Upper and lower jaw deciduous tooth retention and extraction model

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical teaching aids, and discloses an upper and lower jaw deciduous tooth retention and extraction model, which is characterized in that the top edge of a jaw bone model is covered with a gingival model; the jawbone model comprises an upper jawbone model and a lower jawbone model; maxillary breast molar models are arranged on the two sides of the gingival model of the maxillary bone model, an maxillary retention milk central incisor model is arranged in the middle of the maxillary bone model, a mandibular retention milk central incisor model is arranged in the middle of the gingival model of the mandible bone model, and a mandibular constant central incisor model is arranged on the side, facing the interior of the mandible bone model, of the mandibular retention milk central incisor model. According to the utility model, the shape of the incisal end of the new germinated permanent tooth is distinguished from the deciduous tooth, and the shape of the incisal end of the new germinated permanent tooth model is sawtooth-shaped, so that a trainer can identify the incisal end conveniently, the trainer can feel the difference between a retention deciduous tooth extraction operation and a common tooth extraction operation during operation, and the occurrence of root breaking in a clinical tooth extraction process is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical teaching tools, and in particular relates to a retained extraction model for upper and lower jaw deciduous teeth. Background Art

[0002] Retained deciduous teeth refer to deciduous teeth that have erupted in the successor permanent tooth model but have not fallen out on time. Retained mandibular deciduous central incisors are common, and the permanent central incisors erupt on the lingual side, presenting a double row of teeth phenomenon. Retained deciduous teeth can affect the development of the normal occlusal relationship of the dentition, as well as cause plaque retention and food impaction, affecting oral hygiene. Clinically, if it is found that the successor permanent teeth have erupted, the retained deciduous teeth should be extracted and retained deciduous teeth extraction should be performed. However, due to insufficient root absorption, retained deciduous teeth may experience root fracture during the extraction process, and it is difficult to distinguish between new permanent teeth and retained deciduous teeth. It is not uncommon to extract newly erupted permanent teeth as retained deciduous teeth in clinical practice.

[0003] The Chinese patent publication number is CN114373371A, and the name is a patent application for a simulated tooth extraction training head model, which includes a dental training head model, a maxillary model and a mandibular model detachably installed therein, the maxillary model has a maxillary sinus on the upper part of the maxilla, and an upper groove-shaped cavity is formed at the position of the second molar and the third molar, the bottom of the upper groove-shaped cavity is connected to the bottom of the maxillary sinus and the upper real teeth are buried therein, the mandibular model has a mandibular canal inside the mandibular bone, and the two ends of the mandibular foramen and mandibular foramen are provided, the mandibular model has a lower groove-shaped cavity formed at the position of the third molar, and a barrel-shaped cavity formed at the position of the first molar, the bottom of which is connected to the mandibular canal and the lower real teeth are buried therein, and the mandibular canal has a rubber tube filled with red dye. Although this patent application can also perform simulated tooth extraction training, it cannot be used for identification and extraction training of retained deciduous teeth. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a model for the removal of retained deciduous teeth in upper and lower jaws. By setting the common ectopic eruption sites of upper and lower permanent teeth, it can be used to identify retained deciduous teeth, avoid extracting the wrong teeth during clinical operations, prevent the occurrence of root breakage, and improve the success rate of extraction of retained deciduous teeth.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0006] A model for the extraction of retained deciduous teeth of upper and lower jaws, comprising: a jaw model, the top edge of which is covered with a gum model; the jaw model comprises a maxillary model and a mandibular model; maxillary deciduous molar models are arranged on both sides of the gum model of the maxillary model, and a maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model is arranged in the middle, and maxillary permanent central incisor models are arranged on the front outer side and the back outer side of the maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model; a mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model is arranged in the middle of the gum model of the mandibular model, and a mandibular permanent central incisor model is arranged on the side of the mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model facing the inside of the mandibular model; wherein the maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model, the maxillary permanent central incisor model, the mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model and the mandibular permanent central incisor model can all be detachably mounted on the gum model.

[0007] Optionally, the gum model is U-shaped.

[0008] Optionally, the maxillary permanent central incisor model includes a maxillary palatal permanent central incisor model and a maxillary labial permanent central incisor model, and the maxillary palatal permanent central incisor model has a palate and a lip; wherein the maxillary palatal permanent central incisor model is set on the palate, and the maxillary labial permanent central incisor model is set on the lip.

[0009] Optionally, the mandibular permanent central incisor model includes a first mandibular permanent central incisor model and a second mandibular permanent central incisor model, and there is a gap between the first mandibular permanent central incisor model and the second mandibular permanent central incisor model.

[0010] Optionally, the mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model includes a deciduous tooth root complete absorption model and a deciduous tooth root incomplete absorption model, wherein the length of the deciduous tooth root complete absorption model is shorter than the deciduous tooth root incomplete absorption model, and the end of the deciduous tooth root complete absorption model has a notch.

[0011] Optionally, the maxillary deciduous molar model is fixedly connected to the maxillary bone model through the gum model.

[0012] Optionally, the gingival model has slots that match the bottom of the maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model, the bottom of the maxillary permanent central incisor model, the bottom of the mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model, and the bottom of the mandibular permanent central incisor model.

[0013] Optionally, the maxillary deciduous molar model is made of corundum.

[0014] Optionally, the materials of the maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model, the maxillary permanent central incisor model, the mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model and the mandibular permanent central incisor model are all made of corundum.

[0015] Optionally, the jawbone model is made of corundum, and the gum model is made of silicone.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The utility model sets common ectopic eruption sites of upper and lower permanent teeth models, including the labial side and the palatal side, to distinguish the incisal morphology of newly erupted permanent teeth from that of deciduous teeth. The incisal morphology of newly erupted permanent teeth is serrated, so that medical students can identify them. Retained deciduous tooth consumables are divided into two types: complete root absorption and incomplete root absorption, which is convenient for medical students to feel the difference between retained deciduous tooth extraction and general tooth extraction during operation, and reduce the occurrence of root breakage during clinical tooth extraction.

[0018] The retained deciduous tooth extraction model provided by the utility model is used in dentist training programs to identify retained deciduous teeth, avoid extracting wrong teeth during clinical operations, prevent root breakage, and improve the success rate of retained deciduous tooth extraction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings described herein are for explanation purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. In addition, the shapes and proportional dimensions of the components in the drawings are only for illustration purposes to help understand the present invention and are not intended to specifically limit the shapes and proportional dimensions of the components of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the maxillary bone model of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mandibular model of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the complete absorption model of deciduous tooth roots of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the incomplete absorption model of deciduous tooth roots of the utility model;

[0024] Among them, 1. Maxillary deciduous molar model; 2. Maxillary palatal permanent central incisor model; 3. Maxillary labial permanent central incisor model; 4. Maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model; 5. Jaw model; 6. Gum model; 51. Maxillary model; 52. Mandibular model; 7. First mandibular permanent central incisor model; 8. Second mandibular permanent central incisor model; 9. Mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model; 91. Deciduous tooth root complete absorption model; 92. Deciduous tooth root incomplete absorption model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only embodiment.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0028] The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, the utility model is a model for the extraction of retained deciduous teeth of upper and lower jaws, comprising: a jaw model 5, the top edge of which is covered with a gum model 6; the jaw model 5 comprises a maxillary model 51 and a mandibular model 52; the gum model 6 of the maxillary model 51 is provided with maxillary deciduous molar models 1 on both sides, and a maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model 4 is provided in the middle, and the maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model 4 is provided with maxillary permanent central incisor models on the front outer side and the back outer side; the middle part of the gum model 6 of the mandibular model 52 is provided with a mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model 9, and the mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model 9 is provided with a mandibular permanent central incisor model on the side facing the inside of the mandibular model 52; wherein the maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model 4, the maxillary permanent central incisor model, the mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model 9 and the mandibular permanent central incisor model can all be detachably installed on the gum model 6. The maxillary deciduous molar model 1 is fixedly connected to the maxillary bone model 51 through the gum model 6. The gum model 6 has a slot matching the bottom of the maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model 4, the bottom of the maxillary permanent central incisor model, the bottom of the mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model 9 and the bottom of the mandibular permanent central incisor model. Specifically, the gum model 6 is U-shaped.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] In this embodiment, the number of the maxillary deciduous molar models 1 is four, and the number on each side of the gum model 6 of the maxillary bone model 51 is two, and the maxillary deciduous molar models 1 on both sides are symmetrically distributed.

[0032] The maxillary permanent central incisor model comprises a maxillary palatal permanent central incisor model 2 and a maxillary labial permanent central incisor model 3, wherein the maxillary palatal permanent central incisor model 2 has a palate part and a lip part;

[0033] The maxillary palatal permanent central incisor model 2 is arranged on the palate, and the maxillary labial permanent central incisor model 3 is arranged on the lips.

[0034] The mandibular permanent central incisor model comprises a first mandibular permanent central incisor model 7 and a second mandibular permanent central incisor model 8, and there is a gap between the first mandibular permanent central incisor model 7 and the second mandibular permanent central incisor model 8.

[0035] The mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model 9 includes a deciduous tooth root complete absorption model 91 and a deciduous tooth root incomplete absorption model 92, wherein the deciduous tooth root complete absorption model 91 is shorter than the deciduous tooth root incomplete absorption model 92, and the end of the deciduous tooth root complete absorption model 91 has a notch, so as to facilitate the feeling of the difference between the retained deciduous tooth model extraction and the general tooth model extraction during the operation.

[0036] Specifically, the maxillary deciduous molar model 1, the maxillary palatal permanent central incisor model 2, the maxillary labial permanent central incisor model 3, the maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model 4, the jaw model 5, the gingival model 6, the maxillary bone model 51, the mandibular bone model 52, the mandibular permanent central incisor model and the mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model 9 all match the shapes of the corresponding bones of the human body.

[0037] The material of the maxillary deciduous molar model 1 is made of corundum. The materials of the maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model 4, the maxillary permanent central incisor model, the mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model 9 and the mandibular permanent central incisor model are all made of corundum. The material of the jawbone model 5 is made of corundum, and the material of the gingival model 6 is made of silicone. Specifically, the material of the jawbone model 5 is made of white corundum, and the material of the gingival model 6 is made of pink silicone.

[0038] The maxillary palatal permanent central incisor is an ectopic eruption, which is caused by the retention of the maxillary deciduous central incisor and the change of the eruption position of the permanent central incisor. The maxillary palatal permanent central incisor is an ectopic eruption, which is caused by the retention of the maxillary deciduous central incisor and the change of the eruption position of the permanent central incisor.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] When used, the upper and lower jaw deciduous tooth retention extraction model of the utility model comprises the following steps:

[0041] Before the operation, the maxillary deciduous molar model 1, the maxillary palatal permanent central incisor model 2, the maxillary labial permanent central incisor model 3, the maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model 4, the first mandibular permanent central incisor model 7, the second mandibular permanent central incisor model 8 and the mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model 9 were identified according to their morphology and position.

[0042] The maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model 4 and the mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model 9 were identified as retained deciduous teeth.

[0043] The maxillary palatal permanent central incisor model 2, the maxillary labial permanent central incisor model 3, and the mandibular lingual first mandibular permanent central incisor model 7 and the second mandibular permanent central incisor model 8 were identified as newly erupted permanent teeth.

[0044] The retained deciduous teeth are separated from the gingival model 6 to train the extraction of retained deciduous teeth.

[0045] Unless otherwise specified, the device elements involved in the above embodiments are all conventional device elements, and the structural settings, working modes or control modes involved are all conventional settings, working modes or control modes in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Other modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the technical solution of the utility model by ordinary technicians in this field should be included in the scope of the claims of the utility model as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A model for extracting retained deciduous teeth of upper and lower jaws, characterized in that: include: A jaw model (5), wherein the top edge of the jaw model (5) is covered with a gum model (6); the jaw model (5) comprises a maxillary model (51) and a mandibular model (52); maxillary deciduous molar models (1) are arranged on both sides of the gum model (6) of the maxillary model (51), and a maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model (4) is arranged in the middle, and the maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model (4) is arranged on the front outer side and the back outer side of the maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model (4). Incisor model; a mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model (9) is arranged in the middle of the gingival model (6) of the mandibular model (52), and a mandibular permanent central incisor model is arranged on the side of the mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model (9) facing the inside of the mandibular model (52); wherein the maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model (4), the maxillary permanent central incisor model, the mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model (9) and the mandibular permanent central incisor model can all be detachably mounted on the gingival model (6).

2. The upper and lower mandibular retained deciduous tooth extraction model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gingival model (6) is U-shaped.

3. The upper and lower mandibular retained deciduous tooth extraction model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maxillary permanent central incisor model comprises a maxillary palatal permanent central incisor model (2) and a maxillary labial permanent central incisor model (3), wherein the maxillary palatal permanent central incisor model (2) has a palate portion and a lip portion; wherein the maxillary palatal permanent central incisor model (2) is arranged on the palate portion, and the maxillary labial permanent central incisor model (3) is arranged on the lip portion.

4. The upper and lower mandibular retained deciduous tooth extraction model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mandibular permanent central incisor model comprises a first mandibular permanent central incisor model (7) and a second mandibular permanent central incisor model (8), and there is a gap between the first mandibular permanent central incisor model (7) and the second mandibular permanent central incisor model (8).

5. The upper and lower mandibular retained deciduous tooth extraction model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model (9) comprises a deciduous tooth root complete absorption model (91) and a deciduous tooth root incomplete absorption model (92), wherein the deciduous tooth root complete absorption model (91) is shorter than the deciduous tooth root incomplete absorption model (92), and the end of the deciduous tooth root complete absorption model (91) has a notch.

6. The upper and lower mandibular retained deciduous tooth extraction model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maxillary deciduous molar model (1) passes through the gum model (6) and is fixedly connected to the maxillary bone model (51).

7. The upper and lower mandibular retained deciduous tooth extraction model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gingival model (6) has slots matching the bottom of the maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model (4), the bottom of the maxillary permanent central incisor model, the bottom of the mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model (9) and the bottom of the mandibular permanent central incisor model.

8. The upper and lower mandibular retained deciduous tooth extraction model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the maxillary deciduous molar model (1) is made of corundum.

9. The upper and lower mandibular retained deciduous tooth extraction model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials of the maxillary retained deciduous central incisor model (4), the maxillary permanent central incisor model, the mandibular retained deciduous central incisor model (9) and the mandibular permanent central incisor model are all made of corundum.

10. The upper and lower mandibular retained deciduous tooth extraction model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the jawbone model (5) is made of corundum, and the material of the gum model (6) is made of silica gel.

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