Rectangular broach for bearing retainer

Abstract

The rectangular broach for the bearing retainer comprises a front guide assembly, a cutting tooth assembly, a correcting tooth assembly and a rear guide assembly, and the front guide assembly is used for being connected with a machine tool shaft and guiding a prefabricated hole in the retainer to penetrate into the broach; the cutting tooth assembly comprises a section of circular tooth structure and a section of transition tooth structure, the diameters of the circular tooth structure and the transition tooth structure are increased from small to large, the circular tooth structure is used for preliminarily broaching the preformed hole into a circular hole, and the transition tooth structure is used for broaching the circular hole machined by the circular tooth structure into a rectangular hole; the correction tooth assembly is used for conducting finish machining and correction on the rectangular hole machined by the cutting tooth assembly. The rear guide assembly is used for guiding the retainer subjected to finish machining and correction out of the broach, and the front guide assembly, the cutting tooth assembly, the correction tooth assembly and the rear guide assembly are sequentially and coaxially connected. The device can machine and form the rectangular hole of the retainer at one time, so that the machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bearing retainer processing, and in particular to a rectangular broach for a bearing retainer. Background Art

[0002] Cylindrical roller bearings are widely used in motors, machine tools, and automotive machinery due to their high load-bearing capacity. The market demand for them is very large, and copper cages have the characteristics of impact resistance, low friction coefficient, and good thermal conductivity. Therefore, cylindrical roller cages usually use copper alloy solid cages. Because of the large demand for cylindrical roller bearings, they are often processed by boring to ensure processing costs.

[0003] Because the bottom height variation Vhc of all pocket holes is not easy to control during the hole pulling process, the broach is about to leave the broaching tool holder at the end of the hole pulling process. At this time, the broach moves forward by self-positioning on the pocket hole, which can easily cause the bottom height variation Vhc to exceed the standard. The existing technology is to mill the hole before hole pulling, leaving very little machining allowance and then hole pulling. That is, the tool needs to be replaced in such a process, which greatly reduces the machining efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a rectangular broach for a bearing retainer to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a rectangular broach for a bearing retainer to solve the problem in the prior art that milling is performed before hole broaching, leaving a small machining margin before hole broaching, i.e., the tool needs to be replaced during such a process, resulting in a significant reduction in machining efficiency.

[0006] A rectangular broach for a bearing retainer of the present invention adopts the following technical solution, including:

[0007] A front guide assembly, which is used to connect with the clamping end of the machine tool output shaft and guide the prefabricated hole on the retainer to penetrate the broach;

[0008] The cutting tooth assembly comprises: a section of circular tooth structure with increasing diameters and a section of transition tooth structure, wherein the circular tooth structure is used for initially expanding the prefabricated hole into a circular hole, and the transition tooth structure is used for expanding the circular hole processed by the circular tooth into a rectangular hole;

[0009] A correction tooth assembly is used for finishing and correcting the rectangular hole after the cutting tooth assembly is processed;

[0010] and a rear guide assembly for guiding the finely machined and corrected cage out of the broach;

[0011] Among them, the front guide assembly, the cutting tooth assembly, the correction tooth assembly and the rear guide assembly are coaxially connected in sequence.

[0012] Preferably, the transition tooth structure comprises: a first transition tooth structure and a second transition tooth structure;

[0013] The first transition tooth structure includes: an elliptical structure whose cross section is composed of two opposite outer arc tooth surfaces and two opposite straight tooth surfaces, and the straight tooth surface of the elliptical structure gradually increases along the direction from the circular tooth structure to the correction tooth assembly, and the radius of the outer arc tooth surface gradually increases;

[0014] Along the direction from the first transition tooth structure to the correction tooth assembly, the cross-section of the second transition tooth structure gradually changes from an elliptical surface composed of two opposite straight tooth surfaces and two outer arc tooth surfaces to a rectangular cross-section, wherein the lengths of the two opposite straight tooth surfaces remain unchanged, and the diameters of the two outer arc tooth surfaces increase and gradually change into straight tooth surfaces.

[0015] Preferably, the circular tooth structure comprises: a plurality of circular teeth with successively increasing diameters, and a plurality of chip dividing grooves are evenly distributed on the circumference of the circular teeth.

[0016] Preferably, the chip dividing grooves of two adjacent circular teeth are staggered.

[0017] Preferably, the correction tooth assembly comprises: a first correction tooth structure and a second correction tooth structure;

[0018] The first correction tooth structure comprises: two opposite surfaces are straight tooth surfaces, a plurality of first rectangular teeth whose two opposite surfaces are planes, and a first correction tooth, the plurality of first rectangular teeth gradually grow in a direction perpendicular to the straight tooth surfaces along the direction from the cutting tooth assembly to the rear guide assembly, and the first correction tooth is the same size as the last first rectangular tooth;

[0019] The second correction tooth structure comprises: two opposite surfaces are straight tooth surfaces, a plurality of second rectangular teeth whose two opposite surfaces are planes, and a second correction tooth, the plurality of second rectangular teeth gradually grow in a direction perpendicular to the straight tooth surfaces along the direction from the cutting tooth assembly to the rear guide assembly, and the second correction tooth is the same size as the last second rectangular tooth;

[0020] Wherein, the straight tooth surface of the first correction tooth structure is perpendicular to the straight tooth surface of the second correction tooth structure.

[0021] Preferably, the tooth lift of two adjacent first rectangular teeth and the tooth lift of two adjacent second rectangular teeth are both 0.04 mm-0.06 mm.

[0022] Preferably, the rake angles of the circular teeth, the outer arc teeth and the straight teeth of the cutting tooth assembly are greater than the rake angles of the second correction teeth and the first correction teeth.

[0023] Preferably, the front guide assembly includes: a front guide shaft and a prefabricated hole guide shaft, the front guide shaft and the prefabricated hole guide shaft are coaxially connected, and a section of the front guide shaft close to the prefabricated hole guide shaft is provided with an annular mounting groove, wherein the clamping end of the machine tool output shaft is clamped in the annular mounting groove.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] The broach of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, and can easily process a cage hole with relatively high precision; the straight teeth of the broach are all circular teeth or arc teeth, and the circumference of the teeth is evenly distributed with front and rear staggered chip dividing grooves, the circular teeth have a symmetrical structure, uniform force, and a good self-guiding effect; a circular prefabricated hole is processed before the hole is broached by a drilling machine, and there is no need to process a complex prefabricated hole, which is low-cost and high-efficiency; the problem of uncontrolled variation in the height of the cage bottom is solved, thereby improving the processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a front view of a rectangular broach for a bearing retainer of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A top view of a rectangular broach for a bearing retainer of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A perspective view of the middle cutting tooth assembly;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Sectional view at the middle BB;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Sectional view at CC;

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Sectional view at DD in the middle;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 1 Sectional view at EE;

[0035] Fig. 9 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at FF;

[0036] Fig.10 for Figure 1 Sectional view at JJ in the middle;

[0037] Fig.11 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the circular teeth in the medium circular tooth structure.

[0038] In the figure: 1. front guide assembly; 2. cutting tooth assembly; 3. correction tooth assembly; 4. rear guide assembly; 5. chip dividing groove; 11. front guide shaft; 12. annular mounting groove; 13. prefabricated hole guide shaft; 21. circular tooth structure; 22. first transition tooth structure; 23. second transition tooth structure; 31. first correction tooth structure; 32. second correction tooth structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] An embodiment of a rectangular broach for a bearing cage of the present invention, in this embodiment, a cage diameter of ø240mm is taken as an example, the industry standard for the bottom height variation Vhc of the cage with the highest precision grade P2 is 0.1mm, and the beam width variation Vbc is 0.3-0.6mm according to different models, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a front guide assembly 1, a cutting tooth assembly 2, a correction tooth assembly 3 and a rear guide assembly 4. The front guide assembly 1 is used to connect with the machine tool shaft and guide the prefabricated hole on the retainer to penetrate the broach, that is, Figure 2 As shown, the front guide assembly 1 includes: a front guide shaft 11 and a prefabricated hole guide shaft 13, the front guide shaft 11 and the prefabricated hole guide shaft 13 are coaxially connected, and a section of the front guide shaft 11 close to the prefabricated hole guide shaft 13 is provided with an annular mounting groove 12, and the clamping end of the machine tool output shaft is clamped in the annular mounting groove 12, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the front guide shaft 11 at the annular mounting groove 12; the cutting tooth assembly 2 comprises: a section of circular tooth structure 21 with diameters from small to large and a section of transition tooth structure, the circular tooth structure 21 is used to initially expand the prefabricated hole into a circular hole, and the transition tooth structure is used to expand the circular hole processed by the circular tooth 21 into a rectangular hole; the correction tooth assembly 3 is used to fine-process and correct the rectangular hole processed by the cutting tooth assembly 2; the rear guide assembly 4 is used to guide the finely processed and corrected retainer out of the broach, as shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown, the rear guide assembly 4 is a rectangular body, and the rectangular bodies are all chamfered; wherein, the front guide assembly 1, the cutting tooth assembly 2, the correction tooth assembly 3 and the rear guide assembly 4 are coaxially connected in sequence.

[0041] Specifically, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the transition tooth structure includes: a first transition tooth structure 22 and a second transition tooth structure 23; wherein, as Figure 6 As shown, the first transition tooth structure 22 includes: an elliptical structure whose cross section is composed of two opposite outer arc tooth surfaces and two opposite straight tooth surfaces, and the straight tooth surfaces of the elliptical structure gradually increase along the direction from the circular tooth structure 21 to the correction tooth assembly 3, and the radius of the outer arc tooth surface gradually increases; along the direction from the first transition tooth structure 22 to the correction tooth assembly 3, the second transition tooth structure 23 whose cross section is composed of two opposite straight tooth surfaces and two outer arc tooth surfaces gradually changes into a rectangular cross section, wherein the lengths of the two opposite straight tooth surfaces remain unchanged, and the diameters of the two outer arc tooth surfaces increase and gradually change into straight tooth surfaces, wherein, as shown Figure 7 As shown, this cross-sectional view is a schematic diagram of the intermediate cross-section of the second transition tooth structure 23 where an elliptical surface consisting of two opposite straight tooth surfaces and two outer arc tooth surfaces gradually changes into a rectangular cross-section.

[0042] Specifically, the circular tooth structure 21 includes: a plurality of circular teeth with successively increasing diameters, and the cross-sectional view of each circular tooth is as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, in order to better break and remove chips, chip grooves 5 are provided on the circumference of the circular teeth at intervals of 4-7 mm. In this embodiment, a chip groove 5 is processed at intervals of 5 mm. Specifically, in order to improve chip breaking and make the broach force uniform so as to increase the roughness, the chip grooves of two adjacent circular teeth are staggered.

[0043] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the correction tooth assembly 3 includes: a first correction tooth structure 31 and a second correction tooth structure 32; the first correction tooth structure 31 includes: two opposite surfaces are straight tooth surfaces, a plurality of first rectangular teeth with two opposite surfaces being planes, and a first correction tooth, and the plurality of first rectangular teeth gradually grow in a direction perpendicular to the straight tooth surfaces along the direction from the cutting tooth assembly 2 to the rear guide assembly 4, and the first correction tooth is the same size as the last first rectangular tooth. Specifically, the cross section of the first rectangular tooth is as shown in Figure 8 As shown; the second correction tooth structure 32 includes: two opposite surfaces are straight tooth surfaces, a plurality of second rectangular teeth with two opposite surfaces being planes, and a second correction tooth, and the plurality of second rectangular teeth gradually grow in a direction perpendicular to the straight tooth surface along the direction from the cutting tooth assembly 2 to the rear guide assembly 4. Specifically, the cross section of the second rectangular tooth is as shown Fig. 9 As shown, the second correction tooth is the same size as the last second rectangular tooth; wherein the straight tooth surface of the first correction tooth structure 31 is perpendicular to the straight tooth surface of the second correction tooth structure 32. Specifically, the tooth rise of two adjacent first rectangular teeth and the tooth rise of two adjacent second rectangular teeth are both 0.04mm-0.06mm, and the tooth rise in this embodiment is 0.05mm.

[0044] Specifically, since the cutting process requires increasing the sharpness of the tool and improving the cutting efficiency, and the correction teeth need to increase the strength of the cutter teeth and increase the number of times the tool can be sharpened and the life of the tool, in this embodiment, the rake angles of the circular teeth, the outer arc teeth, and the straight teeth of the cutting tooth assembly 2 are greater than the rake angles of the second correction teeth and the first correction teeth, such as Fig.11 As shown, taking the square hole 8*12 as an example, the structural parameters of the cutting teeth and the correction teeth in this embodiment are shown in Table 1 below.

[0045] Table 1

[0046]

[0047] Specific working principle

[0048] When in use, first fix the retaining frame with prefabricated holes on the machine tool, then pass the front guide shaft 11 of the front guide assembly 1 through the prefabricated hole of the retaining frame, and clamp the clamping end of the machine tool output shaft in the annular mounting groove 12 to fix the broach, then, start controlling the extension and retraction of the machine tool output shaft to drive the broach to move, the circular tooth structure 21 on the broach expands the prefabricated hole, the first transition tooth structure 22 cuts the expanded circular hole to gradually process the circular hole into a rectangular hole size with a margin in the vertical direction to form an elliptical hole, then, the second transition tooth structure 23 continues to process the elliptical hole into a square hole, the first rectangular teeth in the first correction tooth structure 31 and the second rectangular teeth in the second correction tooth structure 32 successively cut the margins of the front and rear inner walls and the upper and lower inner walls of the square hole, finally, the first correction teeth and the second correction teeth correct the size of the front and rear inner walls and the upper and lower inner walls, and the processed retaining frame can be obtained, and the processed retaining frame is guided out of the rear guide assembly 4.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rectangular broach for a bearing retainer, characterized in that: include: A front guide assembly (1) is used to connect to the clamping end of the machine tool output shaft and guide the prefabricated hole on the retaining frame to penetrate the broach; A cutting tooth assembly (2), comprising: a section of circular tooth structures (21) with increasing diameters and a section of transition tooth structures (22), wherein the circular tooth structures (21) are used to initially expand a prefabricated hole into a circular hole, and the transition tooth structures are used to expand a circular hole processed by the circular tooth structures (21) into a rectangular hole; A correction tooth assembly (3) is used to perform fine machining and correction on the rectangular hole machined by the cutting tooth assembly (2); and a rear guide assembly (4) for guiding the finely machined and corrected retainer out of the broach; The front guide assembly (1), the cutting tooth assembly (2), the correction tooth assembly (3) and the rear guide assembly (4) are coaxially connected in sequence.

2. A rectangular broach for a bearing retainer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transition tooth structure comprises: a first transition tooth structure (22) and a second transition tooth structure (23); The first transition tooth structure (22) comprises: an elliptical structure having a cross section consisting of two opposite outer arc tooth surfaces and two opposite straight tooth surfaces, wherein the straight tooth surfaces of the elliptical structure gradually increase in the direction from the circular tooth structure (21) to the correction tooth assembly (3), and the radius of the outer arc tooth surface gradually increases; Along the direction from the first transition tooth structure (22) to the correction tooth assembly (3), the cross-section of the second transition tooth structure (23) is an elliptical surface consisting of two opposite straight tooth surfaces and two outer arc tooth surfaces, which gradually changes into a rectangular cross-section, wherein the lengths of the two opposite straight tooth surfaces remain unchanged, and the diameters of the two outer arc tooth surfaces increase and gradually change into straight tooth surfaces.

3. A rectangular broach for a bearing retainer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circular tooth structure (21) comprises: a plurality of circular teeth with successively increasing diameters, wherein a plurality of chip dividing grooves (5) are evenly distributed on the circumference of the circular teeth.

4. A rectangular broach for a bearing retainer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The chip dividing grooves (5) of two adjacent circular teeth are arranged in a staggered manner.

5. A rectangular broach for a bearing retainer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The correction tooth assembly (3) comprises: a first correction tooth structure (31) and a second correction tooth structure (32); The first correction tooth structure (31) comprises: two opposing surfaces are straight tooth surfaces, a plurality of first rectangular teeth whose two opposing surfaces are planes, and a first correction tooth, wherein the plurality of first rectangular teeth gradually increase in a direction perpendicular to the straight tooth surfaces along a direction from the cutting tooth component (2) to the rear guide component (4), and the first correction tooth is the same size as the last first rectangular tooth; The second correction tooth structure (32) comprises: two opposite surfaces being straight tooth surfaces, a plurality of second rectangular teeth having two opposite surfaces being planes, and a second correction tooth, wherein the plurality of second rectangular teeth gradually grow in a direction perpendicular to the straight tooth surfaces along the direction from the cutting tooth assembly (2) to the rear guide assembly (4), and the second correction tooth is the same size as the last second rectangular tooth; The straight tooth surface of the first correction tooth structure (31) is perpendicular to the straight tooth surface of the second correction tooth structure (32).

6. A rectangular broach for a bearing retainer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tooth lift of two adjacent first rectangular teeth and the tooth lift of two adjacent second rectangular teeth are both 0.04mm-0.06mm.

7. A rectangular broach for a bearing retainer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rake angles of the circular teeth, the outer arc teeth and the straight teeth of the cutting tooth assembly (2) are greater than the rake angles of the second correction teeth and the first correction teeth.

8. A rectangular broach for a bearing retainer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front guide assembly (1) comprises: a front guide shaft (11) and a preformed hole guide shaft (13); the front guide shaft (11) and the preformed hole guide shaft (13) are coaxially connected; a section of the front guide shaft (11) close to the preformed hole guide shaft (13) is provided with an annular mounting groove (12), wherein a clamping end of a machine tool output shaft is clamped in the annular mounting groove (12).

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