Laser ultrasonic stress detection and regulation equipment
By designing laser ultrasonic stress detection and regulation equipment, using lasers and detection and regulation heads, the problem of low residual stress efficiency in the prior art is solved, and efficient detection and regulation and closed-loop control are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421291950.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-06
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the process of detecting and controlling residual stress of the workpiece is inefficient, and the workpiece or equipment needs to be transferred multiple times, resulting in low detection and control efficiency.
A laser ultrasonic stress detection and regulation device is designed, and a laser and a detection and regulation head are used to detect and regulate the workpiece by focusing the switching components and lens switching components, thereby improving the detection and regulation efficiency.
The residual stress of the workpiece is detected and regulated on the same equipment, the detection and regulation efficiency is improved, and the closed-loop control of the residual stress of the workpiece is realized.
Smart Images
Figure CN222882585U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of stress detection and regulation, and in particular to a laser ultrasonic stress detection and regulation device. Background Art
[0002] Metal workpieces undergo welding, casting, forging, machining and other processes, which cause internal lattice deformation and inevitably produce residual stress, greatly reducing the ultimate strength and fatigue strength of the workpiece, and may even cause cracks and brittle fractures. In addition, due to the relaxation of residual stress during processing and use, parts are deformed, greatly affecting the size, position accuracy and overall performance of the workpiece. Therefore, it is necessary to detect and regulate the residual stress of the workpiece so that the residual stress of the workpiece is at a more appropriate value.
[0003] In the prior art, the residual stress of the workpiece is usually first detected by a detection device, and then the residual stress of the workpiece is regulated by a control device. The entire detection and regulation process requires the transfer of the workpiece or equipment, which reduces the detection and regulation efficiency of the residual stress of the workpiece, and therefore needs further improvement. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to improve the detection and control efficiency of workpiece residual stress and realize closed-loop control of workpiece residual stress, the present application provides a laser ultrasonic stress detection and control device.
[0005] The laser ultrasonic stress detection and control device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] A laser ultrasonic stress detection and regulation device comprises a workbench, wherein the workbench is provided with a laser for emitting an excitation laser and a detection and regulation head for detecting and regulating residual stress of a workpiece, wherein the detection and regulation head comprises a mounting shell, a laser interferometer built into the mounting shell for emitting and receiving lasers, and a focusing head movably built into the mounting shell, an excitation laser window and a receiving laser window are provided on the same side wall of the mounting shell, a light guide port for injecting the excitation laser is provided on the side wall of the mounting shell, the excitation laser is emitted from the excitation laser window, and the receiving laser is emitted from the receiving laser window, and the mounting shell is provided with a focusing switching component for switching the position of the focusing head.
[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, when performing residual stress detection on the workpiece, the focus switching component drives the focus head to move so that the focus head is outside the optical path of the excitation laser, and the excitation laser emitted from the laser enters the mounting shell and is emitted through the excitation laser window and irradiates the surface of the workpiece, and the receiving laser emitted by the laser interferometer is emitted from the receiving laser window and irradiates the surface of the workpiece to detect the residual stress of the workpiece; when performing residual stress regulation on the workpiece, the laser interferometer is turned off, and the focus switching component drives the focus head to move to a position where the axis of the focus head and the axis of the excitation laser window coincide, and the excitation laser passes through the focus head and is emitted from the excitation laser window to the surface of the workpiece, and the focus head focuses the excitation laser to increase the energy density of the excitation laser, thereby improving the regulation efficiency of the residual stress of the workpiece, and the residual stress of the workpiece is detected and regulated on the same device, thereby improving the detection and regulation efficiency of the residual stress of the workpiece, and realizing closed-loop control of the residual stress of the workpiece.
[0008] Preferably, the focus switching assembly includes a focus mounting frame fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting shell and located on one side of the excitation laser window, a focus rotating plate fixedly connected to the focusing head and rotatably connected to the focus mounting frame, and a focus driving member that drives the focus rotating plate to rotate.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the focus rotating plate is driven to rotate by the focus driving member, thereby realizing the position switching of the focus head.
[0010] Preferably, the workbench is provided with a mechanical arm and a light guide arm, the mounting shell is fixedly connected to the free end of the mechanical arm, the light inlet of the light guide arm is connected to the light emitting port of the laser, and the light outlet of the light guide arm is connected to the light guide port.
[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, a mechanical arm and a light-guiding arm are added, and the mechanical arm and the light-guiding arm cooperate with each other to realize the free movement of the detection and control head in three-dimensional space, thereby improving the degree of freedom of the detection and control head, so that the detection and control head can perform residual stress detection and control operations on various positions of the workpiece.
[0012] Preferably, the mounting housing is provided with a light-transmitting window mirror for sealing the excitation laser window and the receiving laser window.
[0013] By adopting the above technical solution and adding a light-transmitting window mirror, the possibility of dust entering the installation shell from the excitation laser window and the receiving laser window and causing contamination to the parts inside the installation shell is effectively reduced.
[0014] Preferably, the detection and control head further includes a galvanometer built into the mounting housing for adjusting the position of the excitation laser.
[0015] Preferably, the axis of the light guide port is perpendicular to the axis of the excitation laser window, the axis of the light inlet of the galvanometer is parallel to the axis of the excitation laser window, the axis of the light outlet of the galvanometer is parallel to the axis of the light guide port, the mounting shell is equipped with a first reflector for receiving the excitation laser emitted by the light guide arm, the excitation laser reflected by the first reflector enters the light inlet of the galvanometer, the mounting shell is equipped with a second reflector for receiving the excitation laser emitted by the galvanometer, the excitation laser reflected by the second reflector enters the excitation laser window.
[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the excitation laser emitted from the light outlet of the light guide arm is directly emitted to the first reflector, and enters the galvanometer after being reflected by the first reflector. The coordinate position of the excitation laser is adjusted by the galvanometer and then emitted to the second reflector. The excitation laser reflected by the second reflector is emitted from the excitation laser window.
[0017] Preferably, a DOE lens for the excitation laser to pass through is provided between the light inlet of the galvanometer and the first reflector, and the mounting housing is provided with a lens switching component for switching the position of the DOE lens.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when performing residual stress detection on the workpiece, the focus switching component drives the focus head to move so that the focus head is outside the optical path of the excitation laser, and the lens switching component drives the DOE lens to move so that the DOE lens is located on the optical path between the first reflector and the galvanometer, and the DOE lens modulates the excitation laser so that the excitation laser can generate surface waves of different frequencies; when performing residual stress regulation on the workpiece, the laser interferometer is turned off, the focus switching component drives the focus head to move to a position where the axis of the focus head coincides with the axis of the excitation laser window, and the lens switching component drives the DOE lens to move so that the DOE lens is outside the optical path of the excitation laser.
[0019] Preferably, the lens switching assembly includes a switching frame built into a mounting shell and located between the light inlet of the galvanometer and the first reflector, a turntable rotatably connected to the switching frame, and a rotating driving member driving the turntable to rotate around its own axis, the turntable is provided with a light opening along the axial direction, and a plurality of light openings are provided and distributed around the axis of the turntable, the number of DOE lenses is one less than the number of light openings, the DOE lenses are installed in the light openings, the structures of the plurality of DOE lenses are different, the axis of one of the light openings coincides with the axis of the light inlet of the galvanometer, and the light opening without the DOE lens installed is a regulating light opening.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when performing residual stress detection on a workpiece, the turntable can be driven to rotate around its own axis by the rotating driving member, so that the position of the DOE lens on the turntable is switched to modulate the excitation laser to generate surface waves of different frequencies, so as to test the residual stress values at different depths of the workpiece; when performing residual stress regulation on the workpiece, the turntable is driven to rotate around its own axis by the rotating driving member, so that the regulating light port is rotated to a position that coincides with the axis of the light inlet of the galvanometer, so that the excitation laser can directly pass through the regulating light port.
[0021] Preferably, the rotary drive member is a stepper motor fixedly connected to the switching frame, and the output shaft of the stepper motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the turntable.
[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotation angle of the turntable can be accurately adjusted by the stepping motor.
[0023] Preferably, it also includes a control panel located at one side of the workbench, and the control panel is detachably connected to the workbench through a connecting component.
[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the control panel and the workbench are detachably connected via a connecting assembly, which facilitates the fixing and separation of the control panel and the workbench according to different working conditions.
[0025] In summary, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0026] 1. When performing residual stress detection on a workpiece, the focus switching component drives the focus head to move so that the focus head is outside the optical path of the excitation laser. The excitation laser emitted from the laser enters the mounting housing and is emitted through the excitation laser window and irradiates the surface of the workpiece. The receiving laser emitted by the laser interferometer is emitted from the receiving laser window and irradiates the surface of the workpiece to detect the residual stress of the workpiece. When performing residual stress regulation on the workpiece, the laser interferometer is turned off, and the focus switching component drives the focus head to move to a position where the axis of the focus head and the axis of the excitation laser window coincide. The excitation laser passes through the focus head and is emitted from the excitation laser window to the surface of the workpiece. The focus head focuses the excitation laser to increase the energy density of the excitation laser, thereby improving the regulation efficiency of the residual stress of the workpiece. The residual stress of the workpiece is detected and regulated on the same device, thereby improving the detection and regulation efficiency of the residual stress of the workpiece.
[0027] 2. When performing residual stress detection on the workpiece, the turntable can be driven to rotate around its own axis by the rotating drive component, so as to switch the position of the DOE lens on the turntable to modulate the excitation laser to generate surface waves of different frequencies, so as to test the residual stress values at different depths of the workpiece; when performing residual stress control on the workpiece, the turntable can be driven to rotate around its own axis by the rotating drive component, so that the control light port is rotated to a position where it coincides with the axis of the light inlet of the galvanometer, so that the excitation laser can directly pass through the control light port. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a laser ultrasonic stress detection and control device in Example 1;
[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the workbench and the control console in Example 1;
[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the installation housing in Example 1;
[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the installation housing in Example 1;
[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the lens switching assembly in Example 1;
[0033] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the detection optical path in Example 1;
[0034] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the light path control in Example 1;
[0035] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the installation housing in Example 2;
[0036] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the detection optical path in Example 2;
[0037] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the light path control in Example 2.
[0038] In the figure, 10, workbench; 101, moving wheel; 102, lifting ring; 20, control console; 30, connecting assembly; 301, connecting plate; 302, connecting seat; 1, mechanical arm; 2, laser; 3, light guide arm; 4, detection and control head; 41, installation shell; 411, excitation laser window; 412, receiving laser window; 413, shooting port; 414, light guide port; 415, light-transmitting window mirror; 416, camera; 42, laser interferometer; 43, galvanometer; 44, focusing head; 45, first reflector; 46, cylindrical mirror; 461, electric cylinder; 47, DOE lens; 48, second reflector; 49. Detection fixing frame; 491. First detection reflector; 40. First regulating reflector; 5. Lens switching assembly; 51. Switching frame; 52. Turntable; 53. Stepping motor; 54. Light port; 6. Focus switching assembly; 61. Focus mounting frame; 62. Focus rotating plate; 63. Focus driving member; 7. Detection light path conversion assembly; 71. Detection mounting frame; 72. Detection electromagnetic motor; 73. Detection light path conversion plate; 74. Second detection reflector; 8. Control light path conversion assembly; 81. Control mounting frame; 82. Control electromagnetic motor; 83. Control light path conversion plate; 84. Second regulating reflector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0039] The following is combined with Figure 1-10 This application is described in further detail.
[0040] Embodiment 1:
[0041] The present application embodiment discloses a laser ultrasonic stress detection and control device, referring to Figure 1 , including a workbench 10 and a control panel 20 located on one side of the workbench 10 , the lower end surfaces of the workbench 10 and the control panel 20 are rotatably connected with moving wheels 101 , and the outer side wall of the workbench 10 is provided with a hanging ring 102 .
[0042] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 The control panel 20 is detachably connected to the workbench 10 through the connection assembly 30. In this embodiment, the upper end surface of the control panel 20 is higher than the upper end surface of the workbench 10. The connection assembly 30 includes a connection plate 301 located below the workbench 10 and the operation table and a connection seat 302 arranged on one side of the upper end surface of the workbench 10. The upper end surface of the connection plate 301 abuts against the lower end surfaces of the workbench 10 and the control panel 20. Both ends of the connection plate 301 are bolted to the lower end surfaces of the workbench 10 and the control panel 20. The lower end surface of the connection seat 302 abuts against the upper end surface of the workbench 10, and one side of the connection seat 302 abuts against the side wall of the control panel 20. The connection seat 302 is bolted to the workbench 10 and the control panel 20.
[0043] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 The workbench 10 is provided with a mechanical arm 1, a laser 2 for emitting an excitation laser, and a detection and control head 4 for detecting residual stress of a workpiece. The base of the mechanical arm 1 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the workbench 10, and the laser 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the workbench 10 and is located on one side of the mechanical arm 1. The detection and control head 4 includes a mounting shell 41 fixedly connected to the free end of the mechanical arm 1, a laser interferometer 42 fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the mounting shell 41 for emitting and receiving lasers, a galvanometer 43 fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the mounting shell 41, and a focusing head 44 movably built into the mounting shell 41. An excitation laser window 411, a receiving laser window 412, and a shooting port 413 are provided on the same side wall of the mounting shell 41. A light-transmitting window mirror 415 for blocking the excitation laser window 411 and the receiving laser window 412 is fixedly connected to the mounting shell 41. The excitation laser is emitted from the excitation laser window 411, and the receiving laser is emitted from the receiving laser window 412. The side wall of the mounting housing 41 is provided with a light guide port 414 for the excitation laser to enter, the axis of the light guide port 414 is perpendicular to the axis of the excitation laser window 411, the axis of the light inlet of the galvanometer 43 is parallel to the axis of the excitation laser window 411, and the axis of the light outlet of the galvanometer 43 is parallel to the axis of the light guide port 414. The inner cavity of the mounting housing 41 is fixedly connected with a camera 416, specifically, the camera 416 is a binocular camera 416, and the camera head of the camera 416 is connected to the shooting port 413.
[0044] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 The inner cavity of the mounting housing 41 is fixedly connected with a first reflector 45 for receiving the excitation laser, and a cylindrical mirror 46 is arranged between the light inlet of the galvanometer 43 and the first reflector 45. In this embodiment, the mounting housing 41 is fixedly connected with an electric cylinder 461, and the cylindrical mirror 46 is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod of the electric cylinder 461. When the piston rod of the electric cylinder 461 is extended, the cylindrical mirror 46 is located on the optical path between the light inlet of the galvanometer 43 and the first reflector 45. When the piston rod of the electric cylinder 461 is retracted, the cylindrical mirror 46 is located outside the optical path between the light inlet of the galvanometer 43 and the first reflector 45.
[0045] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5In this embodiment, a DOE lens 47 is provided between the cylindrical mirror 46 and the first reflector 45 for the excitation laser to pass through, and the mounting housing 41 is provided with a lens switching assembly 5 for switching the position of the DOE lens 47. The lens switching assembly 5 includes a switching frame 51 fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the mounting housing 41 and located between the cylindrical mirror 46 and the first reflector 45, a turntable 52 rotatably connected to the switching frame 51, and a rotating driving member for driving the turntable 52 to rotate around its own axis. The axial direction of the turntable 52 is parallel to the axial direction of the light inlet of the galvanometer 43, and the turntable 52 is provided with a light through hole 54 along the axial direction. The light through hole 54 is provided with a plurality of light through holes and distributed around the axis of the turntable 52. The number of DOE lenses 47 is one less than the number of light through holes 54. The DOE lenses 47 are installed at the light through holes 54. The structures of the plurality of DOE lenses 47 are different. The axis of one of the light through holes 54 coincides with the axis of the light inlet of the galvanometer 43. The light through hole 54 without the DOE lens 47 is a regulating light hole. The rotary driving member is a stepper motor 53 fixedly connected to the switching frame 51 , and the output shaft of the stepper motor 53 is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating disk 52 .
[0046] Reference Figure 3 The inner cavity of the mounting shell 41 is fixedly connected with a second reflector 48 for reflecting the excitation laser emitted from the light outlet of the galvanometer 43. The focusing head 44 is located between the second reflector 48 and the excitation laser window 411. The axial direction of the focusing head 44 is parallel to the axial direction of the excitation laser window 411. The mounting shell 41 is provided with a focus switching assembly 6 for switching the position of the focusing head 44. The focus switching assembly 6 includes a focus mounting frame 61 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting shell 41 and located outside the path of the excitation laser, a focus rotating plate 62 fixedly connected to the focusing head 44 and rotatably connected to the focus mounting frame 61, and a focus driving member 63 for driving the focus rotating plate 62 to rotate. The focus driving member 63 is an electromagnetic motor fixedly connected to the focus mounting frame 61, and the output shaft of the electromagnetic motor is fixedly connected to the focus rotating plate 62.
[0047] Reference Figure 1 A light guide arm 3 is provided between the laser 2 and the detection and control head 4 for guiding the excitation laser emitted by the laser 2 to the detection and control head 4. The light inlet of the light guide arm 3 is connected to the light outlet of the laser 2, and the light outlet of the light guide arm 3 is connected to the light guide port 414 of the mounting shell 41. The light guide arm 3 is used in conjunction with the mechanical arm 1. The light guide arm 3 can cooperate with the movement of the mechanical arm 1 to realize the free movement of the detection and control head 4 in three-dimensional space, improve the degree of freedom of the detection and control head 4, so that the detection and control head 4 can perform residual stress detection and control operations on various positions of the workpiece. The control console 20 is provided with a display screen for displaying the detection data of the detection and control head 4.
[0048] The implementation principle of a laser ultrasonic stress detection and control device in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: Figure 6Under normal conditions, the cylindrical mirror 46 is on the optical path of the excitation laser, the focusing head 44 is outside the optical path of the excitation laser, and the axis of one of the DOE lenses 47 coincides with the axis of the light inlet of the galvanometer 43. When the residual stress detection operation is performed on the workpiece, the excitation laser emitted from the laser 2 is guided by the light guide arm 3 and enters the mounting housing 41, and is directly irradiated to the first reflector 45. After being reflected by the first reflector 45, it penetrates the DOE lens 47 and the cylindrical mirror 46 in turn and is irradiated to the galvanometer 43. After the galvanometer 43 adjusts the position of the excitation laser, it is irradiated to the second reflector 48. The excitation laser reflected by the second reflector 48 is irradiated to the surface of the workpiece through the light-transmitting window mirror 415 on the excitation laser window 411. At the same time, the receiving laser emitted by the laser interferometer 42 is irradiated to the surface of the workpiece through the light-transmitting window mirror 415 on the receiving laser window 412, so as to perform ultrasonic detection operation. The control console 20 calculates the residual stress on the surface of the workpiece by detecting the ultrasonic wave detected by the control head 4 and combining it with the acoustic elasticity principle.
[0049] When performing residual stress control on a workpiece, refer to Figure 7 , turn off the laser interferometer 42, the focusing drive 63 drives the focusing head 44 to move to a position where the axis of the focusing head 44 coincides with the axis of the excitation laser window 411, the rotary drive drives the turntable 52 to rotate around its own axis, so that the regulating light port rotates to a position where the axis of the light inlet of the galvanometer 43 coincides, and the piston rod of the electric cylinder 461 contracts, so that the cylindrical mirror 46 is located outside the optical path of the excitation laser, and the excitation laser emitted from the laser 2 is guided by the light guide arm 3 and enters the mounting housing 41, and is directly projected to the first reflector 45, and after the first reflector The mirror 45 reflects and penetrates the control light port and is incident on the galvanometer 43. After the position of the excitation laser is adjusted by the galvanometer 43, it is incident on the second reflector 48. The excitation laser reflected by the second reflector 48 is incident on the focusing head 44. After passing through the focusing head 44, the excitation laser is incident on the workpiece surface from the excitation laser window 411. The focusing head 44 focuses the excitation laser to increase the energy density of the excitation laser, thereby improving the control efficiency of the residual stress of the workpiece. The residual stress of the workpiece is detected and controlled on the same device, thereby improving the detection and control efficiency of the residual stress of the workpiece.
[0050] Embodiment 2:
[0051] The difference from Example 1 is that, referring to Figure 8 The mounting housing 41 has a built-in detection fixture 49 located between the first reflector 45 and the turntable 52. The detection fixture 49 is fixedly connected with a first detection reflector 491, and the first detection reflector 491 is parallel to the first reflector 45. The cylindrical mirror 46 is fixedly connected to the light inlet of the detection fixture 49. The axial direction of the light inlet of the detection fixture 49 is parallel to the axial direction of the light guide port 414. The axis of the light outlet of the detection fixture 49 coincides with the axis of the light inlet of the galvanometer 43.
[0052] The mounting housing 41 is built with a detection optical path conversion assembly 7 for reflecting the excitation laser emitted by the first reflector 45 to the first detection reflector 491. The detection optical path conversion assembly 7 includes a detection mounting frame 71, a detection electromagnetic motor 72 fixedly connected to the detection mounting frame 71, a detection optical path conversion plate 73 fixedly connected at one end to the output shaft of the detection electromagnetic motor 72, and a second detection reflector 74 fixedly connected at the other end of the detection optical path conversion plate 73. The axial direction of the detection electromagnetic motor 72 is perpendicular to the mirror surface of the first reflector 45, and the second detection reflector 74 is parallel to the first detection reflector 491. When the detection electromagnetic motor 72 drives the detection optical path conversion plate 73 to rotate to a horizontal state, the second detection reflector 74 reflects the excitation laser emitted by the first reflector 45 to the first detection reflector 491.
[0053] The mounting shell 41 is built with a first regulating reflector 40 located between the first reflector 45 and the turntable 52. The first regulating reflector 40 is parallel to the first reflector 45. The detection fixing frame 49 is located between the first regulating reflector 40 and the first reflector 45. The mounting shell 41 is built with a regulating optical path conversion assembly 8 for reflecting the excitation laser emitted by the first regulating reflector 40 to the galvanometer 43. The regulating optical path conversion assembly 8 includes a regulating mounting frame 81, a regulating electromagnetic motor 82 fixedly connected to the regulating mounting frame 81, a regulating optical path conversion plate 83 fixedly connected at one end to the output shaft of the regulating electromagnetic motor 82, and a second regulating reflector 84 fixedly connected at the other end of the regulating optical path conversion plate 83. The axial direction of the regulating electromagnetic motor 82 is perpendicular to the mirror surface of the first regulating reflector 40, and the second regulating reflector 84 is parallel to the first regulating reflector 40. When the regulating electromagnetic motor 82 drives the regulating optical path conversion plate 83 to rotate to a horizontal state, the second regulating reflector 84 reflects the excitation laser emitted by the first regulating reflector 40 to the galvanometer 43.
[0054] The implementation principle of Example 2 is as follows: under normal conditions, the focusing head 44 is outside the optical path of the excitation laser, the axis of one of the DOE lenses 47 coincides with the axis of the light inlet of the galvanometer 43, the detection optical path conversion plate 73 rotates to a horizontal state, so that the second detection reflector 74 is located between the first reflector 45 and the first regulating reflector 40, and the regulating optical path conversion plate 83 rotates to a vertical state, so that the second regulating reflector 84 is outside the optical path of the excitation laser;
[0055] When performing residual stress detection on workpieces, refer to Fig. 9The excitation laser emitted from the laser 2 is guided by the light guide arm 3 and enters the mounting housing 41, and then passes through the first reflector 45, the second detection reflector 74, the cylindrical mirror 46, the first detection reflector 491, and the DOE lens 47 in sequence, and then enters the galvanometer 43. After the galvanometer 43 adjusts the position of the excitation laser, it is emitted to the second reflector 48. The excitation laser reflected by the second reflector 48 is irradiated to the surface of the workpiece through the light-transmitting window mirror 415 on the excitation laser window 411;
[0056] When performing residual stress control on a workpiece, refer to Fig.10 The focusing drive 63 drives the focusing head 44 to move to a position where the axis of the focusing head 44 coincides with the axis of the excitation laser window 411, and the rotating drive drives the turntable 52 to rotate around its own axis, so that the regulating light port rotates to a position where the axis of the light inlet of the galvanometer 43 coincides, and the detection light path conversion plate 73 rotates to a vertical state, so that the second detection reflector 74 is located outside the light path between the first reflector 45 and the first regulating reflector 40, and the regulating light path conversion plate 83 rotates to a horizontal state, so that the second regulating reflector Mirror 84 and the first regulating reflector 40 are in relative positions; the excitation laser emitted from the laser 2 is guided by the light guide arm 3 and enters the mounting shell 41, passes through the first reflector 45, the first regulating reflector 40, the second regulating reflector 84, and the regulating light port in sequence, and then enters the galvanometer 43, after the galvanometer 43 adjusts the position of the excitation laser, it is emitted to the second reflector 48, and the excitation laser reflected by the second reflector 48 enters the focusing head 44, and after passing through the focusing head 44, the excitation laser is emitted from the excitation laser window 411 to the surface of the workpiece.
[0057] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A laser ultrasonic stress detection and control device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a workbench (10), wherein the workbench (10) is provided with a laser (2) for emitting an excitation laser and a detection and control head (4) for detecting and controlling residual stress of a workpiece, wherein the detection and control head (4) comprises a mounting shell (41), a laser interferometer (42) built into the mounting shell (41) for emitting and receiving lasers, and a focusing head (44) movably built into the mounting shell (41), wherein an excitation laser window (411) and a receiving laser window (412) are provided on the same side wall of the mounting shell (41), wherein a light guide port (414) for the excitation laser to be injected is provided on the side wall of the mounting shell (41), wherein the excitation laser is emitted from the excitation laser window (411), and the receiving laser is emitted from the receiving laser window (412), and wherein the mounting shell (41) is provided with a focusing switching component (6) for switching the position of the focusing head (44).
2. The laser ultrasonic stress detection and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The focus switching assembly (6) comprises a focus mounting frame (61) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting housing (41) and located on one side of the excitation laser window (411), a focus rotating plate (62) fixedly connected to the focus head (44) and rotatably connected to the focus mounting frame (61), and a focus driving member (63) for driving the focus rotating plate (62) to rotate.
3. The laser ultrasonic stress detection and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench (10) is provided with a mechanical arm (1) and a light guide arm (3); the mounting housing (41) is fixedly connected to the free end of the mechanical arm (1); the light inlet of the light guide arm (3) is connected to the light outlet of the laser (2); and the light outlet of the light guide arm (3) is connected to the light guide port (414).
4. The laser ultrasonic stress detection and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting housing (41) is provided with a light-transmitting window mirror (415) for sealing the excitation laser window (411) and the receiving laser window (412).
5. The laser ultrasonic stress detection and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection and regulation head (4) further comprises a galvanometer (43) which is built into the mounting housing (41) and is used to adjust the position of the excitation laser.
6. The laser ultrasonic stress detection and control device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The axis of the light guide port (414) is perpendicular to the axis of the excitation laser window (411), the axis of the light inlet port of the galvanometer (43) is parallel to the axis of the excitation laser window (411), and the axis of the light outlet port of the galvanometer (43) is parallel to the axis of the light guide port (414). The mounting shell (41) is equipped with a first reflector (45) for receiving the excitation laser emitted by the light guide arm (3), and the excitation laser reflected by the first reflector (45) is emitted into the light inlet port of the galvanometer (43). The mounting shell (41) is equipped with a second reflector (48) for receiving the excitation laser emitted by the galvanometer (43), and the excitation laser reflected by the second reflector (48) is emitted into the excitation laser window (411).
7. The laser ultrasonic stress detection and control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A DOE lens (47) for the excitation laser to pass through is provided between the light inlet of the galvanometer (43) and the first reflector (45), and the mounting housing (41) is provided with a lens switching component (5) for switching the position of the DOE lens (47).
8. The laser ultrasonic stress detection and control device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lens switching assembly (5) comprises a switching frame (51) built into the mounting housing (41) and located between the light inlet of the galvanometer (43) and the first reflector (45), a turntable (52) rotatably connected to the switching frame (51), and a rotating driving member driving the turntable (52) to rotate around its own axis, the turntable (52) being provided with a light through hole (54) along the axial direction, a plurality of light through holes (54) being provided and distributed around the axis of the turntable (52), the number of DOE lenses (47) being one less than the number of light through holes (54), the DOE lenses (47) being installed in the light through holes (54), the structures of the plurality of DOE lenses (47) being different, the axis of one of the light through holes (54) being coincident with the axis of the light inlet of the galvanometer (43), and the light through hole (54) not installed with the DOE lens (47) being a regulating light hole.
9. The laser ultrasonic stress detection and control device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotary drive member is a stepper motor (53) fixedly connected to the switching frame (51), and the output shaft of the stepper motor (53) is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating disk (52).
10. The laser ultrasonic stress detection and control device according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a control panel (20) located on one side of the workbench (10), wherein the control panel (20) is detachably connected to the workbench (10) via a connection assembly (30).