Slender shaft clamping device

Abstract

The utility model provides a slender shaft clamping device, and belongs to the field of machine tools. The problem that cutter vibration is easily generated in the existing slender shaft turning process is solved. The slender shaft clamping device comprises a numerical control chuck used for machining and clamping a long-shaft part, a tip assembly used for auxiliary positioning of a long-shaft workpiece and a main shaft capable of driving the numerical control chuck to rotate and work, the main shaft is provided with a sliding pipe allowing the tip assembly to be installed in a sliding mode, and the tip assembly can move along the inner wall of the sliding pipe. The end of the center assembly extends out of the numerical control chuck through sliding fit, the numerical control chuck comprises a chuck body of a hollow structure and a plurality of clamping jaws used for machining and clamping, rolling bodies used for auxiliary clamping of long-axis part workpieces are arranged on the clamping jaws, and the rolling bodies are installed on a chuck clamp through the clamping jaws and can be moved and adjusted in the radial direction. The utility model has the advantages of stable support and cutter vibration prevention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of machine tools and relates to a clamping device for slender shafts. Background Art

[0002] A slender shaft is a slender shaft-like part with a length-to-diameter ratio of the workpiece greater than 18 - 25 or more. The water pump shaft belongs to the slender shaft-like parts. There are mainly two traditional clamping methods for turning a slender shaft on a lathe: One method is to clamp one end of the slender shaft with a chuck and add an auxiliary support in the middle (such as a steady rest and a follower rest, etc.), and use the tip of the lathe tailstock plus an intermediate support at the other end, that is, the so-called "one chuck and one center" clamping method; Another method is to support both ends of the slender shaft with centers, that is, "double-center clamping".

[0003] For the "one chuck and one center" clamping method, during the turning process, the slender shaft itself has a large bending deformation and poor rigidity, and is prone to vibration, resulting in machining accuracy errors and poor coaxiality of the workpiece. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a flexible or rigid clamping device for slender shafts to solve the above problems in view of the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A clamping device for slender shafts, including a numerical control chuck for clamping long shaft parts during machining, a center assembly for auxiliary positioning of long shaft workpieces, and a main shaft that can drive the numerical control chuck to rotate and work. It is characterized in that the main shaft has a sliding cavity for the sliding installation of the center assembly, and the center assembly can move along the inner wall of the sliding cavity and extend the end of the center assembly out of the numerical control chuck through sliding fit;

[0006] The numerical control chuck includes a chuck body arranged in a hollow structure and several chucks for clamping during machining, and rolling elements for auxiliary clamping of long shaft part workpieces are arranged on each chuck;

[0007] The rolling elements are installed on the chuck fixture through the chucks and can be adjusted radially.

[0008] In the above clamping device for slender shafts, there are at least 2 chucks, and the chucks and the rolling elements are evenly distributed on the chuck body.

[0009] In the above clamping device for slender shafts, an installation groove for the movable installation of the rolling elements is opened on the chuck, and the rolling elements are located in the installation groove and are in close rolling contact with the outer peripheral wall of the long shaft part.

[0010] In the above clamping device for slender shafts, the rolling elements can be radially adjusted through the chuck body and the chucks to realize the clamping and fastening of the long shaft part.

[0011] In the above-mentioned clamping device for slender shafts, there are gaps between both sides of the rolling elements and the mounting grooves, and they are connected by pin shafts.

[0012] In the above-mentioned clamping device for slender shafts, the radial adjustment and cooperation between the chuck body and the jaws are driven by oil pressure or air pressure for radial clamping.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the clamping device for slender shafts of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0014] 1. There are rolling elements provided on the clamping ends of the jaws that can roll and fit on the long shaft parts. It can also be processed by the segmented direct clamping method, and can clamp different outer diameter parts of the long shaft parts. The structure is simple, easy to operate, flexible to use, and ensures that the machined workpieces have high coaxiality;

[0015] 2. The numerical control chuck and the main shaft move up and down synchronously, and through the rolling element structure, rapid guiding clamping and rigid loosening and clamping methods are used for clamping long shaft parts with different outer diameters, effectively preventing the problem of vibration during the processing of long shaft parts, and greatly improving the processing accuracy and efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a semi-sectional structural schematic diagram of the clamping device for slender shafts of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the jaws of the clamping device for slender shafts of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure, 1. Numerical control chuck; 2. Main shaft; 3. Center component; 4. Sliding cavity; 5. Chuck body; 6. Jaws; 7. Rolling elements; 8. Mounting grooves; 9. Gaps; 10. Pin shafts. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and in combination with the drawings, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0020] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown in the figure, this slender shaft clamping device includes a numerically controlled chuck 1 for clamping long shaft parts during machining, a center component 3 for auxiliary positioning of long shaft workpieces, and a main shaft 2 that can drive the numerically controlled chuck 1 to rotate and work. The main shaft 2 has a sliding cavity 4 for the sliding installation of the center component 3. The center component 3 can move along the inner wall of the sliding cavity 4, and the end of the center component 3 extends out of the numerically controlled chuck 1 through sliding fit. The numerically controlled chuck 1 includes a chuck body 5 arranged in a hollow structure and several jaws 6 for machining and clamping. A rolling body 7 for auxiliary clamping of long shaft part workpieces is provided on each of the jaws 6. The rolling body 7 is installed on the chuck fixture through the jaw 6 and can be adjusted radially.

[0021] The numerically controlled chuck 1 and the main shaft 2 move up and down synchronously, and through the structure of the rolling body 7, rapid guiding and clamping of long shaft parts with different outer diameters are carried out, effectively preventing the problem of vibration during the machining of long shaft parts, and greatly improving the machining accuracy and efficiency.

[0022] There are at least 2 jaws 6, and the jaws 6 and the rolling bodies 7 are evenly distributed on the chuck body 5.

[0023] A rolling body 7 that can roll and fit on the long shaft part is provided on the clamping end of the jaw 6. It can also be processed by a segmented direct clamping method without using the rolling body 7. These two methods are used to clamp different outer diameter parts of the long shaft part. The structure is simple, easy to operate, flexible to use, and ensures that the machined workpiece has high coaxiality.

[0024] An installation groove 8 for the movable installation of the rolling body 7 is provided on the jaw 6. The rolling body 7 is located in the installation groove 8 and is in close rolling fit with the outer peripheral wall of the long shaft part. The rolling body 7 can be radially adjusted through the chuck body 5 and the jaw 6 to realize the clamping and fastening of the long shaft part. There is a gap 9 between both sides of the rolling body 7 and the installation groove 8, and they are connected by a pin shaft 10. The radial adjustment and cooperation between the chuck body 5 and the jaw 6 are driven by oil pressure or air pressure for radial clamping.

[0025] Those skilled in the art should know that the radial movement of the jaw 6 relative to the chuck body 5 using oil pressure or air pressure for radial clamping belongs to the prior art.

[0026] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present invention can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0027] Although terms such as numerical control chuck 1, spindle 2, center assembly 3, sliding cavity 4, chuck body 5, jaw 6, rolling element 7, mounting groove 8, clearance 9, pin shaft 10, etc. are used more frequently in this article, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is only for more convenient description and explanation of the essence of the present utility model; interpreting them as any additional limitation is contrary to the spirit of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A slender shaft clamping device, comprising a CNC chuck (1) for clamping a long shaft part, a top assembly (3) for auxiliary positioning of the long shaft workpiece, and a spindle (2) capable of driving the CNC chuck (1) to rotate, characterized in that: The spindle (2) has a sliding cavity (4) for the top assembly (3) to be slidably mounted, the top assembly (3) can move along the inner wall of the sliding cavity (4), and the end of the top assembly (3) can extend out of the CNC chuck (1) through sliding fit; The numerical control chuck (1) comprises a chuck body (5) having a hollow structure and a plurality of clamping jaws (6) for machining and clamping, wherein each of the clamping jaws (6) is provided with a rolling body (7) for auxiliary clamping of a long-axis workpiece; The rolling body (7) is mounted on the chuck fixture via the claws (6) and can be radially moved and adjusted.

2. The elongated shaft clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least two clamping claws (6), and the clamping claws (6) and the rolling bodies (7) are evenly distributed on the chuck body (5).

3. The elongated shaft clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The claw (6) is provided with a mounting groove (8) for movably mounting the rolling body (7); the rolling body (7) is located in the mounting groove (8) and is tightly rolling-fitted with the outer peripheral wall of the long shaft part.

4. The elongated shaft clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rolling body (7) can be radially adjusted through the chuck body (5) and the clamping claws (6) to achieve clamping and tightening of the long-axis part.

5. The elongated shaft clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a gap (9) between the two sides of the rolling body (7) and the mounting groove (8), and they are connected via a pin shaft (10).

6. The elongated shaft clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chuck body (5) and the clamping claw (6) are radially adjusted and matched to be hydraulically or pneumatically driven radial clamping.

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