Annular heat pipe reactor externally connected with compensation tank

Abstract

The utility model relates to an annular heat pipe reactor externally connected with a compensation tank, which comprises a shell, an annular heat pipe, a catalyst basket, a catalyst and the compensation tank, the catalyst basket is coaxially arranged in the shell, the catalyst is filled in the catalyst basket, one section of the annular heat pipe positioned in the catalyst basket is called as an evaporation section, and one section of the annular heat pipe positioned outside the catalyst basket is called as a condensation section. An air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are arranged at one end of the shell, the air outlet pipe extends into the shell to be connected with the catalyst basket, and the compensation tank is located outside the shell and connected with the two ends of the annular heat pipe. By adopting an annular heat pipe structure, the heat exchanger has the advantages of high heat transfer efficiency, uniform temperature distribution, capability of realizing wide load flexibility, self-adaption and control of'load moving along with a source 'and the like; the method is especially suitable for the control characteristics of wide load flexibility and'load moving along with the source 'of device system operation load uncertainty change caused by green electricity and green hydrogen synthetic chemical products or fuels (such as green ammonia and green alcohol) with the characteristics of volatility, intermittency, randomness and the like in a green electricity scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an annular heat pipe reactor with an external compensation tank, belonging to the technical field of heat pipe reactors. Background Art

[0002] A heat pipe is a heat transfer element with high thermal conductivity. It transfers heat through the phase change of the working fluid and has the advantages of high heat transfer efficiency and good temperature uniformity. A heat pipe reactor is a heat pipe technology applied to a chemical reactor. The heat transfer and temperature control during the reaction process are achieved through the heat transfer of the heat pipe.

[0003] However, most existing heat pipe reactors use straight heat pipes, and the space for the gas-liquid two-phase conversion of the working fluid in the heat pipe is limited. When exchanging heat with the outside world, the pressure in the heat pipe fluctuates greatly with the heat exchange amount, so that the heat exchange adaptability between the heat pipe and the outside world cannot be met. There are a series of problems such as low operating load range, uneven temperature distribution, and untimely heat exchange. In addition, the existing traditional chemical reactors are not suitable for the characteristics of raw material feed volatility, intermittency, and randomness in green electricity and green hydrogen scenarios, and cannot achieve wide load flexibility and "load-follow-source" control. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model discloses an annular heat pipe reactor with an external compensation tank, and its specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] A ring-shaped heat pipe reactor with an external compensation tank, comprising a shell (300), a ring-shaped heat pipe (301), a catalyst basket (302), a catalyst (303) and a compensation tank (200), wherein the catalyst basket (302) is coaxially arranged inside the shell (300), the catalyst (303) is filled in the catalyst basket (302), the internal space of the catalyst basket (302) is called a reaction chamber, there are a plurality of ring-shaped heat pipes (301), and the evaporation section and the condensation section of the ring-shaped heat pipe (301) are evenly distributed inside and outside the reaction chamber;

[0006] The housing (300) is provided with an air inlet pipe (100) and an air outlet pipe (101), wherein the air outlet pipe (101) extends into the housing (300) and is connected to one end of the catalyst basket (302), and the other end of the catalyst basket (302) is provided with an air vent for gas to enter;

[0007] The compensation tank (200) is located outside the shell (300); the upper end of the compensation tank (200) is connected to the annular heat pipe (301) in the shell (300) through a compensation tank gas phase communicating pipe (202); the lower end of the compensation tank (200) is connected to the annular heat pipe (301) in the shell (300) through a compensation tank liquid phase communicating pipe (204); the compensation tank gas phase communicating pipe (202) is provided with a compensation tank gas phase valve (203); the compensation tank liquid phase communicating pipe (204) is provided with a compensation tank liquid phase valve (205); and a compensation tank heating and cooling device (201) is provided in the compensation tank (200).

[0008] Furthermore, the annular heat pipe (301) is a hollow annular through-tube with semicircular arc shapes at both ends and a straight line in the middle, wherein one straight line section in the middle is located inside the catalyst basket (302), and this section is called the evaporation section, and the other straight line section in the middle is located outside the catalyst basket (302), and this section is called the condensation section.

[0009] Furthermore, a working fluid filling structure (304) is provided in the shell (300), and the working fluid filling structure (304) is located outside the catalyst basket (302). The working fluid filling structure (304) is an annular shape with a hollow interior, and all the annular heat pipes (301) are connected to the working fluid filling structure (304);

[0010] Furthermore, a working fluid discharge port is provided at the bottom of the working fluid filling structure, and a working fluid filling port is provided at the compensation tank.

[0011] Furthermore, the air inlet pipe (100) and the air outlet pipe (101) are coaxially arranged, and the air inlet pipe (100) is surrounded by the outside of the air outlet pipe (101), with a gap reserved.

[0012] Furthermore, the air inlet pipe (100) is located next to the air outlet pipe (101).

[0013] Furthermore, the cross-section of the catalyst basket (302) is circular, and a plurality of layers of baffles (305) are arranged inside the catalyst basket (302). The baffles (305) are in the shape of a cut circle, and the circular edge of the cut circle is fixed to the inner wall of the catalyst basket (302). The gap between the straight edge and the inner wall of the catalyst basket (302) opposite thereto is a gas channel, and the baffles (305) of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0014] Furthermore, the baffle plate (305) is a large cut circle, and the baffle plate (305) is provided with a circular hole for the annular heat pipe (301) to pass through.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer wall of the annular heat pipe (301) is provided with fins.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] The utility model adopts an annular heat pipe structure, which has the advantages of high heat transfer efficiency and uniform temperature distribution. It can effectively improve the heat transfer efficiency and reaction rate in the reaction process, and is particularly suitable for the characteristics of rapid flow changes in green electricity scenarios.

[0018] The utility model provides a baffle in the catalyst basket to enhance the heat transfer of the material in the reaction chamber.

[0019] The utility model is provided with a compensation tank on the outside of the shell. First, during the operation of the heat pipe, the volume of the working fluid will change due to temperature changes. The compensation tank can accommodate the volume change of the working fluid caused by thermal expansion and contraction, ensure the pressure stability in the heat pipe system, and maintain normal working conditions. For example, when the heat pipe is rapidly heated from a low temperature environment, the working fluid expands due to heat, and the excess working fluid will enter the compensation tank; and when the heat pipe is cooled, the working fluid contracts, and the working fluid in the compensation tank will flow back into the heat pipe. At the same time, the heat pipe system may face various different working conditions in actual operation, such as load fluctuations, changes in ambient temperature, etc. The compensation tank can accommodate or release the working fluid so that the heat pipe can quickly adapt to changes in these working conditions and maintain good heat transfer performance. For example, when the load suddenly increases and the heat pipe needs to transfer more heat, the compensation tank can quickly replenish the working fluid to ensure that the heat transfer efficiency is not affected. The compensation tank is used in the heat pipe reactor to improve the reliability, stability and startup of the heat pipe, and to better adapt to the wide load flexibility and "load follows source" control characteristics of the green electricity scenario, which causes the uncertainty of the operating load of the device system caused by the use of green electricity and green hydrogen (electricity and hydrogen production with volatility, intermittency and randomness of photovoltaic, wind power and other power generation) for the synthesis of liquid working fluid chemical products or fuels (such as green ammonia, green alcohol, etc.). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the housing and its interior of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure 2 of the present invention,

[0023] List of reference numerals: 300—shell, 301—annular heat pipe, 302—catalyst basket, 303—catalyst, 304—working fluid filling structure, 305—baffle, 100—inlet pipe, 101—outlet pipe, 200—compensating tank, 201—compensating tank heating and cooling device, 202—compensating tank gas phase connecting pipe, 203—compensating tank gas phase valve, 204—compensating tank liquid phase connecting pipe, 205—compensating tank liquid phase valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementations. It should be understood that the following specific implementations are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0025] Combined with Figure 1-2 It can be seen that the annular heat pipe reactor of the external compensation tank includes a shell 300, an annular heat pipe 301, a catalyst basket 302, a catalyst 303 and a compensation tank 200. There are several annular heat pipes 301. The catalyst basket 302 is coaxially arranged inside the shell 300. The catalyst 303 is filled in the catalyst basket 302. The two ends of the annular heat pipe 301 are semicircular arcs and the middle part is a straight hollow annular through pipe. One of the middle straight sections is located inside the catalyst basket 302, which is called the evaporation section, and the other middle straight section is located outside the catalyst basket 302, which is called the condensation section. The space inside the catalyst basket 302 is called a reaction chamber. The evaporation section and the condensation section of the annular heat pipe 301 are respectively located inside and outside the reaction chamber; during the reaction process, the reactants undergo chemical reactions in the reaction chamber to release heat. The heat is absorbed by the working medium in the evaporation section of the loop heat pipe 301, and the working medium quickly vaporizes from liquid to gas. The generated steam flows along the loop pipe to the condensation section under the action of pressure difference. In the condensation section, the steam exchanges heat with the cooling medium, releases heat and recondenses into liquid. The liquid working medium flows back to the evaporation section under the action of gravity, completing a heat transfer cycle.

[0026] The annular heat pipe 301 has an extremely high heat transfer coefficient through the gasification heat transfer of the working fluid, and can transfer a large amount of reaction heat in a short time, effectively solving the problem of low heat transfer efficiency of traditional reactors. The annular heat pipe 301 is in close contact with the reaction chamber, and can achieve all-round heat transfer to the reaction chamber, thereby ensuring the temperature uniformity in the reaction chamber. Uniform temperature distribution helps to improve the selectivity of the reaction and the quality of the product. It is especially suitable for the characteristics of rapid flow changes in green electricity scenarios.

[0027] There are multiple annular heat pipes 301 , and the evaporation sections and condensation sections of the multiple annular heat pipes 301 are evenly distributed inside and outside the reaction chamber, and can be distributed in multiple layers in the circumferential direction.

[0028] The housing 300 is provided with an air inlet pipe 100 and an air outlet pipe 101. The air outlet pipe 101 extends into the housing 300 and is connected to one end of the catalyst basket 302. The other end of the catalyst basket 302 is provided with an air vent for gas to enter.

[0029] The compensation tank 200 is located outside the shell 300. The upper end of the compensation tank 200 is connected to the annular heat pipe 301 in the shell 300 through the compensation tank gas phase communication pipe 202, and the lower end of the compensation tank 200 is connected to the annular heat pipe 301 in the shell 300 through the compensation tank liquid phase communication pipe 204. The compensation tank gas phase communication pipe 202 is provided with a compensation tank gas phase valve 203, the compensation tank liquid phase communication pipe 204 is provided with a compensation tank liquid phase valve 205, and the compensation tank 200 is provided with a compensation tank heating and cooling device 201.

[0030] A working fluid filling structure 304 is also provided in the shell 300, the working fluid discharge port is located at the bottom of the working fluid filling structure, and the working fluid filling port is located on the compensation tank.

[0031] The working medium filling structure 304 is located outside the catalyst basket 302 . The working medium filling structure 304 is a ring-shaped structure with a hollow interior. All the annular heat pipes 301 are connected to the working medium filling structure 304 for filling the inside of the annular heat pipes 301 with working medium.

[0032] Figure 1 and Figure 3 Two configurations of the air inlet pipe 100 and the air outlet pipe 101 are provided, but the configurations are not limited to these two configurations.

[0033] See also Figure 1 The air inlet pipe 100 and the air outlet pipe 101 are coaxially arranged, and the air inlet pipe 100 is surrounded by the outside of the air outlet pipe 101 with a reserved gap.

[0034] See also Figure 3 , the air inlet pipe 100 is located next to the air outlet pipe 101 .

[0035] The cross section of the catalyst basket 302 is circular, and a plurality of layers of baffles 305 are arranged inside the catalyst basket 302. The baffles 305 are in the shape of a cut circle, and the circular edge of the cut circle is fixed to the inner wall of the catalyst basket 302. The gap between the straight edge and the inner wall of the catalyst basket 302 opposite thereto is a gas channel, and the baffles 305 of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner to enhance the heat transfer of the material in the reaction chamber.

[0036] The baffle plate 305 is a large cut circle, which increases the flow path of the catalyst basket 302. The baffle plate 305 is provided with a circular hole for the annular heat pipe 301 to pass through, which plays a role in reasonable installation.

[0037] The outer wall of the annular heat pipe 301 is provided with fins, and the fins are used to enhance the heat transfer performance of the annular heat pipe 301 .

[0038] The principle of the utility model is that during the operation of the heat pipe, the volume of the working fluid will change due to temperature changes. The compensation tank can accommodate the volume change of the working fluid caused by thermal expansion and contraction, ensuring the pressure in the heat pipe system is stable and maintaining a normal working state.

[0039] Under low heat load, the condensation section is used for partial condensation of the gas phase working medium. The liquid phase working medium leaving the condensation section is close to the dew point temperature. When the liquid phase working medium moves along the liquid phase working medium pipeline, it exchanges heat with the surrounding environment. Its temperature rises to close to the ambient temperature when entering the compensation tank. In order to balance the heat transfer of the evaporation section, the heating and cooling device (201) is used to compensate for the decrease in supercooling. According to equation (7), due to the very low flow rate, the temperature of the compensation tank needs to be greatly increased. As the heat load increases, the flow rate will also increase, and the heat transfer of the reflux liquid phase working medium will decrease. Due to the increase in the supercooling degree and flow rate of the liquid phase working medium, the temperature of the compensation tank decreases. This trend continues until the condensation section is fully utilized and the compensation tank temperature reaches the minimum value. In the heat load area where the condensation section is not fully utilized, the factor that determines the temperature of the compensation tank is the heat transfer of the return liquid phase working medium.

[0040] As the heat load continues to increase, the condensation section no longer dissipates excess energy. Therefore, the gas phase fraction of the gas-liquid two-phase flow flowing back to the compensation tank will be higher, resulting in an increase in the temperature in the compensation tank until the condensation section recovers its heat exchange capacity. In the equilibrium state, the condensation section is fully utilized, and the operating temperature increases almost linearly with the heat load. In the heat load area where the condensation section is fully utilized, the supercooled working fluid leaving the condensation section will reduce the loop operating temperature. As long as the compensation tank can dissipate additional energy, the gas phase working fluid can operate stably in the heat pipe and return to the compensation tank. In this case, the compensation tank heating and cooling device (201) plays a condensing role. Therefore, from the perspective of the reactor equipment alone, it plays a role in wide load flexibility and "load follows source" adaptation and control.

[0041] The term “connection” in this application may mean a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components via other components.

[0042] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the utility model, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without deviating from the technical concept of the utility model through the above description. The technical scope of the utility model is not limited to the content of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A ring heat pipe reactor with an external compensation tank, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell (300), an annular heat pipe (301), a catalyst basket (302), a catalyst (303) and a compensation tank (200), wherein the catalyst basket (302) is coaxially arranged inside the shell (300), the catalyst (303) is filled in the catalyst basket (302), the internal space of the catalyst basket (302) is called a reaction chamber, there are a plurality of annular heat pipes (301), and the evaporation section and the condensation section of the annular heat pipe (301) are evenly distributed inside and outside the reaction chamber; The housing (300) is provided with an air inlet pipe (100) and an air outlet pipe (101); the air outlet pipe (101) extends into the housing (300) and is connected to one end of the catalyst basket (302); and the other end of the catalyst basket (302) is provided with an air vent for gas to enter; The compensation tank (200) is located outside the shell (300); the upper end of the compensation tank (200) is connected to the annular heat pipe (301) in the shell (300) through a compensation tank gas phase communication pipe (202); the lower end of the compensation tank (200) is connected to the annular heat pipe (301) in the shell (300) through a compensation tank liquid phase communication pipe (204); the compensation tank gas phase communication pipe (202) is provided with a compensation tank gas phase valve (203), the compensation tank liquid phase communication pipe (204) is provided with a compensation tank liquid phase valve (205), and a compensation tank heating and cooling device (201) is provided in the compensation tank (200).

2. The annular heat pipe reactor with an external compensation tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular heat pipe (301) is a hollow annular through-tube with semicircular arc shapes at both ends and a straight line in the middle, wherein one straight line section in the middle is located inside the catalyst basket (302), and this section is called the evaporation section, and the other straight line section in the middle is located outside the catalyst basket (302), and this section is called the condensation section.

3. The annular heat pipe reactor with an external compensation tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: A working fluid filling structure (304) is also provided in the shell (300). The working fluid filling structure (304) is located outside the catalyst basket (302). The working fluid filling structure (304) is an annular structure with a hollow interior. All the annular heat pipes (301) are connected to the working fluid filling structure (304).

4. The annular heat pipe reactor with an external compensation tank according to claim 3, characterized in that: The working fluid filling structure (304) is provided with a working fluid discharge port at the bottom, and the compensation tank is provided with a working fluid filling port.

5. The annular heat pipe reactor with an external compensation tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe (100) and the air outlet pipe (101) are coaxially arranged, and the air inlet pipe (100) is surrounded by the outside of the air outlet pipe (101), with a gap reserved.

6. The annular heat pipe reactor with an external compensation tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe (100) is located next to the air outlet pipe (101).

7. The annular heat pipe reactor with an external compensation tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the catalyst basket (302) is circular, and a plurality of layers of baffles (305) are arranged inside the catalyst basket (302). The baffles (305) are in the shape of a cut circle, and the circular edge of the cut circle is fixed to the inner wall of the catalyst basket (302). The gap between the straight edge and the inner wall of the catalyst basket (302) opposite thereto is a gas channel, and the baffles (305) of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner.

8. The annular heat pipe reactor with an external compensation tank according to claim 7, characterized in that: The baffle plate (305) is a large cut circle, and is provided with a circular hole for the annular heat pipe (301) to pass through.

9. The annular heat pipe reactor with an external compensation tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the annular heat pipe (301) is provided with fins.

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