Replacement resistance-increasing supporting and filling structure for surrounding rock of roadway containing weak interlayer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a surrounding rock replacement resistance-increasing supporting and filling structure for a roadway containing a weak interlayer, and relates to the technical field of coal mining. The structure is arranged in a roadway side excavation groove and comprises a resistance increasing supporting device and a filling body assembly. The resistance-increasing supporting device comprises a supporting assembly and an adjusting lead screw. The supporting assembly comprises two supporting bases which are symmetrically arranged up and down and a supporting rod which is arranged between the upper supporting base and the lower supporting base and used for connecting the two supporting bases. A sliding block is arranged on the supporting rod and arranged on the adjusting lead screw in a sleeving mode, and an internal thread matched with the adjusting lead screw is formed in the sliding block. The filling body assembly comprises a filling body and a slurry blocking baffle arranged at the excavation notch, and a filling opening is formed in the slurry blocking baffle. The filling structure not only can improve the bearing strength of surrounding rock, but also can isolate water vapor from a weak interlayer and a roadway and prevent the weak interlayer from being softened and argillized, and large frictional resistance exists between the filling structure and the upper and lower coal rock masses, so that the filling body is prevented from being extruded under pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a surrounding rock replacement resistance-increasing support filling structure for a tunnel containing a soft interlayer. Background Art

[0002] Coal resources will dominate my country's disposable energy structure for a long time in the future, so it is particularly important to rationally develop and utilize coal resources, and the stability of mine tunnels directly determines the safety of the working face. The geological conditions of coal storage are complex. The presence of weak interlayers in some coal seams reduces the bearing capacity of the tunnel surrounding rock, reduces tunnel stability, increases tunnel deformation, and may cause serious dislocation of the tunnel wall. When the proportion of clay minerals in the weak interlayer is high, the interlayer will be softened and squeezed out when it encounters water or absorbs moisture, further increasing tunnel deformation.

[0003] At present, the technology for controlling the surrounding rock of conventional tunnels at home and abroad has been relatively complete, but there are relatively few control technologies for tunnels with weak interlayers, which are mainly shotcrete isolation and enhanced support. Shotcrete refers to the use of specific materials to spray the weak interlayer area to form an isolation layer to isolate the weak interlayer from the water source, preventing moisture from causing further deterioration of the physical and mechanical properties of the weak interlayer. Enhanced support refers to the use of anchor cables to reinforce the weak interlayer area, improve the overall stability of the tunnel by applying prestress, or support or block the weak interlayer by laying anchor nets, steel beams, etc., to prevent the weak interlayer from squeezing outward, so as to control the deformation and displacement of the rock mass, improve the stress state of the rock mass, and improve the strength and self-stabilization ability of the rock mass itself.

[0004] However, the current control methods for the weak interlayer in the middle of the tunnel are not very effective. The main reasons are: 1. The shotcrete isolation method cannot improve the bearing capacity of the tunnel surrounding rock, and can only isolate the water vapor from the tunnel, but cannot isolate the groundwater seepage from the surrounding rock; 2. Traditional support methods in strengthened support are difficult to adapt to the deformation characteristics of the weak interlayer, resulting in low support efficiency and inability to effectively control the mudification of the weak interlayer. Anchor nets and steel beams cannot effectively prevent the extrusion of the weak interlayer.

[0005] In summary, the existing tunnel control technologies such as ordinary shotcrete layers, anchor cables, anchor nets and other support control structures have poor control effects when facing tunnels with soft interlayers and cannot guarantee the stability of the tunnels. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model discloses a surrounding rock replacement resistance-enhancing support filling structure for a tunnel containing soft interlayers, which can not only improve the bearing strength of the surrounding rock, but also isolate the soft interlayers from water vapor in the tunnel to prevent the soft interlayers from softening and muddying. In addition, there is a large friction resistance between the filling structure and the upper and lower coal and rock masses to avoid compression and extrusion of the filling body.

[0007] According to the purpose of the utility model, a resistance-enhancing support filling structure for replacing surrounding rock of a tunnel containing a weak interlayer is proposed. The structure is arranged in an excavated groove at the side of the tunnel, and includes a resistance-enhancing support device and a filling body assembly; the resistance-enhancing support device includes a support assembly and an adjusting screw, the support assembly includes two support bases symmetrically arranged up and down, and a support rod arranged between the upper and lower support bases for connecting the two support bases; the support rods are two symmetrically arranged groups, each group of the support rods includes two sub-support rods, the adjacent ends of the two sub-support rods are hinged, and the distal ends are rotatably connected to the corresponding support bases respectively; a slider is provided at the hinge point of the support rod, the slider is sleeved on the adjusting screw, and an internal thread matching the adjusting screw is provided inside; the filling body assembly includes a filling body and a slurry-blocking baffle arranged at the excavation groove, and a filling port is provided on the slurry-blocking baffle.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of cones are arranged on opposite sides of the two support bases.

[0009] Preferably, the resistance-increasing support device is a plurality of groups evenly distributed along the direction of the excavated groove, and the support components in each group of resistance-increasing support device are one or more evenly distributed along the depth direction of the excavated groove, and the plurality of support components are adjusted in series by an adjusting screw.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the adjusting screw rod extending out of the excavated groove is provided with a control end head for rotating the adjusting screw rod.

[0011] Preferably, the filling body is concrete with an appropriate amount of expansion agent added.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the surrounding rock replacement resistance-increasing support filling structure for a tunnel containing a weak interlayer disclosed by the utility model are:

[0013] The utility model can improve the bearing strength of surrounding rock, isolate weak interlayers from water vapor in the roadway by setting a filling body in the excavation groove of the roadway side, and prevent the weak interlayer from softening and muddying. At the same time, a resistance-increasing support device is set in the filling body, which can make the filling structure have a larger friction resistance with the upper and lower coal and rock bodies, and avoid the filling body from being squeezed out. The structure is simple to implement, has a good supporting effect, has a good effect on the treatment of weak interlayers, can improve the bearing capacity of surrounding rock, and prevent the risk of slippage of the roadway side to a certain extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the drag-enhancing support device.

[0017] In the figure: 1-tunnel; 2-excavation groove; 3-weak interlayer; 4-filling body; 5-resistance-increasing support device; 51-support base; 52-sub-support rod; 53-adjusting screw rod; 54-cone; 55-control end; 6-slurry-blocking baffle; 7-filling port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The specific implementation of the utility model is briefly described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 1-Figure 2 The preferred embodiments of the utility model are shown and analyzed in detail.

[0020] like Figure 1 The structure is set in the excavation groove 2 of the side of the tunnel 1, and includes a resistance-enhancing support device 5 as a support framework and a filling body assembly. The resistance-enhancing support device 5 is evenly distributed along the excavation groove 2.

[0021] like Figure 2As shown, the resistance-increasing support device 5 includes a support assembly and an adjusting screw 53. The support assemblies in each group of the resistance-increasing support device 5 are multiple and evenly distributed along the depth direction of the excavated groove 2, and the multiple support assemblies are adjusted in series by an adjusting screw. The support assembly includes two support bases 51 symmetrically arranged above and below, a support rod arranged between the upper and lower support bases 51 for connecting the two support bases 51, and multiple cones 54 arranged on the opposite sides of the two support bases 51. The support rods are two groups symmetrically arranged, and each group of support rods includes two sub-support rods 52, and the two sub-support rods 52 are hinged at adjacent ends, and the distal ends are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding support bases 51. A slider is provided at the hinge point of the support rod, and the slider is sleeved on the adjusting screw 53, and an internal thread matching the adjusting screw 53 is provided inside. The end of the adjusting screw 53 extending out of the excavated groove 2 is provided with a control end 55 for rotating the adjusting screw 53. When the resistance-increasing support device 5 is working, the electric torque wrench is used to twist the control end 55 to drive the screw to rotate, and the support rod is contracted or opened between the support seat and the support base 51, and the support seat is driven to move up and down under the premise that the support base 51 is fixed. The setting of the cone 54 can make the cone 54 embedded in the top and bottom plates of the excavation groove 2 under pressure when the support assembly is opened, so as to increase the friction resistance between the filling body 4 and the upper and lower coal ridges, reduce the lateral displacement of the coal ridges on both sides, and improve the overall support strength of the surrounding rock.

[0022] The filling body assembly includes a filling body 4 and a slurry blocking baffle disposed at the opening of the excavated groove 2, and a filling port 7 is disposed on the slurry blocking baffle. The filling body 4 is concrete with an appropriate amount of expansion agent added. The filling body 4 has the characteristics of strong bearing capacity, good insulation, flame retardancy and explosion resistance, and good integrity.

[0023] A construction method for a surrounding rock replacement resistance-enhancing support filling structure of a tunnel 1 containing a weak interlayer 3 is carried out in the following steps: (1) Measure the height and mud depth of the weak interlayer 3 on site, and use this to determine the height and depth of the excavation groove 2. The height of the excavation groove 2 must be higher than the thickness of the weak interlayer 3, and the depth must be greater than the maximum mud depth of the weak interlayer 3. After the surface of the tunnel 1 in the construction area is trimmed and leveled, the specific slotting position is determined and the contour line is marked; (2) Use a slotting machine to cut the weak interlayer 3 along the marked contour line and perform segmented slotting operations. The slotting extension direction is consistent with the excavation direction of the tunnel 1. The length of the excavation groove 2 is preferably consistent with the excavation footage. Workers use hand picks and other tools to repair the cut groove wall and use air guns to clean the residue in the groove; (3) According to the excavation footage of the tunnel 1, install a group of resistance-enhancing support devices 5 at a certain interval in the excavation groove 2 (the interval distance is determined according to the actual situation on site), and use an electric torque wrench to rotate the control end 55 Raise the resistance-enhancing support device 5 until the cones 54 on the two support bases 51 in the resistance-enhancing support device 5 completely cut into the top and bottom plates of the excavation groove 2; (4) In order to solve the problems of instability of the excavation area caused by the excavation groove 2, or even coal body crushing and collapse, after the resistance-enhancing support device 5 is installed, the excavation groove 2 is filled and sealed with concrete, and workers use a push-chain concrete spraying unit to fill the excavation groove 2. Before filling, a slurry blocking plate is used to block the excavation groove 2, leaving only the filling port 7 for spraying filling to prevent the slurry from flowing out; when spraying, the machine should first spray from the deep of the excavation groove 2, from deep to shallow. (5) After the filling body 4 is completely solidified, the area near the weak interlayer 3 is sprayed and sealed. The spraying material should have good sealing barrier properties, ductility and a certain degree of deformation resistance, and the effect of isolating water vapor is achieved by forming a spraying layer.

[0024] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables professionals in the field to implement and use the utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to professionals in the field, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Therefore, the utility model will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A surrounding rock replacement resistance-increasing support filling structure for a tunnel containing a weak interlayer, characterized in that: The structure is arranged in an excavated groove (2) at the side of a tunnel (1), and comprises a resistance-increasing support device (5) and a filling body assembly; the resistance-increasing support device (5) comprises a support assembly and an adjusting screw (53), the support assembly comprises two support bases (51) symmetrically arranged up and down, and a support rod arranged between the two support bases (51) for connecting the two support bases (51); the support rods are arranged in two groups symmetrically, each group of the support rods comprises two sub-support rods (52), the two sub-support rods (52) are hinged at adjacent ends, and the distal ends are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding support bases (51); a slider is arranged at the hinge point of the support rod, the slider is sleeved on the adjusting screw (53), and an internal thread matching the adjusting screw (53) is provided inside the slider; the filling body assembly comprises a filling body (4) and a slurry-blocking baffle (6) arranged at the opening of the excavated groove (2), and a filling port (7) is provided on the slurry-blocking baffle (6).

2. The surrounding rock replacement resistance-increasing support filling structure of a tunnel containing a weak interlayer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of cones (54) are arranged on opposite sides of the two support bases (51).

3. The surrounding rock replacement resistance-increasing support filling structure of a tunnel containing a weak interlayer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The resistance-increasing support device (5) is a plurality of groups evenly distributed along the direction of the excavated groove (2); the support components in each group of resistance-increasing support devices (5) are one or more evenly distributed along the depth direction of the excavated groove (2); and the plurality of support components are adjusted in series by an adjusting screw rod.

4. The surrounding rock replacement resistance-increasing support filling structure of a tunnel containing a weak interlayer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The end of the adjusting screw rod (53) extending out of the excavated groove (2) is provided with a control end head (55) for rotating the adjusting screw rod (53).

5. The surrounding rock replacement resistance-increasing support filling structure of a tunnel containing a weak interlayer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filling body (4) is concrete with an expansion agent added.

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