Clamp device for quickly clamping cylinder cover of marine diesel engine

Abstract

The utility model provides a clamp device for quickly clamping a marine diesel engine cylinder cover, and belongs to the technical field of diesel engine clamping. Comprising a transverse clamping fixture for transversely placing, clamping and fixing the cylinder cover and a vertical clamping fixture for vertically placing, clamping and fixing the cylinder cover; the transversely-placed clamping fixture comprises a transversely-placed fixture base, a transversely-placed middle supporting body is vertically arranged in the middle of the upper portion of the transversely-placed fixture base, and transversely-placed positioning and fixing assemblies used for symmetrically and transversely clamping the two cylinder covers at the same time are symmetrically arranged on the two opposite side faces of the transversely-placed middle supporting body. The vertically-placed clamping fixture comprises a vertically-placed fixture base, a vertically-placed middle supporting body is vertically arranged in the middle of the upper portion of the vertically-placed fixture base, and vertically-placed positioning and fixing assemblies used for symmetrically and vertically clamping the two cylinder covers at the same time are symmetrically arranged on the two opposite side faces of the vertically-placed middle supporting body. According to the clamp, the requirement of industrial automatic production is met, and the batch clamping stability is ensured while the requirement of fast and convenient clamping of the marine diesel engine cylinder cover is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of diesel engine clamping, and in particular relates to a clamp device for quickly clamping a cylinder head of a marine diesel engine. Background Art

[0002] With the development of industrial automation, the processing accuracy and production efficiency of marine diesel engine cylinder heads are getting higher and higher. In order to improve the automated productivity of marine diesel engine cylinder heads, it is a trend of industrial automation development to establish an automated production line for marine diesel engine cylinder heads. In order to ensure the efficient operation of the automated production line, the clamp is required to provide stable clamping force and consistent processing benchmarks for the batch production of cylinder heads during the entire processing process of the cylinder heads, and meet the requirements of rapid assembly and disassembly of large cylinder heads.

[0003] Limited by the size and weight of the cylinder head of a marine diesel engine, the traditional processing of the cylinder head of a marine diesel engine has a long process, scattered processing elements, many types of tooling, and many processing reference conversion times. In addition, the traditional fixture can only clamp a small number of parts at a time, and the clamping method is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0004] The cylinder head of a marine diesel engine is large in size and its appearance is mostly a quadrilateral or polygonal body. The main processing elements and processing difficulties are mainly based on the hole system. Therefore, in order to take into account the appearance characteristics and processing difficulties of the cylinder head, the traditional processing scheme is to use the cylinder head "horizontal" (such as Figure 6-7 as shown) and "vertical" (as Figure 8-9 The two postures are combined and interspersed, with many clamping times and frequent reference changes.

[0005] Disadvantages of "horizontal" processing of cylinder heads:

[0006] 1. The vertical accuracy between the tooling and the machine tool spindle depends on the operator's alignment of the two alignment blocks 4 on the tooling;

[0007] 2. The machining accuracy of the cylinder head's surrounding surfaces depends on the manufacturing accuracy of the two alignment blocks 4 and the two pins, namely the horizontal diamond pin 6 and the horizontal cylindrical pin 7 on the tooling;

[0008] 3. The clamping stability of the cylinder head depends on the four top pressure plates 5. However, in the horizontal state, the hanging heights of the clamping bolts and the supporting bolts are too high, which weakens the clamping stability of the fixture as a whole.

[0009] 4. The horizontal clamp body 3 is connected to the machine tool worktable by T-bolts. The force direction of the clamp body 3 and the clamping bolt is vertically opposite and weakens each other, which is not conducive to the clamping stability required in the processing process.

[0010] Disadvantages of "vertical" processing of cylinder heads:

[0011] 1. In order to process the two sides of the cylinder head, the cylinder head needs to be lifted up. Therefore, the cylinder head needs to be lifted steadily during installation so that the two vertical cylindrical pins 11 and the vertical diamond pins 12 can be inserted into the reference holes on the cylinder head. However, the cylinder head cavity is complex and heavy, and the center of gravity is not easy to determine, so the installation is time-consuming and laborious;

[0012] 2. The cylinder head is suspended sideways and is pressed by a vertical fixed pressure plate 10. Two floating supports 13 are arranged to prevent the far end of the cylinder head (i.e., the side away from the positioning pin) from sinking when the cylinder head is suspended. However, the adjustment accuracy of the floating supports 13 depends on the operator's level, which can easily cause the cylinder head to be distorted in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0013] 3. The vertical clamp body 8 is connected to the support iron 9 by T-bolts. Under the action of the clamping bolts and T-bolts of the cylinder head, the vertical clamp body 8 is prone to fatigue stress, thereby losing its own strength and precision;

[0014] 4. The support iron 9 is connected to the machine tool worktable by T-bolts. During the cylinder head machining process, the support iron is affected by the cutting force and tends to tilt backward, which is not conducive to the clamping stability of the clamp.

[0015] In summary, the disadvantages of the traditional processing scheme are: the frequency of rough-finish conversion is high, the processing accuracy is eroded by the clamping accuracy; the cylinder head hanging clamping method is difficult to operate; the floating support accuracy is difficult to ensure; the traditional processing method is not conducive to the requirements of batch and automated production of cylinder heads. Therefore, it is necessary to propose improvements. Utility Model Content

[0016] The technical problem solved by the utility model is to provide a clamp device for quickly clamping a cylinder head of a marine diesel engine. The utility model aims to design a clamp device for clamping a cylinder head of a marine diesel engine so as to meet the needs of industrial automated production, realize the needs of fast and convenient clamping of the cylinder head of a marine diesel engine and ensure the stability of batch clamping.

[0017] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0018] A clamp device for quick clamping of a cylinder head of a marine diesel engine, comprising a horizontal clamping clamp for clamping and fixing the cylinder head horizontally and a vertical clamping clamp for clamping and fixing the cylinder head vertically;

[0019] The horizontal clamping fixture comprises a horizontal clamp base, a horizontal intermediate support body is vertically arranged in the middle of the upper part of the horizontal clamp base, and horizontal positioning and fixing components for symmetrically clamping two cylinder heads at the same time are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the horizontal intermediate support body;

[0020] The vertical clamping fixture comprises a vertical clamp base, a vertical intermediate support body is vertically arranged in the middle of the upper part of the vertical clamp base, and vertical positioning and fixing components for symmetrically vertically clamping two cylinder heads at the same time are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the vertical intermediate support body.

[0021] Among them, each group of the horizontal positioning and fixing components includes a horizontal positioning plate, a horizontal positioning pin, a horizontal support plate and a quick-change clamping assembly; the horizontal positioning plates are provided in multiple and are evenly distributed on the corresponding side surfaces of the horizontal intermediate support body and are used to position the stop end surface of the cylinder head; the horizontal positioning pins are provided in two and are fixed on two horizontal and flush horizontal positioning plates and are used to fit with the inner side of the stop of the cylinder head for positioning; the horizontal support plate is fixed on the horizontal clamp base and is used to support the cylinder head from the bottom; the quick-change clamping assembly is arranged on the corresponding side surfaces of the horizontal intermediate support body according to the position and number of the bolt holes on the cylinder head; the quick-change clamping assembly is combined with the bolt holes on the cylinder head to clamp the cylinder head.

[0022] Furthermore, the quick-change clamping assembly includes a quick-change connecting rod, a quick-change bolt, a quick-change limit pin, a quick-change gasket, and a quick-change nut. The quick-change connecting rod is fixed on a horizontally placed intermediate support body. A connecting hole is provided in the middle of the quick-change connecting rod, and a limit slot is provided on one side of the connecting hole. A quick-change limit pin is provided at one end of the quick-change bolt for adapting and engaging with the limit slot, and the quick-change gasket and quick-change nut are adapted on the other end of the quick-change bolt.

[0023] Furthermore, the quick-change clamping assembly adopts a standard pressure plate structure.

[0024] Among them, the vertical positioning and fixing assembly includes a vertical positioning plate, a vertical limiting block, a vertical pressure plate assembly and a vertical support plate; the vertical positioning plates are provided in multiple and are evenly distributed on the corresponding side surfaces of the vertical intermediate support body and are used to position the bottom surface of the cylinder head opposite to the stop end surface; the vertical limiting block is provided on one side of the corresponding side surface of the vertical intermediate support body to position one side of the bottom surface of the cylinder head; the vertical support plate is fixed on the vertical clamp base and is used to support the cylinder head from the bottom; the vertical pressure plate assembly is provided in multiple groups and is evenly distributed on the corresponding side surfaces of the vertical intermediate support body and is used to press the cylinder head tightly.

[0025] Furthermore, the vertical pressure plate assembly adopts a standard pressure plate structure.

[0026] The advantages of this utility model compared with the prior art:

[0027] 1. This solution focuses on the processing of marine diesel engines and concentrates its processing elements, determines the clamping posture of parts during the processing, and designs horizontal clamping fixtures and vertical clamping fixtures. Both clamping methods can meet the processing requirements of completing three surfaces of the cylinder head after one clamping, and each set of tooling symmetrically installs two cylinder heads, which improves the processing rhythm. The symmetrically designed workstations are also conducive to improving the overall stability of the fixture. Both clamping methods are improved "one side, two pins" positioning methods, and have low technical requirements for the operation of the lifting and installation process of the parts. The stable desktop support method also fundamentally eliminates the problems of turning around and tilting the head caused by the parts during hanging positioning, reduces the difficulty of clamping, and improves the quality of part clamping. The fixture device meets the requirements of industrial automation production, improves the clamping accuracy of parts, and reduces the difficulty of part clamping;

[0028] 2. This solution simplifies the clamping process and reduces the clamping workload: a quick-change clamping assembly is designed. In actual use, workers only need to loosen the nut a few times to remove the limit pin from the notch of the connecting rod connected to the bolt. When clamping, the operation can be reversed. It saves time and effort, is convenient and quick, reduces work intensity and improves work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural front view of the horizontally placed clamping fixture in the utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a left side view of the structure of the horizontal clamping fixture in the utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the quick-change clamping assembly in the utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a structural front view of the vertical clamping fixture in the utility model;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a left side view of the structure of the vertical clamping fixture in the utility model;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a structural front view of a horizontal processing fixture in the prior art;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a top view of the structure of a horizontal processing fixture in the prior art;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a structural front view of a vertical processing fixture in the prior art;

[0037] Fig. 9 It is the structural left view of the vertical processing fixture in the prior art. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "includes a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0040] See also Figure 1-9 , describe the embodiments of the present utility model in detail.

[0041] Embodiment: A clamp device for quick clamping of a cylinder head of a marine diesel engine comprises a horizontal clamping fixture 1 for clamping and fixing the cylinder head horizontally and a vertical clamping fixture 2 for clamping and fixing the cylinder head vertically;

[0042] See also Figure 1-2 As shown, the horizontal clamping fixture 1 comprises a horizontal clamp base 1-1, a horizontal intermediate support body 1-2 is vertically arranged in the middle of the upper part of the horizontal clamp base 1-1, and horizontal positioning and fixing components 1-3 for symmetrically clamping two cylinder heads at the same time are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the horizontal intermediate support body 1-2;

[0043] See also Figure 4-5 As shown, the vertical clamping fixture 2 includes a vertical clamp base 2-1, a vertical intermediate support body 2-2 is vertically provided in the middle of the upper part of the vertical clamp base 2-1, and vertical positioning and fixing components 2-3 for symmetrically vertically clamping two cylinder heads at the same time are symmetrically provided on the opposite two sides of the vertical intermediate support body 2-2.

[0044] In a specific implementation: see Figure 1-2As shown, each group of the horizontal positioning and fixing components 1-3 includes a horizontal positioning plate 1-3-1, a horizontal positioning pin 1-3-2, a horizontal support plate 1-3-3 and a quick-change clamping component 1-3-4; the horizontal positioning plates 1-3-1 are provided with 6 and are evenly distributed on the corresponding side surfaces of the horizontal intermediate support body 1-2 and are used to position the stop end surface of the cylinder head; the horizontal positioning pins 1-3-2 are provided with two and are fixed on two horizontal and flush horizontal positioning plates 1-3-1 and are used to fit with the inner side of the stop of the cylinder head for positioning; the horizontal support plates 1-3-3 are provided with two and are fixed on the horizontal clamp base 1-1 and are used to support the cylinder head from the bottom; the quick-change clamping components 1-3-4 are provided with 4 groups according to the positions and numbers of the bolt holes on the cylinder head and are arranged on the corresponding side surfaces of the horizontal intermediate support body 1-2; the quick-change clamping components 1-3-4 are combined with the bolt holes on the cylinder head to clamp the cylinder head.

[0045] Preferably, see Figure 3 As shown, the quick-change clamping assembly 1-3-4 includes a quick-change connecting rod 1-3-4-1, a quick-change bolt 1-3-4-2, a quick-change limit pin 1-3-4-3, a quick-change gasket 1-3-4-5, and a quick-change nut 1-3-4-6. The quick-change connecting rod 1-3-4-1 is fixed on the horizontally placed middle support body 1-2. A connecting hole is provided in the middle of the quick-change connecting rod 1-3-4-1, and a limit slot 1-3-4-4 is provided on one side of the connecting hole. A quick-change limit pin 1-3-4-3 for adapting and engaging with the limit slot 1-3-4-4 is provided at one end of the quick-change bolt 1-3-4-2, and the quick-change gasket 1-3-4-5 and the quick-change nut 1-3-4-6 are adapted on the other end of the quick-change bolt 1-3-4-2.

[0046] In addition, the quick-change clamping assembly 1-3-4 may also adopt a standard pressure plate structure.

[0047] In a specific implementation: see Figure 4-5 As shown, the vertical positioning and fixing assembly 2-3 includes a vertical positioning plate 2-3-1, a vertical limiting block 2-3-2, a vertical pressure plate assembly 2-3-3 and a vertical support plate 2-3-4; the vertical positioning plates 2-3-1 are provided with 4 and are evenly distributed on the corresponding side surfaces of the vertical intermediate support body 2-2 and are used to position the bottom surface of the cylinder head opposite to the stop end surface; the vertical limiting block 2-3-2 is arranged on one side of the corresponding side surface of the vertical intermediate support body 2-2 to position one side of the bottom surface of the cylinder head; the vertical support plates 2-3-4 are provided with 2 and are fixed on the vertical clamp base 2-1 and are used to support the cylinder head from the bottom; the vertical pressure plate assembly 2-3-3 is provided with multiple groups and is evenly distributed on the corresponding side surfaces of the vertical intermediate support body 2-2 and is used to press the cylinder head tightly.

[0048] Preferably, the vertical pressure plate assembly 2-3-3 adopts a standard pressure plate structure.

[0049] This fixture combines basic mechanical clamping, positioning, and connection structures, and designs a new clamping solution for marine diesel engine cylinder heads that can be quickly assembled and disassembled and clamped stably, while meeting the requirements of industrial automated production. First, the processing elements are concentrated to reduce the number of assembly and disassembly of parts; second, the parts are suspended in a stable supporting manner to reduce the difficulty of clamping the parts; and finally, the long clamping method is optimized to improve the stability of part clamping. Specifically, the advantages of this fixture are:

[0050] 1. Concentrate on processing elements and determine the clamping posture of parts during processing

[0051] Because the cylinder heads of marine diesel engines are mostly regular polygonal structures, the main processing elements are mainly hole systems. Therefore, the processing elements are classified according to the functionality of the hole systems and the correlation between the hole systems. The related ones are arranged in one process as much as possible to avoid repeated positioning errors caused by changing tooling, machine tools, etc.

[0052] 2. Optimize the "one side two pins" clamping method to reduce the difficulty of clamping

[0053] After integrating and classifying the processing elements of the parts, the clamping posture of the cylinder head is determined, and two processing postures, horizontal and vertical, are adopted. Figure 1-5 shown.

[0054] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the cylinder head is placed horizontally on the horizontal clamping fixture 1. One side of the cylinder head is placed on the horizontal support plate 1-3-3 to limit the Y direction and rotation. The inner side of the cylinder head stop is limited in the X direction by two horizontal positioning pins 1-3-2, and the stop surface is against the horizontal positioning plate 1-3-1 to limit the Z direction and rotation. The 6 degrees of freedom are completely limited and the position of the cylinder head is fixed; it is clamped through the 4 bolt holes on the cylinder head to shorten the length of the clamping bolts, and the bolt connection is designed as a quick-change structure to shorten the operation time of workers. This clamping state can complete the hole system processing on the three surfaces of the cylinder head in one clamping by rotating the machine tool worktable. And two clamping stations can be arranged on the table to improve the processing cycle.

[0055] like Figure 4-5As shown, the cylinder head is placed vertically on the vertical clamping fixture 2. One side of the cylinder head is placed on the vertical support plate 2-3-4 to limit the Y direction and rotation. The outer side is limited in the X direction by the vertical limit block 2-3-2. The large surface is placed on the vertical positioning plate 2-3-1 to limit the Z direction and rotation. The six degrees of freedom are completely restricted and the position of the cylinder head is fixed. The corresponding clamping devices are arranged at the positions of the four positioning plates according to the structural characteristics of the cylinder head. Since this clamping method greatly shortens the clamping distance, it can be completed using standard clamps on the market, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the fixture and shortens the operation time. The remaining three surfaces are processed in this clamping state. Two clamping stations can be arranged on the table to improve the processing rhythm.

[0056] The above two clamping methods can meet the requirements of completing the processing of three surfaces of the cylinder head after one clamping, and each set of tooling is symmetrically installed with two cylinder heads, which improves the processing cycle. The symmetrically designed workstations are also conducive to improving the overall stability of the fixture. Both clamping methods are improved "one side, two pins" positioning methods, which have low requirements for the operation technology of the lifting and installation process of the parts. The stable table support method also fundamentally eliminates the problems of turning around and tilting the head of the parts due to suspension positioning, and improves the quality of part clamping.

[0057] 3. Simplify the compaction process and reduce the compaction workload

[0058] Design quick-change clamping components to reduce work intensity and improve work efficiency. Figure 3 As shown, in actual use, workers only need to loosen the quick-change nut a few times to connect the quick-change bolt to lift the limit pin out of the notch of the quick-change connecting rod, and then perform the reverse operation when tightening, which is easy and labor-saving, convenient and quick.

[0059] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention, and any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0060] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A clamp device for quick clamping of a marine diesel engine cylinder head, characterized in that: It comprises a horizontal clamping fixture (1) for clamping and fixing the cylinder head horizontally, and a vertical clamping fixture (2) for clamping and fixing the cylinder head vertically; The horizontal clamping fixture (1) comprises a horizontal clamp base (1-1), a horizontal intermediate support body (1-2) is vertically arranged in the middle of the upper part of the horizontal clamp base (1-1), and horizontal positioning and fixing components (1-3) for symmetrically clamping two cylinder heads in the horizontal direction are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the horizontal intermediate support body (1-2); The vertical clamping fixture (2) comprises a vertical clamp base (2-1), a vertical intermediate support body (2-2) is vertically arranged in the middle of the upper part of the vertical clamp base (2-1), and vertical positioning and fixing components (2-3) for symmetrically clamping two cylinder heads simultaneously and vertically are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the vertical intermediate support body (2-2); Each group of the horizontal positioning and fixing components (1-3) comprises a horizontal positioning plate (1-3-1), a horizontal positioning pin (1-3-2), a horizontal support plate (1-3-3) and a quick-change clamping component (1-3-4); the horizontal positioning plates (1-3-1) are provided in plurality and are evenly distributed on corresponding side surfaces of the horizontal intermediate support body (1-2) and are used to position the stop end surface of the cylinder head; the horizontal positioning pins (1-3-2) are provided in two pieces and are fixed on two horizontally flush surfaces. The horizontal positioning plate (1-3-1) is used to fit with the inner side of the stopper of the cylinder head for positioning; the horizontal support plate (1-3-3) is fixed on the horizontal clamp base (1-1) and is used to support the cylinder head from the bottom; the quick-change clamping assembly (1-3-4) is arranged on the corresponding side of the horizontal intermediate support body (1-2) according to the position and number of the bolt holes on the cylinder head; the quick-change clamping assembly (1-3-4) is combined with the bolt holes on the cylinder head to clamp the cylinder head; The vertical positioning and fixing assembly (2-3) comprises a vertical positioning plate (2-3-1), a vertical limiting block (2-3-2), a vertical pressure plate assembly (2-3-3) and a vertical support plate (2-3-4); the vertical positioning plate (2-3-1) is provided with a plurality of plates and is evenly distributed on the corresponding side surfaces of the vertical intermediate support body (2-2) and is used to position the bottom surface of the cylinder head opposite to the stop end surface; the vertical limiting block (2-3-2) is provided on one side of the corresponding side surface of the vertical intermediate support body (2-2) to position one side of the bottom surface of the cylinder head; the vertical support plate (2-3-4) is fixed on the vertical clamp base (2-1) and is used to support the cylinder head from the bottom; the vertical pressure plate assembly (2-3-3) is provided with a plurality of plates and is evenly distributed on the corresponding side surfaces of the vertical intermediate support body (2-2) and is used to press the cylinder head.

2. The clamp device for quick clamping of a marine diesel engine cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-change clamping assembly (1-3-4) comprises a quick-change connecting rod (1-3-4-1), a quick-change bolt (1-3-4-2), a quick-change limiting pin (1-3-4-3), a quick-change gasket (1-3-4-5), and a quick-change nut (1-3-4-6). The quick-change connecting rod (1-3-4-1) is fixed on a horizontally placed intermediate support body (1-2). A connecting hole is provided in the middle of the quick-change connecting rod (1-3-4-1). A limiting slot (1-3-4-4) is provided on one side of the connecting hole. A quick-change limiting pin (1-3-4-3) for matching and engaging with the limiting slot (1-3-4-4) is provided at one end of the quick-change bolt (1-3-4-2). The quick-change gasket (1-3-4-5) and the quick-change nut (1-3-4-6) are matched on the other end of the quick-change bolt (1-3-4-2).

3. The clamp device for quick clamping of a marine diesel engine cylinder head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The quick-change clamping assembly (1-3-4) adopts a pressure plate structure.

4. The clamp device for quick clamping of a marine diesel engine cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertically placed pressure plate assembly (2-3-3) adopts a pressure plate structure.

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