middle cylinder block assembly. The pressure relief valve is used to adjust the oil pressure in the oil passage. An automatic frequency conversion valve is also installed on one side of the middle cylinder block assembly. The automatic frequency conversion valve is used to receive the pressure change of the oil passage adjusted by the pressure relief valve, drive the change of the aperture of the oil passage, and adjust the reciprocating motion frequency of the middle cylinder block assembly.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the pressure relief valve includes a first valve cover, a first valve sleeve, and a first valve core. The first valve cover is connected to the first valve sleeve, and the first valve core is rotatably disposed within the first valve sleeve. The automatic variable frequency valve includes a second valve cover, a second valve sleeve, and a second valve core. The second valve cover is connected to the second valve sleeve, and the second valve core is rotatably disposed within the second valve sleeve. A through hole one penetrates through the outer peripheral side of the second valve sleeve, a cross channel is formed at the end of the second valve core, the cross channel corresponds to the through hole one, and a cross channel is also formed at the end of the second valve sleeve close to the second valve cover.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a metal bellows is disposed inside the upper chamber of the middle cylinder block, and the metal bellows is sleeved outside the rod wall of the piston rod. One end of the metal bellows is fixedly connected to the top of the upper chamber of the middle cylinder block, and the other end of the metal bellows is fixedly connected to the protrusion on the rod wall of the piston rod close to the upper chamber of the middle cylinder block.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a heat exchange chamber is provided between the metal bellows and the rod wall of the piston rod, and an air flow channel penetrates through the inside of the middle cylinder block assembly. The air flow channel communicates the heat exchange chamber with the external environment.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, an overflow channel is further provided inside the middle cylinder block assembly. One end of the overflow channel communicates with the overflow channel of the oil circuit, and the other end of the overflow channel communicates with the air flow channel. An adjusting rod is movably provided in the vertical section of the overflow channel. The adjusting rod includes a rod portion, and elastic balls are installed at both ends of the rod portion. The elastic balls movably seal the vertical section of the overflow channel. When hydraulic oil enters the overflow channel, the elastic ball at the upper end of the rod portion is pressed into the air flow channel, the heat exchange chamber is sealed, and the elastic ball at the lower end of the rod portion is pressed into the vertical section of the overflow channel, and the overflow channel is sealed.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, an oil circuit shut-off valve is installed on one side of the middle cylinder block assembly. The oil circuit shut-off valve is used to connect or seal the oil circuit and change the working state of the piston rod. The working state of the piston rod includes a working mode and a non-working mode.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, an oil circuit shut-off valve is installed on one side of the middle cylinder block assembly. The oil circuit shut-off valve is used to connect or seal the oil circuit and change the working state of the piston rod. The working state of the piston rod includes a working mode and a non-working mode.

[0017] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0018] 1. By designing two methods, the present invention realizes the adjustment of the impact frequency of the steel drill rod of the hydraulic breaker based on the hardness of the object being acted on, making the hydraulic breaker have extremely high crushing performance, extremely low failure rate, extremely high stability, extremely high durability, and being more labor-saving, environmentally friendly, resource-saving, and improving the service life of the product;

[0019] 2. The variable-frequency valve of the present invention adjusts the working frequency of the reversing valve through interaction with the piston to achieve the conversion of the working frequency of the mechanism, extending the service life and increasing the adaptability to different working conditions.

[0020] 3. The present invention also controls the working state of the mechanism through a safety valve, enabling it to switch between the working mode and the non-working mode, increasing the convenience and safety of the operation of the hydraulic impact mechanism, improving the working efficiency, and effectively reducing the energy consumption. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a front view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of the pressure relief valve of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is an exploded schematic diagram of the automatic variable-frequency valve of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is of the present invention Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at position A in;

[0027] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in actual application.

[0028] The reference numerals are: 1. Upper cylinder block assembly; 11. Through-bolt assembly; 12. Nitrogen chamber; 2. Middle cylinder block assembly; 21. Oil inlet; 22. Oil outlet; 23. Oil circuit shut-off valve; 24. Reversing valve; 241. Overflow channel; 242. Adjusting rod; 25. Steering valve cavity; 26. Upper cavity of the middle cylinder block; 27. Lower cavity of the middle cylinder block; 3. Lower cylinder block assembly; 4. Piston rod; 5. Pressure relief valve; 51. Valve cover one; 52. Valve sleeve one; 53. Valve core one; 6. Automatic variable-frequency valve; 61. Valve cover two; 62. Valve sleeve two; 63. Valve core two; 7. Metal bellows; 71. Heat exchange cavity; 72. Air flow channel; 10. Housing. Detailed Embodiments

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Refer to the attached instruction manual Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , a hydraulic breaker body, including an upper cylinder block assembly 1 and a through-bolt assembly 11. A middle cylinder block assembly 2 is provided at the bottom end of the upper cylinder block assembly 1. A lower cylinder block assembly 3 is provided at the end of the middle cylinder block assembly 2 away from the upper cylinder block assembly 1. The upper cylinder block assembly 1, the middle cylinder block assembly 2 and the lower cylinder block assembly 3 are detachably connected by the through-bolt assembly 11. A piston rod 4 is movably installed inside the middle cylinder block assembly 2. A nitrogen chamber 12 is provided at the bottom end of the upper cylinder block assembly 1. The top end of the piston rod 4 is movably sealed at one end of the nitrogen chamber 12. An oil passage is opened on one side of the middle cylinder block assembly 2. A steering valve cavity 25 is provided in the middle section of the oil passage. A reversing valve 24 is movably installed inside the steering valve cavity 25. An oil inlet 21 and an oil outlet 22 penetrate through one side of the middle cylinder block assembly 2, and electromagnetic valves are provided inside both the oil inlet 21 and the oil outlet 22 for controlling the oil inlet and outlet in the oil passage. The oil inlet end of the oil passage is communicated with the oil inlet 21, and the oil outlet end of the oil passage is communicated with the oil outlet 22. The oil passage is communicated with an external drive system. Hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil passage. The reversing valve 24 changes the flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the oil passage, driving the piston rod 4 to reciprocate axially inside the middle cylinder block assembly 2. The top end of the piston rod 4 intermittently compresses the nitrogen in the nitrogen chamber 12;

[0032] Set the threshold value of the force change range in the oil passage. When the feedback force change value in the oil passage is greater than the change range threshold value, adjust the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod 4 inside the middle cylinder block assembly 2;

[0033] It should be noted that the hydraulic breaker body also includes structures such as oil seals and accumulators that are possessed by the hydraulic breaker. Other mechanical structures required to realize the normal operation of the hydraulic breaker are included in this embodiment. Since the above structures and the layout of the oil passage are not the design key points of the present invention, they will not be elaborated here. The external drive system is the driving source for the external hydraulic oil pump to pump oil into the oil passage to make the piston rod 4 of this hydraulic breaker reciprocate.

[0034] The feedback force change value in the oil passage includes positive and negative values. Adjusting the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod 4 inside the middle cylinder block assembly 2 includes increasing the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod 4 and decreasing the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod 4;

[0035] When the feedback force change value in the oil passage is positive and the positive value is greater than the change range threshold value, the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod 4 increases. When the feedback force change value in the oil passage is negative and the absolute value of the negative value is greater than the change range threshold value, the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod 4 decreases;

[0036] It should be noted that when the hydraulic breaker is in the normal working state, the oil pressure in the oil circuit is the base value a1, and the flow rate of the hydraulic oil source pumped into the oil circuit is the base value a2. In this state, the force exerted by the steel drill rod on the object to be acted upon is x1. The threshold value of the force change received in the oil circuit is set as △x (that is, when the force exerted by the steel drill rod on the object to be acted upon is within the range of x1±△x, it is in the normal working state). When the force exerted by the steel drill rod of the hydraulic breaker on the object to be acted upon is greater than x1+△x, it is in the working state of impacting hard objects, that is, the high-speed impact state. When the force exerted by the steel drill rod of the hydraulic breaker on the object to be acted upon is less than x1-△x, it is in the working state of impacting soft objects, that is, the low-speed impact state).

[0037] When the hydraulic breaker strikes a relatively hard object in the normal working state, that is, when the steel drill rod changes from the normal force-bearing state to the state of striking a hard object, the automatic frequency conversion valve 6 adjusts the reciprocating movement rate of the piston rod 4 by increasing the stroke of the power supply, so as to adjust the high-speed impact of the steel drill rod on the hard object to be acted upon. Similarly, when the hydraulic breaker strikes a relatively soft object in the normal working state, the automatic frequency conversion valve 6 adjusts the reciprocating movement rate of the piston rod 4 by decreasing the stroke of the power supply, so as to change the hydraulic breaker to the low-speed impact state.

[0038] Inside the middle cylinder block assembly 2, there are an upper middle cylinder block chamber 26 and a lower middle cylinder block chamber 27 distributed vertically. Two protrusions are integrally formed on the rod wall of the piston rod 4, and the two protrusions are respectively blocked by the upper middle cylinder block chamber 26 and the lower middle cylinder block chamber 27, restricting the range of the up and down movement of the piston rod 4.

[0039] A pressure relief valve 5 is installed on one side of the middle cylinder block assembly 2. The pressure relief valve 5 is used to adjust the oil pressure in the oil circuit. An automatic frequency conversion valve 6 is also installed on one side of the middle cylinder block assembly 2. The automatic frequency conversion valve 6 is used to receive the pressure change of the oil circuit adjusted by the pressure relief valve 5 and drive the change of the oil flow passage diameter, so as to adjust the reciprocating movement frequency of the middle cylinder block assembly 2. Specifically, the cross-sectional area of the valve core of the automatic frequency conversion valve 6 changes, causing its aperture to change, so that the flow rate of the hydraulic oil passing through the automatic frequency conversion valve 6 in the oil circuit changes, and then the reciprocating movement frequency of the middle cylinder block assembly 2 is adjusted. For example, when the automatic frequency conversion valve 6 is dealing with a hard working condition environment, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil in the automatic frequency conversion valve 6 slows down, the piston rod 4 moves slower, the stroke becomes larger, and the working frequency slows down; when dealing with a soft working condition environment, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil in the automatic frequency conversion valve 6 speeds up, the piston rod 4 moves faster, the stroke becomes smaller, and the working frequency speeds up. For example, when changing from a soft working condition environment to a hard working condition environment (such as a concrete floor), the impact rebound speed of the piston head will become faster. This change is fed back to the automatic frequency conversion valve 6 through the flow rate and pressure of the hydraulic oil in the oil hole, forcing the automatic frequency conversion valve 6 to redistribute the flow of the hydraulic oil by adjusting the reversing valve 24, so as to change the working frequency and stroke of the piston rod 4.

[0040] The pressure relief valve 5 includes a first valve cover 51, a first valve sleeve 52 and a first valve core 53. The first valve cover 51 is connected to the first valve sleeve 52, and the first valve core 53 is rotatably arranged inside the first valve sleeve 52. The automatic frequency conversion valve 6 includes a second valve cover 61, a second valve sleeve 62 and a second valve core 63. The second valve cover 61 is connected to the second valve sleeve 62, and the second valve core 63 is rotatably arranged inside the second valve sleeve 62. A first through hole penetrates through the outer peripheral side of the second valve sleeve 62, and a cross channel is opened at the end of the second valve core 63. The cross channel is correspondingly arranged with the first through hole, and a cross channel is also opened at the end of the second valve sleeve 62 close to the second valve cover 61;

[0041] It should be noted that by providing cross channels on the second valve core 63 and the second valve sleeve 62 of the automatic frequency conversion valve 6, it is beneficial to make the friction between the sealing surfaces of the second valve core 63 and the second valve sleeve 62 small during the opening and closing processes of the frequency conversion valve, improve the wear resistance, and effectively extend the service life of the automatic frequency conversion valve 6; and since there is only one sealing surface between the second valve core 63 and the second valve sleeve 62, the manufacturing processability is relatively good and it is convenient for maintenance; and by designing the channel into a cross-shaped opening, the functions of cutting off, distributing and changing the flow direction of the medium are realized. It not only has a good flow regulation function, but also can relieve pressure and balance the impact on the hydraulic oil circuit. And due to the short adjustment stroke and rapid opening and closing, it can quickly adjust the impact frequency of the steel drill.

[0042] An oil circuit shut-off valve 23 is installed on one side of the middle cylinder block assembly 2. The oil circuit shut-off valve 23 is used to connect or block the oil circuit and change the working state of the piston rod 4. The working state of the piston rod 4 includes a working mode and a non-working mode.

[0043] A housing 10 is provided on the outer sides of the upper cylinder block assembly 1, the middle cylinder block assembly 2 and the lower cylinder block assembly 3. The housing 10 is installed on the end effector of the excavator.

[0044] In this embodiment, the implementation scenario is specifically as follows: In the present invention, by adding an automatic frequency conversion valve 6, a pressure relief valve 5 and an oil circuit shut-off valve 23 to the middle cylinder block assembly, when the hydraulic breaker strikes an object to be acted on through the steel drill, the size and hardness of the object to be acted on are obtained, so that the reaction force exerted by the object to be acted on on the steel drill is transmitted to the pressure relief valve 5 through the oil circuit. After the pressure relief valve 5 adjusts the oil pressure in the oil circuit, the received reaction force is transmitted to the automatic frequency conversion valve 6 through the oil circuit. The automatic frequency conversion valve 6 then adjusts the reciprocating movement rate of the piston rod 4 to realize the adjustment of the impact frequency of the steel drill; when the hydraulic breaker does not operate, by rotating or adjusting the position of the valve core of the oil circuit shut-off valve 23 to block the connection between the oil circuit and the external hydraulic oil source, the hydraulic breaker is in a non-working mode, which is beneficial to improving the operation convenience and safety, and also saves energy consumption; through the design of this embodiment, the hydraulic breaker not only has extremely high crushing performance, extremely low failure rate, extremely high stability, extremely high durability, improves work efficiency and increases economic benefits, but also can save effort, be environmentally friendly, save resources and improve the product service life.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] Refer to the attached Figure 3 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 ,A hydraulic breaker body includes an upper cylinder block assembly 1 and a through-bolt assembly 11. A middle cylinder block assembly 2 is provided at the bottom end of the upper cylinder block assembly 1. A lower cylinder block assembly 3 is provided at the end of the middle cylinder block assembly 2 away from the upper cylinder block assembly 1. The upper cylinder block assembly 1, the middle cylinder block assembly 2 and the lower cylinder block assembly 3 are detachably connected through the through-bolt assembly 11. A piston rod 4 is movably installed inside the middle cylinder block assembly 2. A nitrogen chamber 12 is provided at the bottom end of the upper cylinder block assembly 1. The top end of the piston rod 4 is movably sealed at one end of the nitrogen chamber 12. An oil passage is opened on one side of the middle cylinder block assembly 2. A steering valve chamber 25 is provided in the middle section of the oil passage. A reversing valve 24 is movably installed inside the steering valve chamber 25. An oil inlet 21 and an oil outlet 22 penetrate through one side of the middle cylinder block assembly 2. The inlet end of the oil passage is communicated with the oil inlet 21, and the outlet end of the oil passage is communicated with the oil outlet 22. Hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil passage. The reversing valve 24 changes the flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the oil passage, driving the piston rod 4 to reciprocate axially inside the middle cylinder block assembly 2. The top end of the piston rod 4 intermittently compresses the nitrogen in the nitrogen chamber 12;

[0047] Set the threshold value of the force change range in the oil passage. When the feedback force change value in the oil passage is greater than the change range threshold value, adjust the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod 4 inside the middle cylinder block assembly 2.

[0048] Inside the middle cylinder block assembly 2, there are an upper middle cylinder chamber 26 and a lower middle cylinder chamber 27 distributed up and down. Two protrusions are integrally formed on the rod wall of the piston rod 4. The two protrusions are respectively blocked by the upper middle cylinder chamber 26 and the lower middle cylinder chamber 27, restricting the up and down movement range of the piston rod 4.

[0049] A metal bellows 7 is provided inside the upper middle cylinder chamber 26, and the metal bellows 7 is sleeved outside the rod wall of the piston rod 4. One end of the metal bellows 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the upper middle cylinder chamber 26, and the other end of the metal bellows 7 is fixedly connected to the protrusion on the rod wall of the piston rod 4 close to the upper middle cylinder chamber 26.

[0050] A heat exchange chamber 71 is provided between the metal bellows 7 and the rod wall of the piston rod 4. An air flow channel 72 penetrates through the inside of the middle cylinder block assembly 2, and the air flow channel 72 communicates the heat exchange chamber 71 with the external environment.

[0051] The interior of the middle cylinder block assembly 2 is also provided with an overflow channel 241. One end of the overflow channel 241 is communicated with the overflow channel of the oil circuit, and the other end of the overflow channel 241 is communicated with the air flow channel 72. An adjusting rod member 242 is movably arranged in the vertical section of the overflow channel 241. The adjusting rod member 242 includes a rod portion, and elastic balls are installed at both ends of the rod portion. The elastic balls movably seal the vertical section of the overflow channel 241. When hydraulic oil enters the overflow channel 241, the elastic ball at the upper end of the rod portion is pressed into the air flow channel 72, the heat exchange cavity 71 is sealed, and the elastic ball at the lower end of the rod portion is pressed into the vertical section of the overflow channel 241, and the overflow channel 241 is sealed;

[0052] It should be noted that after the oil pressure in the oil circuit breaks through the set threshold value, that is, when the steel drill encounters a hard object, the overflow channel is opened and the hydraulic oil enters the overflow channel; in the normal working state, the overflow channel 241 is closed.

[0053] An oil circuit shut-off valve 23 is installed on one side of the middle cylinder block assembly 2. The oil circuit shut-off valve 23 is used to connect or seal the oil circuit and change the working state of the piston rod 4. The working state of the piston rod 4 includes a working mode and a non-working mode.

[0054] A housing 10 is provided on the outer sides of the upper cylinder block assembly 1, the middle cylinder block assembly 2 and the lower cylinder block assembly 3. The housing 10 is installed on the end effector of the excavator.

[0055] In this embodiment, the implementation scenario is specifically as follows: when the hydraulic breaker is in the normal working state, the hydraulic oil enters the upper cavity 26 of the middle cylinder block. Combining with the reaction force after the nitrogen in the nitrogen chamber 12 is compressed, the piston rod 4 is pushed downward. When the protrusion below the piston rod 4 moves to the lower dead center of the lower cavity 27 of the middle cylinder block, the reversing valve 24 changes the oil flow direction, and the hydraulic oil enters the lower cavity 27 of the middle cylinder block. Combining with the reaction force of the accumulator, the piston rod 4 is pushed upward to complete a reciprocating motion of the piston rod 4;

[0056] By arranging a metal bellows 7 outside the rod wall of the piston rod 4, it can not only achieve the sealing effect between the piston rod 4 and the upper cavity 26 of the middle cylinder block, but also intermittently compress and stretch the metal bellows 7 as the piston rod 4 reciprocates. And through the heat exchange cavity 71 and the air flow channel 72 being communicated with the external space, the internal and external gas exchange is carried out to dissipate the heat of the hydraulic oil inside the upper cavity 26 of the middle cylinder block, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the breaker;

[0057] Secondly, when the hydraulic breaker is switched from the normal working state to the high-speed impact state, that is, the steel drill (piston rod 4) is subjected to the reaction force of the hard object during the falling hammering process, the hydraulic oil pressure in the steering valve chamber 25 increases instantly, breaking through the set threshold value △x of the force change received by the feedback in the oil circuit, the overflow channel in the oil circuit opens, and the hydraulic oil enters the vertical section. Under the action of the oil pressure, the adjusting rod 242 is lifted up, so that the elastic ball at the upper end of the rod is pressed into the air flow channel 72. Since the breaker is in the state of striking the hard object at this time, and since the inner diameter of the horizontal section of the overflow channel is larger than the inner diameter of the air flow channel 72, the oil pressure in the overflow channel presses the elastic ball into the air flow channel 72, so that the air flow channel 72 is sealed; when the piston rod 4 moves upward, the metal wave The bellows 7 is compressed, but because the heat exchange chamber 71 and the air flow channel 72 are blocked and sealed by the elastic ball, the gas inside the heat exchange chamber 71 is compressed until the pressure inside and outside the metal bellows 7 is balanced. At this time, the piston rod 4 moves to the upper limit position. Due to the closed gas pressure inside the heat exchange chamber 71 and the air flow channel 72, the upper limit position to which the piston rod 4 moves is lower than the upper dead center (the upper dead center is the position when the protrusion above the rod of the piston rod 4 in the normal working state conflicts with the upper chamber 26 of the middle cylinder body). Therefore, the stroke of the piston rod 4 is reduced during the reciprocating motion. Then, under the condition that the flow rate of the hydraulic oil in the oil circuit remains unchanged, the hydraulic breaker can automatically provide a faster impact to achieve automatic switching to a high-speed impact state, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency.

[0058] When the hydraulic breaker leaves the surface of a hard object, the reaction force in the oil circuit decreases, the overflow channel 241 is closed, and oil pressure is no longer provided. During the compression process, the metal bellows 7 presses the elastic ball back into the vertical section of the overflow channel 241 through the impact of the gas. Specifically, the air flow channel 72 is inclined to provide a vertical component of force (not shown in the figure).

[0059] The present invention realizes the hydraulic breaker hammer adjusting the striking frequency of the steel chisel based on the hardness of the object being acted on by designing two methods, so that the hydraulic breaker hammer has ultra-high crushing performance, ultra-low failure rate, ultra-high stability, ultra-high durability, and can save labor, be environmentally friendly, save resources, and increase the service life of the product.

[0060] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic breaker body, characterized in that: It includes an upper cylinder block assembly (1) and a through-bolt assembly (11). The bottom end of the upper cylinder block assembly (1) is provided with a middle cylinder block assembly (2). The end of the middle cylinder block assembly (2) away from the upper cylinder block assembly (1) is provided with a lower cylinder block assembly (3). The upper cylinder block assembly (1), the middle cylinder block assembly (2), and the lower cylinder block assembly (3) are detachably connected by the through-bolt assembly (11). A piston rod (4) is movably installed inside the middle cylinder block assembly (2). The bottom end of the upper cylinder block assembly (1) is provided with a nitrogen chamber (12). The top end of the piston rod (4) is movably sealed at one end of the nitrogen chamber (12). An oil passage is formed inside one side of the middle cylinder block assembly (2). A steering valve chamber (25) is provided in the middle section of the oil passage. A reversing valve (24) is movably installed inside the steering valve chamber (25). An oil inlet (21) and an oil outlet (22) penetrate through one side of the middle cylinder block assembly (2), and electromagnetic valves are provided inside both the oil inlet (21) and the oil outlet (22). The oil inlet end of the oil passage is communicated with the oil inlet (21), and the oil outlet end of the oil passage is communicated with the oil outlet (22). The oil passage is communicated with an external drive system, and hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil passage. The reversing valve (24) changes the flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the oil passage, driving the piston rod (4) to reciprocate axially inside the middle cylinder block assembly (2). The top end of the piston rod (4) intermittently compresses the nitrogen in the nitrogen chamber (12). A threshold value of the force change range in the oil passage is set. When the feedback force change value received in the oil passage is greater than the change range threshold value, the reciprocating frequency of the piston rod (4) inside the middle cylinder block assembly (2) is adjusted; An upper middle cylinder block chamber (26) and a lower middle cylinder block chamber (27) are provided inside the middle cylinder block assembly (2) and are distributed vertically. Two protrusions are integrally formed on the rod wall of the piston rod (4), and the two protrusions are respectively blocked by the upper middle cylinder block chamber (26) and the lower middle cylinder block chamber (27), restricting the range of the up and down movement of the piston rod (4); A metal bellows (7) is provided inside the upper middle cylinder block chamber (26), and the metal bellows (7) is sleeved outside the rod wall of the piston rod (4). One end of the metal bellows (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the upper middle cylinder block chamber (26), and the other end of the metal bellows (7) is fixedly connected to the protrusion on the rod wall of the piston rod (4) close to the upper middle cylinder block chamber (26); A heat exchange chamber (71) is provided between the metal bellows (7) and the rod wall of the piston rod (4). An air flow channel (72) penetrates through the inside of the middle cylinder block assembly (2), and the air flow channel (72) communicates the heat exchange chamber (71) with the external environment; An overflow channel (241) is further provided inside the middle cylinder block assembly (2). One end of the overflow channel (241) is communicated with the overflow channel of the oil circuit, and the other end of the overflow channel (241) is communicated with the air flow channel (72). An adjusting rod member (242) is movably arranged in the vertical section of the overflow channel (241). The adjusting rod member (242) includes a rod portion, and elastic balls are installed at both ends of the rod portion. The elastic balls movably seal the vertical section of the overflow channel (241). When hydraulic oil enters the overflow channel (241), the elastic ball at the upper end of the rod portion is pressed into the air flow channel (72), the heat exchange cavity (71) is sealed, and the elastic ball at the lower end of the rod portion is pressed into the vertical section of the overflow channel (241), and the overflow channel (241) is sealed.

2. The hydraulic breaker body according to claim 1, wherein: The changed values of the feedback acting force in the oil circuit include positive values and negative values. Adjusting the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod (4) in the middle cylinder block assembly (2) includes increasing the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod (4) and decreasing the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod (4); when the changed value of the feedback acting force in the oil circuit is a positive value and the positive value is greater than the change interval threshold, the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod (4) increases, and when the changed value of the feedback acting force in the oil circuit is a negative value and the absolute value of the negative value is greater than the change interval threshold, the reciprocating motion frequency of the piston rod (4) decreases.

3. The hydraulic breaker body according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pressure relief valve (5) is installed on one side of the middle cylinder block assembly (2). The pressure relief valve (5) is used to adjust the oil pressure in the oil circuit. An automatic frequency conversion valve (6) is also installed on one side of the middle cylinder block assembly (2). The automatic frequency conversion valve (6) is used to receive the pressure change of the oil circuit adjusted by the pressure relief valve (5) and drive the change of the aperture of the oil circuit flow, so as to adjust the reciprocating motion frequency of the middle cylinder block assembly (2).

4. A hydraulic breaker body according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure relief valve (5) includes a valve cover one (51), a valve sleeve one (52) and a valve core one (53). The valve cover one (51) is connected to the valve sleeve one (52), and the valve core one (53) is rotatably arranged in the valve sleeve one (52). The automatic frequency conversion valve (6) includes a valve cover two (61), a valve sleeve two (62) and a valve core two (63). The valve cover two (61) is connected to the valve sleeve two (62), and the valve core two (63) is rotatably arranged in the valve sleeve two (62). A through hole one penetrates through the outer peripheral side of the valve sleeve two (62). A cross channel is opened at the end of the valve core two (63), and the cross channel is arranged corresponding to the through hole one. A cross channel is also opened at the end of the valve sleeve two (62) close to the valve cover two (61).

5. A hydraulic breaker body according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: An oil circuit shut-off valve (23) is installed on one side of the middle cylinder block assembly (2). The oil circuit shut-off valve (23) is used to connect or close the oil circuit and change the working state of the piston rod (4). The working state of the piston rod (4) includes a working mode and a non-working mode.

6. The hydraulic breaker body according to claim 5, characterized in that: A housing (10) is provided outside the upper cylinder block assembly (1), the middle cylinder block assembly (2) and the lower cylinder block assembly (3). The housing (10) is installed on the end effector of the excavator.

Images