Small circularly polarized antenna

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and provides a small circularly polarized antenna, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a radiation unit mechanism arranged above the dielectric substrate and used for wireless communication, and a welding mechanism arranged below the dielectric substrate and used for antenna installation. The working performance of the circularly polarized antenna is greatly improved through the arranged radiation unit mechanism, the antenna size is reduced to 1 / 9 wavelength and far smaller than 1 / 2 wavelength by adopting the antenna scheme of the short circuit needle and the double snakelike lines, and circular polarization is realized by adopting the size differential of the two groups of miniaturized units. Wherein the position of the feed probe determines left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization, the arranged circular polarization antenna structure is more miniaturized and better suitable for various scenes, and during production, a high dielectric constant material is not needed to be used as a dielectric substrate, meanwhile, complex processes such as plate edge copper plating are not needed, and the antenna cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a small circular polarization antenna. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the rapid development of mobile communications and the continuous iteration of various communication equipment, the requirements for lateral antennas are becoming higher and higher. Faced with multiple working frequencies of wireless communication equipment, only when the antenna completely covers the entire working frequency band can the working efficiency of the direction-finding antenna be guaranteed. At the same time, the circularly polarized antenna can receive electromagnetic waves in various polarization directions, which can improve the utilization rate of the spectrum, effectively combat channel multipath fading, and improve the anti-interference ability of the system. In addition, the radiating unit adopts a gradient slot antenna to ensure the broadband and high gain characteristics of the direction-finding antenna. For mobile direction-finding systems, the direction-finding antenna is of course as small as possible while ensuring its radiation performance. However, the miniaturization of the antenna size is at the expense of gain loss. For the phased array of direction-finding antennas, the size of the unit antenna has a direct impact on the overall volume of the antenna array. Therefore, miniaturization also has great research value for the direction-finding system.

[0003] After searching, a Chinese patent with publication number CN209401838U mentioned a broadband circularly polarized antenna. The microstrip patch is composed of a first microstrip patch with a strip rectangular structure and a second microstrip patch with a strip rectangular structure that is bent 90 degrees in the same direction. Two single microstrip patches with a phase difference of 90 degrees are branched out through a single feeding point feeding probe for feeding, thereby forming two resonance points, forming a double-peak resonance form, and realizing a solution of circular polarization technology in a combination of single feed and multi-feed. The solution has a wider axial ratio bandwidth, and the formation of a double resonance peak form in the passband further widens the antenna standing wave bandwidth. The antenna has a simple structure, is easy to process, and has low cost, and can meet the electrical performance index requirements of the system.

[0004] However, antennas are widely used in various fields of society and have different application scenarios. They need to realize navigation positioning, polarization communication and other tasks. For example, circularly polarized antennas are a widely used communication equipment. However, with the development of social technology, the production technology requirements of circularly polarized antennas are also increasing. The existing circularly polarized antennas have a large structure, a limited scope of use, and a high cost.

[0005] Therefore, those skilled in the art have proposed a small circularly polarized antenna to solve the problem raised in the background art. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a small circularly polarized antenna to solve the problems of limited use range, high cost, and insufficient miniaturization of the circularly polarized antenna in the prior art.

[0007] A small circular polarization antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a radiation unit mechanism for wireless communication is arranged above the dielectric substrate, and a welding mechanism for antenna installation is arranged below the dielectric substrate.

[0008] Preferably, the radiation unit mechanism includes a radiation unit plate and a unit assembly.

[0009] Preferably, the unit assembly includes a first unit and a first double serpentine line, the first double serpentine line is arranged on the inner side of the first unit, and the first unit is a frame structure opened at the diagonal of the radiation unit plate.

[0010] Preferably, the first unit is symmetrically arranged with the second unit, and the second unit is also a frame structure opened at the diagonal of the radiation unit board, a second double serpentine line is arranged on the inner side of the second unit, and short-circuit needles are arranged above the first unit and the second unit and penetrate the radiation unit board, one end of the first double serpentine line and the second double serpentine line are connected by a connecting wire, and the other end of the connecting wire is connected to the short-circuit needle.

[0011] Preferably, a feeding probe is provided through the top of the radiation unit board.

[0012] Preferably, the welding mechanism includes a metal floor and a welding assembly, and the welding assembly is connected underneath the metal floor.

[0013] Preferably, the welding assembly includes a feeding pad and a fixed grounding pad, and both the feeding pad and the fixed grounding pad are connected under the metal floor.

[0014] Preferably, a PCB mainboard for antenna installation is connected to the outside of the welding assembly, a radio frequency module is provided on the outside of the PCB mainboard, and a microstrip line for connecting the antenna body is provided above the radio frequency module.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The utility model greatly improves the working performance of the circularly polarized antenna by means of the radiation unit mechanism, adopts the antenna scheme of short-circuit pin and double serpentine line, reduces the antenna size to 1 / 9 wavelength, which is much smaller than the theoretical size of 1 / 2 wavelength, and realizes circular polarization by using the slight difference in size of two groups of miniaturized units, wherein the position of the feeding probe determines the left-hand circular polarization and the right-hand circular polarization.

[0017] 2. The circularly polarized antenna structure provided in the utility model is more miniaturized and better suitable for various scenarios. During production, no high dielectric constant material is required as a dielectric substrate, and no complex processes such as copper plating on the edge of the board are required, which greatly reduces the cost of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall perspective structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a perspective structural diagram of the radiation unit mechanism of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a perspective structural diagram of the welding mechanism of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the welding mechanism of the utility model from a second viewing angle;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure with an enlarged viewing angle in area A in the middle.

[0023] In the figure:

[0024] 1. Dielectric substrate; 2. Radiating unit mechanism; 3. Welding mechanism; 4. Radiating unit board; 5. First unit; 6. First double serpentine line; 7. Second unit; 8. Second double serpentine line; 9. Short-circuit pin; 10. Feed probe; 11. Metal floor; 12. Feed pad; 13. Fixed ground pad; 14. PCB main board; 15. RF module; 16. Microstrip line; 17. Connecting line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following is a further detailed description of the implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] As attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 5 As shown:

[0027] Embodiment 1: The utility model provides a small circular polarization antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate 1 , a radiation unit mechanism 2 for wireless communication is arranged above the dielectric substrate 1 , and a welding mechanism 3 for antenna installation is arranged below the dielectric substrate 1 .

[0028] The radiation unit mechanism 2 includes a radiation unit board 4 and a unit assembly.

[0029] The unit assembly includes a first unit 5 and a first double serpentine line 6 . The first double serpentine line 6 is arranged inside the first unit 5 . The first unit 5 is a frame structure opened at the diagonal position of the radiation unit plate 4 .

[0030] The first unit 5 is symmetrically arranged with the second unit 7. The second unit 7 also has a frame structure and is opened at the diagonal of the radiation unit plate 4. A second double serpentine line 8 is arranged on the inner side of the second unit 7. Short-circuit needles 9 are arranged above the first unit 5 and the second unit 7 and penetrate the radiation unit plate 4. One end of the first double serpentine line 6 and the second double serpentine line 8 are connected with a connecting line 17, and the other end of the connecting line 17 is connected to the short-circuit needle 9.

[0031] A feeding probe 10 is provided through the top of the radiation unit board 4 .

[0032] The radiation unit board 4 is kept electrically isolated from the unit assembly.

[0033] The first unit 5 and the second unit 7 are formed by cutting "pin"-shaped openings at the four corners of a rectangular metal conductor. The radiation miniaturization unit is composed of two groups of connecting wires 17 and double serpentine wires located at the four corners, wherein the diagonal connecting wires 17 and the double serpentine wires are a group and have the same size. Four short-circuit needles 9 respectively pass through the dielectric substrate 1 to connect the metal floor 11 and the radiation miniaturization unit. The metal floor 11 is located on another layer of the dielectric substrate 1 and is provided with five pad areas, wherein the four peripheral ones are fixed ground pads 13, and the middle one is a feeding pad 12. The dielectric substrate 1 is an insulating material, including but not limited to FR4, foam, ceramic, etc. The feeding probe 10 passes through the metal floor 11 and the dielectric substrate 1 to feed the radiation unit.

[0034] From the above, it can be seen that the size of the small circularly polarized antenna is a 20*20mm cubic structure with a thickness of 3mm. FR4 is used as the dielectric substrate 1. The miniaturized unit is a double serpentine line. The size of the serpentine line is 2mm in length, 0.3mm in line width, and 0.3mm in spacing. The length of the first double serpentine line 6 and the second double serpentine line 8 are the same, both of which are 7.5mm. At the same time, the length of the first connecting line 17 is 2.4mm, and the length of the second connecting line 17 is 3mm. The resonant perturbation is achieved through the size difference of the connecting line 17, thereby realizing the circular polarization characteristics.

[0035] Embodiment 2: The welding mechanism 3 includes a metal floor 11 and a welding assembly, and the welding assembly is connected to the bottom of the metal floor 11 .

[0036] The welding assembly includes a feeding pad 12 and a fixed grounding pad 13 . The feeding pad 12 and the fixed grounding pad 13 are both connected to the bottom of the metal floor 11 . There are four groups of fixed grounding pads 13 .

[0037] A PCB mainboard 14 for antenna installation is connected to the outside of the welding assembly, a radio frequency module 15 is arranged on the outside of the PCB mainboard 14, and a microstrip line 16 for connecting the antenna body is arranged above the radio frequency module 15.

[0038] The circularly polarized antenna is connected to the corresponding PCB main board 14 through five welding points. The PCB main board 14 is usually composed of a radio frequency module 15, a microstrip line 16 and a circularly polarized antenna. The circularly polarized antenna is connected to the PCB main board 14 through a feed pad 12 and a fixed ground pad 13.

[0039] During the test, the antenna's resonant frequency is 1575MHz, the bandwidth reaches 50MHz, and the relative bandwidth exceeds 3%; the axial ratio diagram data shows that the axial ratio corresponding to 1575MHz is less than 1.5, and the bandwidth with an axial ratio less than 2 reaches 40MHz; the gain diagram data shows that the gain corresponding to 1575MHz reaches 2.3dBi; the difference between the main polarization and the cross polarization is greater than 25dB, and the overall circular polarization characteristics are good. At the same time, the antenna size is less than 1 / 9 of the wavelength, and the thickness is less than 1 / 50 of the wavelength, realizing an extremely small circularly polarized antenna.

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention are provided for the purpose of illustration and description. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A small circularly polarized antenna, characterized in that: It comprises a dielectric substrate (1), a radiation unit mechanism (2) for wireless communication is provided above the dielectric substrate (1), and a welding mechanism (3) for antenna installation is provided below the dielectric substrate (1).

2. A small circularly polarized antenna as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation unit mechanism (2) comprises a radiation unit plate (4) and a unit assembly.

3. A small circularly polarized antenna as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The unit assembly comprises a first unit (5) and a first double serpentine line (6), wherein the first double serpentine line (6) is arranged on the inner side of the first unit (5), and the first unit (5) is a frame structure opened at the diagonal position of the radiation unit plate (4).

4. A small circularly polarized antenna as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The first unit (5) is symmetrically provided with a second unit (7); the second unit (7) is also a frame structure and is opened at the diagonal position of the radiation unit board (4); a second double serpentine line (8) is provided inside the second unit (7); short-circuit pins (9) are provided above the first unit (5) and the second unit (7) and penetrate the radiation unit board (4); one end of the first double serpentine line (6) and the second double serpentine line (8) are connected with a connecting line (17); the other end of the connecting line (17) is connected to the short-circuit pin (9).

5. A small circularly polarized antenna as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A feeding probe (10) is provided through the top of the radiation unit plate (4).

6. A small circularly polarized antenna as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The welding mechanism (3) comprises a metal floor (11) and a welding assembly, wherein the welding assembly is connected to the bottom of the metal floor (11).

7. A small circularly polarized antenna as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The welding assembly comprises a feeding pad (12) and a fixed grounding pad (13), and the feeding pad (12) and the fixed grounding pad (13) are both connected to the bottom of the metal floor (11).

8. A small circularly polarized antenna as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: A PCB mainboard (14) for antenna installation is connected to the outside of the welding assembly, a radio frequency module (15) is arranged on the outside of the PCB mainboard (14), and a microstrip line (16) for connecting to an antenna body is arranged above the radio frequency module (15).

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