Vegetable harvesting and stacking all-in-one machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a vegetable harvesting and stacking all-in-one machine which comprises a soil shifting and cutting mechanism, a clamping and guiding mechanism, an inclined conveying and lifting mechanism, an automatic stacking and boxing mechanism and a loading vehicle body. The soil stirring and cutting mechanism is mainly used for stirring and dispersing soil around the vegetables and cutting roots of the vegetables; the clamping guiding and inclined conveying mechanism is used for transporting and conveying the vegetables subjected to root cutting; the main function of the automatic stacking and boxing mechanism is to conduct buffering motion on the obliquely conveyed vegetables and stack the buffered vegetables to a vegetable basket on a conveying belt in order. The loading vehicle body provides support for movement of the machine, all the mechanisms are connected into a whole, and therefore the function of integrating root cutting, collecting, stacking and boxing is achieved. According to the automatic stacking machine for the vegetables, the complete mechanical operation of soil shifting, clamping, root cutting, conveying and automatic stacking of the vegetables is achieved, the labor productivity is greatly improved, and people are liberated from heavy pure manual physical labor; the method has a great promotion effect on continuous planting and industrial development of vegetables.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and specifically relates to an integrated vegetable harvesting and stacking machine. Background Art

[0002] At present, 40% of the work in the vegetable production cycle is spent on harvesting. Farmers need to use tools such as short knives and short shovels to cut the vegetables from the roots, and then manually pick, place and pack them one by one. This production process not only consumes a lot of manpower, material and financial resources, but also has high labor intensity and low work efficiency. It is difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production, which seriously restricts the development of vegetable cash crops.

[0003] The prior art discloses "a self-propelled Chinese cabbage harvester and method with variety adaptability", which provides a fully mechanized operation machine for the processes of clamping, cutting, conveying and packing Chinese cabbage, and a device that can complete the harvesting operation of Chinese cabbage of different varieties and sizes, which greatly reduces the breakage rate of Chinese cabbage during the harvesting process and improves labor productivity. However, there are problems: the device does not have a stacking device in the process of the Chinese cabbage from the inclined transmission device to falling into the vegetable basket, resulting in the Chinese cabbage being placed in a messy position after falling into the vegetable basket. On the one hand, it seriously occupies the space of the vegetable basket and affects the work efficiency. On the other hand, the messy cabbage needs to be manually stacked later, which increases the labor cost. In addition, no buffer device is provided during the transmission process, and the Chinese cabbage is easily damaged during the falling process. Utility Model Content

[0004] One of the purposes of the utility model is to provide an all-in-one vegetable harvesting and stacking machine to solve the problems in the prior art that vegetables are placed in a messy manner during the mechanized harvesting and packing process, manual stacking cannot be avoided at a later time, and there is a lack of buffer devices during the vegetable packing process, which easily causes damage.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the utility model are as follows:

[0006] A vegetable harvesting and stacking machine comprises a loading body, a soil-moving mechanism, a cutting mechanism, a clamping and guiding mechanism and an inclined conveying and lifting mechanism which are sequentially installed on the loading body, and an automatic stacking and boxing mechanism which is installed on the loading body and located on one side of the discharging end of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism. The automatic stacking and boxing mechanism comprises a buffer trough, a sensing device, a rotating device, a conveying device and a loading box. The buffer trough is located between the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism and the loading box and is lower than the discharging end of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism; the rotating device drives the buffer trough to flip; the sensing device identifies whether there is an object placed in the buffer trough and realizes counting; the loading box is located above the conveying device; and the upper end of the loading box is lower than the buffer trough.

[0007] In the above technical scheme, during the harvesting process of vegetables, as the loading vehicle body moves forward, the soil-pushing mechanism is inserted into the soil on the left and right ends of the vegetables, and the soil is pushed to both sides to facilitate root cutting. When the vegetables touch the cutting mechanism, the cutting mechanism cuts off the roots of the vegetables, and then the clamping guide mechanism clamps and transports the cut vegetables to the feeding end of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism. The inclined conveying and lifting mechanism lifts the vegetables that have fallen from the clamping guide mechanism backward and upward. The vegetables are transported by the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism and fall into the buffer trough, reducing the falling speed of the vegetables and buffering the vegetables. After the sensing device recognizes a vegetable, it will drive the rotating device to flip the buffer trough and pour the vegetables into the loading box placed on the conveying device. The vegetables that fall into the loading box will roll away from the buffer trough due to inertia. The sensing device sets the number of vegetables in each row in advance. When the sensing device senses the specified number of vegetables, the sensing device sends a signal to drive the conveying device to move the loading box to the next row. Multiple cycles are performed to achieve the function of automatic stacking and packing.

[0008] Preferably, the buffer groove is a hollow semi-cylinder, which can stably receive the vegetables.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating device is a servo steering engine; the servo steering engine is installed inside the buffer tank, the servo steering engine is connected to the buffer tank via a transmission shaft, and the servo steering engine drives the transmission shaft to rotate, thereby driving the buffer tank to flip, so as to realize the packaging of vegetables.

[0010] Preferably, the sensing device is an infrared sensor counter, which is installed on the inner side of the buffer tank. The infrared sensor counter can sense whether there are vegetables on the buffer tank, calculate the number and send a signal. The vegetables can be stacked in rows, which is more flexible.

[0011] Preferably, the conveying direction of the conveyor device is the first direction, and the projection of the conveying direction of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism on the horizontal plane is the second direction; the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, so that the vegetable can be palletized in the first direction during the boxing process.

[0012] Preferably, the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism includes a guide plate, which is fixed on the loading vehicle body and located behind the discharge end of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism, and the vegetables fall onto the guide plate and move along the guide plate. The guide plate can guide the falling position of the vegetables to ensure that the vegetables fall stably into the buffer tank.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the guide plate close to the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism is higher than the other end in the vertical direction, and one end of the guide plate close to the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism is lower than the discharge end of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism in the vertical direction. After passing through the discharge end of the inclined conveying mechanism, the vegetables will fall onto the guide plate and roll along the direction of the guide plate, and then fall into the buffer groove. The other end of the guide plate is close to the buffer groove, and the gap between the guide plate and the buffer groove is smaller than the vegetables. This can prevent the vegetables from falling from the gap, more accurately guide the vegetables to fall into the buffer groove, and provide better stability.

[0014] Preferably, the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism includes a roller conveyor and a fixed baffle. The roller conveyor is installed behind the clamping guide mechanism. The discharge end of the roller conveyor is higher than its feed end in the vertical direction, which can realize the upward lifting of vegetables. There is a gap between the rollers. During the transportation of vegetables, soil and scattered outer leaves will fall in the gap between the bars, and the vegetables will change from a vertical posture to a lying posture under the action of force, which can achieve a preliminary cleaning effect and change the posture of the vegetables, which is convenient for subsequent stacking and packaging. The fixed baffle is installed on the loading vehicle body and located on both sides of the roller conveyor, which can prevent vegetables from falling from both sides during the upward transportation process and reduce the loss rate.

[0015] Preferably, the soil-moving mechanism includes a soil-moving disc, which is symmetrically installed in front of the loading vehicle body. One end of the soil-moving disc away from the clamping guide mechanism is closer to the axis of the loading vehicle body than the other end. As the loading vehicle body moves forward, the soil will be moved away along the outside of the soil-moving disc, exposing the roots of vegetables for easy cutting. The soil-moving disc can move a larger area of ​​soil with less resistance, thereby better achieving root cutting.

[0016] Preferably, the loading vehicle body includes universal wheels and fixed wheels, the fixed wheels are symmetrically installed at the rear of the loading vehicle body, and the universal wheels are symmetrically installed in front of the same horizontal plane as the fixed wheels, so that the loading vehicle body can move in all directions.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0018] By setting a buffer groove between the loading box and the inclined transmission lifting mechanism, the impact on vegetables during the packing process can be reduced, the vegetable loss rate can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced; the setting of the sensing device can identify the vegetables on the buffer groove and drive the rotating device to rotate, so as to realize the packing of vegetables. At the same time, the cooperation between the sensing device and the transmission device can realize the orderly stacking of vegetables during the packing process, which solves the problem of messy placement of vegetables during mechanized harvesting and packing, and the inability to avoid manual stacking in the later stage, saves labor costs and improves work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a vegetable harvesting and stacking machine of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of position A;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the guide plate of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will describe the implementation of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementations, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and thus the drawings only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed at will, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0024] Embodiment 1:

[0025] like Figure 1-2The embodiment 1 of the vegetable harvesting and stacking machine shown in the figure comprises a loading body 1, a soil-moving mechanism 2, a cutting mechanism 3, a clamping and guiding mechanism 4 and an inclined conveying and lifting mechanism 5 which are sequentially installed on the loading body 1, and an automatic stacking and packing mechanism 6 which is installed on one side of the discharge end of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism 5. The automatic stacking and packing mechanism 6 comprises a buffer tank 601, a sensing device 602, a rotating device 603, a conveying device 604 and a loading box 605. The buffer tank 601 is located between the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism 5 and the loading box 605. The buffer tank 601 is rotatably connected to the loading body 1, and the rotating device 603 drives the buffer tank 601 to flip. The sensing device 602 identifies whether there is an object in the buffer tank 601 and realizes the counting function. The loading box 605 is located above the conveying device 604. The upper end of the loading box 605 is lower than the buffer tank 601. The conveying direction of the conveying device 604 is the first direction, and the projection of the conveying direction of the inclined conveying lifting mechanism 5 on the horizontal plane is the second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. Figure 1 The first direction is the X direction, and the second direction is the Y direction.

[0026] Specifically, when the machine is working, the loading vehicle body 1 moves forward, and the soil-pushing mechanism 2 is inserted into the soil at the left and right ends of the vegetables, and the soil is pushed to both sides to facilitate root cutting. When it moves to the cutting position, the cutting drive motor 301 installed on the loading vehicle body 1 drives the high-speed rotating disc cutter 302 through the transmission shaft to cut the root of the cabbage. The clamping guide mechanism 4 includes a clamping belt conveyor 401 and a clamping drive motor 402. The clamping belt conveyor 401 is symmetrically installed on the frame, and the transmission direction is the second direction. The pulleys are installed on the same horizontal plane, and the axes of the pulleys are parallel to each other. The clamping drive motor 402 drives the clamping belt conveyor 401 to clamp the cut vegetables and transport them to the feed end of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism 5. The clamping belt has a certain elasticity after being fixed and tightened, and can adapt to the clamping and harvesting of vegetables of different sizes. The inclined conveying and lifting mechanism 5 lifts the vegetables dropped from the clamping guide mechanism 4 backward and upward, and the vegetables are transported to the discharging end through the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism 5 and fall into the buffer tank 601, thereby reducing the falling speed of the vegetables and reducing the impact force. In this embodiment, the sensing device 602 is an infrared counting sensor, the rotating device 603 is a servo steering engine, and the conveying device 604 is a belt conveyor. After the infrared sensor counter 602 installed on the inner side of the buffer tank 601 recognizes that a vegetable falls into the buffer tank 601, it will drive the servo steering engine connected to the loading vehicle body 1 through the transmission shaft to drive the transmission shaft to flip the buffer tank 601, and pour the vegetables into the loading box 605 placed on the belt conveyor. The vegetables that fall into the loading box 605 will roll away from the buffer tank 601 due to inertia. When the infrared sensor counter senses the specified number of vegetables, it will send a signal to drive the belt conveyor to move the loading box 605 along the first direction, and move the stacking position to the next row. Multiple cycles are performed to realize the function of automatic stacking and packing.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: by setting a buffer groove 601 between the loading box 605 and the inclined transmission lifting mechanism 5, the impact on the vegetables during the packing process can be reduced, the vegetable loss rate can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced; the setting of the sensing device 602 can identify the vegetables on the buffer groove 601 and drive the buffer groove 601 to flip by driving the rotating device 603, and pour the vegetables into the loading box 605 to realize the packing of vegetables. At the same time, the cooperation between the sensing device 602 and the conveying device 604 is combined to realize the orderly stacking of vegetables during the packing process, which solves the problem that the vegetables are placed in a messy manner during the mechanized harvesting and packing process, and it is impossible to avoid manual stacking in the later stage, thereby saving labor costs and improving work efficiency.

[0028] Here, another embodiment of the conveying device 604 is provided. The difference from the above embodiment is that the conveying direction of the conveying device 604 and the projection of the conveying direction of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism 5 on the horizontal plane are in the same direction. This embodiment can also realize the packing of vegetables. However, its limitation is that the packing process can only realize the stacking of one row. Each time a row is stacked, the box needs to be moved manually, which is extremely inconvenient. In addition, this design occupies a lot of vehicle body space, increases production costs and greatly increases the weight of the vehicle body.

[0029] Embodiment 2:

[0030] Embodiment 2 of a vegetable harvesting and stacking machine differs from Embodiment 1 in that a guide plate 505 is fixed on the loading vehicle body 1, and the guide plate 505 is located between the discharge end of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism 5 and the buffer groove 601, and is used to guide the falling position of the vegetables, so as to ensure that the vegetables fall into the buffer groove stably.

[0031] Specifically, one end of the guide plate 505 close to the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism 5 is higher than the other end in the vertical direction, and one end of the guide plate 505 close to the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism 5 is lower than the discharge end of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism 5 in the vertical direction. After passing through the discharge end of the inclined conveying mechanism 5, the vegetables will fall onto the guide plate 505 and roll along the direction of the guide plate 505, and then fall into the buffer groove 601. The other end of the guide plate 505 is close to the buffer groove 601, and the gap between the guide plate 505 and the buffer groove 601 is smaller than the vegetables, which can prevent the vegetables from falling from the gap and can more accurately guide the vegetables to fall into the buffer groove 601 with better stability.

[0032] Another embodiment of the guide plate 505 is also provided herein, such as Figure 3 As shown, the difference from the above-mentioned embodiment is that one end of the guide plate 505 close to the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism 5 is lower than the other end in the vertical direction, and one end of the guide plate 505 close to the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism 5 is higher than the discharge end of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism 5 in the vertical direction. The projection of the guide plate 505 on the horizontal plane partially overlaps with the projection of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism 5 on the horizontal plane and the projection of the buffer tank 601 in the initial state on the horizontal plane. After passing the discharge end of the inclined conveying mechanism 5, the vegetables will collide with the guide plate 505 and fall into the buffer tank 601 along the inclined direction of the guide plate 505, which can prevent the vegetables from falling into the buffer tank 601 due to too fast speed. However, the limitation of this embodiment is that different vegetables and vegetable sizes will cause the guide plate 505 to achieve different guiding effects. If the angle of the guide plate 505 is not adjusted in time, there is a small probability that the vegetables will fall from the gap between the buffer tank 601 and the inclined conveying mechanism 5.

[0033] The remaining features and technical effects of the above implementation are consistent with those of Example 1.

[0034] Embodiment 3:

[0035] Embodiment 3 of a vegetable harvesting and stacking machine is different from Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 in that the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism 5 includes a roller conveyor 501 and a fixed baffle 502; the soil-moving mechanism 2 includes a soil-moving disc 101; and the loading vehicle body 1 includes a universal wheel 101 and a fixed wheel 102.

[0036] Specifically, the roller conveyor 501 is installed behind the clamping guide mechanism 4. The discharge end of the roller conveyor 501 is higher than its feed end in the vertical direction, which can realize the upward lifting of vegetables. There is a gap between the rollers. During the transportation of vegetables, soil and scattered outer leaves will fall in the gap between the bars, and the vegetables will change from a vertical posture to a lying posture under the action of force, which can realize the preliminary cleaning effect and the change of the posture of the vegetables, which is convenient for subsequent stacking and packaging. The fixed baffle 502 is installed on the loading body 1 and is located on both sides of the roller conveyor 501, which can prevent the vegetables from falling from both sides during the upward transportation process and reduce the loss rate.

[0037] The soil-moving disc 101 is symmetrically installed in front of the loading body 1. The end of the soil-moving disc 101 away from the clamping guide mechanism 4 is closer to the axis of the loading body 1 than the other end. As the loading body 1 moves forward, the soil will be moved away along the outside of the soil-moving disc 101, exposing the roots of vegetables for easy cutting. The soil-moving disc 101 can move a larger area of ​​soil with less resistance, thereby better achieving root cutting.

[0038] The universal wheels 101 are symmetrically installed in front of the loading body 1, and the fixed wheels 102 are symmetrically installed on the same horizontal plane as the universal wheels 101 and away from the cutting mechanism 1, so that the loading body 1 can move in all directions with better flexibility.

[0039] The remaining features and technical effects of this embodiment are consistent with those of Embodiment 1.

[0040] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitution or modification made by a person skilled in the art based on the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vegetable harvesting and stacking machine, comprising a loading body (1), a soil-moving mechanism (2) sequentially mounted on the loading body, a cutting mechanism (3), a clamping and guiding mechanism (4) and an inclined conveying and lifting mechanism (5), characterized in that: The invention also comprises an automatic stacking and boxing mechanism (6) installed on the loading vehicle body (1) and located at one side of the discharge end of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism (5), wherein the automatic stacking and boxing mechanism (6) comprises a buffer tank (601), a sensing device (602), a rotating device (603), a conveying device (604) and a loading box (605), wherein the buffer tank (601) is located between the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism (5) and the conveying device (604) and is lower than the discharge end of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism (5); the buffer tank (601) is rotationally connected to the loading vehicle body (1); the rotating device (603) drives the buffer tank (601) to flip; the sensing device (602) identifies whether an object is placed in the buffer tank (601) and counts; the loading box (605) is located above the conveying device (604); and the upper end of the loading box (605) is lower than the buffer tank (601).

2. The vegetable harvesting and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer groove (601) is a hollow semi-cylinder.

3. The vegetable harvesting and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating device (603) is a servo steering gear; the servo steering gear is installed inside the buffer groove (601); the servo steering gear is connected to the buffer groove (601) via a transmission shaft.

4. The vegetable harvesting and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing device (602) is an infrared sensor counter, and the infrared sensor counter is installed on the inner side of the buffer tank (601).

5. The vegetable harvesting and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying direction of the conveying device (604) is a first direction, and the projection of the conveying direction of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism (5) on a horizontal plane is a second direction; the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

6. The vegetable harvesting and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a guide plate (505), the guide plate (505) being fixed on the loading vehicle body (1); the guide plate (505) being located on a side of the discharging end of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism (5) away from the soil-moving mechanism (2); the guide plate (505) being used to guide the vegetables to fall into the buffer trough (601).

7. The vegetable harvesting and stacking machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the guide plate (505) close to the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism (5) is higher than the other end in the vertical direction; one end of the guide plate (505) close to the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism (5) is lower than the discharge end of the inclined conveying and lifting mechanism (5) in the vertical direction, and the other end of the guide plate (505) is close to the buffer groove (601).

8. The vegetable harvesting and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined conveying and lifting mechanism (5) comprises a roller conveyor (501) and a fixed baffle (502); the feed end of the roller conveyor (501) is lower than the clamping guide mechanism (4) in the vertical direction; the discharge end of the roller conveyor (501) is higher than its feed end in the vertical direction; and the fixed baffle (502) is symmetrically mounted on the loading vehicle body (1) and located on both sides of the roller conveyor (501).

9. The vegetable harvesting and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil-moving mechanism (2) comprises a soil-moving disc (201); the soil-moving disc (201) is symmetrically mounted on the loading vehicle body (1); one end of the soil-moving disc (201) away from the clamping guide mechanism (4) is closer to the axis of the loading vehicle body (1) than the other end.

10. The vegetable harvesting and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading vehicle body (1) comprises a universal wheel (101) and a fixed wheel (102); the fixed wheel (102) and the universal wheel (101) are symmetrically mounted on the same horizontal plane on the loading vehicle body, and the universal wheel (101) is closer to the soil-moving mechanism (2) than the fixed wheel (102).

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