Step type anchor rod soil retaining structure in slope area

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of retaining wall construction, in particular to a slope area step type anchor rod retaining structure which comprises steps, a retaining wall, anchor rods and a filling area. And the steps are formed by carrying out stepped excavation along the slope surface line. The retaining wall comprises a wall body and a base, the base is arranged on the step, the bottom shape of the base is matched with that of the step, the wall body is located on the base, and the width of the base is larger than that of the wall body. The upper end of the anchor rod is connected with the base, and the lower end of the anchor rod penetrates through the bed rock surface to be anchored in the bed rock. The filling area is located between the wall body and the step. The foundation of the retaining wall is arranged on the steps formed by carrying out stepped excavation along the slope surface line, so that the effects that the excavated earth volume is small, and damage to an original slope is small can be achieved, then the stability of an excavated slope is improved, the risk that the slope is unstable or slides along a foundation covering surface is reduced, and the safety risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of retaining wall construction, in particular to a stepped anchor retaining structure in a slope area. Background Technique

[0002] When carrying out engineering construction on mountain slopes, such as building roads, houses, etc., it is necessary to first process the slopes to create a flat ground. Generally, the method adopted is a combination of retaining walls and filling. Specifically, retaining wall construction is carried out at the edge of the slope, and then filling and compaction are carried out inside the retaining wall to form a flat plane area. A retaining wall refers to a structure that prevents the soil of the subgrade filling or the mountain slope from deforming and becoming unstable. Currently, the commonly used forms include: gravity type, anchored type, thin-walled type, reinforced soil, column plate type, pile plate type, stack type, etc. During the construction of the retaining wall foundation, it is easy to cause slope collapse due to excavation, thus triggering mountain geological disasters and bringing greater risks and losses to the subsequent project construction.

[0003] Existing retaining walls are mostly applicable to gentle slopes or flat ground. However, the terrain in mountainous areas is generally steep. When existing retaining walls are constructed in slope areas, the following problems exist: Existing retaining walls require deeper foundation pit excavation to stabilize the retaining wall. However, when the slope gradient is large, a relatively high front edge free face is formed after the foundation pit excavation (the front edge free face refers to the boundary surface of the free space formed after the excavation of the retaining wall foundation pit. This boundary surface is the part of the rock and soil mass that is exposed during the excavation process and has no support or constraint), which is prone to inducing the problem of soil slope instability or sliding along the base-overlying surface interface, and has a relatively high safety risk. At the same time, carrying out deeper foundation pit excavation on slopes has high construction costs and great construction difficulties. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art that when using traditional retaining walls for construction in slope areas, the foundation pit excavation requires a relatively large depth, and a relatively high front edge free face is formed after the foundation pit excavation, which is prone to inducing the problem of soil slope instability or sliding along the base-overlying surface interface, thus having a relatively high safety risk, and to provide a stepped anchor retaining structure in a slope area.

[0005] The utility model provides a stepped anchor retaining structure in a slope area, including:

[0006] Steps, which are formed by stepped excavation along the slope line;

[0007] A retaining wall, which includes a wall body and a base. The base is arranged on the steps, the bottom shape of the base matches the steps, the wall body is located on the base, and the width of the base is greater than the width of the wall body;

[0008] An anchor rod, the upper end of the anchor rod is connected to the base, and the lower end of the anchor rod passes through the bedrock surface and is anchored in the bedrock;

[0009] A fill area, the fill area is located between the wall body and the step, and the fill area is used for backfilling earthwork.

[0010] The utility model provides a stepped anchor rod retaining structure in a slope area. The steps are arranged in a stepped manner along the slope line. The base of the retaining wall is arranged on the steps, and the bottom shape of the base matches the steps, so that the base can be in firm contact with the steps. The base is provided with the anchor rod. The upper end of the anchor rod is firmly connected to the base, and the lower end of the anchor rod is anchored in the bedrock. The fill area is used for backfilling earthwork. The width of the base is greater than the width of the wall body, so that the base has a larger contact area with the steps, can arrange more anchor rods, and further enhances the anti-overturning and anti-sliding capabilities of the retaining wall. Because the steps are formed only by stepped excavation along the slope line, it is not necessary to carry out deep foundation pit excavation on the slope. The excavation earthwork volume of the stepped excavation is small, and the damage to the original slope is small, improving the stability of the excavated slope. Therefore, the risk of slope instability or sliding along the base covering surface can be reduced, and the occurrence of safety accidents can be reduced.

[0011] In addition, by anchoring the retaining wall to the bedrock together, the anchor rod can be arranged vertically or perpendicular to the slope line, that is, obliquely arranged. The anchor rod can provide a downward or vertically slope-line-facing pulling force for the retaining wall, and the pulling force can provide an anti-overturning moment and an anti-sliding force for the retaining wall, thereby enhancing the stability of the retaining wall. The overturning moment comes from the horizontal thrust of the fill in the fill area acting on the wall body. The use of the steps not only reduces the excavation volume, but also reduces the backfill volume, saves construction costs, and shortens the construction period of excavation and backfill.

[0012] Preferably, the wall body and the base are flush on the side of the free face. The top surface of the part of the base exceeding the width of the wall body is a platform, and the platform is located between the wall body and the steps. In the cross-section of the retaining wall, the side in contact with the fill area is generally called the wall back, and the free face refers to the side in the cross-section of the retaining wall that is opposite to the wall back and faces the open space (such as air, water body or other non-supporting media). There will be a certain included angle or sharp corner area between the traditional retaining wall and the slope. The space of this included angle or sharp corner area is limited, and the compaction equipment may not be able to enter or is difficult to operate, resulting in poor compaction effect. And the platform can facilitate the entry of the compaction equipment for convenient compaction operations, which is beneficial to improving the compaction degree of the filling area.

[0013] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the wall body is trapezoidal. That is, the width of the upper part of the wall body is smaller than that of the lower part. The wall body is subjected to a horizontal thrust from the filled area. The higher the position of the horizontal thrust, the smaller the thrust. Therefore, the bending moment received by the higher position of the wall body is also smaller. The trapezoidal shape of the wall body meets the stress requirements and reduces the self-weight of the retaining wall, saving materials and costs.

[0014] Preferably, a drain pipe is provided on the wall body. One end of the drain pipe is located in the filled area, and the other end of the drain pipe is located on the free face of the wall body. The drain pipe is used to drain the accumulated water in the filled area and reduce the adverse effects brought by the accumulated water to the retaining wall.

[0015] Preferably, a filter layer is laid on the platform. The drain pipe and the bottom of the filter layer are at the same height. One end of the drain pipe located in the filled area is provided with holes and geotextiles. The holes are located on the pipe wall of the drain pipe, and the geotextiles are used to wrap the drain pipe. The filter layer can prevent soil particles from being washed away by the water flow, and effectively reduce the soil loss in the filled area while draining the accumulated water.

[0016] Preferably, a waterproof layer is provided between the filter layer and the step. The waterproof layer can reduce the infiltration of accumulated water into the step and avoid the damage to the step caused by the accumulated water.

[0017] Preferably, a catch drain is provided at the top of the step. The catch drain can drain away the accumulated water on the filled area in time and reduce the inflow of the accumulated water into the filled area.

[0018] Preferably, the anchor rods are arranged vertically. In this solution, when the retaining wall is subjected to a horizontal thrust from the filled area, it is easy to rotate around the lowest point of the retaining wall. The vertically arranged anchor rods can provide a vertically downward pulling force for the retaining wall, and can provide a greater anti-overturning moment compared to the anchor rods arranged perpendicular to the slope line.

[0019] Preferably, a wall toe is provided at the lower corner of the free face of the base. The wall toe can increase the contact area between the retaining wall and the foundation, thereby reducing the base pressure stress and improving the stability of the retaining wall.

[0020] Preferably, the anchor rods are placed in the anchoring holes. A positioner is provided in the anchoring holes. The positioner is used to restrict the position of the anchor rods in the anchoring holes. There is an adhesive between the anchoring holes and the anchor rods. The adhesive is used to bond the anchor rods and the anchoring holes tightly together.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0022] 1. The utility model provides a stepped anchor retaining structure in a slope area. By setting the base of the retaining wall on the steps formed by stepped excavation along the slope line, it can achieve a small amount of excavated soil, cause less damage to the original slope, thereby improve the stability of the excavated slope, reduce the risk of slope instability or sliding along the base covering surface, and reduce safety risks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a sectional view of a stepped anchor retaining structure in a slope area.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged view of the toe of a stepped anchor retaining structure in a slope area.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a partial enlarged view of the drain pipe of a stepped anchor retaining structure in a slope area.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the anchoring hole of a stepped anchor retaining structure in a slope area. Markings in the figure: 1 - retaining wall, 2 - wall body, 3 - base, 4 - step, 5 - platform, 6 - toe, 7 - anchor, 8 - drain pipe, 9 - waterproof layer, 10 - catchwater ditch, 11 - slope line, 12 - bedrock surface, 13 - filter layer, 14 - filling area, 15 - locator, 16 - binder, 17 - anchoring hole, 18 - hole, 19 - geotextile, 20 - top surface of the toe, 21 - side surface of the toe. SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The following further describes the present utility model in detail with specific embodiments. However, this should not be understood that the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present utility model is limited to the following embodiments. All technologies implemented based on the content of the present utility model belong to the scope of the present utility model.

[0028] In the description of the specific embodiments of the present utility model, without special explanation, the expression terms of the orientation or position relationship indicated by "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inside", "outside", etc. are all based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship when the utility model product / device / device is usually used and placed. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the solution of the present utility model or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, facilitating technicians to quickly understand the solution, rather than indicating or implying that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0029] In addition, when terms such as "horizontal", "vertical", "hanging", "parallel" appear, it does not mean that the corresponding device / component / element is required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or hanging or parallel, but it can be slightly inclined or deviated. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and it does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined. Or, it can be simply understood that the corresponding device / component / element is arranged in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "hanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still perform its function in the technical solution of the present invention.

[0030] In addition, when expressions such as "first", "second", "third" appear in the terms, they are only used to distinguish the descriptions of the same or similar components, and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0031] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "multiple", "a plurality of" represent at least 2. It can be any situation such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, etc., and can even be a situation exceeding 9.

[0032] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, when terms such as "set", "installed", "connected", "coupled", "provided with", "laid", "arranged" appear, they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be connection means commonly used in the art such as welding, riveting, bolting, threaded connection, etc. Such a connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or a communication connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] As Figure 1 shown, a stepped anchor retaining structure in a slope area includes a retaining wall 1, a wall body 2, a base 3, steps 4, anchor rods 7, and a fill area 14.

[0035] The step 4 is formed by stepped excavation along the slope line 11. The step 4 can be shallowly excavated along the slope line 11. Specifically, the width and height of each step of the step 4 can be 0.5m - 1.5m, and the specific width and height can be 0.5m, 0.8m, 1.0m, 1.2m, 1.5m. The step 4 extends upward along the slope to a position flush with the top surface of the fill area 14, which can increase the roughness of the slope, thereby increasing the friction between the filled earthwork and the slope. This increased friction helps reduce the possibility of the filled earthwork sliding along the slope, thereby enhancing the stability of the fill area 14 after filling.

[0036] The retaining wall 1 includes a wall body 2 and a base 3. The base 3 is provided on the step 4, and the bottom shape of the base 3 matches the step 4. The wall body 2 is located on the base 3, and the width of the base 3 is greater than the width of the wall body 2. The retaining wall 1 can be made of C20, C25 or C30 concrete. The height of the retaining wall 1 can be 8.0m - 10.0m, and the specific height can be 8.0m, 8.5m, 8.9m, 9.2m, 9.5m, 10.0m. The height of the wall body 2 can be 4.4 - 6.4m, and the specific height can be 4.4m, 4.8m, 5.0m, 5.4m, 5.8m, 6.0m, 6.4m. The width of the wall body 2 can be 2.0m - 4.0m, and the specific width can be 2.0m, 2.5m, 3.0m, 3.5m, 4.0m. The width of the base 3 can be 6.0m - 8.0m, and the specific width can be 6.0m, 6.5m, 7.0m, 7.5m, 8.0m. The positional relationship between the wall body 2 and the base 3 can be that the wall body 2 is left-aligned or right-aligned with the base 3, or the wall body 2 is centered with the base 3.

[0037] The upper end of the anchor rod 7 is connected to the base 3, and the lower end of the anchor rod 7 passes through the bedrock surface 12 and is anchored in the bedrock. The upper end of the anchor rod 7 is welded to the steel bar framework before the concrete of the retaining wall 1 is poured.

[0038] The fill area 14 is located between the wall body 2 and the step 4, and the fill area 14 is used for backfilling soil. Roads, houses, etc. can be built above the fill area 14.

[0039] In an alternative embodiment, the wall body 2 and the base 3 are flush on the side of the free face, that is, the free face of the wall body 2 and the free face of the base 3 are in the same plane. The top surface of the part of the base 3 that extends beyond the width of the wall body 2 is the platform 5, and the platform 5 is located between the wall body 2 and the step 4.

[0040] In an alternative embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the wall body 2 can be trapezoidal. The wall body 2 includes a wall surface and a wall back. The wall surface is the part directly facing the air or the adjacent space, and the wall back is the part where the wall body 2 directly contacts the fill area 14. The inclination gradient of the wall surface can be 1:0.05 to 1:0.15, specifically it can be 1:0.05, 1:0.10, 1:0.15. The inclination gradient of the wall back can be 1:0.15 to 1:0.25, specifically it can be 1:0.15, 1:0.20, 1:0.25.

[0041] In an alternative embodiment, the wall body 2 can be provided with a drain pipe 8. One end of the drain pipe 8 is located in the fill area 14, and the other end of the drain pipe 8 is located on the free face of the wall body 2. The drain pipe 8 is arranged obliquely, and its lower end is located on one side of the free face of the wall body 2.

[0042] In an alternative embodiment, a filter layer 13 can be laid on the platform 5, and the drain pipe 8 and the bottom of the filter layer 13 are at the same height. As Figure 3 shown, one end of the drain pipe 8 located in the fill area 14 is provided with holes 18 and a geotextile 19. The holes 18 are located on the pipe wall of the drain pipe 8, and the geotextile 19 is used to wrap the drain pipe 8. The drain pipe 8 can be a PVC pipe, and the diameter of the PVC pipe can be 80mm - 120mm, specifically the diameter can be 80mm, 90mm, 100mm, 110mm, 120mm. The holes 18 can be round holes, and the diameter of the round holes can be 8mm - 12mm, specifically the diameter can be 8mm, 10mm, 12mm. The filter layer 13 is stacked by multiple layers of materials such as sand and gravel with different particle sizes, and the particle size gradually increases along the direction of the water flow. The laying thickness of the filter layer 13 can be 0.3m - 0.6m, specifically the thickness can be 0.3m, 0.4m, 0.5m, 0.6m, and its particle size gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0043] In an alternative embodiment, a waterproof layer 9 can be provided between the filter layer 13 and the step 4. The top surface of the waterproof layer 9 is flush with the top surface of the platform 5. The waterproof material of the waterproof layer 9 can be clay or cement-based waterproof material, and the thickness of the waterproof layer 9 can be 0.3m - 0.6m, specifically the thickness can be 0.3m, 0.4m, 0.5m, 0.6m.

[0044] In an alternative embodiment, a catchment ditch 10 is provided at the top of the step 4. The catchment ditch 10 is lower than the top surface of the fill area 14 and is connected to the top surface of the fill area 14 through an inclined surface to ensure that the accumulated water on the fill area 14 can flow into the catchment ditch 10.

[0045] In an alternative embodiment, the anchor bolts 7 can be arranged vertically.

[0046] In an alternative embodiment, a toe 6 may be provided at the lower corner of the free face of the base 3. The bottom edge of the toe 6 is flush with the bottom edge of the base 3, as Figure 2 shown. The toe 6 includes a toe top surface 20 and a toe side surface 21, and its dimensions can be determined according to the overall force-bearing condition of the retaining wall 1. The width of the toe top surface 20 may be 0.3 m - 0.8 m, specifically 0.3 m, 0.4 m, 0.5 m, 0.6 m, 0.7 m, 0.8 m. The height of the toe side surface 21 may be 0.3 m - 0.8 m, specifically 0.3 m, 0.4 m, 0.5 m, 0.6 m, 0.7 m, 0.8 m.

[0047] In an alternative embodiment, the anchor rod 7 may be placed in the anchoring hole 17, and the anchoring hole 17 is formed by drilling from the step 4 towards the bedrock surface 12. A locator 15 is provided in the anchoring hole 17, and the locator 15 is used to restrict the position of the anchor rod 7 in the anchoring hole 17, as Figure 4 shown. The locator 15 is in the shape of a hollow body with smaller ends and a larger middle part, and is used to fix the anchor rod 7 at the central position of the anchoring hole 17. There is an adhesive 16 between the anchoring hole 17 and the anchor rod 7, and the adhesive 16 may be cement mortar or pure cement paste, specifically M30 cement mortar.

[0048] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stepped anchor retaining structure in a slope area, characterized in that: include: A step (4), wherein the step (4) is formed by step-wise excavation along the slope line (11); A retaining wall (1), the retaining wall (1) comprising a wall body (2) and a base (3), the base (3) being arranged on the step (4), the bottom shape of the base (3) matching the step (4), the wall body (2) being located on the base (3), and the width of the base (3) being greater than the width of the wall body (2); An anchor rod (7), the upper end of the anchor rod (7) is connected to the base (3), and the lower end of the anchor rod (7) passes through the bedrock surface (12) and is anchored in the bedrock; A filling area (14), the filling area (14) is located between the wall body (2) and the step (4), and the filling area (14) is used for backfilling earth.

2. The slope area stepped anchor retaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall body (2) and the base (3) are flush on one side of the free surface, the top surface of the base (3) that exceeds the width of the wall body (2) is a platform (5), and the platform (5) is located between the wall body (2) and the step (4).

3. The slope area stepped anchor retaining structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the wall body (2) is a trapezoid.

4. The slope area stepped anchor retaining structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wall body (2) is provided with a drainage pipe (8), one end of the drainage pipe (8) is located in the filling area (14), and the other end of the drainage pipe (8) is located on the open surface of the wall body (2).

5. The slope area stepped anchor retaining structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A filter layer (13) is laid on the platform (5); the drainage pipe (8) is located at the same height as the bottom of the filter layer (13); one end of the drainage pipe (8) located in the filling area (14) is provided with a hole (18) and a geotextile (19); the hole (18) is located on the pipe wall of the drainage pipe (8); and the geotextile (19) is used to wrap the drainage pipe (8).

6. The slope area stepped anchor retaining structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A waterproof layer (9) is provided between the filter layer (13) and the step (4).

7. The slope area stepped anchor retaining structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A water intercepting ditch (10) is provided on the top of the step (4).

8. A slope area stepped anchor retaining structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The anchor rod (7) is arranged vertically.

9. The slope area stepped anchor retaining structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: A wall toe (6) is provided at the lower corner of the free-facing surface of the base (3).

10. The slope area stepped anchor retaining structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The anchor rod (7) is placed in an anchor hole (17), a positioner (15) is provided in the anchor hole (17), and the positioner (15) is used to constrain the position of the anchor rod (7) in the anchor hole (17), and an adhesive (16) is provided between the anchor hole (17) and the anchor rod (7).

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